WEEK 16 - COMPARATIVE AND SUPERLATIVE

- DOUBLE COMPARISION - EXERCISES

1. Short, Long and Special adjectives/ adverbs:
a/ Short adjectives: are adjectives with
- one syllable: long , short, big, hot, fat ..
- two syllables with the endings: - y.E.g: happy, lazy, busy, .......
 Short adverbs: are adverbs with one syllable: hard, late, soon, ... and the adverb “early”
b/ Long adjectives: Two syllables up, and those ended with –ed.
E.g: careful, beautiful, hard-working, careless, complicated, bored…
* Note: Adjectives ended with -er, -le, -ow, and -et, are considered both short and long
ones.
E.g: clever, simple, narrow, quiet, …
 Long adverbs: are adverbs with two syllables up EXCEPT FOR early .
c/ Special adjectives/ adverbs:
No Equal Comparative Superlative Meaning
degree
1. bad/badly/ worse worst Tồi, dở/ ốm yếu
ill
2. good/ well better best Tốt, giỏi
3. much more most Nhiều
4. little less least Ít
far farther/ further farthest/ Xa (distance) / Rộng (range)
5.
furthest
old older/ elder oldest/ eldest Già, cũ (for all)/ (brother/
6.
sister)

2. comparisons:Cấu trúc so sánh

1. Equal  S1 + be/ V + as + adj / adv + as + S2
degree E.g: He is as old as my father.
So sánh bằng He drives as carefully as I.
Sau tobe dùng tính từ .
Sau đt thường dùng trạng từ.

Unequal  S1 + negative V( ĐT phủ định) + as/so + adj/adv + as + S2

degree E.g: He is not as/so old as my father.
So sánh He doesn’t drive as/so carefully as I.
bằng

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2.  S1 + be/ V + adj/ adv (short) + er + than + S2.
Comparatives E.g: You are thinner than he.
So sánh hơn He runs faster than I.
He works better than me.

 S1 + V + more + adj/ adv (long) + than + S2 + aux.

E.g: He is more intelligent than I .
He drives more carefully than I .

3. Superlatives  S + be/V + the + adj/ adv (short) + est + n.

E.g: Nam is the tallest student in my class.
Cheetah runs (the) fastest in the world.

 S + be/ V + the most + adj/ adv(long) + n.

E.g: He is the most intelligent student in my class.
Of the students in my class, Nam speaks English (the) most
fluently.

* Note: 1/ We use equal degree when we want to emphasize how many times this object is
more than that one.
E.g: Her husband is twice as old as she (is).
2/ We use emphatic words like: much, a lot, far, slightly, a bit, no, any, ... before
comparatives.
E.g: Her husband is much/ far/ a lot/... older than her.

Special adjectives/ adverbs:

No Equal Comparative Superlative Meaning

degree
1. bad/badly/ worse worst Tồi, dở/ ốm yếu
ill
2. good/ well better best Tốt, giỏi
3. much more most Nhiều
4. little less least Ít
far farther/ further farthest/ Xa (distance) / Rộng
5.
furthest (range)
old older/ elder oldest/ eldest Già, cũ (for all)/ (brother/
6.
sister)
E.g: Ms Anh is better at cooking than Ms Nhung.

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BÀI LUYỆN TẬP VỀ SO SÁNH VỚI TÍNH TỪ VÀ TRẠNG TỪ(Exercise on comparison)
Bài 1: Điền vào chỗ trống dạng so sánh đúng của từ trong ngoặc.
1. He is (clever) ……………………. student in my group.
2. She can’t stay (long) …………………….than 30 minutes.
3. It’s (good) ……………………. holiday I’ve had.
4. Well, the place looks (clean) …………………….now.
5. The red shirt is better but it’s (expensive) ……………………. than the white one.
6. I’ll try to finish the job (quick).…………………….
7. Being a firefighter is (dangerous) ……………………. than being a builder.
8. Lan sings ( sweet ) ………………..than Hoa
9. This is (exciting) ……………………. film I’ve ever seen.
10. He runs ( fast )………………….of all.
Bài 2: Viết lại các câu sau sao cho nghĩa không đổi.
1. Her old house is bigger than her new one.
-> Her new house…………………………………….........
2. No one in my class is taller than Peter.
-> Peter ……………………………………………….
3. The black dress is more expensive than the white one.
-> The white dress ……………………………………………
4. According to me, English is easier than Maths.
-> According to me, Maths ………………………………….
5. No one in my group is more intelligent than Mary.
-> Mary ……………………………………………………….
6. No river in the world is longer than the Nile.
-> The Nile …………………………………………………..
7. Mount Everest is the highest mountain in the world.
-> No mountain ……………………………………………...
8. This is the first time I have ever met such a pretty girl.
-> She is ……………………………………………………..
9. He works much. He feels tired.
-> The more …………………………………………………
10. This computer works better than that one.
-> That computer ……………………………………………..
III. Choose the best answer.
1. Our team lost the march because we played …………………………. . .
A. bad B. badly C. good D. well
2. I feel ………………….. about losing the match.
A. bad B. good C. badly D. well
3. The house was ………………….damaged by the hurricane.
A. terribly B. terrible C. terrify D. terrified
4. There was a …………………. change in the weather.
A. suddenly B. sudden C. quickly D. abruptly
5. “ Why did you buy these oranges? ” “They were ……….….. I could find. ”
A. cheapest B. cheapest ones C. the cheapest ones D. the most cheapest
6. She plays the piano …………… as she sings.
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A. as beautifully B. more beautifully C. as beautiful D. the most beautifully
7. You must explain your problems …………....
A. as clear as you can B. as clearly as you can C. as clear than you are D. as clearly as you are
8. John is ……………… person we know.
A. the happier B. the happiest C. happier D. happiest
9. Jane is not ……………………her brother.
A. more intelligent as B. intelligent as C. so intelligent as D. so intelligent that
10. He drives as………………… his father does.
A. careful as B. more carefully C. the most careful D. carefully as
11. What's the ……………… film you've ever seen?
A. good B. best C. better D. the best
12. Jane is…………………..age as Mary.
A. as same B. the most same C. the same D. more same
13. Commercial centres are…………………… they were many years ago.
A. as popular than B. the most popular. C. more popular than D. most popular than
14. A supermarket is……………………… a shopping centre.
A. less convenient as B. not so convenient than C. less convenient than D. the most convenient as
15*. Vietnam becomes……………………. to foreign tourists.
A. most and most attractive B. the more attractive C. much and more attractive D. more and more
attractive
16. Can Tho is………………. from Saigon than Bien Hoa is.
A. farther B. furthest C. as far D. farer
17. Bao Yen sings ………………… than this singer.
A. well B. better C. gooder D. more good
18*. The younger you are, …………………it is to learn.
a. easier B. you are easier C. the easier D. the easy
IV. Rewrite the sentences without changing their meaning.
16. Mum doesn’t speak English as well as Dad.
Dad…………………………………………………………...
17. Lan is better cook than Hoa.
Hoa can’t…………………………………………………….
18. No restaurant in the city is better than that one.
That restaurant is……………………………………………...
19*. This story is more interesting than any other story that I have ever read.
This is………………………………………………………...
20. She is the most beautiful girl I have ever known.
I’ve never…………………………………………………….
- DOUBLE COMPARISION - EXERCISES
1. Double  The more + adj/ adv dài + S + V, the + more + adj/ adv dài + S + V
comparatives (càng… càng…)
E.g: The more beautiful she is, the more modest she becomes.
 The adj/ adv ngắn + er + S + V, the + adj/ adv ngắn + er + S + V
(càng… càng…)
The harder he studies, the wiser he becomes.
 More and more + adj/ adv (long)
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 Adj/ adv (short) + er and adj (short) + er: càng ngày càng ...
E.g: Life in the city is more and more stressful.
They work harder and harder.
+ 2 tính từ khác nhau:
The richer she is, the more selfish she becomes.
Càng giàu,cô ấy càng trở nên ích kỷ hơn.
The more intelligent he is, the lazier he becomes.
Càng thông minh, anh ta càng trở nên lười hơn.
+ Dạng khác: (càng…càng…)
The more + S + V + the + comparative + S + V
Ví dụ: The more we study the more intelligent we feel.
Chúng ta càng học thì chúng ta càng thấy mình thông minh.
Lưu ý: Trong câu so sánh kép, nếu tân ngữ là một danh từ thì ta đặt danh
từ ấy ngay sau tính từ so sánh.
Ví dụ:
The more English vocabulary we know, the better we speak.
Càng biết nhiều từ vựng tiếng Anh, ta càng nói tốt hơn.
Multiple Numbers Comparison (So sánh gấp nhiều lần)
– Cú pháp
S + V + multiple numbers * + as + much/many/adj/adv + (N) + as +
N/pronoun.
* là những số như half/twice/3,4,5…times; Phân số; Phần trăm.
ly get 40%-50% as much as salary as men.
( Ở nhiều quốc gia, phụ nữ chỉ nhận được lương bằng với 40-50% lương
của người đàn ông khi họ có cùng một công việc).
– This encyclopedia costs twice as much as the other one.
(Bộ sách bách khoa toàn thư này mắc gấp đôi bộ còn lại).
At the clambake last week, Fred ate three times as many oysters as
Barney.
(Trong buổi tiệc tuần trước, Fred ăn hàu nhiều gấp 3 lần Barney).
Lưu ý:
– Khi dùng so sánh loại này phải xác định rõ danh từ đó là đếm được hay
không đếm được vì đằng trước chúng có much và many
– Các cấu trúc twice that + much/many+ … chỉ được dùng trong văn nói,
tuyệt đối không được dùng trong văn viết.
Ví dụ:
We had expected eighty people at the rally, but twice that many showed
up. (văn nói)
We had expected eighty people at the rally, but twice as many as that
number showed up. (văn viết)

2. Less &  S1 + be/ V + less + adj/ adv + than + S2

Least  S + be/ V + the least adj/ adv
comparisons E.g: This film is less interesting than the one I saw yesterday.
He works least effectively in our group.
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3.  S1 + V + as many/ much + N as S2 + aux
Comparions S1 + negative V as/ so few/ little + N as S2 + aux
with nouns E.g He earns as much money as I do.
I don’t have as/ so many friends as he does.
 S1 + V + more/ fewer/ less + N + than S2 + aux
E.g He has collected more stamps than I have.
I have collected fewer stamps than he has.
 S + V + most/ fewest/ least + N
E.g I have least free time in my family.

EXERCISES. Use double comparartive to complete these following sentences

1. They are big, they fall fast.
 The ______________________________________________________
2. It is hot, I feel miserable.
 The ______________________________________________________
3. I look into your eyes much, I love you much.
 The ______________________________________________________
4. He got old, he became bad-tempered.
 The ______________________________________________________
5- He worked hard. He felt very bad.
 The ______________________________________________________
6- When we think of the exam, we get more and more excited.
 The ______________________________________________________
7- As this road gets busier, it becomes more and more dangerous.
 The ______________________________________________________
8- When you get near to the Equator, the temperature becomes high.
 The ______________________________________________________
9- If she stays in England a long time, her English will be very good.
 The ______________________________________________________
10- You write fast, your writing becomes illegible.
 The ______________________________________________________
11. She is mature, she becomes beautiful.
 The ______________________________________________________
12. He study much, he becames stupid.
 The ______________________________________________________
13. He drinks much water, he becomes thirsty.
 The ______________________________________________________
14. He is mature, he becomes intelligent
 The ______________________________________________________
15. You speak English much, your English will be good.
 The ______________________________________________________
16. People save much paper, much wood pulp is preserved
 The ______________________________________________________