Introduc Ion Ychologist's View: PPDT: A P
Introduc Ion Ychologist's View: PPDT: A P
CONTENTS
3
■ Introduct ion
5-9
■ PPDT: A psychologist's view
10-11
■ OLQs
12
■ Basics of psychological tests
■ TAT: How to master story writing 12-18
Word Association Test with the troops and cannot have any bias towards anyone that will hinder the effe ctive
This test is the first confirmatory test that a psychologist will use . The 15 OLQs which were functioning of the troops .
assessed in the TAT have to be confirmed by the WAT. Any behavior, whether it is positive or 2. Personal response:
negative, has to be consistently exhibited by the candidate. This process of confirmation happens
a. A response which uses I, he/ she, we, they, you, all come under this category.
w ithin the test (from one story to another or one sentence to another) as well as between the tests
b. Writing these responses frequently projects you as an individual oriented person.
(between TAT, WAT and SRT responses) .
c. It also indicates that a person has lack of knowledge and limited social awareness.
Brief instructions:
1. This is a test of imagination . In this test you will be shown a number of words one after d. To be an officer, one has to be more knowledgeable than their subordinates and has to
have more social understanding.
another.
2. After seeing each word, whatever thought comes to your mind first, express it in the form of a 3. Suggestion response:
sentence. a. A response using should, would, must, don't, be, never, etc., comes under this category.
3. You mayor may not use the word to express your thought. b. Writing many of these responses projects an individual who lacks specific qualities. For
4. If after seeing a word you don't get a thought, leave the space given for that serial number example, lack of knowledge, lack of confidence, low stamina and a highly casual nature.
blank. c. Again, knowledge, confidence, stamina and responsibility are the most important
qualities of an officer.
5. There will be a total of 60 words given .
Acceptable responses
6. Each word will be shown for 15 seconds. Within this time you have to see the word as well as
write the sentences . 1. Positive opinion:
7. After every 20 words there will be a blank slide which will help you to turn the pages. a. A response where a candidate writes something positive is called a positive opinion .
8. An example word will be shown before starting the test. b. These responses bring out your positive attitude and the regard you have fo r other
people .
The responses to the WAT can be categorized under two headings:
c. They are acceptable, even if they are personally oriented .
1. Unacceptable responses (negative)
2. Factual response:
2. Acceptable responses (positive)
a. A response which brings out facts and figures .
Unacceptable responses :
b. This type of response is quite common among candidates .
These are responses which bring out your negative qualities; therefore a candidate has to be
careful about writing them . c. It brings out a person's knowledge and quick thinking ability under stress.
3. Observation response:
The following are unacceptable responses:
a. Any response that focuses on wh t · h .
1. Negativeopinion: a is appening around you is called an observation
response .
a. A response where you blame an individual or a group brings out your negative attitude.
b. It is a highly appreciated . .
. . . response as it brings out your logical thinking skills and speed of
b. Sometimes these responses bring out your biased or prejudiced nature . 1mag1nat1on .
d. Remember, the armed forces have soldiers from different religions, regions, languages, d. Again, this is acommon kind of response given by candi dates.
castes and cultures working together. In that environment an officer has to be adaptable
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4. Proverbs: 5. Revolt:
Personal I revolt against teachers
a. They are universal in nature.
Suggestion One should not revolt against authority
b. Writing them may not bring out your qualities. Revolting against authority is necessary
Negative opinion
c. However, they can be used to fill in any blanks. Positive opinion A leader averted the revolt within the factory
Other points to remember in the WAT: Factual The Indian revolt happened in 1857
1. Do not answer the word with a single word, as per the present testing protocol (the new De- Observational Revolution brought socio-economic changes
novo system where you have to write three related words for the given word). 6. Fight:
Personal I fight with my brother
2. The sentences you make have to be complete and meaningful.
Suggestion One should never fight with others
3. Do not repeat any sentences again and again. Even if similar kinds of word appear again, write
Negative opinion Fighting is the best option
a different or better response.
Positive opinion Achievers fight against themselves
4. Try to complete all your responses within the given time.
Factual India fought four wars with Pakistan
5. Do not use sentences using opposite to the word given. Observational Fighting makes a person mentally strong
6. Do not use colloquial language. 7. Rough:
Personal I did the rough work in a notebook
7. Make sure not to commit any grammar and spelling mistakes.
Suggestion One should do the rough work before the main work
8. Project yourself as a positive person.
Negative opinion Police handled the person roughly
9. Do not write defence related ideas too often.
Positive opinion Uneducated people are rough natured
Factual Surface roughness causes friction
Set-1: Observational A rough situation makes a person tough
1. Quit:
8. Disarray.
Personal I do not quit easily
Personal I do not like disarray
Suggestion One should not quit before completing the task
I Suggestion One should avoid being in disarray
The loser quits easily
I Negative opinion
Negative opinion Disarray shows a person's carelessness
Positive opinion Winners try many times before quitting
Positive opinion Winners avoid being in disarray
Factual The Quit India movement started in 1947
Factual Because of Pakistan, Kashmir is in disarray
Observational Quitting bad habits is the beginning of success
Observational Demonetization has left the country in disarray
9 Discomfort.
2. Failure:
Personal He failed in the exam Personal He does not like discomfort
Suggestion One should not fail in life Suggestion One should live with discomfort
Negative opinion My friend failed due to being too casual Negative opinion I feel discomfort with others
I
I
Failure makes a man stronger Positive opinion Discomfort enables a person to learn things easily
Positive opinion
Pakistan's attempt to get into India was a failure Factual The sudden movement of the VIP caused discomfort
Factual
Failure teaches lessons for a better life Observational Discomforting things make a person work harder
Observational -
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10. Danger: 15 Mistrust :
I like playi ng with dang er I have no trust in others
Personal Personal
thing s
Suggestion One shou ld not play with dang erou s Suggestion One should not develop mistr ust
Negative opini on
life is full of dang ers Negative opinion lover s often mistr ust each other
Observational
He is a foul person
Personal
14. Misl ed: h
One should not comm it a foul in a matc
Personal I was misled by my friend s - Suggestion
Foul people are parasites on socie ty
Suggestion Don' t mislead other s - Negative opinion
Foul plays teaches lessons of life
Politicians are always misle ading Positive opini on
Negative opini on
The foul player was shown a red card
An alert person avoids being misle d - Factual
Positive opini on
Sulphur has a foul smell
Pakistan misled the world on terro rism - Observational
I
Factual
adve rtise ment
Youngsters unde rstoo d the misleading
I Observational
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20. Confuse : 25 o pposition ·
Persona l He gets confused I don 't like to be opposed
Personal
One sh ould not be confused
1- - - ~S~ug~g~e:_:s~ti~o::_:n_ __J'..__ _ _ _ _ --:--_-;--=--::-::;-::-=-=:::::~-::-;;:::~~~- - - - - -- Suggestion One should not oppose one 's parents
~ Negative opinion f A confused person is a loser in life
Negative opinion I hate the oppositio n party
Positive oprn,on 1 Co nfusion can be removed by clear thought Opposition party plays stronger role
Positive opinion
Factwl I Th e player was confused after the decision
Factual India opposed China 's claim on the Dalai Lama
Observ;irior. al / Choosing between careers is always confusing Good oppositio n is a boon to democra cy
Observational
21 Bad · 26 Disturb·
Personal I don't like bad people I disturb my brother
I Personal
Suggesuon I One should avoid bad habits Suggestion One should not disturb others
Negat,~ e opin,on Bad people should be punished severely Negative opinion Politicians disturb the people too often
I
Bad children are cute to talk
Posi tive o;;inior. I Positive opinion Internal disturbances are controlle d by police
I Facual I Bad Boys was a good movie Factual Water disturbance is caused by turbulen ce
Observa tiona l I Bad qualities can be rehabilita ted Observational Rather disturbin g help others to achieve the task
i
U . Rude : 27. Fear:
Personal He is a rude person Personal I have fear of water
I
One should not be rude to others One should have no fear
~
Suggc-stio -i Suggestion
Negat ,ve o;JJn1on My teacher was rude to my friend Negative opinion He is a fearful person
'
Positive opm,on I Rude children are made tha t way by parents Positive opinion He comes out strongly against fe ar
•actual The police were rude in dealing with terrorists Factual The Indian weapon system was feared by its enemies
c---
Ob5€ rvar, onal Being polite eliminates ru deness Observational Fear of failure leads to mental stress
23 . Cheat: 28. Bluff :
Personal I do not cheat Personal I do not bluff
I I
Suggesiion One should not cheat one' s parents Suggestion One should not bluff oth ers
I I
I Negatrve opinion I He is the most famous cheater of all time
Negative opinion Bluffing your parent s is good for ga ining money
i Factual
Pa kista n cheated India with terrorism
Factual Paki stan often bluffs Indi a
I Observatio nal
Cheati ng yields no satisfaction to a person
Observational Bluffing others brings about one's own downfal l
24. Defea t . 29. Tense:
C
-
1hate traitors 35. Self :
Personal
One should not be a traitor Personal I like myself
Suggestion
--- Suggestion Don't be a selfish person
Traitors should be hanged
Negative opinion
Traitors can be changed for the better --- Negative opinion
My friend acted selfishly in the task
Positive opinion
Pakistan named Jadhav as a traitor -- Positive opinion
My friend acted selflessly in the task
Factual
Observational Traitors are the homeless citizens -- Factual
India is focused on self-sustainable energy
The self of a person is developed by experiences
Observational
31 Vulgar·
Personal He used vulgar language 36. Problem :
Personal I hate problems
Suggestion One should avoid using vulgar language in front of kids
Suggestion One should solve his own problems
Negative opinion Cinema promotes vulgarity
Negative opinion Bad people create problems for others
Posit ive opinion Women are against vulgarity
Positive opinion Social people help to solve others' problems
Factual Vulgar movies were banned for adolescents
Factual Unemployment is India's biggest problem
Observational Open talk brings clarity about vulgarity
Observational Every problem has multiple solutions
32 Curse ·
Personal He cursed his enemy 37. Doubt:
Personal I have a doubt
Suggest ion Don't curse others unnecessarily
Suggestion Don 't have too many doubts
Negative opinion Politicians are a curse on society
Negative opinion Expressing doubts is irritating
Positive opinion Cursing others is not a good option
Positive opinion Teachers resolve the doubts of students
Factual The cursed island has terror stories
Factual India doubted Pakistan's intention
Observational Not cursing at others shows a controlled mind
Observational Clarifying doubts requires thorough understanding
33. Coward:
38 Die·
Personal I am not a coward Personal I don't want to die
Suggestion One should not be a coward Suggestion One should die for one's country
Negative opinion Cowards are back stabbers Negative opinion Death of people is mandatory
Positive opin ion Courageous people are against cowardly attacks Positive opinion Soldiers have dignified death
Factual The Pulwama attack was a cowardly act Factual The country's death rate has decreased
Observational
The coward was made courageous by the situation . Observational Death Race was a Hollywood movie
34. Dismiss :
39. Blunder :
Personal -
I dismissed him Personal I committed a blunder
Suggestion -
One should not dismiss employees unnecessarily Suggestion One should not commit any blunders
Negative opinion -
My friend was dismissed from college Negative opinion My father committed a blunder in making me be an engineer
Positive opinion -
The troop was dismissed after drill Positive opinion Leaders commit fewer blunders
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Factual
India dismissed China's fake claim Factual Pakistan made a blunder by attacking Ind ia
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Observational
People can dismiss the government in democracy Observational Experience helps to reduce blunders
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40 Lose· ~ 44 Lonely·
Personal I lost my pen I feel lonely
~
Personal
Suggestion One should not lose his temper Don't stay lonely
Suggestion
Negative opinion A loser quits easily My friend is a loner
Negative opinion
Positive opinion Losing is a part of sports
- Loners can make friends
Positive opinion
Factual Sri Lanka lost in the 2011 ewe Factual Lonely Planet connects students effectively
Observational Losing weight is a good aim for staying fit Observational Doing things alone can be satisfying
41 Dislike· 45 Late·
Personal I dislike her Personal He was late to the party
Suggestion Don 't dislike others Suggestion Don't be late for the exam
Negative opinion Politicians dislike sincere officers Negative opinion Losers always arrive late
Posi tive opinion Winners dislike sleeping too much Positive opinion Winners avoid being late
Factual It is good to dislike unwanted things Factual India replied late to the US on tax issues
Observational Disliking people can be dangerous in groups Observational Punctual people avoid coming late to work
42. Discuss : 46. Challenge :
Persona l I discussed it with a friend Personal I accepted the challenge
Suggestion One should not fight in a discussion Suggestion Do not challenge others unnecessarily
Nega tive opinion My friend argues too much in a discussion Negative opinion My friend challenged me for the task
Positive opinion Discussion brings people together Positive opinion Good friends complete their challenges together
Factual India initiated a discussion with Canada Factual India challenged Australia in the hockey final
Observational Discussion gives better solutions to problems Observational Challenges bring out the best in people
38. Die ; 47. Kill :
Personal I don't want to die Personal I killed a mosquito
Suggestion One should die for one's country Suggestion Don't kill animals
Negative opin ion Negative opinion !SIS killed Muslim people
Death of people is mandatory
Positive opinion Positive opin ion Killing bad habits helps to one to improve oneself
Soldiers have dignified death
Factual Factual 6 terrorists were killed by the army
The country's death rate has decreased
Observational Observational A killer instinct helps a person to ach ieve a task
Death Race was a Hollywood movie
43. Irritate. 48. Obstacle :
Persona/ Personal I crossed the obstacle
I don't irritate others
Suggestion Suggestion One should jump over an obstacle
One should not irritate animals
Negative opinion Negative opinion My brother cannot cross obstacles
My brother has an irritating nature
Positive opinion Positive opinion A leader crosses obstacles with his team
Irritating people require special attention
Factual
Irritation in the eyes caused by acid
- Factual The caste system is an obstacle to the nation 's development
Observational - Observational Obstacles can be overcome by practice
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49. Excuse:
Excuse me -
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Personal
Observational
Creative people have more roles in the field of fantasy Children grace themselves with their smiles
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59. Love:
I love my father --- 3. o·ISCI"pline ·
I am a disciplined person
Personal
--- Personal
-----
One should love his family
Suggestion Suggestion One should be disciplined in life
Love is blind
Negative opinion Negative opinion Losers are undisciplined
Lovers understand each other very well
Positive opinion Positive opinion The army teaches a disciplined life
Love makes life happy
Factual Factual Psychology is a discipline of social science
Loving one's profession takes one to greater heights
Observational - Observational Discipline makes life systematic
Factual Skin care is gaining popularity Factual Earth's escape velocity is 11.2 km/s
Observational caring for others unconditionally is an urgent need nowadays Observational Escaping from problems yields no good results
5 Government :
Personal Our government is good
Suggestion The government should be people oriented
Negative opinion Government failed to bring up poor people
Positive opinion The government took effective step in population control
Set- 2:
Factual Congress governed for 60 years
1 Army· Observational The government made by people for democracy
Personal I want to join the army
6. Master:
Suggestion One must serve in the army Personal I'm a master in physics
Negative opinion The AFSPA is against human rights Suggestion One should be a master of his subject
Positive opinion The army protects the country from its enemies Negative opinion No one can be a master in life
Factual The Indian army is the third largest in the world Positive opinion Good people master life skills
Observational The army teaches the best way of serving the nation Factual Sachin is known as a master blaster
2. Bright: Observational Mastering a skill makes a person successful
Personal I'm a bright person 7. Slick:
Suggestion
One should have a bright future
- Personal I was sick yesterday
Negative opinion Suggestion One should not fall sick
Low scoring does not lead to a bright future
Positive opinion Negative opinion Traitors are the sick minded people of the nation
Children aim for a bright life
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8. Principle : I live on principles
Suggestion
He felt safe
One should be safe while driving
- Suggestion
Negative opinion
One should keep good company
Bad company affects our behavior
Negative opinion
Positive opinion
The robber broke the safe
- Positive opinion Good company raises people's standards
Factual
Wearing a helmet is safer
- Factual Tata emerged well as a group of companies
-
Observational
Drugs save lives
Safety is a primary tool -- t:: :
Observational Learning is an essential part of companionsh ip
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18. Family: I love my family 23 Pay:
Personal Personal He was paid a salary
He has no family
- -----
Suggestion Suggestion One should pay for his wrong deeds
Family makes a person weaker
Negative opinion Negative opinion The manager stole the payment
Family is the backbone of development
Salary paid in time is desirable
Positive opinion
----- Positive opinion
Factual
Observational
Family planning was successful in the south states
Suggestion One should not lie Suggestion One should not feel sorry after work
Negative opinion Pakistan lied about terrorism Negative opinion Doing negative things make him feel sorry
Positive opinion Lying yields bad results Positive opinion Feeling sorry shows maturity
Fa ctual A lie detector is used in investigation Factual The world was sorry for the terrorists attack
Observational Lying is dangerous in a relationship Observational Children learn to forgive when taught to say sorry
Suggestion One should score well with merit Suggestion One should remove shyness
Factual
The nation's interest is more important than any individual's
Observational
- Observational Trust is built over a long period
Every nation is developed by its citizens
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28. Ambition : 33 Letter
My ambition is to be an officer
Personal I wrote a letter to my friend
Personal
One should have clear ambition One should write neatly
Suggestion ---------- Suggestion
Lazy people have no ambition in life --------- The letter was full of useless content
Negative opinion Negative opinion
Ambition drives a person to move forward ------ Positive opinion Letter from parents makes hostlers emotional
Positive opinion
Factual
Mangalyan was an ambitious mission for thelSRO ---- Factual A letter is part of the alphabet
Ambition motivates people to always work better ----- Observational Letter writing improves students' skills
Observational ~
29 Cannot ·
Personal
I cannot quit -- 34 Interest :
Personal I'm interested in this job
One cannot do negative work Suggestion One should have interest in life
Suggestion
He cannot achieve success in life Negative opinion Negative people have no interest
Negative opinion
Life cannot stop for anything Positive opinion An optimist develops an interest on their own
Positive opinion
Pakistan cannot get into Kashmir Factual The RBI cut the banks' ROI to 0.5 %
Factual
Things done cannot be undone Observational Interest makes a person learn things quick and easy
Observational
35. Income:
30. Compete :
Personal His income was low
Personal I compete with my friend
Suggestion One should get a good income
Suggestion One should not compete with others
Negative opinion Income is inadequate in the cities
Negative opinion His competition is unnecessary
Positive opinion Social service offers less income
Positive opinion Competition makes things interesting
Factual The per capita income is low in India
Factual India is competing with other nations in space research
Observational The standard income gives people peace of mind
Observational Competition brings out the best in everyone
36. Control :
31. Assurance :
Personal He controls his anger
Personal He needs assurances
Suggestion One should control ones desires when doing tasks
Suggestion One should not look for assurances
Negative opinion Lack of control leads to disaster
Negative opinion Poor people seek financial assurance
Positive opinion Controlling oneself is essential for success
Positive opinion Good people give assurance to others - Factual India controlled cross border terrorism
Factual New India Assurance is a known company
Observational Controlling one's mind makes a person stronger in life
Observational
32. Wise.
Assurances help a person overcome problems - 37. Listen:
~
Personal I listen to songs
Personal
I'm a wise person
Suggestion
- Suggestion One should listen to their parents
One should think wisely ~
Observational
Birbal was a wise person
Experience makes a person wiser in life
--- Observational Listening makes a person a better learner
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38. Watch:
1have a costly watch 43 Steal :
Personal
Suggestion
One should watch his words ---- Personal I don't steal anything
Personal
I love dancing
- 47. Depression:
Personal
- He was depressed by the event
Suggestion
Negative opinion
Positive opinion
One should dance well
Dancing is waste of time for some people
--- Suggestion
Negative opinion
One should not be depressed by their problems
My friend committed suicide due to depression
Dancing improves a person's strength Positive opinion Drugs help to reduce depression
---
Fact ual
Observational
Dance India Dance was a hit
Dancers bring tradition and history to life
- Factual
Observational
Depression among adults has increased 100 %
A strong moral character helps to overcome depression
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53 Strong:
He has good living conditions
Personal I'm a strong person
Personal
one should not put any condition on their parents One should be strong during troubles
Sugestion Suggestion
Women always insist on conditions A weak person may commit suicide
Negative opinion Negative opinion
Conditions improve over time Strong people brave the consequences
Positive opinion Positive opinion
Pakistan's condition is deteriorating Factual Freedom fighters are strong in nature
fadUal
E)bsen,ational Education and health conditions require immediate attention Observational Mentally strong people face the world with a smile
'
. .
Personal
I'm a teacher
One should teach good things
- 54 Crime:
Personal
Suggestion
He committed a crime
One should fight against crime
SUgestion
Negative opinion Politicians teach bad things Negative opinion Police committed the crime
, ': Positive opinion Religion teaches love Positive opinion Crime is controlled by vigilance
Teachers teach in school Factual Crime rates are increasing in the country
-~ :::J fadual
·,: 'i'. Life teaches the best things everyday Observational Bringing social change can reduce crime in society
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55. Window:
Pe,sonal I saved 1000 rupees Personal He sat near the window
Sugestlon One should save for the future Suggestion One should cross the window to grow
Losers fail to save Negative opinion Skeptical people have less window
Saving keeps life meaningful Positive opinion Life opens a window for us to grow
India saved solar eAergy for electricity usage Factual Single window counseling done at IIT
Observational Women are flying through the windows to succeed
Lif~saving drugs are essential for poor nations
56. Press:
Personal He pressed his parents for a gift
I have a costly mobile
Suggestion One should not press others unnecessarily
One should not use their mobile too much
Negative opinion Press people have no ethics
Mobile addiction spoils relationships
Positive opinion The media and press are the fourth pillar of demotracy
Mobiles make transactions easier
Factual The Press Act was enacted in 1931
Most mobiles have the Android platform
Observational Life gives us situations that press us to have more strength
Mobile phones have shrunk the world into our hands
57. Leave:
Personal I was on leave yesterday
He loves gambling
Suggestion One should not leave a task undone
One should not gamble for money
Negative opinion Losers leave things unaccomplished
Gamblers have no family concerns
Positive opinion A good leader leaves no stone unturned
Business men gamble all the time
Factual The British left India in 1950
Gambling was banned in India
Observational Better to learn rather than leaving a job unfinished
lessons of life are like gambling
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58 . Thr eat ·
Personal He was und er thr eat
Suggestion One should avoid thre ate nin g situ
atio ns
Negative opinion A bom b thre at was ma de to the
sta tion
Positive opinion Soldiers face thre ats bravely
Factual Terrorism is a thr eat to the wo rld
Observational Religious tolerance reduces the thr
eat to nat ion s
59. Me et: I
Personal I me t my frie nd
Suggestion
----
One should not me et wit h acc ide
nt -
Negative opinion The person died afte r me etin g an
acc ide nt -
Positive opinion Me etin g people increases one 's
kno wle dge
Factual Mo di attended the me etin g of wo
rld leaders
Observational lnlife, people me et each oth er at
diff ere nt tim es
60. Concern :
Personal
I have social con cer ns
Suggestion
One should have con cer n for the
poo r
Negative opinion
No need to sho w con cer n
Positive opinion
Rather con cer nin g its bet ter hel
pin g
Factual
Global wa rmi ng is of gre at con cer
Observational n
Social concern makes a per son rich
at hea rt
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