Republic of the Philippines

DEPARTMENT OF SOCIAL WELFARE AND DEVELOPMENT

Construction of Community Quarantine Facility with Amenities

Sub-Project Construction Methodology

-Clearing and grubbing of the project area and its environs as indicated in the plans or as directed by the MLGU
Engineer shall be implemented in accordance with the following:

a. Removal and disposal of trees, stumps, brush, roots, vegetation, logs, garbage and other objectionable matter
within the project area. Roots of trees shrubs and plants shall be uprooted and grubbed to a barely minimum depth
and adequate provisions shall be made to ensure that no roots or other objectionable matter are still present within
the building area

b. Trees considered as endangered species and/or mark for preservation purposes shall not be cut. Care shall be
taken to protect such trees from any damage during the clearing and grubbing operations. Otherwise a decision shall
be made on which is more important the tress or the building. c

c. Large holes and depressions resulting from grubbing operations shall be backfilled with suitable material in
accordance with approved construction procedure.

d. All cleared materials that are suitable (surplus materials), unsuitable, rubbish materials shall be remove and
deposited at the site designated by the MLGU and/or the Barangay.

2. Structure Excavation

Work under this item shall include the required excavation for the foundation of column footing foundation, wall
footing and septic tanks and other structures that requires excavation of foundation as indicated in the approved
plans. This includes the backfilling of completed structures and the disposal of the excess or surplus excavated
materials in conformity with the approved plans. No allowance shall be made for classification of different types of
materials encountered. Other issues that need to be addressed are as follows:

a. Excavation works for foundation of structures, wall footings and other foundations of other structures can only be
started if staking on the ground of the dimensions of the width of the foundations has been completed.

b. All excavation works shall be in accordance with the measurements in the plan and shall be reflected in an
undisturbed ground.

c. Trenches or foundation pits for structures or structure footings shall be excavated to the lines and grades as
shown on the approved plans. Where side forms are required, width and length of the excavation shall be sufficient
to permit the placing and installation of the forms for structures. Over excavation shall not be allowed.

d. Boulders, logs and other objectionable materials encountered during excavation shall be removed and no
classification of different type of materials shall be made.
e. After the excavation, no bedding of materials shall be made and put in place unless the work has been verified and
within the approved plans.

f. In areas where foundation hit a rock section, the rock section shall be leveled off that it will not create a lever that
will endanger the structural quality of the structure when in place.

g. All suitable excavated materials shall be used as backfill or embankment material. All surplus materials shall be
deposed off and unnecessary disposition of material to the partly install structure (green concrete) shall be avoided.

h. No backfilling and compaction shall be done besides or over the structures unless it has reached sufficient
strength that it can withstand pressure.

3. Provision of Anti-Termite (Anay) Solution

After earthworks have been completed, the whole building area including an area five meters from the perimeter of
the building shall be treated with an anti-termite solution to ensure that the wood structures installed and fix will
not be damaged due to termite infestations.

4. CONCRETE WORKS

- Includes the provision of forms, fixing of steel bars, concrete pouring and removal of forms and from
the structures such as; foundation, columns, beams, girders, reinforced and unreinforced concrete slab,
thin walled concrete and other structures where concrete is required.

Class of Concrete Type of Concrete structures to be applied

a. Class ―A - All superstructures and heavily reinforced substructures, including slabs, beams, girders,
columns, arch ribs, box culverts, reinforced abutments, retaining walls, and reinforced footings and large
diameters cast-in-place reinforced concrete piles (bored piles).

b. Class―B - Footings, pedestals, massive piers shaft, pipe bedding and gravity walls, un reinforced or with
only a small amount of reinforcements.

c. Class―C - Thin reinforce sections, railings, pre cast R.C. piles and cribbing and for filler in grid floors.

d. Class ―P - Pre-stressed concrete structures and its members.

e. Seal Concrete - Concrete deposited in water.

4.1. Preparatory Works

a. Prepare list of materials and its quantities including equipments, tools and other items.

b. Design mixes of every type of concrete mix shall be prepared and approved.

c. Materials such as; cement, sand, gavel and water proofing materials where necessary are available and
more than sufficient. Sand and gravel are deposited near the batching area.

d. Concrete mixers, vibrators and engine to run the concrete mixer are running and in good condition.
Spare engine and concrete vibrators are available.

e. Plan for concrete pouring is available and contingency plans are in place.
f. Workers areas for beams, girders and concrete floor slab are properly fixed that fresh concrete nor green
concrete will not be jarred or disturbed during concrete work operation.

g. Skilled and unskilled workers are ready and substitute workers are also ready when required.

h. Concrete covers are available in case rain occurs during concrete operation.

4.2. Cutting, Bending and Fixing of Steel reinforcements

a. Steel reinforcements to be used in the works shall be of grade, size, cut and bend.

b. Steel reinforcement to be used shall be free from rust and if rust are present this shall be removed by
using steel brush. The use of oil or any form that will affect concrete quality to clean steel reinforcements
shall not be allowed.

c. Steel reinforcements shall be fixed using G.I. tie wire and shall be space in accordance with the approved
plans. All steel reinforcement to be used shall have passed quality tests. Otherwise, steel reinforcements
already fixed shall be removed and shall be substituted with a similar type; grade and size which material
sample has passed the required test.

d. Prior to concrete pouring steel reinforcement shall be properly check and all cut wires and steel bars
shall be removed from the forms and on the slab forms. Remnants of the rust shall be sweep, broom or
suction by air cleaner.

e. Where necessary, steel reinforcements shall be provided with appropriate size of concrete spacer.

4.3. Pipes Embedment

a. All pipes that are required to be embedded on the ground, concrete slab and CHB walls shall be properly
cut in a length as shown on the plan.

4.4. Forms Works

a. Form materials to be used shall be timber or wood and shall be of good quality and shall not bulk or
burst when fresh concrete are deposited and vibrated. Old and used wooden forms shall not be used to
prevent accident.

b. Wooden Forms for slabs, walls, columns, girders, beams and other concrete structures shall be cut into
sizes that when fix it will not protrude nor be nuisance during concrete pouring.

c. On concrete walls one side of the forms shall be fixed first, while the other side form shall only be fixed
when steel reinforcements has been attached and fixed. Concrete spacers shall be attached to the steel
bars prior to the fixing of the forms and shall be properly adjusted ones the other opposite form are about
to be fix. This is true with beams, girders and columns. For roof slab, concrete spacers shall be attached
when all the reinforcements have been fixed.

d. Forms shall be tight and inside dimensions shall be in accordance with the approved plan of the concrete
structure when completed.

e. Forms shall be securely fastened and necessary support shall be provided to hold fresh concrete in
place. Struts and supports shall be properly checked to prevent accident.
4.5. Concrete Pouring Operations

a. Wet the sections to be poured with concrete either on the ground or on wooden form. The ground shall
not be too wet that will affect the concrete quality when completed.

b. For concrete pouring with forms, all sides of the forms that will be in contact with fresh concrete shall be
moist with water.

c. Concrete works shall start as early as possible during the day to prevent excessive moisture loss in
concrete during noon time when the heat of the sun is at its peak.

d. In concrete pouring of beams, girder and slab regardless of size shall be continuous until the whole
structure is completely poured with concrete.

e. Construction joints shall be properly indicated on the plan and approved prior to concrete pouring.

f. In batching concrete mix, the first to enter the drums is the water of about 75% of its requirement,
followed by gravel, then sand and the last to enter the drum will be cement. Water, sand, gravel and
cement shall enter the drum while the drum is revolving. Where water proofing is required, this type of
material shall enter the drum last. The remaining 25% of water requirement shall be added into the drum
after the cement has been deposited.

g. Proportion of concrete mix shall be based on the type of concrete requirement.

h. For the first batch of concrete mix for the day, quantity of water to be provided shall be more than the
normal requirement.

i. The succeeding concrete mixes, quantity of water to be poured inside the drum shall be with in the
correct quantity requirement.

j. Random checking of concrete slump shall be made to maintain concrete quality.

k. During the depositing of concrete mix, dropping of concrete mix of more than one meter in height shall
not be allowed as aggregates will disintegrates. In cases where the height of depositing the concrete mix is
more than 1 meter, a chute made of G.I. sheets shall provided to convey concrete mix to its final position.

l. Once the concrete mix has been deposited in its final position it shall be properly consolidated by means
of concrete vibrator in accordance with the project requirement to achieve a water tight concrete mix.

m. Concrete vibrators shall not be used to carry or spread concrete mix.

n. Concrete mix shall not be over vibrated as its grout tends to surface leaving the underneath with sand
and gravel only.

o. In the middle portion of concrete pouring, 1 set of 3 concrete cylinder samples shall be taken.

p. During concrete work operation, fresh concrete maybe unintentionally deposited on a green concrete
mix. Vibration of concrete mix shall be such that vibrators shall not be in contact with green concrete or
those that have attain initial setting.
q. Tapping the forms where green concrete mix are located shall not be allowed. Tapping the forms shall
only be made at the early stages of concrete pouring

r. Depositing of concrete mix shall be even and shall not be concentrated on one side only.

4.6. Placing Concrete Mix in Water

a. Prepare a tremie or a bottom up bucket where concrete mix will not be disturbed when it is deposited.

b. Except for concrete slab under water. Foundations and walls shall be provided with forms. Forms shall
secure that it will not bursts when poured with concrete mix.

c. Concrete mix to be used in pouring concrete under water shall be Class “A” of 400 kgs/m3 of concrete
and its slump shall be maintained at 100mm.

d. Concrete mix poured in water shall be consolidated manually to ensure an near tight of concrete when
completed.

4.7. Concrete Finishes

a. For concrete that will receive another batch of concrete mix and is continuation from the previously
poured concrete, its surfaces shall be roughen and concrete keys shall be provided to ensure bonding of
the old and new concrete. Prior to the concrete pouring of a new concrete mix to structure connecting the
old structure, the old concrete shall be provided with a rich grout of cement or any appropriate cement
bonding material.

b. Concrete surface shall be plain finish and shall not be roughen to receive mortar plastering.

c. For walls, beams, girders, columns and concrete walls shall be rub and shall be smoothen. No concrete
surface shall be plastered with cement mortar.

4.8. Curing and Removal of Form

a. A day after concrete pouring, fresh concrete shall be drenched with water or provided with curing
compounds. All other concrete structures shall be continuously sprayed with water for 14 days.

b. Forms and from works shall not be released from under any concrete structures without first
determining if the concrete has gained adequate strength.

c. Underside slab forms, bottom of girders, beams and arches shall only be removed after 21 days and shall
be provided with supports. Sides forms of walls and columns shall be removed after 2 days and sides forms
of beams and other concrete surfaces shall be removed after 1 day.

5. MASONRY WORKS

-Includes the provision of Concrete Hollow Block (CHB) for walls and partition (where required), provision
of cement mortar to fill the CHB holes and cement plaster to smoothen CHB surface to prevent intrusion of
water from the outside surface of the wall. Concrete Hollow Block (CHB) for perimeter walls and partition
walls shall be provided with steel reinforcement to carry lateral forces.

MASONRY WORKS shall be perform in the following activities

5.2. During the concrete pouring of footing foundation for CHB, vertical reinforcements are in placed and
anchored in the footing foundation reinforcements. These shall be located in accordance with the
approved plans.

5.3. Vertical wooden stakes to tie strings that will provide level guide in the lying and fixing of CHB shall be
established. Wooden stake shall be marked on the levels of every lift of CHB.

5.4. In the first layer of lying and fixing CHB, cement mortar shall be applied on the top section of the
footing foundation. These shall be spread evenly on the surface of the footing foundation to ensure that
top sections of the CHB have the same level.

5.5. Once the CHB is installed and leveled, cement mortar shall be deposited on the holes of the CHB.
Cement mortar shall be consolidated by tamping to ensure that the holes are filled.

5.6. Lying and Fixing of CHB shall be performed evenly throughout the wall section where masonry work is
required. Lifting of CHB above one or more layers ahead of the other, shall not be allowed as bond
between the old and new mortar will not be achieved. This will result to wall cracks.

5.7. Lifting of CHB layer shall be performed evenly by providing cement mortar over the top section of the
CHB laid. Lying shall be carried out taking into consideration the top level of the CHB being fixed. Cement
mortar shall again be provided to the holes of the CHB until it is completely filled.

5.8. This process shall be repeated until the lying and fixing of CHB reach the bottom of the girt or beam.
Upon reaching the near bottom of the girt or beam, vertical reinforcements shall be tied and anchor
properly to the girt or beam.

5.9. On windows and doors openings, reinforced window sills and door jambs shall be provided and no
further lying or fixing CHB unless the window sills and door jambs has been constructed. Installation of
Doors and Windows shall only be carried out when desired concrete strength of window sill and door
jambs have been reached.

5.10. Surfaces of CHB shall be plastered with cement plaster. CHB surface to be applied shall be thoroughly
sprayed with water to ensure that voids of the CHB will be filled with plaster grout. Cement plaster shall be
planed that its surface will be smooth. Sand to be used on this process shall be pure sand and no impurities
are mix that will endanger the quality of cement plaster and the work.

5.11. Curing of the wall area where cement plaster has been applied shall start immediately when the
cement plaster hardened. This shall be carried out by spraying water to the surface of cement plaster. In
any irregularities and cracks on cement plastered CHB walls shall be removed and rework.

6. STRUCTURAL STEEL WORKS under BUILDING Construction.

- Intended for truss, rafter, purlins, girt, door jambs, window sills and others that requires structural steel
materials. Steel reinforcement use in concrete works is not part on this type of work. Window frame
except aluminum frame is part of this work items.
Structural steel works shall be carried out under the following:

6.1. All structural steel frames, shapes and other structural steel materials to be used in the works shall
have tread mill certificates and its properties shall be equal or more than the required properties of the
structural steel materials required by the project.

6.2. When delivered to the project site, the structural steel materials shall be stored in an area where it
safe from adverse effect of the weather. If possible the materials shall be covered with tarpaulin.

6.3. Structural steel materials when stored shall not rest on the ground that its bottom section will be
corroded. When provided with supports, ensure that the bottom section of the structural steel material
will not be deformed.

6.4. Prior to its use, structural steel materials shall be properly inspected to ensure that:

a. Structural steel materials are not corroded that will reduce its strength and quality.

b. Structural steel materials are straight and not bend unless otherwise such, is fabricated to be bended or
deflected as the case maybe.

6.5. Rusts that are visible on the surface of the structural steel material shall be brush and clean. In cases
where rusts have penetrated the whole of the structural frames or shapes, such structural steel materials
shall be rejected and removed from the site. Splicing such section of the frames or shape through welding
in any form shall not be allowed.

6.6. Unless specified in the plan, splicing of structural steel materials such shapes and frames shall not be
tolerated.

6.7. Provision of plate connector at the intersections of the rafter or at the pitch of roof shall be in
accordance with the approved plans.

6.8. In the installation of structural steel for rafters, vertical support shall be provide to ensure its firmness
during the fixing of the bolts of plate connector for the two opposing rafters.

6.9. This support shall only be removed after the bolts of the connector for the two opposing rafter have
been tighten, secured and completed.

6.10. In the installation of rafters, splicing or jointing with plate connectors shall not be permitted.

6.11. At the edge of the top of the perimeter wall of the building structural steel rafter shall be anchored
on top of the concrete beam with pair of anchor plate position in such a way to receive the structural steel
rafter in between. Once the structural steel rafter is positioned in between the pair of anchor plates this
shall be connected by a bolt that will lock the structural steel rafter. Welding of the pair of anchor bolts
shall not be permitted as this is one of the causes of failure why the entire roof of buildings were blown off
during typhoons.

6.12. Structural steel purlins shall be connected to the structural steel rafter by U-bolt or flat bar that is
fastened at the bottom of the rafters through bolts. Welding to connect between the structural purlins and
structural rafter shall not be allowed.
6.13. Structural steel materials to be used as window sills and door jambs shall be installed plumb straight
and level. Deformed and/or structurally defective structural steel shall not be used for window sills and
door jambs.

7. ROOFING WORKS

- Includes the installation of roofing materials and ceiling structures.

Roofing works shall be carried out under the following:

7.1. All roofing materials to be used in the works shall be made of Galvanize Iron (G. I) sheets of gauge not
higher than 26. Length of G.I. sheets to be used in this project shall be of two choices: 1) long span of
precut size to its desired length and geometric features, and 2) common sizes and geometric features
available in the local market. The former type is pre-painted and is expensive and needs to be ordered
earlier to avoid delays in its installation, while the latter is cheaper and readily available in a short period of
delivery notice. However, this type of material is not pre-painted.

7.2. G.I. sheets material to be used and installed shall be of the type, gauge, and size as indicated in the
plan. Material sample shall be properly tested and shall conform to project requirements.

7.3. Generally, installation of G.I. roofing sheet shall start from the edge of the building and to terminate at
the other end of the building along its longitudinal section. Side overlaps shall be in accordance with plan
or as directed by the MLGU Engineer. In cases where transverse length is more that what is required,
reduction of its length shall be made at the last roofing sheet.

7.4. Using G.I. roofing sheets of two lengths, installation along the longitudinal section shall also start from
one edge of the building and to terminate at the other end of the building. On the transverse section of the
building, installation of G.I. roofing sheets shall be from the top section of the rafter or truss moving down
towards the lower edge of the roof. Lap distance of G.I. sheets shall be observe and shall be in accordance
with the approved plan.

7.5. In areas where typhoon commonly occur, G.I. sheets shall be fastened using Ubolts. Location of U-
bolts shall be diagonal in relation to the location of the structural steel purlins. These locations are bored
through drilling after which Ubolts are inserted and fixed at the bottom of the purlins. Bolts shall be
properly tighten to prevent unnecessary movement that will result to loosening of the G.I. roofing
materials. Holes created by the installation of U-bolts shall be provided with roofing epoxy to prevent
intrusion of rain waters.

7.6. Materials to be used in the construction of ceiling shall be as indicated in the approved plan. Ceiling
construction shall be carried out that its frames and support are fastened rigidly that it can carry additional
loads and ceiling pads installed shall not exhibit gaps in between.

7.7. Any irregularity on the surface of the ceiling shall be rework and in a pristine condition.

8. TIMBER AND CARPENTRY WORKS

When provided in the plan, timber and carpentry works in small-scale community infrastructures such as
school buildings and other related structures shall be for truss, rafter, purlins, girt, door jambs, window
sills, windows, doors and others that requires timber or wood materials. Wooden chairs are not part on
this type of work.

Timber and carpentry works shall be carried out under the following:

8.1. Timbers and woods to be used in works shall be of strong and sound wood materials, free from any
form of decay, insect infestation, knots and does not show sign of warp, cracks or split sections and shall
not be twisted and deflect in formation. Timber or wood that have this kind of physical properties shall be
rejected and removed from the project site.

8.2. Timber or woods to be used shall be air -dried so that shrinkage will not occur when installed and
used. These materials shall not be exposed to sunlight or rain waters.

8.3. Prior to the use of timber and wood materials in truss system, these shall be trimmed but not totally
cleaned. While for wood or timber to be used in window.

8.4. All timber and wood to be used shall be treated with anti-termite solution to protect from termite
infestation.

8.5. In fabrication of truss system, care shall be observed in the cutting of timber or wood to avoid
unnecessary waste. Lumber to be used as purlins shall be straight and of strong and sound quality. Lumber
with defects or soft shall not be used. Splicing of lumber for top and bottom cords of the truss, rafters and
purlins shall not allowed.

8.6. All timber or lumber when fix shall be firm and no movement or buckling is noticeable.

9. Toilet and Plumbing Works

Toilet shall be attached to the classroom for easy access for teachers and pupils. Door for toilets shall be of
PVC material to make it more durable. Inside the toilet are toilet bowl and wash basin. Floor shall be of
concrete slab with plain and smooth finish. A septic tank shall be constructed adjacent to the toilet
(approximately 3.00 meters away) to store human waste from the toilet.

Toilet and Plumbing Works shall be carried out under the following:

9.1. Location of the toilet shall be mark on the ground including the location of the toilet bowl, floor drain
and drain pipe from wash basin. PVC pipe that connects the toilet bowl shall be laid and position directly
towards the septic tank. PVC drain pipes from wash basin and floor drain shall terminate at the PVC pipe
connecting from the toilet bowl to the septic tank. Prior to actual construction of the toilet, the ground
shall be treated with anti anay solution.

9.2. Wall footings shall be excavated to the dimensions as indicated in the plan. CHB shall be installed
taking into consideration the connection of the CHB to the adjoining the wall of the building.

9.3. Flooring of the toilet shall be of plain finish concrete slab over a compacted base.

9.4. Building wall adjoining the toilet shall be constructed simultaneously with the construction the toilet
walls to ensure rigidity of the toilet structure. Or starter CHB block maybe provide during the construction
stage of the building and shall be completed during the construction of the toilet.
9.5. Similarly, door jambs shall be provided during the construction of the building and its door shall be
fixed later when the work on the toilet has been completed.

9.6. Toilet shall be provided with a fixed type window (decorative CHB to make it more durable) with
dimension enough for air to exit and enter the toilet or as indicated on the plan.

9.7. CHB walls of the toilet shall be plastered with smooth cement plaster both inside and outside and shall
be smooth.

9.8. Roof framing of the toilet shall be strong and durable timber that can sustain strong winds. Roofing
materials shall be the same physical properties as that of the roofing material of the building. Roofing
materials shall be fastened using appropriate roofing nails. Heat from roofing shall be protected using
plywood materials as ceiling.

9.9. Two water faucets shall be provided inside the toilet, one over the wash basin the other near the toilet
bowl.

9.10. When painting is required on the plan, painting works shall be carried out using one under coat and
two finishing coats of color indicated on the plan.

10. Electrical Works

- Shall be carried in accordance with the Electrical Code of the Philippines. Electrical connection shall be
provided inside the class rooms, toilets and outside of the buildings to provide illumination of the
building during night time.

10.1. Each room shall have its own main switch independent from the other rooms.

10.2. Each room shall have a minimum of one light located at the center most section to provide equal
distribution of illumination. Its switch shall be located near the door for easy access.

10.3. A minimum of two outlets shall be provided in each room and shall be located in areas where it could
be accessible.

10.4. Materials to be used shall be pass the Philippine Standards and shall be in accordance with the
Electrical Code of the Philippines.

10.5. All electrical wire connection shall be run beneath the surface of the wall and behind the ceiling.

10.6. Before commissioning the electrical system in place, it shall be meager tested and results shall be
acceptable.

11. Painting Works

- Shall be for the walls (inside and outside), outside surface of the roof (if not pre-painted) ceiling, doors
and windows and structural steel.

Painting works shall be carried out under the following:

11.1. On wood and lumber structures, areas where painting is required shall be smoothen through sanding
and shall be provided with paint putty prior to the application of two coats of final paint color.
11.2. If painting of roof ceiling is indicated in the plan, areas where painting will be required shall be
provided with an under coat white enamel paint, after which paint putty shall be applied. After the paint
putty dries, its surface shall be rubbed with sand paper until it is smooth. Two coats of finish paints with
color as indicated on the plan shall be provided using brush.

11.3. For concrete and CHB walls, surface to be painted shall provide with paint putty and smoothen
through sanding. Application of two coats of finish paint shall be applied.

11.4. For non-painted G.I. roofing, the exterior side shall be provided with neutralizer solution. After which,
zinc chromate paint or a non -toxic anti-corrosive paint shall be provided. Once the anti-corrosive paint
dries, roof paint of color as indicated in the plan shall be applied in two coats.

11.5. Painting of structural steel shall be through the application of zinc chromate paint or other similar
paints that does not contain toxic substance.