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SPREADSHEET
MS-EXCEL AND GOOGLE SHEET
Introduction to Spreadsheets 2
A spreadsheet is a digital tool that organizes,
calculates, and analyzes data in a table format.
It consists of rows and columns that form cells, which
store data, formulas, and functions.
Used for accounting, data management, budgeting,
and analysis.
Uses of Spreadsheets 3
✅ Organizing Data – Store and arrange data efficiently.
✅ Performing Calculations – Use formulas and functions.
✅ Analyzing Data – Sort, filter, and summarize information.
✅ Visualizing Data – Create charts and graphs.
✅ Automating Tasks – Use built-in functions and scripts
Examples of Spreadsheet Software 4
📌 Microsoft Excel – Most popular and powerful spreadsheet tool.
📌 Google Sheets – Online and collaborative spreadsheet software.
📌 LibreOffice Calc – Free and open-source spreadsheet software.
📌 Apple Numbers – Spreadsheet software for Mac users.
Spreadsheet Notations 5
Cell Reference – Example: A1 (Column A, Row 1).
Range of Cells – Example: A1:A10 (From A1 to A10).
Formula – Example: =A1+B1 (Adds A1 and B1).
Function – Example: =SUM(A1:A10) (Adds values in A1 to A10).
Important Spreadsheet Functions 6
1. SUM Function
Why? Adds up a range of numbers.
Formula: =SUM(A1:A5)
Steps:
Click on the cell where you want the sum.
Type =SUM( and select the range.
Press Enter.
Example: =SUM(B2:B6) adds numbers in B2 to B6.
Important Spreadsheet Functions 7
2. AVERAGE Function
Why? Finds the average (mean) of a range of numbers.
Formula: =AVERAGE(A1:A5)
Steps:
Click on the cell where you want the average.
Type =AVERAGE( and select the range.
Press Enter.
Example: =AVERAGE(B2:B6) adds numbers in B2 to B6.
Important Spreadsheet Functions 8
3. IF Function
Why? Returns different values based on a condition.
Formula: ==IF(A1>50, "Pass", "Fail")
Steps:
Select a cell and type =IF(.
Define the condition (e.g., A1>50).
Add values for TRUE and FALSE conditions. (As many times as conditions)
Press Enter.
Example: Grade, Status, Comment calculation
Important Spreadsheet Functions 9
4. MAX and MIN Functions
Why? Find the highest (MAX) or lowest (MIN) value in a range.
Formula: =MAX(A1:A10) (Finds the largest number)
=MIN(A1:A10) (Finds the smallest number)
Steps:
Click on the cell where you want max or min.
Type =MAX( OR MIN( and select the range.
Press Enter.
Important Spreadsheet Functions 10
5. COUNT Function
Why? Counts the number of numeric values in a range.
Formula: =COUNT(A1:A10)
Steps:
Click on the cell where you want to count.
Type =COUNT( and select the range.
Press Enter.
Important Spreadsheet Functions 11
6. FILTER Function
Why? Filters data based on a condition.
Formula: =FILTER(A2:A10, B2:B10>50)
(Shows A2:A10 where B2:B10 is greater than 50).
Steps:
Click on the cell where you want the filtered data to be displayed.
Type =FILTER( and select the range.
Select the cell on which the condition is calculated.
Type the condition
Press Enter.
Important Spreadsheet Functions 12
7. PROPER, UPPER, LOWER Functions
Why? Format text in different ways:
Formula: =PROPER(A1) (Capitalizes the first letter of each word).
=UPPER(A1) (Converts text to uppercase).
=LOWER(A1) (Converts text to lowercase).
Steps:
Click on the cell where you want the sum.
Type =PROPER( OR =UPPER( OR =LOWER( and select the cell.
Press Enter.
