PRACTICE TEST 29

SECTION A: Listening
Part 1: Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.
Which documents could Sam use as proof of her name
Example: passport
1……………..
driving license
2……………..
benefit book
Which could she use as proof of her address
council tax bill
3…………….
insurance certificate
phone bill (fixed line)
4……………
electricity bill
Complete note below
Name of bank? Savings Bank
Open which days? Monday-Friday
Opening hours? 5……………….
9.30-3.30
Where? 6……………….
ground floor
Free gift? 7……………….
no/nothing

Part 2: Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.

Photographing waterfalls
Hannah took her first waterfall photo when she was (1)………. years old. nearly 13/12
She used a camera belong to her (2)……….. to take the photos in the mountains.teacher
She believes that (3)……….. is the best time of the year to photograph waterfalls. the spring
She avoids photographing waterfalls in (4)………. weather. sunny
She loves taking photos of water hitting (5)………… below. the rocks
In winter, the photographer should avoid treading on any (6)……………snow that may appear in a picture.
Hannah likes to take pictures from the (7)…………side of smaller waterfalls.
Hannah once took a photo of (8)………….a huge fish in a waterfall.
Part 3: Listen to part of a radio programme about a psychological condition known as prosopagnosia.
Decide whether the statements are true (T) or false (F). (10 points)
1. The speaker compares face-blindness to the inability to hear. F
2. Scientists do not understand how normal people remember faces. T
3. The face-blind subjects could not distinguish between the faces or the objects. F
4. Some people with this condition are so severely affected that they cannot recognise members of their own
family. T
5. It could help scientists to understand human evolution if they knew more about face-blindness. T
Part 4: Choose the best answer A,B or C
1. Why did Sophie take up translating ?
A. She had studied modern languages as university
B. She sometimes used to translation for friends
C. She enjoyed reading texts in other languages.
2. Which, according Sophie, are the most difficult things to translate?
A. cultural references B. informal expressions C. scientific and technical. words
3. Where does Sophie get most of work?
A. directly from official organizations B. through translation agencies C. from contacts in private companies
4. What does she say about money?
A. She earns less now than she used to B. She thinks she pays too much tax C. She seldom get paid on time
5. Sophie believes that in the future
A. translating will all the done by machines
B. more languages will need to translated
C. translators will have to better trained
SECTION B: Lexico-Grammar
I. Choose the letter A,B,C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the following
questions.
1. There has been a lot of ____ surrounding the government’s proposed scheme.
A. controversy B. consent C. conformity D. consequence
2. Our town has a real problem with youth crime, ____ do many other British towns.
A. so B. nor C. as D. like
3. Warning: anyone caught stealing from these premises will be _____.
A. advocated B. undermined C. prosecuted D. enforced
4. The local authorities need to _____ down on illegal parking, in my opinion. start dealing with bad or illegal
A. hit B. force C. move behaviour in a more severe way
D. crack
good enough
5. If the service isn’t up to standard, I think you have _____ right to complain.
A. all B. each C. much D. every
tell someone what to do in a rude or threatening way
6. Jim’s tough character and certainly won’t let anyone push him ______.
A. up B. off C. around D. through
7. The ______ I don’t understand is why Emily lets her boyfriend get away with it.
A. reason B. object C. item D. thing
8. My uncle pulled a few _____ and got me a job in the company where he works.
make use of your influence and contacts to gain an advantage unofficially or unfairly
A. ropes B. strings C. threads D. chords
9. Although she would have preferred to carry on working, my mum ___ her career in order to have children.
A. devoted B. repealed C. sacrificed D. abolished
10. I find the offer quite ____, but I think I’d rather study at Oxford.
A. tempting B. desirous C. inclined D. envious
11. I don’t normally like noisy clubs, but I had a sudden _____ to see what the Blue Parrot was like.
A. force B. motive C. pressure D. impulse
12. Jerry loves snowboarding so much that it’s almost like a drug ________.
A. passion B. obsession C. addiction D. requirement
13. I don’t want to do the course in applied statistics, but it’s ______.
A. compulsory B. inevitable C. bound D. indecisive
14. Don’t worry about me – I’m quite ______ to sit here and wait for you to come back.
To be happy or satisfied with something
A. ecstatic B. delighted C. joyful D. content with sth
15. When I was pregnant, I often got a sudden _____ for tinned sardines.
Strong feeling of wanting something
A. preference B. craving C. envy D. greed
16. Thank you for thinking of us, but I’m afraid we’re going to have to _____ your kind invitation.
A. decline B. deny C. condemn D. reject
17. I’ve never seen anyone so _____ to their job as Philip is.
A. eager B. keen C. dedicated D. interested
18. Why do you have such a _____ with model railways?
A. desire B. fascination C. love D. preference
19. I wish you would stop wasting so much time on computer games and do something a little more _____.
A. welcome B. enviable C. feasible D. worthwhile
20. Olivia has always ______ to return to the country she was born in.
to desire something strongly
A. favoured B. yearned C. urged D. inclined
II. Complete these sentences, using the suitable form of the words in brackets.
1. Computers were sold ______ for the first time in the 1950s. (COMMERCE) commercially
2. He was deeply ______ about his late arrival. (APOLOGIZE) apologetic
3. Family members discuss problems frankly and find ______ quickly. (SOLVE) solutions
4. There are differences and ______ between Vietnamese and American cultures. (SIMILARLY) similarities
5. At weekends, early morning phone calls can be so ______ because it is the time when people sleep late.
(STARTLE) startling
6. This is only hatred ______ by racial prejudice. (GENERATION)generated
7. He is not able to read or write; he is a(an) ______ child. (LITERACY) illiterate
8. She’s involved in many _______ activities, such as music, sport and drama. (CURRICULUM) extra-curricular
 the sequence of numbers assigned to pages in a
book
9. The _____ of this document is wrong! There’s no page 13. (PAGE) pagination /ˌpadʒɪˈneɪʃn/
10. The general director was blamed for his ______ of the company’s business. (HANDLE) mishandling
III. The passage below contains 10 mistakes. Find out and correct them.

Even before the turn of the century, movies began to develop in two major directions: the
realistic and the formalistic. Realism and formalism are merely general, rather than absolute,
used
terms. When using to suggest a tendency toward either polarity, such labels can be helpful,
in
but at the end they are still just labels. Fewexclusively
films are exclusive formalist in style, and fewer
yet are completely realist. There is also an important difference between realism and reality,
distinction whereas/while
although this distinct is often forgotten. Realism is a particular style, where physical reality
is the source of all the raw materials of film, both realistic and formalistic. Virtually all movie
directors go to the photographable world for their subject matter, but what they do with this
how
material - what they shape and manipulate it - determines their stylistic emphasis.
Generally speaking, realistic films attempt to reproduce the surface of concrete reality with a
minimum of distortion. In photographing objects and events, the filmmaker tries to suggest
itself
the copiousness of life himself. Both realist and formalist film directors must select (and hence
emphasize) certain details from the chaotic sprawl of reality. But the element of selectivity in
realistic films is less obvious. Realists, in short, try to preserve the illusion that their film
world is unmanipulated, an objective mirror of the actual world. Formalists, on the other hand,
raw
make no such pretense. They deliberately stylize and distort their crude materials so that only
would
the very naive should mistake a manipulated image of an object or event to the real thing.
for
SECTION C: Reading comprehension
I. Choose the correct answer from the four options marked A, B, C, or D to complete each numbered gap in
the following passage.
These days in business, people have to face many challenging questions when designing and
implementing new projects in underdeveloped areas of the countryside. One issue which has to be faced is
whether it is possible to introduce new technology without destroying the local environment.
Economic (1)_________ and environment conservation are often seen as natural enemies. It is
unfortunate that in the past this has often been true, and it has been necessary to choose between (2)_________
the project or protecting the environment. However, by taking environmental considerations (3)_________ at
an early stage in a project, companies can significantly reduce any impact on local plants and animals.
For example, in southern Africa, a company called CEL, was asked to put up 410 km of a power
transmission line without disturbing the rare birds which inhabit that area. The project was carried out with
(4)_________ disturbance last summer. What may surprise many business people is the fact that this
consideration for local wildlife did not in any way (5)_________ down the project. Indeed, the necessary
advance planning (6)_________ with local knowledge and advanced technology, (7)_________ that the project
was actually completed ahead of schedule. CEL was contracted to finish the job by October and (8)_________
to do so two months earlier.
CEL is one of those companies which is (9)_________ to the principle of environmental conservation.
Many other companies have yet to be (10)_________ of the importance of balancing the needs of people with
those of the environment. However, it may be the only realistic way forward.
1. A. progression B. development C. rise D. increase
2. A. dealing B. leading C. running D. controlling
3. A. severely B. gravely C. seriously D. deeply
4. A. minimal B. bare C. least D. smallest
5. A. slow B. speed C. turn D. hold
6. A. related B. added C. combined D. tied
7. A. led B. meant C. resulted D. caused
8. A. achieved B. managed C. succeeded D. fulfilled
9. A. persuaded B. convicted C. promised D. committed
10. A. urged B. impressed C. argued D. convinced

II. Read the text and fill in each blank with one most suitable word.
It was an unusually dark night. In the middle of ___1___ an enjoyable dream, Jim thought he heard his dog
barking loudly. He groaned and glanced at his clock sleepily. Twelve o'clock the green fluorescent hands of
___2___
his clock read. Suddenly, Jim heard hushed voices outside his house. He immediately became alert and
out
jumped ___3___ of bed. As his parents had gone on a holiday. Jim was alone at home. He decided to investigate
who was outside. who
As he walked towards his bedroom door, Jim, however, became afraid. He wondered ___4___could be outside
his house in the dead of the ___5___ night. His imagination began to run wild. He pictured in his mind armed
robbers who were waiting to break into the house. He even imagined supernatural forces such as ghosts and
werewolves. In the end, Jim changed his mind___6___ about going out of the house. ___7___,
instead he locked his bedroom
door and crawled under his bed. With his heart in his mouth, he waited for the intruders. Suddenly, there was a
clicking sound and he heard the front door open.
have
"Jim?" said a familiar voice
___8___. It was his father! Jim felt weak with relief. His parents must ___9___ returned
home earlier than he had expected.what ___10___ a fright they had given him!
III. Read the passage and then choose the correct option (A, B, C, or D) for each question below.
1) Science plays a crucial role in identifying problems related to how natural systems function and deteriorate,
particularly when they are affected by an external factor. In turn, scientific findings shape the policies
introduced to protect such systems where necessary. Experts are frequently called upon by politicians to provide
evidence which can be used to make scientifically sound, or at least scientifically justifiable policy decisions.
2) Issues arise as there are frequent disagreements between experts over the way data is gathered and interpreted.
An example of the former is the first scientific evidence of a hole in the ozone layer by the British Antarctic
Survey. (A) The findings were at first greeted by the scientific community with scepticism, as the British
Antarctic Survey was not yet an established scientific community. (B) Moreover, it was generally believed that
satellites would have picked up such ozone losses if they were indeed occurring. (C) It was not until the
methodology of NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center was reviewed that it became apparent that data had been
overlooked. (D)
3) With regards to the latter, controversy between scientists may arise where data analysis appears to support
one policy over another. In 1991, the World Resource Institute (WRI) published estimates of net emissions and
sinks of greenhouse gases for a number of countries, including India. The report provoked criticisms among
Indian scientists who argued that the figures had failed to take some significant factors into account, leading to
overestimated emission values. The WRI was accused of blaming less economically developed countries for
global warming; a stance which, if accepted, could impede industrialisation and sustain, even widen, the wealth
gap.
4) Problems regarding the scientific method are well documented and it is widely accepted by the scientific
community that, however consistent scientists are in their procedures, the results born under different
circumstances can vary markedly. A number of factors influence research, among them the organisation of a
laboratory, the influence of prevailing theories, financial constraints and the peer review process. Consequently,
scientists tend to believe they are not in a position to bear universal truths but to reveal tendencies.
5) However, this is countered by two factors. Firstly, certain scientific institutions wish to maintain a degree of
status as ‘bearers of truth’. Further, policy makers uphold this understanding by requesting scientific certainties
in order to legitimise their policy decisions. According to a number of authors who have documented this
process, decision makers do not necessarily try to obtain all the information which is or could be made available
regarding an issue. Rather, they select that information which is necessary to fulfil their goals, information
termed as ‘half-knowledge’. Attempts to underplay transboundary issues such as water provision and pollution
are cases in point. Politicians clearly cannot pretend that certain data do not exist if they are well-known in
scientific communities or national borders, but some discretion is evident, especially where there is controversy
and uncertainty.
6) It is important to note that policies regarding scientific issues are influenced in no small part by societal
factors. These include the relative importance of certain environmental issues, the degree of trust in the
institutions conducting the research, and not least the social standing of those affected by the issue. In other
words, environmental problems are in many ways socially constructed according to the prevailing cultural,
economic and political conditions within a society. It has been suggested, for example, that contemporary 'post-
materialist' Western societies pay greater attention to 'quality' - including environmental quality – than 'quantity'.
This theory does not necessarily assume that people of low-income countries have no interest in environmental
protection, as the example of the Chipko movement in India clearly demonstrates, but demonstrates that the
way a resource is valued varies widely among different communities.
7) Finally, it cannot be denied that the ‘issue of the day’ changes constantly. One issue becomes more or less
urgent than another, based on current events. Concurrently, new issues enter the political agenda. It has been
noted that it often takes a 'policy entrepreneur', someone who dedicates time, energy and financial resources to
a certain issue, to raise its profile. Furthermore, whether an issue is taken up by political, environmental or
media groups, depends very much on the degree to which it suits their particular agenda, not to mention budget.
1. With reference to paragraph 1, which of the following pieces of research would be NOT be relevant to this
article?
A. the effect of climate change on weather patterns in Africa
B. whether or not low level radiation increases the risk of cancer
C. how acid rain impacts species within a lake ecosystem
D. a comparison of the species present in two areas of woodland
2. What is the purpose of the example of ozone data given in paragraph 2?
A. to show that NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center used unreliable methods of gathering scientific data
B. to show how data gathering methods and the status of scientists may affect the way data is regarded
C. to prove that it is wrong to dismiss evidence which comes from a non-established source
D. to show how NASA and the British Antarctic Survey disagreed over the correct way to gather ozone data.
3. Where in paragraph 2 does this sentence best fit?
This was because of the way their computers had been programmed to discard any readings which appeared
anomalous.
A. (A) B. (B) C. (C) D. (D)
4. Paragraph 3 gives an example of a dispute over…
A. which country was most responsible for producing greenhouse gases
B. the pollution caused by multinational companies in India.
C. how statistics were interpreted and presented.
D. erroneous data which resulted from a poorly-funded experiment.
5. In paragraph 5, ‘this’ refers to…
A. the scientific method and its inherent problems.
B. the belief that scientists cannot reveal universal truths.
C. the variation in scientific results under different circumstances.
D. the list of factors which influence scientific research.
6. What is meant by this sentence?
‘Further, policy makers uphold this understanding by requesting scientific certainties in order to
legitimise their policy decisions.’
A. Politicians when seeking evidence for policy-making, do not understand the fact that scientists are unable
to act as ‘bearers of truth’.
B. Politicians consider the scientific research that supports their policies as more legitimate than other
research.
C. Scientific institutions encourage politicians to use them for policy-making in order to improve their status.
D. Politicians, when seeking evidence for policy-making, encourage the belief that scientists can produce
incontestable facts.
7. Which sentence best sums up the ideas in paragraph 4?
A. Scientists are aware that their work cannot present incontrovertible facts.
B. If scientists were more consistent, they could create more reliable evidence.
C. Variations in how research is conducted often affect its validity.
D. Scientists spend more time documenting problems than conducting research.
8. Why are ‘transboundary issues such as water provision and pollution’ referred to in paragraph 5?
A. to illustrate situations in which politicians pretend that certain data does not exist
B. to illustrate situations in which incorrect information is given by scientific institutions keen to maintain
their status.
C. to illustrate situations in which politicians are selectiive with regards to what data they gather
D. to illustrate situations in which policy makers request scientists to present them with scientific certainties,
even though none exist.
9. What can be inferred about the Chipko movement?
A. It was an example of how people in low-income countries have little interest in environmental protection.
B. It was an example of how different people within a community valued a resource differently.
C. It was an example of how people in a low-income community showed interest in protecting the
environment.
D. It was an example of how people in a low-income community valued quantity over quality.
10. Which of the following arguments is NOT presented in paragraph 7?
A. An issue only get political or media attention if someone with a high profile is supporting it.
B. Politicians are only interested in environmental issues if it benefits them.
C. Issues don’t get public attention unless a particular person advocates it strongly.
D. Issues may be overlooked if there are other significant events happening at the time.
IV. Read the passage and do the tasks that follow.
RISING SEA
Paragraph 1 - INCREASED TEMPERATURES
The average air temperature at the surface of the earth has risen this century, as has the temperature of ocean
surface waters. Because water expands as it heats, a warmer ocean means higher sea levels. We cannot say
definitely that the temperature rises are due to the greenhouse effect; the heating may be part of a ‘natural’
variability over a long time - scale that we have not yet recognized in our short 100 years of recording. However,
assuming the build up of greenhouse gases is responsible, and that the warming will continue, scientists – and
inhabitants of low-lying coastal areas – would like to know the extent of future sea level rises.
Paragraph 2
Calculating this is not easy. Models used for the purpose have treated the ocean as passive, stationary and one
-dimensional. Scientists have assumed that heat simply diffused into the sea from the atmosphere. Using basic
physical laws, they then predict how much a known volume of water would expand for a given increase in
temperature. But the oceans are not one -dime nsional, and recent work by oceanographers, using a new model
which takes into account a number of subtle facets of the sea –including vast and complex ocean currents –
suggests that the rise in sea level may be less than some earlier estimates had predicted.
Paragraph 3
An international forum on climate change, in 1986, produced figures for likely sea-level rises of 20 cms and 1.4
m, corresponding to atmospheric temperature increases of 1.5 and 4.5C respectively. Some scientists estimate
that the ocean warming resulting from those temperature increases by the year 2050 would raise the sea level
by between 10 cms and 40 cms. This model only takes into account the temperature effect on the oceans; it does
not consider changes in sea level brought about by the melting of ice sheets and glaciers, and changes in
groundwater storage. When we add on estimates of these, we arrive at figures for total sea-level rises of 15 cm
and 70 cm respectively.
Paragraph 4
It’s not easy trying to model accurately the enormous complexities of the ever-changing oceans, with their great
volume, massive currents and sensitively to the influence of land masses and the atmosphere. For example,
consider how heat enters the ocean. Does it just ‘diffuse’ from the warmer air vertically into the water, and heat
only the surface layer of the sea? (Warm water is less dense than cold, so it would not spread downwards).
Conventional models of sea-level rise have considered that this the only method, but measurements have shown
that the rate of heat transfer into the ocean by vertical diffusion is far lower in practice than the figures that
many modelers have adopted.
Paragraph 5
Much of the early work, for simplicity, ignored the fact that water in the oceans moves in three dimensions. By
movement, of course, scientists don’t mean waves, which are too small individually to consider, but rather
movement of vast volumes of water in huge currents. To understand the importance of this, we now need to
consider another process – advection. Imagine smoke rising from a chimney. On a still day it will slowly spread
out in all directions by means of diffusion. With a strong directional wind, however, it will all shift downwind,
this process is advection – the transport of properties (notably heat and salinity in the ocean) by the movement
of bodies of air or water, rather than by conduction or diffusion.
Paragraph 6
Massive ocean currents called gyres do the moving. These currents have far more capacity to store heat than
does the atmosphere. Indeed, just the top 3m of the ocean contains more heat than the whole of the atmosphere.
The origin of gyres lies in the fact that more heat from the Sun reaches the Equator than the Poles, and naturally
heat tends to move from the former to the latter. Warm air rises at the Equator, and draws more air beneath it in
the form of winds (the “Trade Winds”) that, together with other air movements, provide the main force driving
the ocean currents.
Paragraph 7
Water itself is heated at the Equator and moves poleward, twisted by the Earth’s rotation and affected by the
positions of the continents. The resultant broadly circular movements between about 10 and 40 North and South
are clockwise in the Southern Hemisphere. They flow towards the east at mid latitudes in the equatorial region.
They then flow towards the Poles, along the eastern sides of continents, as warm currents. When two different
masses of water meet, one will move beneath the other, depending on their relative densities in the subduction
process.The densities are determined by temperature and salinity. the convergence of water of different densities
from the Equator and the Poles deep in the oceans causes continuous subduction. This means that water moves
vertically as well as horizontally. Cold water from the Poles travels as depth – it is denser than warm water –
until it emerges at the surface in another part of the world in the form of a cold current.
Paragraph 8
HOW THE GREEN HOUSE EFFECT WILL CHANGE OCEAN TEMPERATURES
Ocean currents, in three dimensions, form a giant ‘conveyor belt’, distributing heat from the thin surface layer
into the interior of the oceans and around the globe. Water may take decades to circulate in these 3-D gyres in
the lop kilometer of the ocean, and centuries in the deep water. With the increased atmospheric temperatures
due to the greenhouse effect, the oceans conveyor belt will carry more heat into the interior. This subduction
moves heat around far more effectively than simple diffusion. Because warm water expands more than cold
when it is heated, scientists had presumed that the sea level would rise unevenly around the globe. It is now
believed that these inequalities cannot persist, as winds will act to continuously spread out the water expansion.
Of course, of global warming changes the strength and distribution of the winds, then this ‘evening-out’ process
may not occur, and the sea level could rise more in some areas than others.
Questions 1 - 6
There are 8 paragraphs numbered 1 – 8 in the Reading Passage. The first paragraph and the last paragraph
have been given headings.
From the list below numbered A – I, choose a suitable heading for the remaining 6 paragraphs.
Write your answers A – I, in the spaces numbered 1 –6 on the answer sheet.
There are more headings than paragraphs, so you will not use all the headings.
List of headings
A THE GYRE PRINCIPLE
B THE GREENHOUSE EFFECT
C HOW OCEAN WATERS MOVE
D STATISTICAL EVIDENCE
E THE ADVECTION PRINCIPLE
F DIFFUSION VERSUS ADVECTION
G FIGURING THE SEA LEVEL CHANGES
H ESTIMATED FIGURES
I THE DIFFUSION MODEL
1. Paragraph 2 G 4. Paragraph 5 E
2. Paragraph 3 H 5. Paragraph 6 A
3. Paragraph 4 I 6. Paragraph 7 C
Questions 7–10 Do the following statements agree with the information given in the reading passage? In boxes
7-10 in your answer sheet write
TRUE if the statement agrees with the information
FALSE if the statement contradicts with the information
NOT GIVEN if there is no information on this
 7. The surface layer of the oceans is warmed by the atmosphere. NG
8. Advection of water changes heat and salt levels. T
9. A gyre holds less heat than there is in the atmosphere. F
10. The process of subduction depends on the water density. T
V. Read some book reviews about earth exploration. For questions 1-10, choose from the reviews (A-F).
The reviews may be chosen more than one.
In which review is the following mentioned?
B 1. Someone who left almost no stone unturned around the world.
C 2. The surprising anonymity of someone.
A 3. Disappointment that flora and other fauna are not mentioned.
F 4. A book that is physically difficult to carry around with you.
E 5. Some details are inaccurate in this book.
F 6. Information written like an old-fashioned diary.
D 7. Text that adds something to the images.
C 8. A collaboration that produced great results.
D 9. A book that covers all of nature’s seasons.
B 10. A wide variety of subject matter.
A. A Complete Guide to Life in a Cold Climate by Richard Sale
This book is packed with information and deserves to be the ultimate Arctic wildlife for a long time to
come. It begins well, with an introduction to Arctic geology, climate and habitats, an overview of all the people
living and working in the region. The bulk of the book is an extensive field guide to Arctic birds and mammals,
with distribution maps and information on confusing species. Its scope is broad and generous, but I have a few
niggles. It should really include Arctic plants, fish and invertebrates. This would have doubled the size of the
book and made it unwieldy and impractical, but it’s fair to say that the title is misleading. But I’m being picky
here, and these minor shortcomings don’t detract from the overall value of the book.
B. Burton Holmes Travelogues
Burton Holmes was the greatest traveler not just of his own time but perhaps of all time. A pretty big
claim, but there’s evidence to back it up. Over a 60-year period, Holmes visited nearly every country on the
planet, photographed all he saw, and invented the term ‘travelogue’. His pictures are stunning, both as social
history and as art. Holmes photographed everything; the dead on battle-fields; the running of bulls in Spain; a
mule train in Dead Valley. A sequence of Vesuvius erupting in 1906 includes a short of a woman under ash-
strewn sky that is positively apocalyptic, but Holmes’ work wasn’t restricted to the large canvas – he was as
capable of capturing an intimate portrait of a chicken vendor in a Bangkok market as he was revealing the
vastness and intricacy of the construction of the Panama Canal.
C. No More Beyond by Simon Nasht
In Simon Nasht’s brilliant biography of Sir Hubert Wilkins, he says that his subject isn’t like other great
explorers, primarily because most of us have never heard of him. He had no lust for fame, instead being driven
by a thirst that led him to remote environments and places that cried out for exploration, rather than towards the
popular challenges so desired by newspaper editors of the day. Nasht couldn’t believe “a man could achieve so
much and yet be so little remembered”. In 1917 Wilkin was under the command of veteran polar explorer and
photographer Frank Hurley in the Australian Flying Corps. Their mutual interests were vital to development of
aerial photography as an integral part of modern geography.
D. Farmland Wildlife by James McCallum
As a refuge for wildlife, British farmland has had a bad press in recent years. Fortunately, the artist’s
beautiful visual journey through the seasons presented in this book reveals that there is still an abundance of
wildlife if you know where to look for it and what to look for. McCallum shuns detailed portraiture in favour
of sketches capturing the spirit of his subjects – and hooray for that. If I need precise anatomical detail, I can
look at a photograph. But if I want to grasp how to stoat roll an egg, how a male whitethroat makes his fluttering
display-flights or how long-tailed tits work together to build their nests, then I need something more – and
McCallum is stunningly good at translating these complex movements and behaviours onto the page. His simple
explanatory captions – taken from his field notebook – are a bonus.
E. Troubled Waters by Sarah Lazarus
 Sometimes it seems as though the size of book on whales is led by the size of the subject matter. This,
however, is a small, readable book. There are no detailed species accounts and the text is almost entirely devoted
to the threats that whales and dolphins face, such as chemical and noise pollution, ship strikes and entanglement
in fishing nets. A careful read reveals factual errors but, on the whole, these do not affect the thoughtful and
concise discussion. It is notoriously difficult to get to the bottom of the whaling issue, and here Lazarus struggles
a bit. The International Whaling Commission comes in for a lot of criticism, which would perhaps have been
better directed at the three of its members who have chosen not to abide by the spirit of its conservation
decisions.
F. The High Lowland by Derek Ratcliffe
For some, the south of Scotland is the plainer and less charismatic sibling of the breathtaking Highlands
and the rugged West Coast. But it’s every bit as wild as those famed areas, but with a gentler appeal. This book
describes an unexpected Eden, a place whose heart pulses to a different beat. This is an epic piece of writing,
its subject matter converted in a manner more akin to the journals of a Victorian chronicler than a modern
natural history book. Derek Ratcliffe’s recordings of the natural goings-on in this lonely land spanned 50 years.
His intimacy is apparent on every page. Everything is catalogued and described in meticulous detail, and few
questions are left unanswered. It’s a great pity that Derek did not live to see his life’s work in print. This is a
book for everyone, but it’s a huge volume that you couldn’t take with you on holiday unless you’ve got a pretty
hefty rucksack and a strong back.
SECTION D: WRITING
1. For questions 1-5, complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the first sentence,
using the word given. Do not change the word given. You must use between three and six words, including
the word given.
1. If there is a fire, you must not use the lift to leave the building. (EVENT)
In the event of a fire
_________________________, you must not use the lift to leave the building.
2. Jack has such a vivid imagination, it is possible that he invented the whole story. (MADE)
Jack has such a vivid imagination that he might ________________________
have made up the whole story.
3. She hated publicity so much that she never gave any interviews to the media. (HER)
was her hatred/dislike
Such ________________________ of publicity that she never gave any interviews to the media
4. I just didn’t know what to say. (LOST)
I was ________________________
lost for words. .
5. Tim looks nothing like his father. (TAKE)
doesn’t take after
Tim ________________________ his father.
2. For questions 6-10, complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the first sentence,
using the words given.
6. You can use it as long as you like, and it will not wear out.
how long you use it, it will not wear out.
No matter _________________________________________
7. John didn’t celebrate a party until he received the offer of promotion in writing.
not until John received the offer of promotion in writing that he celebrated a party.
It was _____________________________________________
8. Please check for damage before signing the delivery note.
sign the delivery note without checking for damage.
Do not ______________________________________________
9. I write to Alice almost every day.
Hardly ________________________________________________
does a day pass without my writing to him.
10. All books have something to teach you.
book has something to teach you.
Every _______________________________________________

____ THE END____

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