Department of Electrical Engineering

School of Engineering & Technology

Mizoram University
(A Central University)
Aizawl, 796 004, Mizoram

Course curriculum & Syllabus

for
MASTER of Technology (M.Tech.)
Programme
In
Power and Energy Systems Engineering
under
Electrical Engineering Department

(2017)
 School of Engineering and Technology
M. Tech. Course Structure

Power and Energy Systems Engineering

Branch: EE Course: M.Tech. (PEM) Year: I Semester: I

Sl. Code No Title L T P Credit Marks
No
1 PEM-101 Power System Interconnection & Control 3 1 0 4 100
2 PEM-102 Renewable and Distributed Energy Systems 3 1 0 4 100
3 PEM-103 Power System Dynamics and control 3 1 0 4 100
4 PEM-104 Advanced Power System Protection 3 1 0 4 100
5 PEM-105 Advanced Power Electronics 3 1 0 4 100
6 PEM-191 Laboratory-I 0 0 3 2 100
Total 15 5 3 22 600

L = Lecture, T= Tutorial, P = Practical Total Marks = 600

Total contact hours = 15+5+3=23 hrs per week Total Credits = 22

Branch: EE Course: M.Tech. (PEM) Year: I Semester: II

Sl. Code No Title L T P Credit Marks
No
1 PEM-201 Advanced Power System Analysis 3 1 0 4 100
2 PEM-202 Power System Deregulation 3 1 0 4 100
3 PEM-203 Energy Management and Audit 3 1 0 4 100
4 PEM-2XX Elective Paper I 3 1 0 4 100
5 PEM-2XX Elective Paper II 3 1 0 4 100
6 PEM-291 Laboratory-II 0 0 3 2 100
Total 15 5 3 22 600

L = Lecture, T= Tutorial, P = Practical Total Marks = 600

Total contact hours = 15+5+3=23 hrs per week Total Credits = 22

 XX=>04 to 15

Electives (any two approved by the Department):

Code No. Subjects
PEM-04 Computer Aided Power System Analysis
PEM-05 Power System Instrumentation
PEM-06 Power System Planning and Reliability
PEM-07 Electrical Power Quality
PEM-08 Soft computing and its application
PEM-09 Microcontroller Applications in Power Converters
PEM-10 Electrical Systems in Wind Energy
PEM-11 Modeling and Simulation of dynamic systems
PEM-12 Optimization Techniques
PEM-13 Smart Grid: Secure and Sustainable Energy
PEM-14 Distributed Generation and Micro-Grids
PEM-15 Flexible AC Transmission System (FACTS) & HVDC

Branch: EE Course: M.Tech. (PEM) Year: II Semester: III

Sl. Code No Title L T P Credit Marks

No
1 PEM -391 Major Project (Phase -I) 0 0 20 20 500
2 PEM - 392 Seminar 0 0 3 2 100
Total 23 22 600

Total contact hours:23 hrs per week Total Credits=22

Branch: EE Course: M.Tech. (PEM) Year: II Semester: IV

Sl. Code No Title L T P Credit Marks

No
2 PEM - 491 Major Project (Phase -II) 0 0 22 22 600
Total 22 22 600

Total contact hours:22 hrs per week Total Credits=22

Total Credits (Course): 22 + 22 + 22 + 22 = 88

Total Marks (Course): 600 + 600 + 600 + 600 = 2400
 Power System Interconnection & Control: PEM-101

Credits: 4(3L, 1T)

Total Hours: 48
Full Marks: 100 (Internal: 40 Marks, End Semester Examination: 60 Marks)
End semester mark distribution pattern:
Total 8 nos. of questions: {Q. 1 (a-f) 6 x 2(Mark) (Compulsory) + Any four (4) from Q.2-8 x
12(Marks)} = 60.

Unit- I:
Economic operation - Load forecasting - Unit commitment –unit commitment solution methods-
Economic dispatch problem of thermal units – Gradient method- Newton’s method – Base point
and participation factor method, Power flow scheduling using economic load dispatch, power
flow scheduling using Lagrange multiplier method, penalty factor, scheduling with network
losses. 10L

Unit-II:
Hydro-thermal co-ordination with and without losses -Hydroelectric plant models – short term
hydrothermal scheduling problem - gradient approach – Hydro units in series - pumped storage
hydro plants-hydro - scheduling using Dynamic programming and linear programming. 8L

Unit-III:
Automatic Generation Control: Types of alternator exciters, automatic voltage regulators for
generator excitation control, static and dynamic performance of AVR loop, automatic load
frequency control, primary automatic load frequency control loop, secondary automatic load
frequency control loop, extension of automatic load frequency control loop to multi area
systems, tie line power flow model. 10L

Unit-IV:
Power System Security: Security analysis, security assessment, contingency analysis, algorithm
to determine system security following contingency analysis procedure, security assessment
using ac power flow model, security analysis using concept of performance index. 10L

Unit-V:
State Estimation and load forecasting: Methods of state estimation – least square and weighted
least square estimation, bad data detection and suppression of bad data, load forecasting, load
forecasting techniques – methods of extrapolation and correlation, estimation of average and
trend terms of deterministic part of load – limitation of the method, prediction of deterministic
load, generalized load modeling, estimation of periodic components, estimation of stochastic part
of load – time series approach. 10L

Text Books:
1. Robert H. Miller, James H. Malinowski, ‘Power system operation’, Tata McGraw-Hill, 2009
2. Allen J. Wood, Bruce F. Wollenberg, ‘Power Generation, Operation and Control’, Wiley
India Edition, 2nd Edition, 2009.
3. Abhijit Chakrabarti & Sunita Halder, ‘Power system Analysis-Operation & Control’, PHI,
3rd Edition, 2010.
4. T J Miller, ‘Reactive Power Control in Electric Systems’, Wiley, 1982.
References:
1. Abhijit Chakrabarti and Sunita Halder, Power System Analysis, Operation and Control,
PHI.
2. Olle I Elgerd, 'Electric Energy Systems Theory an Introduction', 2nd Edition,
McGrawHill, 1983
 Renewable and Distributed Energy Systems: PEM-102

Credits: 4(3L, 1T)

Total Hours: 48
Full Marks: 100 (Internal: 40 Marks, End Semester Examination: 60 Marks)
End semester mark distribution pattern:
Total 8 nos. of questions: {Q. 1 (a-f) 6 x 2(Mark) (Compulsory) + Any four (4) from Q.2-8 x
12(Marks)} = 60.

Unit- I:
Introduction to solar energy: Recent trends in energy consumption – World energy scenario –
Energy sources and their availability – Need to develop new energy technologies – Solar
radiation and measurement – Solar cells and their characteristics– Electrical storage with
batteries – Production and transfer of solar energy – Sun-Earth angles – Availability and
limitations of solar energy – Measuring techniques and estimation of solar radiation – Solar
thermal collectors – General description and characteristics – Flat plate collectors –Short term
and long term collector performance – Solar concentrators – Design, analysis and performance
evaluation. – Analysis of PV systems. 10L

Unit- II:
Wind energy conversion system: Basic principle of wind energy conversion – nature of wind –
Wind survey in India Site selection considerations– Power in the wind –components of a wind
energy conversion system -Types of wind power conversion systems – Wind data analysis,
tabulation, Wind resource estimation, Betz’s Limit, Turbulence Analysis Performance of
Induction Generators for WECS – Classification of WECS. 10L

Unit-III:
Bio-mass energy: Biomass: Generation and utilization, Properties of biomass, Agriculture Crop
& Forestry residues used as fuels. Biochemical and Thermo-chemical Conversion, Combustion,
Gasification, Biomass gasifiers and types etc. Concept of Bio-energy: Photosynthesis process,
Biomass resources Bio based chemicals and materials Thermo-chemical Conversion: Pyrolysis,
Combustion, Gasification, Liquification. Bio-Chemical Conversion: Aerobic and Anaerobic
conversion, Fermentationetc.
Bio-fuels: Types of Bio-fuels, Bio fuel applications, Ethanol as a fuel for I.C. engines,
Importance of biogas technology, Different Types of Biogas Plants. Aerobic and anaerobic
bioconversion processes, various substrates used to produce Biogas. Removal of CO 2 and H 2 O,
Bio-hydrogen production. 12L

Unit-IV:
Geothermal, tide and wave energy: Availability of Geothermal Energy-size and Distribution,
Recovery of Geothermal Energy, Various Types of Systems to use Geothermal Energy, Direct
heat applications, Power Generation using Geothermal Heat, Sustainability of Geothermal
Source, Status of Geothermal Technology, Economics of Geothermal Energy. 8L

Unit-V:
Power conditioning converters: DC Power conditioning converters – Maximum Power point
tracking algorithms – AC power conditioners – Line commutated inverters – synchronized
operation with grid supply – Harmonic problem.
Hybrid energy systems-wind-diesel system-wind-PV system-micro hydro-PV system- biomass-
PV-diesel system-geothermal-tidal and OTEC systems. 8L
Text Books:
1. Rai G.D., “Non – Conventional Energy Sources”, Khanna Publishers, 1993.
2. Rai G.D., “Solar Energy Utilisation”, Khanna Publishers, 1993.
3. Eastop T.D & Croft D.R, Energy Efficiency for Engineers and Technologists,. Logman
Scientific & Technical, ISBN-0-582-03184, 1990.
4. Chakraverthy A, “Biotechnology and Alternative Technologies for Utilization of
Biomass or Agricultural Wastes”, Oxford & IBH publishing Co, 1989.

References:
1. Eastop T.D & Croft D.R, Energy Efficiency for Engineers and Technologists,. Logman
Scientific & Technical, ISBN-0-582-03184, 1990.
2. D. Yogi Goswami, Frank Kreith, Jan. F. Kreider, “Principles of Solar Engineering”, 2nd
Edition, Taylor & Francis, 2000, Indian reprint, 2003
3. Shah, Kanti L., Basics of Solid & Hazardous Waste Management Technology, Printice
Hall, 2000.
4. Hand Book of Batteries and Fuel cells, 3rd Edition, Edited by David Linden and Thomas.
B. Reddy, McGraw Hill Book Company, N.Y. 2002
5. Gary L. Johnson, “Wind Energy Systems”, Prentice Hall Inc., 1985.
6. Chetan Singh Solanki, ‘Solar Photovoltaics-Fundamentals, Technologies and
Applications’, PHI Learning Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi, 2011.
7. Van Overstraeton and Mertens R.P., ‘Physics, Technology and use of Photovoltaics’,
Adam Hilger, Bristol,1996.
8. John F.Walker & Jenkins. N , ‘Wind energy Technology’, John Wiley and sons,
Chichester, UK, 1997.
9. Freries LL ,‘Wind Energy Conversion Systems’, Prentice Hall, U.K., 1990
 Power System Dynamics and control:PEM-103
Credits: 4(3L, 1T)
Total Hours: 48
Full Marks: 100 (Internal: 40 Marks, End Semester Examination: 60 Marks)
End semester mark distribution pattern:
Total 8 nos. of questions: {Q. 1 (a-f) 6 x 2(Mark) (Compulsory) + Any four (4) from Q.2-8 x
12(Marks)} = 60.

Unit- I:
Stability of Dynamic systems, Synchronous machine theory and modelling:- armature and field
structure, parks transformation, machine with multiple pole pairs-mathematical description, d-q
transformation, per unit representation, equivalent circuit for d-q axes, steady state analysis-
voltage-current and flux linkage, phasor representation, rotor angle – steady state equivalent
circuit. 10L

Unit- II:
State space representation concept, Eigen properties of the state vectors, analysis of
stabilitysmall signal stability of a single machine connected to infinite bus system, classical
representation of generator, small signal stability of a multi machine connected to infinite bus
system. Characteristics of small - signal stability problems. 10L

Unit- III:
Transient stability:- Concept of transient stability, response to a step change in mechanical power
input, Swing equation- multimachine analysis, factors influencing transient stability, numerical
integration method – Euler method – R-K method (4rth order), critical clearing time and angle-
methods for improving transient stability. 10L

Unit- IV:
Voltage stability:- Basic concept, transmission system characteristics, generator characteristics,
load characteristics, PV curve, QV curve and PQ curve, characteristics of reactive power
compensating devices. Voltage collapse and prevention of voltage collapse. 8L

Unit- V:
Sub synchronous Resonance-Turbine-Generator torsional Characteristics-Torsional interaction
with Power System Controls-Sub synchronous resonance-Impact of network switching
disturbances-Torsional interaction between closely coupled units-Hydro generator torsional
characteristics. 10L

Text Books:
1. P Kundur, 'Power system Stability and Control', McGraw-Hill Inc., 1994
2. Anderson and Fourd , 'Power System Control and Stability" , Galgotia Publications, 1981
3. Yao-nan-Yu, 'Electric Power Systems Dynamics', Academic Press, 1983

References:
1. K R Padiyar, 'Power System Dynamics', 2 nd Edition, B.S. Publishers, 2003
2. P W Sauer & M A Pai, 'Power System Dynamics and Stability, Pearson, 2003
3. Olle I Elgerd, 'Electric Energy Systems Theory an Introduction', 2 nd Edition,
McGrawHill, 1983
4. E W Kimbark, 'Power System Stability', Wiley & IEEE Press, 1995
 Advanced Power System Protection: PEM-104
Credits: 4(3L, 1T)
Total Hours: 48
Full Marks: 100 (Internal: 40 Marks, End Semester Examination: 60 Marks)
End semester mark distribution pattern:
Total 8 nos. of questions: {Q. 1 (a-f) 6 x 2(Mark) (Compulsory) + Any four (4) from Q.2-8 x
12(Marks)} = 60.

Unit- I:
Introduction: Protective Relays; Basic requirements and type of protection, reviews of relay
characteristics and operating equations, protective CTs, PTs, phase and amplitude comparator,
classification of Electromagnetic relays, Plug Setting Multiplier and Time Multiplier setting,
Universal Torque Equation, Non Directional Relay, Directional relay, Distant relay, Differential
relay. 10L

Unit-II:
Alternators Protection: Stator fault protection-phase to phase fault, phase to ground fault, and
stator inter turn fault, Earth fault protection-balanced earth fault protection, restricted earth fault
and standby earth fault protection, Over voltage protection, Over loading protection.
Transformer protection: Magnetizing inrush current, Application and connection of
transformer differential relays, Transformer over current protection.

Unit-III:
Bus bar Protection: Circulating Current Protection, Frame Leakage Protection.
Feeder protection: Time Graded protection, Differential Protection.
Transmission Line Protection: Introduction to distance relay, Simple Impedance relay,
Reactance relay, Mho relays, comparison of distance relay – Choice between Impedance,
Reactance and Mho relay, High speed Impedance relay, setting of distance relays.
Pilot Relaying Schemes: Wire Pilot Protection, Carrier Current Protection. 10L

Unit-IV:
Static Relay
Introduction: Basic construction of static relays, advantages and disadvantages of Static Relay,
different types of static relays (static overcurrent, static time overcurrent, static instantaneous
overcurrent, directional static overcurrent, static differential and static distance relay)
comparators and associated elements, system switching and transient effects. 8L

Unit-V:
Digital Relay: Introduction, protection philosophy, basic hardware and protection schemes,
Numerical Relaying algorithms, Numerical over-current protection, Numerical distance
protection, Numerical differential protection. Microprocessor based digital relaying, Artificial
intelligence based digital relaying. 10L

Text Books:
1. A. Chakrabarti,M.L. Soni, P. V. Gupta, U. S. Bhatnagar “A text book on Power System
Engineering”, Dhanpat Rai and Co.
2. Paithankar.Y.G and Bhide.S.R, “Fundamentals of Power System Protection”, Prentice-
Hall of India.
 3. Badri Ram and Vishwakarma.D.N, “Power System Protection and Switchgear”, Tata
McGraw- Hill Publishing Company,
4. Arun K. Phadke, James. S. Thorp, “Computer relaying for Power system”, John Wiley
and sons, New York, 1998.

References:
1. Power System Protection, PM Anderson, IEEE Press Book
2. Protective Relays Application and Guide, GEC Measurements
3. Jones D., “Analysis and protection of electrical power systems”, Pitman Publishing,
1971.
4. “ Power system reference manual, Ray rolls protection”, Orient press, 1982.
5. Stanley H., Horowitz (ED), “Protective relaying for power system”, IEEE press, 1980.
6. Lewis Blackburn, J., ‘Protective Relaying – Principles and Applications’, Marcel
Dekkar, INC, New York, 2006.
7. The Electricity Training Association, ‘Power System Protection Vol1-4’, The IEE, U.K.,
2005.
8. C. Russeil Mason, ‘The art and Science of Protective Relaying’, GE Publishers, 1962.
 Advanced Power Electronics: PEM-105
Credits: 4(3L, 1T)
Total Hours: 48
Full Marks: 100 (Internal: 40 Marks, End Semester Examination: 60 Marks)
End semester mark distribution pattern:
Total 8 nos. of questions: {Q. 1 (a-f) 6 x 2(Mark) (Compulsory) + Any four (4) from Q.2-8 x
12(Marks)} = 60.

Unit-I:
Control of DC-DC converters. State space modeling of Buck, Buck-Boost, Cuk, Sepic, Zeta
Converters. Equilibrium analysis and closed loop voltage regulations using state feedback
controllers and sliding mode controllers.
Modeling of multi input DC-DC converters and its application to renewable energy. Output
voltage regulation of Multi input DC-DC converter using state feedback controllers. 10L

Unit- II:
Control of rectifiers. State space modeling of single phase and three phase rectifiers. State
feedback controllers and observer design for output voltage regulation for nonlinear loads.
Analysis of continuous and discontinuous mode of operation. 8L

Unit- III:
Loss calculations and thermal management: Device models for loss calculations, ratings, safe
operating areas, data sheets, forward conduction loss, switching losses, heat sink design, snubber
design drive and protection circuits, commutation circuits, Soft switching. 8L

Unit- IV:
Switched Mode Inverters: Topologies of single-phase half-bridge, full-bridge and three-phase
bridge Voltage Source Inverters-Representation using ideal switches- stepped wave and PWM
operation- Sine-Triangle PWM-Selective Harmonic Elimination--Space Vector PWM-
Evaluation of dwell times- Principles of CurrentControlled VSI- Hysteresis control and PWM
current control. Current Source Inverters: Analysis of capacitor commutated single phase CSI
feeding resistive and pure-inductor loads. 10L

Unit- V:
Resonant Converters - Second-Order Resonant Circuits - Load Resonant Converters - Resonant
Switch Converters – Resonant DC-Link Converters with ZVS Series-Resonant Inverters:
Voltage-Source Series-Resonant Inverters - Voltage-Source Parallel-Resonant Inverters -
Voltage-Source Series–Parallel-Resonant Inverters Resonant DC-Link Inverters : The Resonant
DC-Link Inverter - The Parallel-Resonant DC-Link Inverter - Current Research Trends Auxiliary
Resonant Commutated Pole Inverters: Losses in Hard-Switched Inverters - Analysis of ARCP
Phase Leg - Analysis of ARCP H-Bridge - Analysis of ARCP Three-Phase Inverter. 12L

Text Books:
1. Bimal Bose, ‘Power electronics and motor drives’, Elsevier, 2006
2. Sira -Ramirez, R. Silva Ortigoza, ‘Control Design Techniques in Power Electronics
Devices’, Springer, 2006.
3. Ned Mohan, et. al., “Power Electronics: Converters, Design and Applications,” Wiley
4. V. Ramanarayanan, “Course Notes on Switched Mode Power Converters, “Department
of Electrical Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore
References:
1. Siew-Chong Tan, Yuk-Ming Lai, Chi Kong Tse, ‘Sliding mode control of switching
Power Converters’, CRC Press, 2011
2. Ion Boldea and S.A Nasar, ‘Electric drives’, CRC Press, 2005
3. G. K. Dubey, et.al., “Thyristorised Power Controllers,” New Age International
4. John Vithayathil, “Power Electronics: Principles and Applications”, Tata McGraw Hill
5. Bin Wu, “High Power Converters and AC Drives,” IEEE Press, Wiley Interscience,
2006.
6. L. Umanand, “Power Electronics: Essentials and Applications,” Wiley, 2009
7. Thimothy L. Skvarenina, “The Power electronics handbook”, CRC press, 2002
 Laboratory-I: PEM-191
Credits: 2(3P)
Total Hours: 36
Full Marks: 50 (Sessional: 25 Marks, End Semester Examination: 25 Marks)
(Mark distribution : 15- practical, 5- viva-voce, 5- report/record book)

List of Experiments:

1. Load flow studies-IEEE 5 bus system, IEEE 14 bus system, IEEE 30 bus systems
2. Short circuit studies and transient stability studies
3. Voltage Instability Analysis
4. Harmonic Analysis
5. Economic load dispatch with thermal power plants
6. Economic load dispatch with hydro-thermal power plants
7. Energy consumption & lumen measurement of lights and ballasts
8. Simulation of single-area and two-are systems
9. Characteristics of photovoltaic devices & testing of solar PV operated pump
10. Performance testing of solar thermal concentrators
11. Performance testing solar air heater & dryer & desalination unit
12. Measurement of solar radiation and sunshine hours
13. Performance testing of solar flat plate water heater – forced flow & thermosyphon
systems

Software used: ETAP/POWER WORLD SIMULATOR/ MI POWER/ PSIM/ MATLAB/ Lab

VIEW
 Advanced Power System Analysis: PEM-201

Credits: 4(3L, 1T)

Total Hours: 48
Full Marks: 100 (Internal: 40 Marks, End Semester Examination: 60 Marks)
End semester mark distribution pattern:
Total 8 nos. of questions: {Q. 1 (a-f) 6 x 2(Mark) (Compulsory) + Any four (4) from Q.2-8 x
12(Marks)} = 60.

Unit-I:
Network matrix: Physical interpretation of bus admittance and impedance matrices, introduction
to admittance matrix formulation, formation of admittance matrix due to inclusion of regulating
transformer, development of admittance matrix using singular transformation, modification of
admittance matrix for branch addition/ deletion. 10L

Unit II
Complex power flow: Analytical formulation of complex power flow solution, Gauss-Seidal
method of power flow, Newton Raphson method of power flow, algorithm for solving power
flow problem using N-R method in rectangular form, algorithm for solving power flow problem
using N-R method in polar form, fast decoupled load flow method. 12L

Unit III
Power System Stability: Definitions, classification of stability-rotor angle and voltage stability,
synchronous machine representation for stability study. 4L

Unit IV
Transient stability: Assumptions for transient stability, derivation of swing equation, swing
equation for synchronous machine connected to infinite bus, swing equation for a two machine
system, solution of swing equation by Euler and Runge Kutta method, equal area criterion,
critical clearing angle, application of critical clearing angle to transient stability of synchronous
machine. Methods of improving transient stability: reducing fault clearance time, automatic
reclosing, single phase reclosing, electric braking, voltage regulators, fast governor action, high
speed excitation system. 12L

Unit V
Voltage stability: Definition and classification of voltage stability, mechanism of voltage
collapse, analytical concept of voltage stability for a two bus system, expression for critical
receiving end voltage and critical power angle at voltage stability limit for a two bus power
system, PV and QV curves, L index for the assessment of voltage stability. 10L

Text Books:
1. A. Chakrabarti,M.L. Soni, P. V. Gupta, U. S. Bhatnagar “A text book on Power System
Engineering”, Dhanpat Rai and Co.
2. Power system Analysis by Hadi Saadat: Tata McGraw-Hill Publishing Company
Limited.
3. Power system Analysis by Charles A. Gross: John Wiley & Sons.
4. Power system Analysis by John J. Grainger & William D. Stevenson, JR: Tata McGraw-
Hill Edition.
Reference:
1. Grainger, J.J. and Stevenson, W.D. ‘Power System Analysis’ Tata McGraw hill, New
Delhi, 2003.
2. Hadi Saadat, ‘Power System Analysis’, Tata McGraw hill, New Delhi, 2002.
3. Arrillaga, J and Arnold, C.P., ‘Computer analysis of power systems’ John Wiley and
Sons, New York, 1997.
4. Pai, M.A., ‘Computer Techniques in Power System Analysis’, Tata McGraw Hill, New
Delhi, 2006.
 Power System Deregulation: PEM-202
Credits: 4(3L, 1T)
Total Hours: 48
Full Marks: 100 (Internal: 40 Marks, End Semester Examination: 60 Marks)
End semester mark distribution pattern:
Total 8 nos. of questions: {Q. 1 (a-f) 6 x 2(Mark) (Compulsory) + Any four (4) from Q.2-8 x
12(Marks)} = 60.

Unit-I: Introduction to restructuring of power industry

Introduction to restructured power systems, Advantages of competitive systems, Open access
same time information system (OASIS) : structure, functionality, implementation and posting of
information, Deregulated models, pool model, pool and bilateral trade models, multilateral trade
model, Independent system operator (ISO) activities in pool markets, Wholesale electricity
markets characteristics, central auction, single auction power pool, double auction power pool,
market clearing and pricing, market power and its mitigation techniques, electric energy trading,
ancillary services, Fundamentals of economics. 12L

Unit- II: Transmission Congestion Management

Congestion management in normal operation, Importance of congestion management,
Classification of congestion management methods, Inter zonal and Intra zonal congestion
management, Total transfer capability (TTC), Available transfer capability (ATC), Transmission
reliability margin (TRM), Capacity benefit margin (CBM), Existing transmission commitments
(ETC), Concept of line outage distribution factor (LODF) and power transfer distribution factor
(PTDF). 10L

Unit- III: Pricing of transmission network usage and loss allocation

Introduction to network pricing, principles of transmission pricing, Classification of transmission
pricing, Rolled-in transmission pricing methods, Marginal transmission pricing paradigm,
Composite pricing paradigm, merits and demerits of different paradigms, Classification of loss
allocation methods, Comparison between various methods. 10L

Unit- IV: Locational Marginal Pricing and Bidding Strategy

Locational marginal Pricing (LMP), LMP calculation, introduction to optimal bidding by a
generator company, optimal bidding methods. 8L

Unit- V: Current / Different Experiences in Deregulation

Current / Different Experiences in Deregulation: U.S.A., Canada, U.K., Japan, Switzerland,
Australia, Sweden, Germany and Indian Power System. 8L

Text Books:
1. Loi Lei Lai, ‘Power System Restructuring and Deregulation’, John Wiley & Sons Ltd.,
2001.
2. Mohammad Shahidehpour, Hatim Yamin, ‘Market operations in Electric power systems’,
John Wiley & son ltd., 2002.

References:
1. Lorrin Philipson, H. Lee Willis, ‘Understanding Electric Utilities and Deregulation’
Taylor & Francis, 2006.
2. Mohammad Shahidehpour, Muwaffaq Alomoush, ‘Restructured Electrical Power
Systems’, Marcel Dekker, Inc., 2001.
3. Understanding Electric Utilities and De-Regulation, 2nd Edition, Lorrin Philipson H. Lee
Willis. CRC Press
 Energy Management and Audit: PEM-203
Credits: 4(3L, 1T)
Total Hours: 48
Full Marks: 100 (Internal: 40 Marks, End Semester Examination: 60 Marks)
End semester mark distribution pattern:
Total 8 nos. of questions: {Q. 1 (a-f) 6 x 2(Mark) (Compulsory) + Any four (4) from Q.2-8 x
12(Marks)} = 60.

Unit- I:
Introduction: Energy Scenario – global, sub continental and Indian, Energy economy relation,
Future energy demand and supply scenario, Integrated energy planning with particular reference
to Industrial Sector in India, Captive power units and others –demand v/s supply. 7L

Unit-II:
Types of Energy: Physical Aspects of Energy: Classification of energy – Hydel, Thermal,
Nuclear, Wind, & from Waste Products. Efficiency and effectiveness of energy utilization in
Industry. Energy and energy analysis. Renewable and non-renewable energy, Conventional and
unconventional energy. 8L

Unit-III:
Demand Side Management:
Energy Demand Management: Energy utilization, Instrumentation and data analysis, Financial
aspects of energy management, Energy management as a separate function and its place in plant
management hierarchy.
Energy Planning, Energy Staffing, Energy Organization, Energy Requirement. Energy Costing,
Energy Budgeting, Energy Monitoring, Energy Consciousness, Energy Conversions, Energy
Efficient Equipment, Energy Management Professionals, Environment Pollution due to Energy
Use, Components of Pollution, Harmful Effects of Pollution, Measures taken to combat
Pollution. 10L

Unit-IV:
Energy Audit and Energy Saving: Energy Audit and analysis, Energy load measurements,
System evaluation and simulation, Energy saving techniques and guidelines: Administrative
control, Proper Measurement and monitoring system, Process control, proper planning &
scheduling, Increasing capacity utilization, Improving equipment control, waste heat recovery,
Change of energy source. Upgradation of Technology. Change of product specifications, Use of
High efficiency equipment, Design modification for better efficiency, Improved periodic
maintenance. 8L

Unit-V:
Energy Control Centers: Remote Telemetry; Remote Terminal Units; IEC TC 57 (870-5-1)
Protocol Standard; Data Acquisition Procedure; Data Handling and Organization; Real Time
Database; Alarm and Events; Disturbance Processing; Fault Locating Technology; Real Time
Display; MIMIC Boards; Supervisory Remote Control; Load Dispatch Control Centers;
Distribution Control Centers; Time Keeping Systems;
Legal Provisions: The Prevention and Control of Pollution Act, 1974, The Energy Conservation
Act, 2001, The Environmental Protection Act, 1986. The Electricity Act, 2003. National
Electricity Policy. Rural Electrification. 15L
Text Books:
1. Paul W., O’callaghan; “Energy Management”, McGraw Hill Book Company
2. Steve Doty, Wayne C. Turner; “Energy Management Handbook”, Fairmont Press Inc., GA
30047
3. Barny L. Capehart, Wainey C. Turner, William J. Kennedy; “Guide to Energy
Management”, Fairmont Press Inc., GA 30047
References:
1. Handbook of Energy Engineering, Albert Thumann & Paul Mehta, The Fairmont Press,
INC.
2. NPC energy audit manual and reports
3. Cleaner Production – Energy Efficiency Manual for GERIAP, UNEP, Bangkok prepared
by National Productivity Council.
4. Amit K. Tyagi, ‘Handbook on Energy Audits and Management’, The Energy and
Resources Institute, 2003
5. IEEE Recommended Practice for Energy Management in Industrial and Commercial
Facilities, IEEE, 1996
 Laboratory-II: PEM-291
Credits: 2(3P)
Total Hours: 36
Full Marks: 100 (Sessional: 50 Marks, End Semester Examination: 50 Marks)

1. To Study DC-DC Converter for under variable input and load conditions
a. Buck converter
b. Boost converter
2. To study MPPT in PV system through Buck-Boost converter.
3. To study MPPT in grid-connected PV system through load power regulation.
4. To study active and reactive power control in grid-connected PV system
5. 1-phase inverter operation and performance analysis
6. Study of H5 Inverter for ground current elimination
7. PID controller-Design and implementation for close loop operation of grid-connected
PV system.
8. To study decoupled control of active and reactive power of grid connected WT
generator systems.
9. To study grid connected DFIG based WECS with MPPT and pitch control
algorithms.
10. To study standalone based WT system under different load conditions.
 Computer Aided Power System Analysis: PEM-04
Credits: 4(3L, 1T)
Total Hours: 48
Full Marks: 100 (Internal: 40 Marks, End Semester Examination: 60 Marks)
End semester mark distribution pattern:
Total 8 nos. of questions: {Q. 1 (a-f) 6 x 2(Mark) (Compulsory) + Any four (4) from Q.2-8 x
12(Marks)} = 60.

Unit-I:
General Introduction: Modern Power Systems Operation and Control, Different types of Power
System Analysis. 4L

Unit- II:
Review of solution of Linear System of equations by Gauss Jordan method, Gauss elimination,
LU factorization and LDU factorization. Load Flow Studies: Overview of Gauss, Gauss- Seidel
and Newton Raphson Methods, Decoupled Load Flow, Fast Decoupled Load Flow, DC load
flow, Three phase Load Flow and Harmonic Load flow. Sparsity techniques, Triangular
factorization and Optimal ordering. Incorporation of FACTS devices in Load Flow: Static Tap
Changing, Phase Shifting (PS), Static Var Compensator (SVC), Thyristor Controlled Series
Compensator (TCSC) and Unified Power Flow Controller (UPFC). 12L

Unit- III:
Elementary linear graph theory –Incidence and network matrices. Development of network
matrices from Graph theoretic approach, Building algorithm for Bus impedance matrix,
Modification of ZBUS matrix due to changes in primitive network. Short Circuit studies – Types
of Faults – Short circuit study of a large power system – Algorithm for calculating system
conditions after fault – three short circuit, three phase to ground, double line to ground, line to
line and single line to ground fault. 12L

Unit- IV:
State estimation – least square and weighted least square estimation methods for linear and non-
linear systems. Static state estimation of power systems- injections only and line only algorithms,
Treatment of bad data – detection, identification and suppression of bad data. Contingency
Analysis- adding and removing multiple lines, Analysis of single and multiple contingencies,
Contingency Analysis by DC model, System reduction for contingency and fault studies. 10L

Unit- V:
Stability Analysis: Classification of Power System Stability, Classical Model of Synchronous
Machines and Excitation System, Transient Stability Analysis of Multi-Machine Systems, Eigen
Analysis of Dynamical Systems,Small Signal Stability Analysis using Classical Model, Basic
Concepts of Voltage Stability Analysis. 10L

Text Books:
1. Power System Analysis- John J. Grainger, William D. Stevenson, Jr., Tata McGraw-Hill
Series in ECE.
2. Modern Power system Analysis, 3rd Edition- I. J. Nagrath and D. P. Kothari, Tata
McGraw Hill, 1980
3. Computer modeling of Electrical Power Systems - J. Arriliga and N. R. Watson, Wiley,
2001
 4. Computer methods in power system analysis- G.W. Stagg and El-Abiad McGraw Hill,
1968

References:
1. Power System Analysis- Hadi Saadat, McGraw Hill
2. Power System Harmonic Analysis - Jos Arrillaga, Bruce C. Smith, Neville R. Watson,
Alan Wood, John Wiley and Son, 1997
3. Computational methods for large sparse power systems analysis: An object oriented
approach, S A Soman, S A Khaparde, Shubha Pandit, Kluwer academic publishers
4. Computer Aided Power System Analysis- G. L. Kusic, Prentice Hall, 1986
5. Large networks by matrix methods, H E Brown, John Wiley
 Power System Instrumentation:PEM-05
Credits: 4(3L, 1T)
Total Hours: 48
Full Marks: 100 (Internal: 40 Marks, End Semester Examination: 60 Marks)
End semester mark distribution pattern:
Total 8 nos. of questions: {Q. 1 (a-f) 6 x 2(Mark) (Compulsory) + Any four (4) from Q.2-8 x
12(Marks)} = 60.

Unit- I:
Generalized performance characteristics of instruments – Static and dynamic characteristics,
development of mathematical model of various measurement systems. Classification of
instruments based on their order. Dynamic response and frequency response studies of zero
order, first order and second order instruments. Theory of errors: systematic and random errors,
limits of error, probable error and standard deviation. Gaussian error curves, combination of
errors. 10L

Unit-II:
Thermal Power Generation: 10L
Coal handling plant – coal feed rate measurement, determination of calorific value.
Water treatment
Boiler – Feed water, pressure, temperature, steam flow rate, flue gas analysis, optical pyrometer
Turbine – Speed, shaft eccentricity, temperature
Condenser – pressure, temperature
Generator – Speed, hydrogen leakage
Control and protection systems of a thermal power plant.
Thermal power generation from nuclear reactor.
Ash handling and pollution control

Unit-III:
Transducers, classification & selection of transducers, strain gauges, inductive & capacitive
transducers, piezoelectric and Hall-effect transducers, thermisters, thermocouples, photo-diodes
& photo-transistors, encoder type digital transducers, signal conditioning and telemetry, basic
concepts of smart sensors and application. Data Acquisition Systems. 10L

Unit-IV:
Transformer: Transformer oil, hot spot, moisture detection.
Transmission Lines: Fibre optics meter for high voltage and high current measurement,
Transmission line sag measurement using triangulation technique. 8L

Unit-V:
Tariff: Objective, Available based tariff, Digital energy meter, Remote terminal unit (RTU)
Local Dispatch Centre: Data handling – Processing, Logging, Acquisition, Accounting,
Display and Storage, SCADA, Techniques of Data acquisition at Central Load Dispatch Centres
for coordinated control of the grid.

Computer Control of Power Plant:

IS specification: Introduction, Application and Relevancy of IS specification in perspective of
power system instrumentation. 10L
Text Books:
1. B D Doeblin, 'Measurement systems ―Application and Design, McGraw Hill New York.
2. John P. Bentley, 'Principles of Measurement System’ , Pearson Education .
3. J W Dally, W F Reley and K G McConnel, 'Instrumentation for Engineering
measurements (second edition), John Wiley & sons Inc New York, 1993
4. K. B. Klaasen, 'Electronic Measurement. And Instrumentation', Cambridge University
Press.
5. Stuart A. Boyer: SCADA-Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition, Instrument Society
of America Publications,USA,2004

References:
1. Helfrick and Cooper, “Modern Electronic Instrumentation and Measurement
Techniques”, PrenticeHall of India
2. Jones, B.E., “Instrumentation Measurement and Feedback”, Tata McGraw-Hill, 1986.
3. Golding, E.W., “Electrical Measurement and Measuring Instruments”, 3rd Edition
4. Modern Power Station Practice – Vol: C, Vol: D, Pergamon Press
5. Principles of Industrial Instrumentation - D Patranabish, TMH, New Delhi
6. Industrial Instrumentation Control and Automation – S Mukhopadhyay, S.Sen, A. Deb –
Jaico Publishing House, Mumbai.
7. B. G. Liptak, Instrument Engineers Handbook, Chilton Book Co. Philadelphia
 Power System Planning and Reliability: PEM-06
Credits: 4(3L, 1T)
Total Hours: 48
Full Marks: 100 (Internal: 40 Marks, End Semester Examination: 60 Marks)
End semester mark distribution pattern:
Total 8 nos. of questions: {Q. 1 (a-f) 6 x 2(Mark) (Compulsory) + Any four (4) from Q.2-8 x
12(Marks)} = 60.

Unit-I:
Load Forecasting: Load Forecasting Categories-Long term, Medium term, short term, very short
term Applications of Load Forecasting, Factors Affecting Load Patterns Medium and long term
load forecasting methods- end use models, econometric models, statistical model based learning.
Short Term Load Forecasting (STLF): Applications of Load Forecasting, methods- similar day
approach, regression methods, time series, ANN, Expert systems, Fuzzy logic based method,
support vector machines ANN architecture for STLF, Seasonal ANN, Adaptive Weight,
Multiple-Day Forecast, STLF Using MATLAB’S ANN Toolbox, Training and Test Data,
Stopping Criteria for Training Process, sensitivity analysis. 12L

Unit-II:
Power System Reliability: Basic Notions of Power System Reliability- sub systems, reliability
indices, outage classification, value of reliability tools, Concepts and methodologies, power
system structure, Reliability based planning in power systems, Effect of failures on power
system, Planning criteria, Risk analysis in power system planning, multi-state systems. 10L

Unit-III:
Basic Tools and Techniques: random processes methods & Markov models, Computation of
power system reliability measures by using Markov reward models, Evaluation of reliability
indices, Universal Generating Function (UGF) Method, Monte Carlo simulation. 10L

Unit-IV:
Reliability of Generation Systems: capacity outage calculations, reliability indices using the loss
of load probability method, unit commitment and operating constraints, optimal reserve
management, single and multi-stage expansion. 8L

Unit-V:
Reliability Assessment for Elements of Transmission and Transformation Systems: reliability
indices of substations based on the overload capability of the transformers, evaluation and
analysis of substation configurations, Reliability analysis of protection systems for high voltage
transmission lines. 8L

Text Books:
1. Sullivan, R.L., ‘Power System Planning’, Heber Hill, 1987.
2. Roy Billington, ‘Power System Reliability Evaluation’, Gordan & Breach Scain
Publishers, 1990.
3. Eodrenyi, J., ‘Reliability modelling in Electric Power System’ John Wiley, 1980.

References:
1. Markey operations in electric power systems Forecasting, Scheduling, and Risk
Management, Shahidehpour M, Yamin H, Li z, John Wlley & sons
2. Reliability evaluation of power systems, Billinton R, Allan R (1996) Plenum Press New
York
3. Computational Methods in Power system Reliability, D. Elmakias, Springer-Verlag
 Electrical Power Quality: PEM-07
Credits: 4(3L, 1T)
Total Hours: 48
Full Marks: 100 (Internal: 40 Marks, End Semester Examination: 60 Marks)
End semester mark distribution pattern:
Total 8 nos. of questions: {Q. 1 (a-f) 6 x 2(Mark) (Compulsory) + Any four (4) from Q.2-8 x
12(Marks)} = 60.

Unit- I:
Electric power quality phenomena: - Electric Power Quality, Impacts of power quality
problems on end users, Classification of Power System Disturbances, Power quality standards,
IEC and IEEE definitions. 6L

Unit-II:
Power quality problems and mitigation:- transients, short duration voltage variations, long
duration voltage variations, voltage imbalance, wave-form distortions, voltage fluctuations,
power frequency variations, flicker, poor load power factor, loads containing harmonics,
notching in load voltage, dc offset in loads, unbalanced loads, disturbances in supply voltage.
12L
Unit-III:
Transients overvoltage: Sources of Transient Overvoltages, Utility Capacitor Switching
Transients, Utility System Lightning Protection, Switching Transient Problems with Loads,
Overvoltage Protection Scheme. 10L

Unit-IV:
Harmonics: Harmonic evaluations on the utility system, Sources of harmonics- Magnetization
nonlinearities of transformer, Rotating machines, Arcing devices, Semiconductor based power
supply system, Inverter fed A.C. drives, Thyristor controlled reactors, Phase controllers, A.C.
regulators, Effects of Harmonics- Resonance, Poor Damping, Harmonics on Rotating Machines,
Transformer, Transmission Lines, Measuring Instruments, Harmonic Interference with Power
System Protection, Capacitor Banks, Consumer Equipment, Principles for controlling harmonics,
harmonic distortion standards, principles for controlling harmonics, reducing harmonic currents
in loads, filtering, modifying the system frequency response, Devices for controlling harmonic
distortion- chokes, zigzag transformers, passive filters, active filters. 12L

Unit-V:
Power quality monitoring and contract: Power Quality monitoring standard, Benefits of
Power Quality Monitoring, Power quality measurement issues, selection of monitoring
instruments, Power Quality Contracts in electricity market. 8L

Text Books:
1. Ghosh Arindam and Ledwich Gerard, ‘Power quality enhancement using custom power
devices’ Springer.
2. Arrillaga J., Watson N. R. and Chen S., ‘Power System Quality Assessment’ Wiley ,
New York, 2000
3. Caramia P, Carpinelli G and Verde P, ‘Power quality indices in liberalized markets’ –
Wiley.
4. Heydt, G.T., ‘Electric Power Quality’, Stars in a Circle Publications, Indiana, 2nd edition
1996.
References:
1. Surya Santoso, H. Wayne Beaty, Roger C. Dugan, Mark F. McGranaghan, “Electrical
Power Systems Quality”, McGraw-Hill, 2002.
2. Bollen, M.H.J, “Understanding Power Quality Problems: Voltage sags and
interruptions”, IEEE Press, New York, 2000.
3. C. Sankaran, “Power Quality” CRC Press
4. Arindam Ghosh, Gerard Ledwich, “Power quality enhancement using custom power
devices”, Springer, 2002.
5. Angelo B. Baggini, “Handbook of power quality” , Wiley, 2008
 Soft computing and its application: PEM-08
Credits: 4(3L, 1T)
Total Hours: 48
Full Marks: 100 (Internal: 40 Marks, End Semester Examination: 60 Marks)
End semester mark distribution pattern:
Total 8 nos. of questions: {Q. 1 (a-f) 6 x 2(Mark) (Compulsory) + Any four (4) from Q.2-8 x
12(Marks)} = 60.

Unit- I:
Introduction to Soft Computing, components of soft computing, traditional computing and
drawbacks, advantages of soft computing techniques. 10L

Unit-II:
Introduction to fuzzy logic: definition, general idea and importance in practical life. Fuzzy set
theory: concept of fuzzy set, membership functions, comparison of fuzzy set and classical set.
Operations on fuzzy sets, properties of standard operations, T norm and S norm, Extension
principle and application. Height of fuzzy set, core of fuzzy set, support of fuzzy set, normal
fuzzy set, normalization of fuzzy set, level set, α cut and strong α cut of fuzzy set, concentration
and dilation of fuzzy sets, fuzzy singleton, crossover points. Fuzzy relation: fundamentals of
fuzzy relations, operations on fuzzy relations, composition of fuzzy relations, fuzzy reasoning,
fuzzy relation inferences, compositional rule of inference, fuzzification. Fuzzy methods in
control theory: Introduction to fuzzy logic controller, types of fuzzy logic controllers, basic
structure of fuzzy knowledge based controllers, defuzzification methods, applications of fuzzy
logic control. 13L

Unit-III:
Introduction to artificial neural networks, artificial neuron model, types of activation functions.
Learning in neural networks, feed forward and feedback neural networks, back propagation
training algorithm, Hopfield network, Boltzman machine. 10L

Unit-IV:
Self organizing map, learning vector quantization algorithm. 7L

Unit-V:
Basic concept of genetic algorithm, comparison of GA and traditional techniques, objective
function and fitness function, crossover, mutation, GA search, applications of GA. 8L

Text Books:
1. Klir, G.J. & Yuan,B.- Fuzzy sets and Fuzzy logic, theory and applications, Prentice Hall
of India Private Limited.
2. J.S.R. Jang, C.T. Sun, E. Mizutani - Neuro-fuzzy and soft computing, PHI.
3. Goldberg- Genetic Algorithms, Pearson

References:
1. M. Ganesh - Introduction to fuzzy sets and fuzzy logic, PHI.
2. N. P. Padhy – Artificial intelligence and intelligent systems, Oxford.
3. Timothy J. Ross – Fuzzy logic with engineering applications, Wiley.
4. Nie and Linkens,- Fuzzy Neural Control-Principles, Algorithms and Application, PHI
5. Kosco, B.-Neural Networks and Fuzzy System.PH
6. Haykin- Neural Network; A Comprehensive Foundation, PHI
7. Rajasekaran and Pai – Neural Networks, Fuzzy Logic and Genetic algorithms: Synthesis
and Application, PHI.
 MICROCONTROLLER APPLICATIONS IN POWER CONVERTERS: PEM-9
Credits: 4(3L, 1T)
Total Hours: 48
Full Marks: 100 (Internal: 40 Marks, End Semester Examination: 60 Marks)
End semester mark distribution pattern:
Total 8 nos. of questions: {Q. 1 (a-f) 6 x 2(Mark) (Compulsory) + Any four (4) from Q.2-8 x
12(Marks)} = 60.

Unit- I:
Use of microcontrollers for pulse generation in power converters - Overview of Zero-Crossing
Detectors – typical firing/gate-drive circuits –firing / gate pulses for typical single phase and
three-phase power converters - PIC16F876 Micro-controller – device overview –pin diagrams.
10L
Unit- II:
PIC16F876 micro-controller memory organization – Special Function Registers - I/O ports
Timers – Capture/ Compare/ PWM modules (CCP). 8L

Unit- III:
Analog to Digital Converter module – Instruction set - instruction description – introduction to
PIC microcontroller programming – oscillator selection – reset – interrupts – watch dog timer.
8L
Unit- III:
Introduction to MPLAB IDE and PICSTART plus – Device Programming using MPLAB and
PICSTART plus – generation of firing / gating pulses for typical power converters. 10L

Unit- III:
8051 microcontroller – architecture – addressing modes – I/O ports - instruction sets – simple
assembly language programming. 12L

Text Books:
1. PIC16F87X Datasheet 28/40 – pin 8 bit CMOS flash Microcontrollers, Microchip
technology Inc., 2001. and MPLAB IDE Quick start guide, Microchip technology Inc.,
2007.
2. John B. Peatman, ‘Design with PIC Microcontrollers’, Prentice Hall, 2003.

References:
1. Myke Predko, ‘Programming and customizing the PIC Microcontroller’, Tata McGraw-
Hill, 3rd Edition, 2008.
2. M.A. Mazidi, J.G. Mazidi and R.D. McKinlay, ‘The 8051 microcontroller and embedded
systems’, Prentice Hall India, 2nd Edition, New Delhi, 2007.
 Electrical Systems in Wind Energy: PEM-10
Credits: 4(3L, 1T)
Total Hours: 48
Full Marks: 100 (Internal: 40 Marks, End Semester Examination: 60 Marks)
End semester mark distribution pattern:
Total 8 nos. of questions: {Q. 1 (a-f) 6 x 2(Mark) (Compulsory) + Any four (4) from Q.2-8 x
12(Marks)} = 60.

Unit- I:
Principle of operation – steady-state analysis-characteristics of GCIGs- operation of GCIGs with
different power electronic configurations. 8L

Unit-II:
Process of self-excitation – steady-state equivalent circuit of SEIG and its analysis - performance
equations - widening the operating speed-range of SEIGs by changing the stator winding
connection with suitable solid state switching schemes - power electronic controllers used in
standalone systems. 10L

Unit-III:
Need for single-phase operation –typical configurations for the single-phase operation of three-
phase GCIGs and SEIGs –stead state equivalent circuit and analysis using symmetrical
components. 10L

Unit-IV:
Different operating modes- steady-state equivalent circuit- performance analysis- DFIG for
standalone applications- operation of DFIGs with different power electronic configurations for
standalone and grid-connected operation. 10L

Unit-V:
Operation of PMSGs- steady-state analysis- performance characteristics- operation of PMSGs
with different power electronic configurations for standalone and grid-connected operation. 10L

Text Books:
1. Marcelo Godoy Simões and Felix A. Farret, ‘Renewable Energy Systems: Design and
Analysis with Induction Generators’, CRC Press, ISBN 0849320313, 2004.
2. Ion Boldea, ‘Variable speed Generators’, CRC Press, ISBN 0849357152, 2006.
3. S.N. Bhadra, D.Kastha and S.Banerje, ‘Wind Electrical Systems’, Oxford University
Press, 2005.

References:
1. Siegfried Heier, Rachel Waddington, ‘Grid Integration of Wind Energy Conversion
Systems, 2nd Edition’, Wiley, June 2006, ISBN: 978-0-470-86899-7.
2. Freries LL , ‘Wind Energy Conversion Systems’, Prentice Hall, U.K., 1990.
 Modeling and Simulation of dynamic systems: PEM-11
Credits: 4(3L, 1T)
Total Hours: 48
Full Marks: 100 (Internal: 40 Marks, End Semester Examination: 60 Marks)
End semester mark distribution pattern:
Total 8 nos. of questions: {Q. 1 (a-f) 6 x 2(Mark) (Compulsory) + Any four (4) from Q.2-8 x
12(Marks)} = 60.

Unit- I:
Introduction, State space representation of systems of different kind.Simulation of the state
model.Describing equations and different kinds of models.Eigen values and vectors, Similarity
X’formation, invariants.Stability, controllability, observability, Leverrier’s algorithm.
Linearization of nonlinear systems. 10L

Unit-II:
Theorem on feedback control, pole placement controller. Full order and reduced order observer
design. Theory of industrial regulation, feed forward control. Application - motor speed control
with disturbance rejection. 8L

Unit-III:
Heat flow in one dimension, finite element method. Modeling and simulation through bond
graphs. Qualitative reasoning: M & S with Incomplete Knowledge. 8L

Unit-IV:
Sensor modeling: Lumped parameter and distributed parameter models, Thick and thin film
models. Numerical modeling techniques, model equations, application of Finite Element method.
Different effects on modeling - temperature, radiation, mechanical, chemical, magnetic,
electrical (e.g. capacitive, resistive, piezo-resistive, frequency, etc.). Examples of modeling:
micro-modeling of photodiodes, magnetic, capacitive, mechanical sensors. 10L

Unit-V:
Controller design Dynamic Modelling of Electrical Machines: Modelling of DC machines,
Modelling of three phase Induction machine, Reference frame theory – ARF, RRF, SYRF, SRF,
equations of transformation, voltage equations, torque equations, analysis of steady-state
operation, acceleration characteristics, effect of loading and operation with non-sinusoidal
voltages
Choice of simulators: Power Electronic Circuit simulation using PSPICE, Analysis of Dynamic
behaviour of Electrical Machines using MATLAB/SIMULINK. 12L

Text Books:
1. Amalendu Mukherjee and RanjitKarmakar Modeling and Simulation of Engineering
Systems through Bond Graphs Narosa New Delhi 1999.
2. W B J Zimmerman Process Modeling and Simulation with Finite Element Methods Univ.
of Sheffield UK 2004
3. R.W. Erickson, Dragan Maksimovic, Fundamentals of Power Electronics (2 e), Springer,
2005. 2.
4. P.C. Krause, O. Wasynczuk, S.D. Sudhoff, Analysis of Electrical Machinery & Derive
Systems (2e), Wiley Student Edition, 2002.
References:
1. D M Wiberg, State Space and Linear Systems Schaum’s Outline Series McGraw Hill
1971
2. Benjamin Kuiper Qualitative reasoning: Modeling and Simulation with Incomplete
Knowledge MIT Press Cambridge Mass 1994
3. Thomas Kailath Linear Systems Prentice Hall 1980
4. Robert D. Strum and Donald E. Kirk Contemporary Linear Systems Using Matlab
Thomson Learning1999
5. M Gopal Modern Control System Theory Wiley Eastern 1984
6. M Gopal Digital Control Engineering Wiley Eastern 1988
7. K Ogata Modern Control Engineering 4th edition Prentice Hall 2002
8. B C Kuo Automatic Control Systems 7th Edition Prentice Hall 1995
9. Patranabis, D.- Sensors and Transducers. 2nd edition, PHI, New Delhi.
10. Learning MATLAB and Simulink Mathworks
11. Grandke, T. and Ko, W.H.(ed) - Sensors: Fundamentals and General Aspects. Vol I of
Sensors: A Comprehensive Survey. VCH, Germany, 1989
 Optimization Techniques:PEM-12
Credits: 4(3L, 1T)
Total Hours: 48
Full Marks: 100 (Internal: 40 Marks, End Semester Examination: 60 Marks)
End semester mark distribution pattern:
Total 8 nos. of questions: {Q. 1 (a-f) 6 x 2(Mark) (Compulsory) + Any four (4) from Q.2-8 x
12(Marks)} = 60.

Unit- I:
Fundamentals of optimization techniques: Definition-Classification of optimization problems-
Unconstrained and Constrained optimization-Optimality conditions-Classical Optimization
techniques (Lamda Iteration method, Linear programming, Quadratic programming). 8L

Unit-II:
Lamda iteration method: Brief introduction to lamda iteration method, formulate the Lagrange
function, Lamda iteration method to solve Optimal dispatch problem. 7L

Unit-III:
Quadratic programming: Introduction to quadratic programming, Working principle,
sequential programming, Linear constrained optimization problem, Karush-Kuhn-Tucker
conditions and its application to solve various problems, Interior point method, lagrangian
duality.
Linear programming: Examples of linear programming problem, The Simplex Method I,
Fundamental theorem of linear programming, Weak and strong duality theorems, Integer
programming, Network flow, develop a linear programming model from problem description
10L
Unit-IV:
Genetic Algorithm: Introduction to genetic Algorithm, working principle, Principles of Genetic
Algorithm- Evolutionary Strategy and Evolutionary Programming-Genetic Operators-Selection,
Crossover and Mutation fitness function. GA operators; Similarities and differences between GA
and traditional methods; Unconstrained and constrained optimization using Genetic Algorithm.
10L
Unit-V:
Particle Swarm Optimization: Fundamental principle-Velocity Updating-Advanced operators-
Parameter selection- Hybrid approaches (Hybrid of GA and PSO, Hybrid of EP and PSO) -
Binary, discrete and combinatorial.
Differential Evolution: Fundamental principle, developing DE based solution techniques for
OPF problems with single and multiple objectives and comparing the performance and
computational effectiveness of DE with other evolutionary and conventional techniques.
Application of population based optimization techniques in power systems: Algorithms and
flow chart of various optimization techniques for solving economic load dispatch and hydro-
thermal scheduling problem. 13L

Text Books:
1. Principle of soft computing by S.N.Sivanandam & S.N. Deepa
2. Optimization on Power system Operation by Jizhong Zhu Wiley-IEEE Press.
3. An Introduction to Optimization, 3rd Edition by K.P. Chong, Stanislaw H. Zak.

References:
1. S.S.Rao, Engineering Optimization, 3rd Edition, New Age International (P) Ltd.
2. Genetic Algorithm – D.E.Goldberg
3. Soft computing Technique and its application in electrical Engineering by Chaturvedi.
4. Rao S.S., ’Optimization :Theory and Application’ Wiley Eastern Press, 2 nd edition
1984.
5. Taha,H.A., Operations Research –An Introduction,Prentice Hall of India,2003.
6. Fox, R.L., ‘Optimization methods for Engineering Design’, Addition Wiely, 1981.
 Smart Grid: Secure and Sustainable Energy: PEM-13
Credits: 4(3L, 1T)
Total Hours: 48
Full Marks: 100 (Internal: 40 Marks, End Semester Examination: 60 Marks)
End semester mark distribution pattern:
Total 8 nos. of questions: {Q. 1 (a-f) 6 x 2(Mark) (Compulsory) + Any four (4) from Q.2-8 x
12(Marks)} = 60.

Unit- I:
Evolution of Electric Grid, Concept, Definitions and Need for Smart Grid, Smart grid drivers,
functions, opportunities, challenges and benefits, Difference between conventional & Smart
Grid, Concept of Resilient & Self Healing Grid, Present development & International policies in
Smart Grid, Diverse perspectives from experts and global Smart Grid initiatives. 10L

Unit-II:
Technology Drivers, Smart energy resources, Smart substations, Substation Automation, Feeder
Automation ,Transmission systems: EMS, FACTS and HVDC, Wide area monitoring, Protection
and control, Distribution systems: DMS, Volt/VAr control,Fault Detection, Isolation and service
restoration, Outage management, High-Efficiency Distribution Transformers, Phase Shifting
Transformers, Virtual Power Plant, Plug in Hybrid Electric Vehicles (PHEV). 10L

Unit-III:
Introduction to Smart Meters, Advanced Metering infrastructure (AMI) drivers and benefits,AMI
protocols, standards and initiatives, AMI needs in the smart grid, Phasor Measurement
Unit(PMU), Intelligent Electronic Devices(IED) & their application for monitoring & protection.
Sensors and Wireless Sensors Network in Smart Grid. 10L

Unit-IV:
Power Quality & EMC in Smart Grid, Power Quality issues of Grid connected Renewable
Energy Sources, Power Quality Conditioners for Smart Grid, Web based Power Quality
monitoring, Power Quality Audit. 8L

Unit-V:
Smart Grid Management Objectives and Demand Response, Demand Response Classification,
and Control, Local Area Network (LAN), House Area Network (HAN), Wide Area Network
(WAN), Broadband over Power line (BPL), IP based Protocols, Basics of Web Service and
CLOUD Computing to make Smart Grids smarter, Cyber Security System Model, Security
Requirements, Attack Model, Security Solution, Risk Management and Reliability of Smart
Grid. 10L

Text Books:
1. Stuart Borlase ‘Smart Grid: Infrastructure, Technology and Solutions’, CRC Press 2012.
2. JanakaEkanayake, Nick Jenkins, KithsiriLiyanage, Jianzhong Wu, Akihiko Yokoyama,
‘Smart Grid: Technology and Applications’, Wiley, 2012.

References:
1. Vehbi C. Güngör, DilanSahin, TaskinKocak, Salih Ergüt, Concettina Buccella, Carlo
Cecati, and Gerhard P. Hancke, ‘Smart Grid Technologies: Communication Technologies
 and Standards’ IEEE Transactions On Industrial Informatics, Vol. 7, No. 4, November
2011.
2. Xi Fang, Satyajayant Misra, Guoliang Xue, and Dejun Yang ‘Smart Grid – The New and
Improved Power Grid: A Survey’ , IEEE Transaction on Smart Grids.
 Distributed Generation and Micro-Grids: PEM-14

Credits: 4(3L, 1T)

Total Hours: 48
Full Marks: 100 (Internal: 40 Marks, End Semester Examination: 60 Marks)
End semester mark distribution pattern:
Total 8 nos. of questions: {Q. 1 (a-f) 6 x 2(Mark) (Compulsory) + Any four (4) from Q.2-8 x
12(Marks)} = 60.

Unit- I:
Need for Distributed generation, renewable sources in distributed generation, current scenario in
Distributed Generation, Planning of DGs – Siting and sizing of DGs – optimal placement of DG
sources in distribution systems. 10L

Unit-II:
Grid integration of DGs – Different types of interfaces - Inverter based DGs and rotating
machine based interfaces - Aggregation of multiple DG units. Energy storage elements:
Batteries, ultra-capacitors, flywheels. 10L

Unit-III:
Technical impacts of DGs – Transmission systems, Distribution systems, De-regulation –Impact
of DGs upon protective relaying – Impact of DGs upon transient and dynamic stability of
existing distribution systems. 10L

Unit-IV:
Economic and control aspects of DGs –Market facts, issues and challenges - Limitations of DGs.
Voltage control techniques, Reactive power control, Harmonics, Power quality issues. Reliability
of DG based systems – Steady-state and Dynamic analysis 10L

Unit-V:
Introduction to micro-grids – Types of micro-grids – autonomous and non-autonomous grids –
Sizing of micro-grids- modeling & analysis- Micro-grids with multiple DGs – Microgrids with
power electronic interfacing units. Transients in micro-grids - Protection of micro-grids – Case
studies. 8L

Text Books:
1. H. Lee Willis, Walter G. Scott ,’Distributed Power Generation – Planning and Evaluation’,
Marcel Decker Press, 2000.
2. M.Godoy Simoes, Felix A.Farret, ’Renewable Energy Systems – Design and Analysis with
Induction Generators’, CRC press.
3. Robert Lasseter, Paolo Piagi, ‘ Micro-grid: A Conceptual Solution’, PESC 2004, June
2004.

References:
1. F. Katiraei, M.R. Iravani, ‘Transients of a Micro-Grid System with Multiple Distributed
Energy Resources’, International Conference on Power Systems Transients (IPST’05) in
Montreal, Canada on June 19-23, 2005.
2. Z. Ye, R. Walling, N. Miller, P. Du, K. Nelson ‘Facility Microgrids’, Subcontract report,
May 2005, General Electric Global Research Center, Niskayuna, New York.
 Flexible AC Transmission System (FACTS) & HVDC: PEM-015

Credits: 4(3L, 1T)

Total Hours: 48
Full Marks: 100 (Internal: 40 Marks, End Semester Examination: 60 Marks)
End semester mark distribution pattern:
Total 8 nos. of questions: {Q. 1 (a-f) 6 x 2(Mark) (Compulsory) + Any four (4) from Q.2-8 x
12(Marks)} = 60.

Unit-I:
Power flow in Power Systems-Benefits of FACTS Transmission line compensation-
Uncompensated line -shunt compensation - Series compensation -Phase angle control. Reactive
power compensation – shunt and series compensation principles – reactive compensation at
transmission and distribution level – Static versus passive VAr Compensators – Converters for
Static Compensation. 10L

Unit-II:
Static shunt Compensator - Objectives of shunt compensations, Methods of controllable VAR
generation - Variable impedance type VAR Generators -TCR, TSR, TSC, FC-TCR Principle of
operation, configuration and control, Switching converter type VAR generators- Principle of
operation, configuration and control, SVC and STATCOM, Comparison between SVC and
STATCOM- Applications. 10L

Unit-III:
Static Series compensator - Objectives of series compensations , Variable impedance type series
compensators - GCSC. TCSC, TSSC - Principle of operation, configuration and control.
Application of TCSC for mitigation of SSR. Switching converter type Series Compensators
(SSSC)- Principle of operation, configuration and control. Static Voltage and Phase Angle
Regulators (TCVR &TCPAR): Objectives of Voltage and Phase angle regulators, Thyristor
controlled Voltage And Phase angle Regulators Unified Power Flow Controller: Circuit
Arrangement, Operation and control of UPFC- Basic principle of P and Q control- independent
real and reactive power flow control- Applications - Introduction to interline power flow
controller. Modeling and simulation of FACTS controllers. 12L

Unit-IV:
High voltage transmission line trends and preliminary aspects of standard transmission voltages.
Comparison between HVAC and HVDC transmission, planning for HVDC transmission, links,
properties of HVDC thyristor valves, components of HVDC transmission system. 8L

Unit-V:
HVDC converters: 6 pulse converter circuits and working principle, converter bridge
characteristics, working principle and characteristics of a twelve pulse converter with two &
three valve conduction mode, three valve conduction mode and three and four valve conduction
mode. 8L

Text Books:
1. Narin G. Hingorani, High Power Electronics and flexible Ac Transmission systems,
IEEE High Power Engineering Reiview, 1998.
2. Rakosh Das Begamudre, ‘Extra high voltage ac transmission engineering’ New Age
International Publisher.
 3. Padiyar K. R. ‘HVDC transmission systems’ Wiley.

References:
1. Narin G. Hingorani, Flexible AC transmission, IEEE Spectrum, April 1993, pp40-45.
2. Narin G. Hingorani, Power Electronics in Electric Utilities: Role of Power Electronics in
future power systems, Proc.of IEEE, IEEE, Vol.-76, No.-4, April 1988.
3. Einar V Larsen, Juan J. Sanchez-Gasca, Joe H. Chow, Concepts for design of FACTS
Controllers to damp Power Swings, IEEE Trans on Power Systems, Vol.-10, No.-2, May
1995.
4. Gyugyi L., Unified Power Flow Control Concept For Flexible Ac Transmission, IEEE
Proc-C Vol.-139, No.-4 July, 1992.
5. Arrilaga, J. ‘High voltage direct current transmission’ Peter Pereginver Ltd, London

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