напиши на английском большой топик на эту тему: The Urban Paradox: Navigating the

Complexities of Life in Metropolises

What disadvantages do you think people face when living in urban environments, and how do these
affect their quality of life?

How do you think the fast-paced lifestyle of a big city impacts personal relationships and community
connections?

используй данные фразы, фразы и выражения: make yourself at home! (expr) /meɪk jə ˈself ət
həʊm/ relax and feel comfortable in another person’s home ● Come in and make yourself at home!
❖ чувствуйте себя как дома 3.2 high-rise (adj) /ˈhaɪ raɪz/ very tall with many floors (for buildings) ●
The company is based in a high-rise office block. ➣ high-rise (n) ❖ высотный, многоэтажный 3.3
bungalow (n) /ˈbʌŋɡələʊ/ a house in which all the rooms are on the ground floor ● They moved out
of their tiny flat and into a bungalow surrounded by a large garden. ❖ бунгало 3.4 residential (adj)
/rezɪ ˈdenʃl/ where there are only houses and not factories or offices ● The residential area we live in
has wide streets and large gardens in front of the houses. ➣ residence, resident (n) ❖ жилой 3.5
brick (n) /brɪk/ a clay or cement block, used for building walls ● We ordered a load of bricks to build a
new garden wall. ❖ кирпич 3.6 chalet (n) /ˈʃæleɪ/ a wooden house with a steep-sided roof, common
in mountainous places, such as Austria ● I booked a chalet in the Alps to stay in during our winter
holiday. ❖ шале (деревенский дом) Reading Pages 30–31 3.7 housing (n) /ˈhaʊzɪŋ/ houses, flats,
etc. that people live in ● It isn’t easy to find cheap housing in London. Flats near the centre are so
expensive! ➣ house (n, v) ❖ жилье 3.8 affordable (adj) /ə ˈfɔːdəbl/ not too expensive to buy ●
Electric cars are so expensive that they aren’t affordable for most people. ➣ afford (v) ❖ доступный
3.9 income (n) /ˈ ɪŋkʌm/ money you earn ● My income has dropped since the business closed and I
lost my job. ❖ доход 3.10 resilient (adj) /rɪ ˈ zɪliənt/ strong, tough and not easily damaged or hurt ●
The roof is made from resilient materials to protect the house against all weather conditions. ➣
resilience (n) ❖ крепкий, выносливый 3.11 contribute (v) /kənˈtrɪbjuːt/ help to make sth happen ●
The strong wind and hot dry weather contributed to the wildfire. ➣ contribution (n) ❖
способствовать 3.12 landfill (n) /ˈlændfɪl/ a hole in the ground where rubbish is dumped ● There is a
landfill near here and it often smells terrible because of the rubbish. ❖ мусорная свалка 3.13
climate change (n) /ˈklaɪmət ʧeɪnʤ/ changing global weather patterns ● Scientists warn that we
should take measures to protect our communities from the effects of climate change. ❖ изменение
климата 3.14 engineer (v) / ˌ enʤɪˈ nɪə(r)/ design and build ● That car is engineered to run on
electricity instead of petrol. ➣ engineer, engineering (n) ❖ создавать, строить, проектировать 3.15
incorporate (v) /ɪnˈkɔːpəreɪt/ include more than one thing ● Architects have incorporated a solar
heating system into the house design. ➣ incorporation (n) ❖ включать (в состав чего-либо) 3.16
eventually (adv) /ɪ ˈ venʧuəli/ at the end of a process or a long period of time ● Eventually, my
brother decided not to buy the flat. ❖ в конце концов 3.17 ensure (v) /ɪnˈʃʊə(r)/ make sure sth is
done or happens ● Ensure that you have locked the door when you leave the house. ❖
обеспечивать, убеждаться 3.18 layer (n) /ˈleɪə(r)/ a level on top of another level ● If you study the
layers of rock, you can learn a lot about how the land was formed. ➣ layer (v) ❖ слой 3.19 concrete
(n) /ˈkɒŋkriːt/ a substance made from cement and used to build with ● The walls of this building are
made of concrete. ❖ бетон © Cengage Learning, Inc. 3.20 stand up to (sth) (phr v) /stænd ʌp tuː (ˈ
sʌmθɪŋ)/ stay in good condition and not be easily damaged by sth ● This lightweight fabric is
designed to stand up to the cold and rain. ❖ противостоять ✎ Syn: withstand 3.21 factor (n)
/ˈfæktə(r)/ sth that affects sth else ● Energy costs are a major factor to consider when buying a
home. ❖ фактор 3.22 construction site (n) /kənˈstrʌkʃn ˌsaɪt/ an area of land where a house or other
building is being built ● Building work on a new shopping mall has begun on the construction site. ➣
construct (v) ❖ участок под строительство ✎ Syn: building site 3.23 combat (v) /ˈkɒmbæt/ prevent
a bad situation from happening or getting worse; fight against ● More police patrols could combat
crime in the neighbourhood. ➣ combat (n) ❖ вести бой, бороться 3.24 homelessness (n)
/ˈhəʊmləsnəs/ the state of being without a home to stay in ● The rate of homelessness has risen
dramatically due to the financial crisis. ➣ homeless (adj) ❖ бездомность 3.25 non-profit (n) /nɒn- ˈ
prɒfɪt/ a charity ● The SPCA is a non-profit in the UK which raises money for animals in need. ➣ non-
profit (adj) ❖ некоммерческая организация 3.26 capability (n) / ˌ keɪpə ˈbɪləti/ the ability to do sth
● Passing the exam is within his capabilities if he studies enough. ➣ capable (adj) ❖ способность
3.27 3D-printed (adj) / θriː ˈdiː ˌ ˌprɪntɪd/ created using a machine that copies from a plan making a
shape that has length, depth and width ● One drawback of 3D-printed houses is that they may only
last 50 to 60 years. ➣ 3D printer (n) ❖ созданный по технологии трехмерной печати 3.28 secure
(adj) /sɪ ˈkjʊə(r)/ safe or protected ● Are you sure the roof of the building is secure enough to
withstand storms? ➣ security (n) ❖ надежный, безопасный ✎ Opp: insecure 3.29 humanised
(adj) /ˈhjuːmənaɪzd/ made more pleasant and comfortable for humans ● School buildings have
become much more humanised in recent years. ➣ humanise (v) ❖ очеловеченный ✎ Opp:
dehumanised 3.30 outline (n) /ˈ aʊtlaɪn/ a description of the main points of sth ● Hilary gave a brief
outline of her new business plan. ➣ outline (v) ❖ краткое изложение 3.31 reliant (upon) (adj) /rɪ
ˈlaɪənt (ə ˈ pɒn)/ needing sth/sb in order to function or succeed ● The project is reliant upon
government funding. ➣ rely (v), reliable (adj) ❖ зависеть от кого-либо/чего-либо ✎ Also: reliant
(on) ✎ Syn: dependent (on/ upon) 3.32 3D printer (n) / θriː diː ˈ ˌ prɪntə(r)/ a machine that copies
from a plan making a shape that has length, depth and width ● Although 3D printers can save on
transport costs, the most common material they use is plastic, which is harmful for the environment.
➣ 3D-printed (adj) ❖ 3D-принтер 3.33 shortage (n) /ˈʃɔːtɪdʒ/ a situation where there isn’t enough of
sth needed ● The country is suffering from a water shortage caused by the lack of rain. ➣ short (adj)
❖ нехватка ✎ Syn: lack 3.34 developer (n) /dɪ ˈveləpə(r)/ a person or company that buys land or
property to build new buildings or renovate old ones to make a profit ● When developers began to
build houses on the field next to his quiet home, Alan decided it was time to move out. ➣ develop
(v), development (n), developed (adj) ❖ строитель, строительная фирма 3.35 social housing (n) / ˌ
səʊʃl ˈhaʊzɪŋ/ homes provided by a local council or other organisation in the UK with low rents or
prices ● Social housing in the UK is a good option for families on low incomes. ❖ муниципальное
жилье ✎ Syn: public housing (US Eng) 3.36 team up (with) (phr v) /tiːm ʌp (wɪθ)/ join to work
together (with) ● The wealthy company owner teamed up with local volunteers to provide free
meals for homeless people. ❖ объединяться с кем-либо 3.37 standard (adj) /ˈstændəd/ usually
done or accepted ● 3D printing is completely different from standard building methods. ➣ standard
(n), standardise (v) ❖ стандартный, обычный 3.38 foundations (n pl) /faʊnˈdeɪʃns/ the base of a
building ● The house was damaged by the earthquake because its foundations were too close to the
river. ❖ основание, фундамент 3.39 withstand (v) /wɪðˈstænd/ be strong enough not to be
damaged by sth ● Glass can withstand extreme temperatures of heat or cold without breaking. ❖
выдержать, устоять 3.40 customise (v) /ˈkʌstəmaɪz/ make changes to sth to suit your preferences ●
You can customise your laptop by changing the photo on the screen. ❖ выполнять по
индивидуальному заказу © Cengage Learning, Inc. 3.41 homeless (adj) /ˈhəʊmləs/ not having a
home ● The homeless man spent the night sleeping under a road bridge. ➣ homelessness (n) ❖
бездомный Vocabulary Page 32 3.42 spacious (adj) /ˈ speɪʃəs/ having a lot of space ● He lives in a
spacious villa in a wealthy neighbourhood. ➣ space (n), spaciously (adv) ❖ просторный 3.43
exclusive (adj) /ɪksˈkluːsɪv/ expensive and only available to a few people who can afford it ● He’s a
member of an exclusive golf club. ➣ exclusivity (n) ❖ эксклюзивный, привилегированный 3.44
ensuite (adj) / ɒ̃ ˈswiːt/ ˌ (of a bathroom or toilet) joined onto a bedroom for the private use of
people in that room ● I booked a room with an ensuite bathroom as I wouldn’t like to share one with
other hotel guests! ❖ санузел 3.45 master bedroom (n) /ˈ mɑːstə ˈbedruːm/ the largest or main
bedroom in a house ● The master bedroom has a view of the garden, while the smaller bedrooms
face the street. ❖ спальня хозяев 3.46 courtyard (n) /ˈkɔːtjɑːd/ an open space that is part of a large
building and is surrounded partly or completely by walls ● The castle was built around a courtyard,
where public events took place. ❖ внутренний двор 3.47 refurbished (adj) / ˌ riːˈfɜːbɪʃt/ changed,
decorated or repaired to make it look new ● He bought a refurbished old guitar that plays perfectly.
➣ refurbishment (n), refurbish (v) ❖ отремонтированный, обновленный 3.48 furnished (adj)
/ˈfɜːnɪʃt/ which has furniture ● We rented a furnished house by the sea for a month. ➣ furnishing,
furniture (n), furnish (v) ❖ меблированный 3.49 auction (n) /ˈ ɔːkʃn/ public sale where the person
who offers the highest price buys the item ● I sold some old furniture on an online auction and made
some money. ➣ auction (v) ❖ аукцион 3.50 terraced house (n) /terɪst haʊs/ a house that is joined
on both sides to other houses ● There are rows of traditional terraced houses in most British cities.
❖ один из ряда домов, построенных вплотную друг к другу 3.51 overlook (v) / əʊvə ˈlʊk/ ˌ have a
view of ● Our bedroom overlooked the busy street, so it was rather noisy at night. ❖ выходить на
или в (например об окне) © Cengage Learning, Inc. 3.52 maintain (v) /meɪnˈteɪn/ do repairs to sth
and keep it in good condition ● The previous tenant had maintained the flat by painting and
decorating it as if it was her own place. ➣ maintenance (n) ❖ поддерживать, сохранять, содержать
3.53 exterior (n) /ɪkˈstɪəriə(r)/ the outside parts of a building ● The exterior of the house, which faces
the street, is in need of repair to the brickwork. ➣ exterior (adj) ❖ экстерьер 3.54 interior (n) /ɪn
ˈtɪəriə(r)/ the inside of a building ● The interior of the hotel has been completely refurbished. ➣
interior (adj) ❖ интерьер ˈ 3.55 renovation (n) / renə ˌ veɪʃn/ the inside of a building ● When we
reached the museum, a sign said it was closed for renovation. ➣ renovate (v) ❖ реконструкция,
ремонт, реставрация 3.56 vacant (adj) /ˈ veɪkənt/ empty; not being used ● She drove around for
ages, looking for a vacant parking space. ➣ vacate (v), vacancy (n) ❖ незанятый, свободный 3.57
deposit (n) /dɪ ˈ pɒzɪt/ an amount of money you give as the first part of a large payment ● If you rent
a flat here, it’s common to pay a deposit of one month’s rent in advance. ➣ deposit (v) ❖ задаток
3.58 homeowner (n) /ˈhəʊməʊnə(r)/ sb who owns a house or flat ● One advantage of being a
homeowner is that you can decorate your property to suit your own style. ❖ домовладелец 3.59 let
(v) /let/ rent ● They arranged to let the house to a local couple. ➣ let (n) ❖ сдавать внаем 3.60
mortgage (n) /ˈ mɔːɡɪdʒ/ a repayable amount borrowed from a bank, etc., to buy property ● Rosie
rents a house as she can’t get a mortgage to buy one. ➣ mortgage (v) ❖ ипотека ˈ 3.61 repayment
(n) /rɪ peɪmənt/ an amount given to pay back money that was borrowed ● He arranged the
repayment of his car loan over four years. ➣ repay (v) ❖ возврат (долга), возмещение 3.62 tenant
(n) /ˈtenənt/ sb sho pays rent for the house, flat, etc. they live in ● The tenants in Matilda’s house
hadn’t paid the rent for two months. ❖ арендатор 3.63 extension (n) /ɪkˈstenʃn/ a new room or
other extra part added to a building ● They applied for permission to build an extension with a new
kitchen at the back of their house. ➣ extend (v) ❖ пристройка 3.64 floor plan (n) /ˈflɔː plæn/ a
drawing like a map showing the shape of a room or building, showing the position of rooms or
furniture ● The floor plan gave a good idea of how much space they would have for furniture in each
office. ❖ план-схема помещения 3.65 loft (n) /lɒft/ a room or storage space under the roof in the
top part of a building ● He renovated the loft of his house to use it as a music studio. ❖ чердак 3.66
crane (n) /kreɪn/ a tall piece of equipment for lifting heavy things and moving them ● At the harbour,
we saw a huge crane lifting a yacht out of the sea. ❖ подъемный кран 3.67 layout (n) /ˈleɪaʊt/ the
way the parts of sth are arranged as planned ● We removed the wall between the dining room and
the kitchen to change the layout of our home. ➣ lay out (phr v) ❖ оформление, планировка 3.68
conservation area (n) / kɒnsə ˈ ˌ veɪʃn ˈeəriə/ an area where the natural environment is protected
from being damaged ● They shouldn’t build a hotel here in the conservation area. It’s supposed to
be a safe home for plants and wildlife. ❖ заповедник 3.69 décor (n) /ˈdeɪkɔː(r)/ the style that a place
is decorated in ● Although the restaurant décor was quite old-fashioned, the food was excellent. ➣
decorate (v) ❖ декор, предметы интерьера 3.70 feature (n) /ˈfiːʧə(r)/ a particular quality of sth ●
The bright and spacious living room is an attractive feature of the property. ➣ feature (v) ❖
особенность, функция 3.71 artificial (adj) /ɑːtɪˈfɪʃl/ man-made ● We’ve decorated the room with
artificial plants as there isn’t enough light for real ones. ❖ искусственный 3.72 be set (phr) /biː set/
be located ● The wooden chalets were set in a valley near the forest. ❖ постоянный, твердо
установленный 3.73 bonus (n) /ˈbəʊnʌs/ an extra benefit ● Living so close to the park is a huge
bonus. It’s almost like being in the countryside. ❖ бонус Adjectives 3D-printed affordable artificial
ensuite exclusive furnished refurbished residential resilient secure spacious vacant auction deposit
bonus income mortgage repayment Grammar Page 33 3.74 solar power (n) /ˈ səʊlə ˈ paʊə(r)/ energy
from the sun ● Solar power is often used to heat water in sunny Mediterranean countries. ❖
солнечная энергия 3.75 estate agent (n) /ɪ ˈsteɪt ˈ eɪdʒənt/ a person whose job is to sell houses and
land ● The estate agent showed us around a few vacant flats before we decided to buy one. ❖ агент
по продаже недвижимости 3.76 bricklaying (n) /ˈbrɪkleɪɪŋ/ the activity using bricks to build sth ●
Bricklaying has to be done properly to build walls that will stay up. ➣ bricklayer (n) ❖ кладка
кирпича 3.77 housing estate (n) /ˈhaʊzɪŋ ɪ ˈsteɪt/ an area of streets where homes are built at the
same time by the same developer ● Most of the town’s residents live on housing estates about a
mile from the centre. ❖ жилой микрорайон 3.78 arrangement (n) /ə ˈ reɪndʒmənt/ a plan or
agreement to do sth ●They’re making arrangements to get married. ➣ arrange (v) ❖
приготовления, договоренность 3.79 intention (n) /ɪnˈtenʃn/ a plan or purpose ● It is my intention
to build my own home whenever I can afford it. ➣ intend (v), intentional (adj), intentionally (adv) ❖
намерение 3.80 renovate (v) /ˈ renəveɪt/ make like new ● The old kitchen needed renovating to
make it more modern. ➣ renovation (n) ❖ реконструировать, ремонтировать, реставрировать
Listening Page 34 3.81 appeal (to) (v) /ə ˈpiːl (tuː)/ be attractive or interesting to sb ● Living in the
crowded city centre doesn’t appeal to me. ➣ appeal (n), appealing (adj) ❖ привлекать 3.82 get
(v) /get/ understand ● I still don’t get what you’re talking about. Can you please explain it? ❖
понимать © Cengage Learning, Inc. 3.83 satisfactory (adj) / sætɪsˈfæktəri/ ˌ good enough to meet a
required standard ● On the whole, the hotel room was satisfactory, though pretty average. ➣ satisfy
(v), satisfaction (n) ❖ удовлетворительный ✎ Opp: unsatisfactory 3.84 manual (adj) /ˈmænjʊəl/
carried out by hand ● Manual labour is used to install water pipes and electrical wiring in new
homes. ❖ ручной, физический 3.85 achievement (n) /ə ˈʧiːvmənt/ sth that sb succeeds in doing ●
Getting the keys for her new home gave Greta a great sense of achievement. ➣ achievable (adj),
achieve (v) ❖ достижение 3.86 desire (n) /dɪ ˈ zaɪə(r)/ a wish; a need ● The house looked so strange
that I had a strong desire to laugh. ➣ desirable (adj), desire (v) ❖ мечта, желание 3.87 overpriced
(adj) /əʊvə ˈ praɪst/ more expensive than sth is worth ● The homes on this estate are overpriced.
Normal people can’t afford to buy them. ❖ слишком дорогой 3.88 appreciate (v) /ə ˈpriːʃɪeɪt/
understand how good sb/sth is ● I appreciate all your help. I couldn’t have done everything by
myself. ➣ appreciation (n), appreciative (adj) ❖ быть признательным 3.89 be opposed to (expr) /biː
ə ˈ pəʊzd tuː/ disagree with sth such as a plan or idea and try to stop it ● Many local residents are
opposed to the new social housing development. ➣ opposed (adj), opposing (adj), opposition (n) ❖
быть против чего-либо Speaking Page 35 3.90 point out (phr v) /pɔɪnt aʊt/ draw attention to ● The
building inspector pointed out where the earthquake had caused cracks in the walls. ❖ указывать,
отмечать 3.91 friendliness (n) /ˈfrendlinəs/ the quality of being friendly ● We were impressed by the
friendliness of the local people. ➣ friendly (adj), friend (n) ❖ дружелюбие 3.92 preferable (adj)
/ˈprefrəbl/ better or more suitable ● An ensuite bedroom would be preferable if it’s available. ➣
prefer (v), preference (n), preferably (adj) ❖ предпочтительный 3.93 catch (v) /kæʧ/ hear or
understand ● I didn’t catch your first name. Could you repeat it? ❖ расслышать, уловить © Cengage
Learning, Inc. Grammar Page 36 3.94 be due to (expr) /biː djuː tuː/ be arranged or expected to
happen ● Work is due to begin on the construction site next month. ❖ ожидаемый,
обусловленный LOOK! The phrase due to has two meanings: Work is due to begin on the
construction site next month. (it's expected) The work was delayed due to flooding. (because of) 3.95
3.96 be on the point of (expr) /biː ɒn ðə pɔɪnt əvː/ be ready to do sth at that moment ● She was on
the point of locking the door when she realised she’d left her keys in the house. ❖ быть на грани
чего-либо ✎ Syn: be about to / be on the verge of be on the verge of (expr) /biː ɒn ðə vɜːdʒ əvː/ be
ready to do sth at that moment or very soon ● The earthquake struck just as we were on the verge of
going to bed. ❖ быть на грани чего-либо ✎ Syn: be about to / be on the point of 3.97 be to (do sth)
(expr) /biː tuː (duː ˈ sʌmθɪŋ)/ be expected or supposed to (do sth) ● They were to move into their
new home this week, but the building still requires some work. ❖ ожидается 3.98 be about to (expr)
/biː ə ˈbaʊt tuː/ be ready to do sth at that moment or very soon ● The child looked as if he was about
to start crying. ❖ собираться сделать что-либо ✎ Syn: be on the point of / be on the verge of 3.99
honestly (adv) /ˈ ɒnɪstli/ used to emphasise that you believe what you say is true ● Quite honestly, I
don’t think 3D homes will become popular. ❖ в самом деле, честно 3.100 stuff (n) /stʌf/
possessions in general ● Will you please put your stuff away and clean your room? ❖ вещи, утварь
3.101 policy (n) /ˈ pɒləsi/ a way of doing sth that has been officially decided by a government ● The
environment minister explained the government’s new policy for recycling. ❖ политика Use your
English Page 37 3.102 close to home (expr) /kləʊs tə həʊm/ connected with you personally in a way
that makes you uncomfortable ● He was upset by the comments as they were too close to home. ❖
сугубо личного характера 3.103 get on like a house on fire (expr) /get ɒn laɪk ə haʊs ɒn faɪ(r)/ get on
well ● Jackie and her colleagues get on like a house on fire, which makes it a happy work
environment. ❖ быстрыми темпами продвигаться вперед, делать большие успехи 3.104 home
from home (expr) /həʊm frəm həʊm/ somewhere that you spend a lot of time and feel very
comfortable ● They’ve been to the island so often that it’s become a home from home. ❖ как дома,
второй дом 3.105 on the house (expr) /ɒn ðə haʊs/ offered free of charge ● At the end of our meal,
the restaurant owner gave us dessert on the house. ❖ за счет заведения, бесплатно 3.106 put in an
offer (expr) /pʊt ɪn ɒn ˈ ɒffə(r)/ make a formal offer for consideration ● We put in an offer for the flat
that was just above the starting price. ❖ внести предложение 3.107 put (sth) on the market
(expr) /pʊt (ˈ sʌmθɪŋ) ɒn ðə ˈ mɑːkət/ offer sth for sale ● When he decided to move abroad, he put
his house on the market. ❖ выпустить в продажу 3.108 put aside (phr v) /pʊt ə ˈ saɪd/ save for later
● I’m trying to put aside a little money every month to save up for a holiday. ❖ откладывать
(деньги) 3.109 put up (phr v) /pʊt ʌp/ build or place sth ● The neighbours have put up a high wall
around their garden. ❖ возводить 3.110 put my foot down (expr) /pʊt maɪ fʊt daʊn/ make a
decision and be strict about it ● His mother put her foot down and wouldn’t allow him to go out the
night before his exam. ❖ занять твердую позицию 3.111 insist (v) /ɪnˈsɪst/ say firmly that sb must
accept sth ● She insisted on paying for everyone’s meal. ➣ insistence (n), insistent (adj) ❖
настаивать 3.112 put your mind to it (expr) /pʊt jɔː maɪnd tuː ɪt/ decide to focus your attention to
achieve it ● I’m sure you’ll get the job if you put your mind to it. ❖ сосредоточиться на чем-либо
3.113 put up with (phr v) /pʊt ʌp wɪθ/ tolerate ● I can’t put up with driving in busy traffic. I prefer to
walk or use public transport. ❖ терпеть кого-либо/что-либо 3.114 lay (v) /leɪ/ put sth in a particular
position ● It took the builders weeks to lay the foundations for the house. ❖ класть, положить что-
либо 3.115 revolutionise (v) /revə ˈluːʃənaɪz/ change sth completely ● Smartphones have
revolutionised mobile phone technology. ➣ revolution (n), revolutionary (adj) ❖ преображать
коренным образом 3.116 fungus (n) /ˈfʌŋɡəs/ an organism like a plant without leaves that grows in
damp areas and on plants or trees ● I threw away the bread, which was covered in fungus. ➣ fungal
(adj) ❖ гриб, грибок ✎ Plural: fungi /ˈfʌŋɡiː/ 3.117 emerge (v) /iˈmɜːdʒ/ appear out of sth or out
from behind sth ● It was almost midday before my brother emerged from his room. ❖ появляться,
возникать 3.118 renewable (adj) /rɪ ˈnjuːəbl/ Renewable energy is replaced naturally or easily so that
there is always enough of it. ● Wind and water are renewable energy sources. ➣ renew (v) ❖
возобновляемый 3.119 biodegradable (adj) /ˌ baɪəʊdɪ ˈɡreɪdəbl/ that can be naturally decomposed
● It’s a pity that so many apparently environmentally friendly foods are sold wrapped in plastic which
is not biodegradable. ➣ biodegrade (v) ❖ разлагаемый ✎ Opp: non-biodegradable 3.120 reproduce
(v) / ˌriːprə ˈdjuːs/ make sth again very like sth else already created; make something happen again ●
The band have reproduced all their old hits on a new album. ❖ воспроизводить 3.121 heal (v) /hiːl/
If a wound or a broken bone heals, the flesh, skin or bone grows back together and becomes healthy
again. ● His broken arm has healed so quickly that he’s already playing tennis again. ❖ заживать
3.122 crack (n) /kræk/ a gap or a line on the surface of sth that is damaged ● There were massive
cracks in the walls after the earthquake. ➣ crack (v) ❖ трещина Expressions be about to be due to
be on the point of be on the verge of be to (do sth) close to home get on like a house on fire home
from home make yourself at home! on the house put (sth) on the market put in an offer put my foot
down put your mind to it Writing Pages 38–39 3.123 evaluation (n) /ɪvæljuˈeɪʃn/ making a judgement
● Building inspectors carried out an evaluation of the construction work. ➣ evaluate (v) ❖ оценка,
определение © Cengage Learning, Inc. 3.124 youth hostel (n) /juːθ ˈhɒstl/ a building where young
people can stay cheaply for a holiday ● When the rain got too heavy, we packed up our tents and
found cheap accommodation in a youth hostel for the night. ❖ молодежная гостиница, хостел
3.125 dormitory (n) /ˈdɔːmətri/ a room with many beds for people to sleep in, usually in a school or
hostel ● We didn’t get much sleep in the youth hostel dormitory because somebody was snoring
loudly all night. ❖ общежитие 3.126 communal (adj) /kə ˈmjuːnl/ shared by a group of people ● As a
student, she rented a room in a flat and shared the communal kitchen. ➣ communally (adv) ❖
общественный ✎ Syn: shared 3.127 disturb (v) /dɪ ˈstɜːb/ interrupt, bother ● Please don’t disturb
me while I’m doing an online lesson. ➣ disturbance (n) ❖ мешать, беспокоить 3.128 feedback (n)
/ˈfiːdbæk/ comments about how useful or successful sth is ● My tutor gave me useful comments in
her feedback on my essay. ❖ ответная реакция, отклик 3.129 carpenter (n) /ˈkɑːpɪntə(r)/ sb who
makes things out of wood ● The carpenter made this wooden bookcase. ❖ плотник 3.130 arise
(v) /ə ˈ raɪz/ happen ● An unexpected difficulty has arisen and I think we should inform our manager.
❖ возникать 3.131 colleague (n) /ˈkɒliːɡ/ sb you work with ● Sam gets on well with most of his
colleagues at the office. ❖ коллега 3.132 infrastructure (n) /ˈ ɪnfrə ˌ strʌkʧə(r)/ facilities that make a
place function ● Funding for the infrastructure of the community should lead to better roads and
facilities. ❖ инфраструктура 3.133 productive (adj) /prə ˈdʌktɪv/ achieving a lot ● You’ll probably
feel more productive after a short refreshing break. ➣ produce (v), productively (adv), production (n)
❖ плодотворный, продуктивный 3.134 take (sth) into account (adj) /teɪk (ˈ sʌmθɪŋ) ɪntu ə ˈkaʊnt/
consider particular facts to include them when making a decision ● Developers should take the
needs of local people into account. ❖ учитывать ✎ Syn: take account of sth © Cengage Learning,
Inc. Types of accommodation chalet high-rise bungalow terraced house youth hostel loft social
housing carpenter colleague developer estate agent homeowner tenant Live well, study well Page 40
3.135 identity (n) /aɪ ˈdentəti/ who sb is ● The cultural identity of some people is shown in the way
they dress. ➣ identify (v), identification (n) ❖ личность, отличительные черты, индивидуальность
3.136 acceptance (n) /əkˈseptəns/ approval; the quality of accepting sth which may be difficult ● He
had to sign a form to show his acceptance of the club rules. ➣ accept (v), acceptable (ad) ❖
принятие 3.137 look up to (phr v) /luːk ʌp tuː/ admire and respect ● Caroline looks up to her older
sister, who has just completed her Master's degree in Engineering. ❖ уважать, восхищаться 3.138
principle (n) /ˈ prɪnsɪpl/ a personal belief about what is the right thing to do ● It’s against my
principles to lie to my friends. ❖ принцип 3.139 values (n pl) /væljuːz/ standards that you believe
are right and fair ● People in the village still live according to traditional family values. ➣ value (v),
valuable (adj) ❖ ценности (моральные) 3.140 natural history (n) / ˌ næʧrəl ˈhɪstri/ the scientific
study of plants and animals ● I’m very interested in natural history and enjoy taking photos of
wildlife. ❖ естествознание 3.141 element (n) /ˈelɪmənt/ a necessary or normal part of sth ● Support
and trust are the most important elements of a good relationship. ➣ elementary (adj) ❖ элемент,
составная часть ✎ Syn: feature; aspect 3.142 laid-back (adj) /leɪd bak/ relaxed, not strict ● The
teacher is quite laid- back, so she won’t mind if your homework is a day late. ❖ непринужденный,
спокойный 3.143 ambitious (adj) /æmˈbɪʃəs/ determined to be successful, rich, etc. ● Nadeen is
ambitious and she wants to set up her own construction company. ➣ ambition (n) ❖
целеустремленный 3.144 fun-loving (adj) /ˈfʌn ˌ lʌvɪŋ/ liking to enjoy yourself ● Miguel is a fun-
loving person and loves organising parties. ❖ любитель повеселиться 3.145 3.146 can’t stand (expr)
/kænt ˈstænd/ strongly dislike ● I can’t stand people who bully others. ❖ не выносить
кого-либо/что-либо be obsessed (with) (expr) /biː əbˈsest (wɪθ)/ think about or talk about sb/sth all
the time in a way that fills your thoughts ● My brother is completely obsessed with playing computer
games. ➣ obsess (v), obsessive (adj), obsessively (adv), obsession (n) ❖ быть всецело увлеченным
кем-либо/чем- либо Phrasal verbs look up to point out put aside put up put up with stand up to
team up (with)
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