noperating system manages all the activities of acomputer
stem. It acts as an intertace between the user and the
Shortcut Key
The shortcut key
bmputer hardware. to view the open
windows is Alt + Tab.
Vindows, Unix, Linux, Mac OS, Android, and ios are
xamples of operating systems. Let us learn in detail about
Vindows 10 in this chapter.
>Windows 10
Vindows 10 is a popular version of the Windows operating
ystem. It is a user-triendly gperating system. It is essential for
computer or laptop. Without it, you cannot start acomputer Know the Fact
or work on it.
Microsoft launched
Features of WindowS 10 Windows 10 in July
2015 and Windows 11
Windows 10provides a Graphical User Interface (GUD) in October 2021.
that makes interaction between the computer and the user
easy.
It has a complete set of new pictures, themes, and icons.
It has an Al-powered tool-Cortana, which helps you find
information on your system or web directly. You can even Read More
give voice commandsto this search tool.
Agraphical-based
It allows you to create multiple desktops at the same time, operating system
allows you to interact
and you can switch between them easily by using the Task with the computer
View button. system using icons,
menus, and windows.
Windows 10 provides a Microsoft Store application where
youcan get a lot of free or paid apps, games, and songs.
Connect
Cortana uses AI to personalise its responses.
B
Cortana uses speech recognition to understand your
instructions. It also remembers the things you tell it. For
example, if you have asked Cortana to remind you to practice
a
plano every Sunday, it will remember this and give you
reminder on the following Sunday. This is because Cortana
uses AI to personalise its responses.
Kips
»The Desktop
The desktop is the nmain screen of the Windows 10
COmponents, such as icons, taskbar, Start button,etc. operating system.
Quick lcons
Desktop
Quiz
What is Cortana?
Taskbar
Figure 2.1: Windows 10 Desktop
lcons
(The small labelled pictures or symbols present on the desktop
are called icons) They are used to open specific
programs or ThisPG y
documents. Let us understand this with an example.
When yougo to the kitchen and open a cupboard, you find boxes with different
which are labelled accordingly. The cupboard works like the desktop and the lak
boxes work like icons.
Example
Taskbar
The taskbar is a long horizontal bar located at the bottom of the desktop. It is dividedr
the following sections:
Start Button Task View Button Quick Launch Bar Show Desktop Buttr
Tipe hre to serch
Figure 2.2: Taskbar
Notification Area
Start Button
The Start button is present at the bottom-left corner of the
taskbar. When you click on the Start button, a list of options
appears. This list is called the Start Menu.
You can use the Start button to perform common taskS, such as
starting a program, opening files and folders, shutting down
the computer, and much more.
You can find a list of the recently added apps in the top area of Mernu
Figure2.3: Start
the Start menu.
Task View
The Task View button provides the ability to quickly switch between the applications
and create multiple desktopS at the same time. You can also press and hold the Windows
kev along with the Tab key to do the same.
Dhe 1
Dresentatoni- PonePoiot
fintion nconyte-Go09le Sech G
Quiok
Quiz
List any two
components of the
wDocurnentl (Compatibity Mote)Wond
taskbar.
, . .. . .
Figure 2.4: Task View
Quick Launch Bar
The middlesection of the taskbar is called the Quick Launch Bar. You can add frequently
Used applications to this area, such as Microsoft Edge, Word, Windows Media Player, etc.
They can be opened with asingle-click. When aprogram is active, its icon is highlighted
with a light blue bar below it.
Notification Area
The right side of the taskbar is known as the notification
area. It includes a clock and agroup of icons that show
the status and notifications of the programs running on
a computer. For example, software updates, network
S22 PM
5/16/2023
connectivity,battery life, volume, etc. Figure 2.5: Notification Area
Show Desktop
This button is
The Show Desktop button is present on the extreme right of the taskbar.
clicked to minimise all the windows and view the desktop.
> Basic perations on the Desktop
Let us discuss someof the basic operations on the desktop.
Opening an Application
On the desktop, click on the icon that you want to open and press the Enter key. The
application window will opern. Or
Double-click the left mouse button on the application icon to open it.
Kips 19
Changing the Screen Saver
Ascreen saver is an inmage that pops up on the computer screen
left idle for acertain period of time. By pressing any key or moving the
whenever
get back to the normal screen. mou,
Follow the given steps tochange the screen saver:
Right-click on the blank area of the desktop. sreen Sevesnq
Click on the Personalize option from the shortcut
menu. The Settings window will appear.
Select the Lock screen option from the left pane.
Select the Screen saver settings option from the right Screen swe
pane.The Screen Saver Settings dialog box will None)
appear. Power manaqemert
Conserve enegy or maimct petomance by susrg ingi
brightness and other power etirgs
In the Screen saver list box, click on the drop-down Chenge poHeT ing
arrow and select any screen saver. Apreview of the
screen saver will be displayed. Figure 2.6: Changing the Screen
Enter the appropriate time in the Wait box. Use the
up arrow to increase the time or the down arrow
todecrease it.
View
Click on OK. Sort by
Refresh
Changing Desktop Background Paste
Paste shortcut
A background image on the desktop is called a desktop
Undo Delete Ctrl-Z
New
background or wallpaper. You can change the appearance Display settings
of the desktop background according to your choice. Personalize
Figure 2.7: Selecting
the Personalize Option
Experiential Learning
Lab Session
background:
Visit the lab and follow the given steps tochange the desktop
will appear.
Right-click on the blank area of the desktop. A shortcut menu Personalization pa
Select the Personalize option. The Settings window willaappear with
onthe left. By default, the Background option is selected.
Click on the drop-down arrow of the Background
utuercanis list Ior and select the Picture option. f t a cetti
Background
Select anv picture from the Choose your picture
sectionor click on the Browse button to get more |a ed
options tor the pictures from your computer.
Sltanv lavout tor the background from the
Choose afit list bo. A preview of the selected Choone y pirhre
background willappear in the Preview section. Lethy
The seletd picture will be set as the desktop
background. Conse a ft
Figure 2.1: Choosing a Desktop Background
Shutting Down a Computer
Shutting down means tuIning off a computer. To 3
shut doWn vour svstem, follow the given steps: Sleep
Click on the Start () Shut down
button.
Now,click on the Power o button. Restart
Click on the Shut down option. Candy Crush Friends Saga
2
Now, wait for some time. The system will take a
few Childsnlav
seconds to shut down.
OType here to search
> Shapes of the Figure 2.8: Shutting Down a
Mouse Pointer Computer
The shape of the mouse
pointer changes according to the
actions you performn.
Busy
Itmeans that the Normal
and warnts you to computer is busy This arrow is used for
wait.
and dragging the pointing, selecting,
Doubl e-headed
This arrow Arrow
is used for
items on the screen.
windows or pictures. resizing the Four-headed Arrow
This arrow is used for
I-Beam
This
pictures and toolbars. moving
icon isused for
into adocument. inserting text Working in Background
It
means that the is
