FMGE SURGERY " f This analysis is based on surgery recalls from ' L past 5 years of FMGE exams (10 exams) } a|. GASTROINTESTINAL SYSTEM « Esophagus: o Esophageal Atresia (1) © Mallory-Weiss Tear (2) Esophageal Varices (1) Includes CLD (Child-Pugh classification) Esophageal Cancer (Risk factors) (1) Boerhaave Syndrome (1) Zenker's Diverticulum (Dholman Procedure) (2) Achalasia Cardia (1) Diffuse Esophageal Spasm (1) o Barrett's Esophagus (1) Esophageal Fibrosis (1) EGD (Esophagogastroduodenoscopy) (1) Junction of Esophagus (1) Trichophagia (1) Often associated with esophageal pathology * Stomach: © Gastric Cancer (1) © Gastric Reconstruction Surgeries (1) © Dumping Syndrome (Early Dumping Syndrome) (2) © Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor (GIST) (1) © Congenital Hypertrophic Pyloric Stenosis (IHPS) (2) © Peptic Ulcer (1) Could also be considered under small intestine depending on location * Small Intestine: © Malrotation of Gut (1) © Meconium Ileus (1) © Duodenal Atresia (1) Intussusception (1) Meckel's Diverticulum (1) Technically a remnant of the vitellointestinal duct © Short Bowel Syndrome (1) © Crohn's Disease (vs. Ulcerative Colitis) (1) Regional Enteritis (likely what "Graves Disease of Small Intestine" refers to) (1) © Whipple Procedure (1) Typically for pancreatic or duodenal pathology Annular Pancreas (1) oo 0 © 00000 ° oo ° °° Large Intestine: Familial Adenomatous Polyposis (1) Sigmoid Volvulus (1) Hirschsprung's Disease (2) lleostomy/Colostomy (Loop Ileostomy) (2) Ulcerative Colitis (vs. Crohn's) (1) Appendicitis (4) Includes appendicular lump, McBurney's point, incision for appendicitis Anal Carcinoma (Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Anal Canal) (2) Rectal Prolapse (1) Hemorrhoids (1) Perianal Fistula/Fistula-in-Ano (3) Rectal Cancer (1) Imperforate Anus (1) Potent Vitellointestinal Duct is related ¢ Liver/Biliary System: © Cystic Duct Stump Leak (1) Bile Leak (1) Gallbladder Polyp (1) Gallbladder Cancer (1) Acute Cholecystitis (1) Choledocholithiasis (1) Choledochal Cyst (1) Liver Abscess (1) Hepatocellular Carcinoma (1) MELD Score (1) Child-Pugh Score (1) For liver dysfunction assessment Pringle Maneuver (1) Liver surgery Gallbladder Removal Complications (1) « Pancreas: © Acute Pancreatitis (3) © Pseudocyst (1) © Insulinoma (1) © Gastrinoma (1) © VIPoma (1) These last three are pancreatic endocrine tumors 3 ° 0000000000 000000 00000 ° °Il. ENDOCRINE SYSTEM ¢ Thyroid: ° ° ° ° ° ° ° Goiter (1) Thyroid Surgery (1) Hyperparathyroidism (1) Graves Disease (1) Hashimoto Thyroiditis (1) Papillary/Medullary Thyroid Cancer (1) Thyroglossal Cyst (1) Sistrunk Operation is the treatment * Adrenal: ° Pheochromocytoma (3) MIBG scan is a diagnostic tool * Pancreas (Endocrine): See above in GI ¢ Other: ° Necrolytic Migratory Erythema (1) Associated with glucagonoma Ill. GENITOURINARY SYSTEM ° Kidney: ° ° ° 000 0 ° Horseshoe Kidney (1) Polycystic Kidney Disease (1) Renal Stones (Kidney stone extraction) (2) Renal Tumors (1) Wilms Tumor (1) Renal Cell Carcinoma (RCC) (1) Kidney Transplantation (1) Whitaker Test (1) Obstruction assessment Partial Nephrectomy (1) ¢ Ureter: ° ° ° Ectopic Ureter (1) Retrocaval Ureter (1) Ureteroscopy (1) * Bladder: ° ° ° Bladder Carcinoma (2) Urethral Rupture/Trauma (3) Retrograde Urethrogram (1) « Prostate: ° ° Prostate Cancer (Gleason Score) (2) Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH) (2)IV. BREAST Breast Engorgement (1) Breast Abscess (3) Breast Cancer (9) Includes various classifications, staging, prognosis, and peau d'orange Fibroadenoma (1) Invasive Ductal Carcinoma (1) Phyllodes Tumor (2) Breast Examination (1) Breast Surgery (1) Acute Mastitis (1) V. TRAUMA/CRITICAL CARE/SURGERY Surgical Techniques/Instruments/Post-Op: ° Surgical Emphysema (1) Best Method of Hair Removal for Surgery (1) Fasting Before Surgery (1) Best Investigation for GERD (1) Hollow Viscus Sign/Perforation (1) Linear Stapler (1) Autograft/Graft Types/Skin Grafts (3) Cannula (1) Suture Classification (1) Causes of Postoperative Fever (1) Veress Needle (Pneumoperitoneum for Laparoscopy) (2) Burst Abdomen/Acute Wound Dehiscence (1) Microdochectomy (1) Wound Healing/Skin: © Wound Healing (1) © Keloid/Hypertrophic Scar (4) © Cystic Hygroma (1) © Venous/Arterial/Neuropathic Ulcer, Marjolin's Ulcer, Pressure Sores (6) © Graft Rejection (2) 5 °o 0 0 00000 eo 0 0 °VI. ONCOLOGY (General) * Sister Mary Joseph Nodule (1) Rodent Ulcer (Basal Cell Carcinoma) (1) Superior Mediastinal Tumors (1) Diffuse Osteoblastic Metastatic Disease (1) Treatment of Leukoplakia (1) Neuroblastoma (1) |. VASCULAR Varicose Veins (1) DVT (2) Buerger's Disease (2) Atherosclerosis (2) Aortic Dissection (Treatment) (2) Raynaud's Phenomenon (2) Arterial Disease (1) VII. INFECTIOUS DISEASE/IMMUNOLOGY Bacterial Sepsis (1) * Tuberculous Lymphadenitis (2) « Hydatid Cyst (1) * Genital TB (1) * Oschner-Sherren Regimen (1) For appendicitis/abscess v|. GASTROINTESTINAL SYSTEM (58/203 = 29%) ¢ Esophagus (12/58 = 21% of Gi): © Mallory-Weiss Tear, Zenker's Diverticulum (2 each): Moderate emphasis. o Esophageal Atresia, Esophageal Varices, Esophageal Cancer, Boerhaave Syndrome, Achalasia Cardia, Diffuse Esophageal Spasm, Barrett's Esophagus, Esophageal Fibrosis, EGD, Junction of Esophagus issues, Trichophagia (1 each). * Stomach (5/58 = 9% of Gl): © Dumping Syndrome, Congenital Hypertrophic Pyloric Stenosis (2 each): Moderate emphasis. © Gastric Cancer, Gastric Reconstruction Surgeries, Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor (GIST), Peptic Ulcer (1 each). * Small Intestine (9/58 = 16% of Gl): © Malrotation of Gut, Meconium Ileus, Duodenal Atresia, Intussusception, Meckel's Diverticulum, Short Bowel Syndrome, Crohn's Disease, Regional Enteritis, Whipple Procedure, Annular Pancreas (1 each). ¢ Large Intestine (15/58 = 26% of Gl): © Appendicitis (4): Significant emphasis. © Perianal Fistula/Fistula-in-Ano (3): Moderate emphasis. © lleostomy/Colostomy, Hirschsprung's Disease, Anal Carcinoma (2 each): Moderate emphasis. o Familial Adenomatous Polyposis, Sigmoid Volvulus, Rectal Prolapse, Hemorrhoids, Rectal Cancer, Imperforate Anus (1 each). Liver/Biliary System (11/58 = 19% of Gi): © Cystic Duct Stump Leak, Bile Leak, Gallbladder Polyp, Gallbladder Cancer, Acute Cholecystitis, Choledocholithiasis, Choledochal Cyst, Liver Abscess, Hepatocellular Carcinoma, MELD Score, Child-Pugh Score, Pringle Maneuver, Gallbladder Removal Complications (1 each). Pancreas (6/58 = 10% of Gi): © Acute Pancreatitis (3): Moderate emphasis. © Pseudocyst, Insulinoma, Gastrinoma, VIPoma (1 each). ll. ENDOCRINE SYSTEM (8/203 = 4%) © Thyroid (7/8 = 88% of Endocrine): © Goiter, Thyroid Surgery, Hyperparathyroidism, Graves Disease, Hashimoto Thyroiditis, Papillary/Medullary Thyroid Cancer, Thyroglossal Cyst (1 each).* Adrenal (1/8 = 12% of Endocrine): ° Pheochromocytoma (3): Significant emphasis. * Other: © Necrolytic Migratory Erythema (1). Ill. GENITOURINARY SYSTEM (23/203 = 11%) * Kidney (8/23 = 35% of GU): o Horseshoe Kidney, Polycystic Kidney Disease, Renal Stones (2), Renal Tumors, Wilms Tumor, Renal Cell Carcinoma (RCC), Kidney Transplantation, Whitaker Test, Partial Nephrectomy (1 each). © Ureter (3/23 = 13% of GU): © Ectopic Ureter, Retrocaval Ureter, Ureteroscopy (1 each). * Bladder (2/23 = 9% of GU): © Bladder Carcinoma (2). * Prostate (2/23 = 9% of GU): o Prostate Cancer, Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH) (2 each). * Testis/Scrotum (7/23 = 30% of GU): o Undescended Testis (3), Varicocele (4): Significant emphasis. © Testicular Torsion, Testicular Tumors, Seminoma (2 each). © Spermatocele (1). © Other (1/23 = 4% of GU): o Fournier's Gangrene (2). lV. BREAST (17/203 = 8%) * Breast Cancer (9): Significant emphasis. * Breast Abscess (3): Moderate emphasis. « Phyllodes Tumor (2): Moderate emphasis. * Breast Engorgement, Fibroadenoma, Invasive Ductal Carcinoma, Breast Examination, Breast Surgery, Acute Mastitis (1 each). V. TRAUMA/CRITICAL CARE/SURGERY (28/203 = 14%) * Trauma/Critical Care: (Existing topics) * Surgical Techniques/Instruments/Post-Op (15/28 = 54% of this section): © Autograft/Graft Types/Skin Grafts (3): Moderate emphasis. © Keloid/Hypertrophic Scar (4): Significant emphasis. © Venous/Arterial/Neuropathic Ulcer, Marjolin's Ulcer, Pressure Soges (6): Significant emphasis. °(Bbeeremnai) Surgical Emphysema, Best Method of Hair Removal for Surgery, Fasting Before Surgery, Best Investigation for GERD, Hollow Viscus Sign/Perforation, Linear Stapler, Cannula, Suture Classification, Causes of Postoperative Fever, Veress Needle (2), Burst Apdomen/Acute Wound Dehiscence, Microdochectomy (1 each). * Wound Healing/Skin (13/28 = 46% of this section): ° Graft Rejection (2): Moderate emphasis. o Wound Healing, Cystic Hygroma (1 each). VI. ONCOLOGY (General) (6/203 = 3%) * Sister Mary Joseph Nodule, Rodent Ulcer, Superior Mediastinal Tumors, Diffuse Osteoblastic Metastatic Disease, Treatment of Leukoplakia, Neuroblastoma (1 each). VII. VASCULAR (9/203 = 4%) * Varicose Veins, DVT, Buerger's Disease, Atherosclerosis, Aortic Dissection (Treatment), Raynaud's Phenomenon (2 each), Arterial Disease (1). VIII, INFECTIOUS DISEASE/IMMUNOLOGY (4/203 = 2%) ¢ Tuberculous Lymphadenitis (2). * Bacterial Sepsis, Hydatid Cyst, Genital TB, Oschner-Sherren Regimen (1 each).