Enclonar, Kimberly / MLS 3A

o Neighborhood
Biosaefty & Biosecurity • Secondary containment barrier/Engineering controls
January 19, 2021 o Examples:
Anna-Lee B. Bandoy, RMT, MSMT ▪ Lab area separate from public access
▪ Decontamination facility
Waste Management ▪ Handwashing facility
Yellow with Black band Chemicals
Orange Radioactive
Black Non-infectious DRY
Green Non-infectious WET
Yellow Infectious (double bagging)
Red Sharps
Blue Non-infectious Recyclable

Principles of Biosafety
• Fundamental objective of any biosafety program is
the containment of potentially harmful biological
agents.
• Purpose of containment is to reduce or eliminate
exposure of laboratory workers, other persons, and
the outside environment to potentially hazardous
agents. Sterilization 121C 15 mins 15psi
Decontamination 132C for 30-60mins 15psi
Biosafety Concepts Handwashing 20s
Laboratory Practices and Techniques
• Most important concept/strict adherence Risk Assessment
• Personnel must be: Classification of Microorganisms to Risk Groups
o Aware of potential hazard Category Description
o Trained and proficient in practices and Risk group 1 - A microorganisms that is unlikely to cause
techniques No or low disease in humans and animals
• Director or person in charge is responsible for: individual and
o Appropriate laboratory facilities, and community
o Training personnel BSL1
• Adoption or creation of biosafety and operations
manual Risk Group 2 - A pathogen that can cause human or
Moderate animal disease but is unlikely to be a
Safety Equipment individual risk, serious hazard to laboratory workers, the
• Remove or minimize exposures to hazardous low community community, livestock, or the
biological materials risk environment. Laboratory exposure may
• Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) BSL2 cause serious infections, but effective
o Gloves, coats, gowns, shoe covers, boots, treatment and preventive measures are
respirators, face shields, safety glasses, or available and the risk of spread of
goggles infection is limited.
o DONNING Risk group 3 - A pathogen that usually causes serious
▪ Shoe covers High individual disease in humans or animals but does
▪ Gown risk, low not ordinarily spread from one infected
▪ Mask community risk individual to another. Effective treatment
▪ Goggles/Head cap BSL3 and preventive measures are available.
▪ Gloves
o DOFFING Risk group 4 - A pathogen that usually causes serious
high individual diseases in humans and animals and can
▪ Shoe covers
and community be readily transmitted from one
▪ Gloves
risk individual to another, directly or
▪ Goggles/Head cap
BSL4 indirectly. Effective treatment and
▪ Gown
preventive measures are not usually
▪ Mask
available.
• Primary Containment barrier
o Biological safety cabinets
o Covered or ventilated animal cage Biosafety Levels
• Anteroom • Combination of laboratory practices and procedures,
safety equipment (primary barriers) and laboratory
RITM – reference center for all infectious disease facilities (secondary barriers)
• Guidelines for working safely in research and medical
Facility Design and Construction laboratory facilities
National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health • Nucleic acid preparation depends on the classification
(NIOSH) Hierarchy of Controls of infective microorganism by risk factors
• Protects outside the laboratory
o Environment
 Enclonar, Kimberly / MLS 3A
Levels of Containment Biosafety
BSL 1 • The containment principles, technologies and
• Not known to consistently cause disease in healthy practices that are implemented to prevent
adult humans, and of unintentional exposure to biological agents and
• Minimal potential hazard to laboratory personnel and toxins, or their accidental release
the environment.
• Examples: Biosecurity
o Saccharomyces cerevisiae • The protection, control and accountability for
o E.coli K-12 valuable biological materials within laboratories, in
o Non-infectious bacteria order to prevent their unauthorized access, loss,
o Lactobacillus acidophilus theft, misuse, diversion or intentional release
• Protective pathogens from people
BSL 2
• Moderate potential hazard to personnel and the
environment.
• Includes bacteria and viruses that cause mild disease
to humans or are difficult to contract via aerosol in a
lab setting.
• Molecular analysis of extracted nucleic acid can be
performed (at least)
• Examples:
o Hepatitis A virus
o Influenza A
o Mumps
o Measles
o Streptococcus pyogenes
o Borrelia burgdorferi (Lyme disease)
o Salmonella species

BSL3
• Microbes there can either indigenous or exotic, and
they can cause serious or potentially lethal disease
through respiratory transmission.
• Vaccines or other treatments exist
• Examples:
o Yersinia pestis (plague)
o Mycobacterium tuberculosis
o SARS
o Rabies virus
o Anthrax
o Malaria
o West nile virus
o Hantaviruses

BSL4
• Dangerous and exotic, posing a high risk of aerosol-
transmitted infections. Infections caused by these
microbes are frequently fatal and without treatment
or vaccines.
• Examples:
o Ebola
o Smallpox
o H5N1 (bird flu)
o Lassa virus

Risk Biosafety Level Laboratory Type