Form : HAVE / HAS + Past Participle

+ Affirmative - Negative ? Interrogative

I/you/we/they Have I/you/we/they have not worked Have I/you/we/they worked?

(I’ve worked) (haven’t worked)
He/she/it Has worked He/she/it has not worked Has he/she/it worked?
He’s worked) (hasn’t worked)

When do we use the Present perfect? Present perfect

indicators
Just :
To talk about actions that happened
1) For actions which happened at an indefinite time a short time before now.
in the past when the exact time is not important. Tom has just arrived.
These actions often have consequences in the
present. Already:
I’ve lost my keys. ( I can’t open the door ) To emphasize that something
happened before now, or before it
2) Recent actions where results are often visible in the was expected to happen.
present: used with key adverbs Just, already and Tom has already arrived.
Yet.
Tom has just left. Yet:
 With a negative verb to say that
3) Experiences “up to now” : Key adverbs Ever and something has not happened
Never. but we think it will happen.
Have you ever been to New York? Tom hasn’t arrived yet.
 In questions to ask whether
4) For an action that began in the past and continues something that we expected to
up to now: often used with Since and for. happen, has happened.
I have lived in Italy for three years. Has Tom arrived yet?

5) With superlatives Ever:

This is the best pizza I’ve ever had. Is used in questions and goes
between subject and main verb.
6) With expressions the first time, the second time etc. Have you ever travelled
This is the second time I’ve read this abroad?
novel.
Never:
7) With today, this morning/afternoon/evening / Is used in negative statements and
year to talk about a period of time that is not yet goes between the auxiliary and the
finished. verb.
I have seen him today. I have never travelled
abroad.
For:
When we are talking about a period
of time.
He has lived here for 5 years

Since:
Note: Been and gone
When we are talking about the start
He’s gone to Australia ( he’s there now) of the period .
He’s been to Australia ( He went there some in the He has lived here since 2005
past but he’s here now)
teacher: natalie
 1 For and since
a) ……………. a second b) ……………….. a year
c) ……………. nine o’clock d) ……………….. last Spring
e) ……………. was at school f) ……………….. Christmas
g) ……………. a long time h) ……………….. a few minutes
i) ……………. many years j) ……………….. my birthday
k) ……………. five months l) ……………….. World War two

2 Complete the sentences using the 3 Write affirmative (+) or negative (-)
present perfect sentences

My father …………………. (buy) a new car. Francesca…………..(speak +) to the head

The students who……………………..(finish, teacher.
already) the test , can leave. We………………(have-) lunch yet.
Mum……………….(bake) a cake for the party. This is the best novel I …………..(read+)
I………………….(study) all day. We …………………(see+) this film 3 times.
Jane …………….( do) the washing up so we I …………….(blow-) up all the balloons yet.
can go out. She…………………(photocopy+ ) the book for
…………. you ………… (make) the beds? the exam.
He ………………(write) 7 novels. I…………………..(pack-) my rucksack yet.
They ……………….(be) to South America. We…………………(know+) them for ages.

4 Complete the dialogue using present perfect or past simple.

John: How long 1) …………………( you/know) each other? Tony: We 2)…………..(meet) three
years ago. John: And when 3)……………………..(you/decide) to sing together? Sally: We 4)
……………..(begin) singing together after a few months. Tony: When we 5) ………….(start), we 6)
…………………..(buy) some equipment we 7)…………………(run) out of money. Sally: It 8)………
(be) terrible. Tony: We 9)…………..(have) to borrow some money and of course we 10) …………….
(not pay) it all back yet. John: But now you are quite famous and your Cd 11) ……………….( win)
an award and all of your problems 12)…………………… (disappear_)

4.Complete the sentences with a word or 5 Present perfect or past simple

phrase from the box. Correct the mistakes
ago just ever for never
already still yet since a) Jack has broken his leg yesterday
b) They arrived a few hours ago
a) I don’t want to go in the water now I’ve c) We’ve lived here since five years
…………had lunch. d) What time has Jane phoned?
b) My family has lived in this house …………. e) Have you ever worked in an office?
ages. f) She’ s my best friend and I know her for
c) Sonia has ……………..skied . She hates the fifteen years.
snow. g) I haven’t played volleyball since I was
d) I haven’t seen john ………….. last weekend. sixteen.
e) We’ve ……………… booked our holiday. We’re h) Mel lived in Malaga since 1998.
going to the Caribbean Islands. i) He’s gone to London twice.
f) Have you ……………. worked in an office ? j) I have won three awards.
g) The boss hasn’t arrived …………. so we can k) He wrote ten bestselling novels.
have a cup of coffee. l) He has been married twice.
h) Sonia …………. hasn’t paid me the money she m) When have you been to Rome?
owes me.
i) John left the school a year …………….
teacher: natalie