GENERAL
BIOLOGY 2
Quarter 4
Good day!
REMINDERS!!
ALWAYS wear your face masks.
FREQUENTLY sanitize your hands
and/or use alcohol.
AVOID unnecessary chatting
with seatmates.
KEEP mobile phones/gadgets
temporarily.
CLASS PRAYER
Father God,
Come be with us today.
Fill our hearts with joy.
Fill our minds with learning.
Fill our lesson with fun.
Fill our classmates with kindness.
Fill our classroom with peace.
Fill our school with love.
Amen.
Who’s IN?
Who’s OUT?
REVIEW
• Q. What are the 3 specific features
of plant and animal endocrine
system?
• FQ. How does the endocrine system
facilitate chemical and nervous
control in plants and animals?
LESSON OBJECTIVES
a. Differentiate the key features
of, and mechanism of defense of
plant and animal immune
system; and
LESSON OBJECTIVES
b. Relate the comparisons of plant and
animal immune systems in terms of
physical barriers, recognition of
pathogens, hormonal signaling,
immune response activation, and
memory and specificity.
MELC:
Compare and contrast the following
processes in plants and animals:
reproduction, development, nutrition, gas
exchange, transport/ circulation,
regulation of body fluids, chemical and
nervous control, immune systems, and
sensory and motor mechanisms.
STEM_BIO11/12-IVa-h-1
ACTIVITY 1
One Letter is Enough
Direction:
• Learners choose 1 letter from the
term IMMUNE and think of a key
term or concept you know which
you can relate to the subject.
I -
M -
M -
U -
N -
E -
ACTIVITY 2
Fit Me In
Direction:
• Learners complete the
statements by fitting in the
correct terms in the blanks.
hormones immune
pathogens
innate regulate
physical
Plants use __________ like salicylic
acid and jasmonic acid to __________
immune responses and coordinate
defense mechanisms.
hormones immune
pathogens
innate regulate
physical
Animals have __________ barriers
such as the skin and mucous
membranes that prevent __________
from entering the body.
hormones immune
pathogens
innate regulate
physical
Plants have pattern recognition
receptors (PRRs) that recognize
specific pathogen-associated
molecular patterns (PAMPs) and
trigger __________ responses.
hormones immune
pathogens
innate regulate
physical
Animal’s __________ immune
system responds to pathogens
through mechanisms like
phagocytosis, natural killer cells, and
the release of antimicrobial proteins.
Lesson 9:
Plant and Animal
Immune System and
Mechanism of
Defense
Introduction
Both plants and animals have
immune systems that help protect
them from pathogens and diseases.
While there are similarities
between the two systems, there are
also significant differences.
Plant Immune System – Key Features
a. Physical Barriers
- Plants have physical
barriers such as the
cell wall and waxy
cuticle that act as the
first line of defense
against pathogens.
Plant Immune System – Key Features
b. Pattern Recognition
Receptors (PRRs):
- Plants have PRRs that
recognize specific
pathogen-associated
molecular patterns
(PAMPs) and trigger
immune responses.
Plant Immune System – Key Features
c. Hormonal Signaling:
- Plants use hormones
like salicylic acid and
jasmonic acid to
regulate immune
responses and
coordinate defense
mechanisms.
Plant Immune System – Key Features
d. Systemic Acquired
Resistance (SAR):
- When a plant is
infected, it can
develop SAR, which
allows it to respond
more effectively to
future infections.
Plant Immune System – Mechanisms of Defense
a. Pathogen-Associated Molecular
Pattern (PAMP)-Triggered
Immunity (PTI):
- When PRRs recognize PAMPs, PTI is
activated, leading to the production
of antimicrobial compounds and
reinforcement of cell walls.
Plant Immune System – Mechanisms of Defense
Plant Immune System – Mechanisms of Defense
b. Effector-Triggered Immunity (ETI):
- If a pathogen manages to overcome
PTI, plants can activate ETI, which
involves the recognition of specific
pathogen effectors and a stronger
immune response.
Plant Immune System – Mechanisms of Defense
Animal Immune System – Key Features
a. Physical Barriers
- Animals have physical
barriers such as the
skin and mucous
membranes that
prevent pathogens
from entering the
body.
Animal Immune System – Key Features
b. Innate Immunity:
- Animals have an
innate immune
system that provides
immediate defense
against pathogens
through mechanisms
like phagocytosis and
inflammation.
Animal Immune System – Key Features
c. Adaptive Immunity:
- Animals also have an
adaptive immune
system that can
recognize and
remember specific
pathogens, providing
long-term protection.
Animal Immune System – Mechanisms of Defense
a. Innate Immune Response:
- The innate immune system
responds to pathogens through
mechanisms like phagocytosis,
natural killer cells, and the release
of antimicrobial proteins.
Animal Immune System – Mechanisms of Defense
b. Adaptive Immune Response:
- The adaptive immune system
involves the activation of B cells
and T cells, which produce
antibodies and target specific
pathogens for destruction.
Animal Immune System – Mechanisms of Defense
COMPARISON:
• Physical Barriers
- Both plants and animals have
physical barriers that prevent
pathogens from entering their
bodies.
- Plants have a cell wall and waxy
cuticle, while animals have skin and
mucous membranes.
COMPARISON:
• Recognition of Pathogens
- Plants use PRRs to recognize
specific pathogen-associated
molecular patterns (PAMPs), while
animals have receptors that
recognize antigens on pathogens.
COMPARISON:
• Hormonal Signaling
- Plants use hormones like salicylic
acid and jasmonic acid to regulate
immune responses, while animals
use cytokines and chemokines for
immune signaling.
COMPARISON:
• Immune Response Activation
- Plants activate PTI and ETI in
response to pathogen
recognition, while animals
activate innate and adaptive
immune responses.
COMPARISON:
• Memory and Specificity
- Animals have an adaptive immune
system that can remember specific
pathogens and mount a targeted
response upon reinfection.
- Plants do not have a memory-
based immune response.
Conclusion
While both plants and animals
have immune systems to protect
themselves from pathogens,
there are notable differences in
their mechanisms of defense.
Conclusion
Plants rely on physical barriers,
pattern recognition receptors, and
hormonal signaling, while animals
have physical barriers, innate
immunity, and adaptive immunity.
Conclusion
Understanding these
differences can provide insights
into the fascinating world of
immune systems in the natural
world.
Questions?
ACTIVITY 3
Reveal Me
Direction:
• Learners must reveal the terms
in the grid by replacing the
number with a corresponding
vowel.
1(A) 2(E) 3(I) 4(O) 5(U)
M 2 M 4 R Y
1 N D
S P 2 C 3 F 3 C 3 T Y
Only animals have an adaptive
immune system that can remember
specific pathogens and mount a targeted
response upon reinfection.
1(A) 2(E) 3(I) 4(O) 5(U)
R 2 C 4 G N 3 T 3 4 N
4 F
P 1 T H 4 G 2 N S
Plants use PRRs to recognize specific
pathogen-associated molecular patterns
(PAMPs), while animals have receptors that
recognize antigens on pathogens.
1(A) 2(E) 3(I) 4(O) 5(U)
3 M M 5 N 2
R 2 S P 4 N S 2
1 C T 3 V 1 T 3 4 N
Plants activate PTI and ETI in
response to pathogen recognition, while
animals activate innate and adaptive
immune responses.
1(A) 2(E) 3(I) 4(O) 5(U)
H 4 R M 4 N 1 L
S 3 G N 1 L 3 N G
Plants use hormones like salicylic acid
and jasmonic acid to regulate immune
responses, while animals use cytokines
and chemokines for immune signaling.
1(A) 2(E) 3(I) 4(O) 5(U)
P H Y S 3 C 1 L
B 1 R R 3 2 R S
Plants have a cell wall and waxy
cuticle, while animals have skin and
mucous membranes.
Application
Q. To which activity
/scenario in your daily life
can you relate the concepts
discussed?
Let’s Wrap Up!
Sum up the lesson
through answering the
given questions related to
the topic discussed:
Questions:
• What are the key features of the
plant and animal immune system?
• How do the mechanisms of defense
of plants and animals work?
• What are the key comparison of
plant and animal immune system?
ENRICHMENT
Direction:
• Do advance study and research
regarding:
Plant and Animal Nervous System
with Sensory and Nervous
Mechanisms
THANK YOU!
