Name: Surhan Nizamani

Roll no: 2k24/Zoo/195

Assignment: Gender studies
Topic: violence, Prevention from violence and cases of violence
Submitted to: Sir Junaid Razzaque Soomro
Department of zoology BS part 1

Violence:
How we can understand violence?
 What impels people to damage others – circle of
relatives members or strangers? And how can
these impulses and moves be prevented or
controlled? Heightened public awareness of,
and situation approximately, what’s extensively
perceived as a recent explosion of violence – on
a spectrum from home abuse to avenue crime –
has inspired behavioral and social scientists to
forged new mild on old questions
 Violence, an act of bodily force that reasons or
is intended to cause damage. The harm inflicted
by using violence may be bodily, mental, or
each.
 Violence may be distinguished from aggression,
a more preferred sort of adverse behaviour that
can be physical, verbal, or passive in nature.
 Violence is a tremendously not unusual sort of
human behaviour that occurs for the duration of
the sector. Human beings of any age can be
violent, even though older youth and teenagers
are most probable to have interaction in violent
behaviour. Violence has some of poor
consequences on those who witness or
experience it, and children are specially liable to
its harm. Fortunately, various packages had
been a success at stopping and lowering
violence.

Violence Prevention:
 Violence prevention is the paintings
of reducing the chance of violence and
addressing the trauma of violent
incidents.
 A framework for prevention
 CDC makes use of a four-degree
social-ecological version to higher
recognize violence and the impact of
capacity prevention strategies. This
version considers the complex
interplay between man or woman,
dating, community, and societal
factors. It permits us to apprehend the
different factors that put people at
chance for violence or defend them
from experiencing or perpetrating
violence. The overlapping jewelry
inside the model illustrate how factors
at one stage have an impact on
elements at any other stage.
 The model also shows that stopping
violence requires simultaneous motion
throughout multiple levels. This
technique is much more likely to
preserve prevention efforts over the
 years and achieve effect at the
populace as a whole.
 The Social-Ecological Model:
Individual:
 The primary degree identifies biological
and personal records elements that
increase the chance of becoming a
victim or wrongdoer of violence. Some
of those elements are age, schooling,
earnings, substance use, or history of
abuse. Prevention techniques at this
degree promote attitudes, ideals, and
behaviors that save you violence.
Specific strategies may also include
battle decision and lifestyles
competencies training, social-emotional
studying, and safe relationship and
healthful relationship skill packages.
Relationship:
  The second level examines close
relationships that may increase the risk
of experiencing violence as a victim or
perpetrator. A person’s closest social
circle-peers, partners and family
members-influences their behavior and
contribute to their experience.
Prevention strategies at this level may
include parenting or family-focused
prevention programs and mentoring and
peer programs designed to strengthen
parent-child communication, promote
positive peer norms, problem-solving
skills and promote healthy relationship.
Community:
 The third level explores the settings,
which includes schools, workplaces,
and neighborhoods, wherein social
relationships arise and seeks to
perceive the traits of these settings
 which are associated with turning into
sufferers or perpetrators of violence.
Prevention strategies at this level
cognizance on enhancing the physical
and social environment in these settings
(e.g., with the aid of developing safe
locations where people live, analyze,
work, and play) and by using addressing
different conditions that deliver upward
push to violence in groups (e.g.,
neighborhood poverty, residential
segregation, and instability, excessive
density of alcohol shops).
Societal
 The fourth level appears on the huge
societal factors that assist create a
weather wherein violence is advocated
or inhibited. These factors include social
and cultural norms that guide violence
as an acceptable way to resolve
 conflicts. other large societal elements
include the fitness, financial,
instructional, and social guidelines that
help to preserve financial or social
inequalities between businesses in
society. Prevention techniques at this
stage include efforts to promote societal
norms that defend towards violence in
addition to efforts to strengthen family
monetary safety, education and
employment possibilities, and other
rules that have an effect on the
structural determinants of health.

Some techniques for stopping violence :

 Earlier than a violent incident:

Reduce threat factors and boom protecting
elements. For instance, educate battle
resolution, provide parenting guide,
improve environmental design, and
advocate for secure gun busin
 Throughout or after a violent
incident:
Deal with trauma and decrease the threat
of future damage. As an instance, offer
disaster intervention, safe harbor, in depth
case control, restorative justice, or trauma
counseling.
 Other techniques for preventing
violence consist of:
 Growing life skills in kids and teens
 Reducing the availability and dangerous
use of alcohol
 Decreasing get right of entry to to guns,
knives, and pesticides
 Selling gender equality
 Changing cultural norms that help
violence
  Sufferer identity, care, and guide.

Cases of violence
prevention:
Violence prevention encompasses the
strategies and actions taken to reduce, or
eliminate violent behaviour in families,
communities and individuals. Some key
cases and initiatives that have been able to
take on violence prevention are as follows:
1. Cure Violence Components (U.S. and
Global)
Model: Cure Violence is based on a public
health model that treats violence as any
other contagious disease. It uses trained
Violence Interrupters and Outreach
Workers to de-escalate situations and with
people at risk it also connects them with
social support.
 What worked: Cities such as Chicago,
Baltimore and New York experienced drops
of gun violence by 40–70% in
neighborhoods that Cure Violence
operated.
2. Massachusetts based Ceasefire Initiative
Boston Gun Project: An Initiative to Reduce
Gang Violence by Offering Social Services
to Gang Members While Informing Them of
Significant Legal Penalties if They
Commenced Violent Behaviour.
What worked: In the 1990s, Boston saw
youth homicides drop by 63%.
3. SASA! (Uganda)
Approach: SASA! Is a community
mobilization initiative that aims to reduce
gender-based violence by addressing
power dynamics and promoting gender
equity.
Impact: 52% reduction in intimate partner
violence and heightened awareness of
 women’s rights within the community
gained in pilot communities.
4. Programs that Prevent Violence in Schools
The Olweus Bullying Prevention Program
(Norway and Global)
Additional Details:This program is designed
to address school violence by establishing a
positive school climate, enacting tough anti-
bullying policies, and encouraging the
involvement of parents, teachers, and
students.
Outcomes: Bullying rates went down
significantly in the schools where you
implemented the program.
5. Ongoing: Crime and Violence Prevention
Program (Cali, Colombia)
Quote: By focusing on urban development,
making community spaces better and
improved procedure of policing by
introducing more of it into both
neighbourhoods and in vulnerable areas,
 the city was able to reduce crime and
violence levels.
Cali achieved a 35 percent decrease in
homicide rates over five years.
6. Campaign for Bus Safety in Delhi (India)
Response: After some high-profile cases of
violence against women, Delhi initiated
women-only buses, boosted street lights and
helpline services.
SUCCESS: More crimes are reported and
better awareness of women who are safe
7. Icelandic National Programme on Youth
Substance Use Prevention
Solution: In Iceland, curfews, activities
reducing substance abuse and greater
parental involvement led to a decrease in
youth violence.
Success: Youth violence dropped
significantly along with substance use rates.
8. Restorative Justice Programs
 Example New Zealand Restorative Justice
Model
Method: Focuses on the mediation of
perpetrators and victims in a way that leads
to greater understanding, taking
responsibility, and healing.
Outcome: Reduced recidivism rates and
victim satisfaction.
These cases stress that violence prevention
needs multi-pronged strategies, such as
community engagement, education,
changes to legislation and other support
structures focused on particular forms of
violence.

Articles related to prevalence of

violence in Pakistan:
 Gender based violence:
This article from the UNFPA Pakistan discusses the
prevalence of gender-based violence in Pakistan,
including physical, sexual, and emotional violence
against women. It also highlights the barriers that
prevent women from seeking help, such as a lack of
support systems and economic dependency.
 Domestic violence:
This text from Wikipedia discusses the prevalence of
domestic violence in Pakistan, which include the
elements that make a contribution to it and the
prison framework that surrounds it. It also highlights
the dearth of women’s shelters in the u . s ., which
makes it tough for sufferers to escape violent
conditions.
 Human rights in Pakistan:
This newsletter from Amnesty international
discusses the prevalence of violence against
women and ladies in Pakistan, such as the dearth
of get right of entry to to justice that many victims
face. It also highlights the government’s pledge to
enact the home Violence (Prevention and
protection) bill 2021, however their lack of
concrete efforts to achieve this.