SPOTS EXERCISE
Reproductive and Child
Health
MCP Card
Iron and folic acid tablets
Folic Acid
Tab. Albendazole
Tab. Calcium carbonate
Paracetamol suspension
Oral Rehydration Salt
Salter’s Scale
WHO Growth chart
Panjeeri
Contraceptives
Nirodh (condom)
Mala N
Chhaya
CHHAYA (CENTCHROMAN)
• What is Chayya?
∙ Chhaya is a non-hormonal, non-steroidal, once a week contraceptive pill.
• How does it work?
∙ Chhaya prevents implantation of fertilized egg in the uterus.
• How is it used?
∙ Take one pill twice a week for the first 3 months
∙ From 4th month take pill once a week on the first pill day
∙ The first pill can be taken on the first day of the menstrual cycle or any other day provided pregnancy has been ruled out
∙ After finishing one pack, take the first pill from next pack on scheduled day
• Advantages:
∙ Chhaya is an effective reversible method of contraception
∙ It is safe for women of all age groups.
∙ It is safe for breastfeeding women, even immediately after childbirth
∙ Return to fertility on stopping the pills is prompt.
• Failure rate: Centchroman (Chhaya) marketed as Saheli has a failure rate of only 1.63% (Pearl index: 1.83/HWY).
Antara
ANTARA(INJECTABLE CONTRACEPTIVE-MPA)
What is Injectable contraceptive (MPA)?
∙ Injectable contraceptive (MPA) is a hormonal contraceptive method for women that prevents pregnancy for three months.
How does it work?
∙ It prevents monthly ovulation, thickens cervical mucus thus blocking sperms from meeting eggs.
∙ Makes implantation of fertilized egg difficult
How is it used?
∙ Get an injection every 3 months
∙ It can easily be administered in the arms, thighs or buttocks
∙ The date of subsequent dose may be remembered from MPA card provided.
Why injectable is the right choice?
∙ It is a long-term effective, reversible method of contraception
∙ Suitable for breastfeeding women (after 6 weeks of childbirth)
DMPA has a failure rate of 0.3% when the drug is used correctly. It means it can fail in about 3 out of 1000 women
∙ Ensures user privacy
Failure rate:
• .
Copper-T 380A
Emergency pills
• Emergency contraception is a way to prevent pregnancy after unprotected sex. Often called the morning-
after pill, emergency contraceptive pills (ECPs) are pills that can be taken up to 120 hours (5 days) after
having unprotected sex. Some types of emergency contraception work best when taken within 72 hours
(3 days) after intercourse.
• Emergency contraceptive pills work by delaying ovulation (the release of an egg during the monthly
cycle). If fertilization and implantation have already happened, ECPs will not interrupt the pregnancy.
• Side Effects:
∙ Nausea
∙ Vomiting
∙ breast tenderness
∙ headaches
∙ Spotting
• Failure rate:
About 1 or 2 in every 100 women who use ECPs will become pregnant despite taking the pills within 72
hours after having unprotected sex.
Vaccines and cold chain
Live Vaccines
Rota Virus Vaccine BCG Vaccine OPV
MR
Killed Vaccine
Pentavalent DPT IPV
Polysaccaride Vaccines
Typhoid Vaccine
Vitamin A
Ice pack
Vaccine carrier
Deep Freezer
ICE LINED REFRIGERATOR( ILR)
STERILIZATION AND
DISINFECTION
Chemical Agents
Quaternary Halogen and
ammonia their Alcohols
compounds compounds
Isopropyl
70%v/v
Alcohol
Purified
100%v/v
water
Cetrimide 3.0% w/v
Chlorhexidi
ne 0.3% w/v
Gluconate
Chlorhexidi
ne 0.5% w/v
Gluconate
Ethyl
70% v/v
Alcohol
Tablet 500mg
Chlorine
25mg
content
ENTOMOLOGY
AND
ENVIRONMENT
INSECTA
COMMON CHARACTERISTICS:
• Body divided into head, thorax and abdomen
• 3 pairs of legs and one pair of antennae
• Wings: one or two pairs; some are wingless
Includes: MOSQUITOES, HOUSEFLY, SANDFLY,
HUMAN LICE AND FLEAS
MOSQUITO LARVA
Long Short
No
siphon siphon
siphon
tube tube
tube
MOSQUITO ADULT
No spots on
wings
No strips on
legs
HOUSEFLY
◦ Mouse gray in color,Body is
covered with sticky
hairs(tenet hairs),Large
compound eyes,Retractile
proboscis,Dark logitudinal
stripes on thorax,Dark and
light marking on abdomen,
leg has pair of pads.
PUPA
HOUSEFLY
CHARCTERISTICS:
Pupa are dark brown
Barrel shaped
SANDFLY
◦ CHARCTERISTICS:
Head: hairy antennae, palpi and
proboscis
Thorax: pair of wings and three
pairs of legs. Wings are lanceolate
in shape, upright and densely hairy.
The second longitudinal vein
branches twice, first branching
occurring in middle of wings. The
legs are longer as compared to
body.
HEAD LOUSE
CHARCTERISTICS:
Head: pointed head in front and
bears a pair of 5 jointed antennae.
Thorax: Fused mass –square
shaped. 3 pair of legs attached
ventrally to thorax
Abdomen: elongated and has 9
segments. Pointed in males and
bilobed in females
ARACHNIDA
COMMON CHARACTERISTICS:
• Body: cephalothorax and abdomen ( no
division)
• 4 pairs of legs and no antennae
• wingless
Includes: TICKS AND MITES
RAT FLEA
CHARCTERISTICS:
Head: Conical shape,
head attached to thorax
without a neck. Head has
conspicuous mouth parts
projecting downwards
from head
Thorax: NO wings and
three pairs of legs
attached to thorax.
Body covered with
backwardly directed
strong bristles.
HARD TICK
• Body is oval,gray white in color.
• Rectangular head at anterior
end
• Head ,thorax,abdomen are
fused(indisdinct)
• Four pairs of legs,no antennae,
No wings
• Dorsum is covered by chitinous
shield(scutum)
.
SOFT
TICK
✔ Oval shaped leathery body
✔ Sufficiently big head
✔ Head lies ventrally
✔ Not visible from above
✔ No antennae
✔ Four pairs of legs no wings
✔ Scutum is absent
Maggots
SAND FILTERS
CHLOROSCOPE
Insecticide
Larvicides
Temephos
Adulticide
Repellants
Health Education
Newspaper
Poster
Chart
Flip Chart
Pamphlet
Leaflet
BMW management
Nutrition
Pulses
Soyabean Lobia
Pulses
Lentils (Masoor dal) Rajma dal
Whole red gram Black gram
Bengal gram Bengal gram flour (Besan)
Green gram Khesari dal
Cereals and millets
Maize Wheat
Bajra Jowar
Ric Ragi flour Samolina (suji)
e
Oil seeds
Mustard seeds Mustard Oil
Egg Mil
k
Miscellaneous
Yellow fever
vaccine
Anti-Malarial Drugs
Anti Tuberculosis Drugs
Anti- Leprosy drugs
Logos
