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Bio Foundation

The document provides examination details for the Pearson Edexcel Level 1/Level 2 GCSE Combined Science Paper 1 scheduled for May 10, 2024. It includes instructions for candidates, information about the total marks, and guidance on answering questions. Additionally, it contains sample questions related to bacterial cells, body defenses, DNA extraction, and selective breeding in chickens.

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359 views20 pages

Bio Foundation

Uploaded by

gv4dsch5fz

We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.

Available Formats

Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

You are on page 1/ 20

Please check the examination details below before entering your candidate information

Candidate surname Other names

Centre Number Candidate Number

Pearson Edexcel Level 1/Level 2 GCSE (9–1)

Friday 10 May 2024
Morning (Time: 1 hour 10 minutes) Paper
reference 1SC0/1BF
Combined Science  

PAPER 1

Foundation Tier

You must have: Total Marks

Ruler, calculator

Instructions
•• Use black ink or ball‑point pen.
Fill in the boxes at the top of this page with your name,
centre number and candidate number.
•• Answer all questions.
Answer the questions in the spaces provided
– there may be more space than you need.

Information
•• The total mark for this paper is 60.
The marks for each question are shown in brackets
– use this as a guide as to how much time to spend on each question.
• structure
In questions marked with an asterisk (*), marks will be awarded for your ability to
your answer logically, showing how the points that you make are related
or follow on from each other where appropriate.

Advice
•• Read each question carefully before you start to answer it.
Try to answer every question.
• Check your answers if you have time at the end.
Turn over

P75510A
©2024 Pearson Education Ltd.
F:1/1/1/1/1/1/1/
*P75510A0120*
Answer ALL questions. Write your answers in the spaces provided.

Some questions must be answered with a cross in a box . If you change your mind about an

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answer, put a line through the box and then mark your new answer with a cross .

1 (a) Figure 1 shows a bacterial cell.

W
Z

X
Y

Figure 1

(i) What is structure W?

(1)
A cell wall

B cytoplasm

C chromosomal DNA

D plasmid

(ii) Give the name of structure Z.

(1)

................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(iii) State the function of structure Z.

(1)

2
*P75510A0220* 
(b) The human body has defences to protect against infection by bacteria.
Draw one straight line from each body defence to its function.
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(2)

body defence function

moves pathogens away from the lungs

hydrochloric acid makes antibodies

destroys pathogens in the stomach

skin
makes antigens

stops pathogens entering the body

(c) Smoking tobacco is a lifestyle factor that can cause disease.

Name two other lifestyle factors that can cause disease.
(2)

1 ............................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

2 ............................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
(Total for Question 1 = 7 marks)

3
 *P75510A0320* Turn over
2 Figure 2 shows a method used to extract DNA from strawberries.

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Stage 1 Stage 2

beaker
crushed strawberries,
salt solution and
washing up liquid
liquid containing
DNA

boiling tube
Stage 3 Stage 4

boiling tube
ice-cold
ethanol

Figure 2

(a) (i) Complete the sentences using words from the box.
(2)

indicator membranes salt

substrates sugar vacuoles

Crushed strawberries are mixed with washing up liquid and

.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . solution.
Washing up liquid helps to release DNA by breaking open cell

.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(ii) Describe the method shown in stage 2.

(2)

4
*P75510A0420* 
(iii) What is the colour of the DNA precipitate?
(1)
A blue
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B orange

C white

D red

(b) A scientist used this method to find the mass of DNA in four strawberries.
Figure 3 shows the results.

strawberry mass of DNA in ng

1 11.8

2 6.5

3 5.9

4 1.4

Figure 3

(i) The range is the difference between the largest value and smallest value in a
set of numbers.
Which is the range of these results?
(1)
A 13.2

B 10.4

C 5.9

D 5.3

(ii) Calculate the mean mass of DNA.

(1)

mean mass of DNA = ................................. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ng

(Total for Question 2 = 7 marks)

5
 *P75510A0520* Turn over
3 Scientists think that chickens were domesticated from red junglefowl thousands of
years ago.

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Figure 4 shows some information about these birds.

information red junglefowl domesticated chicken

photograph

(Source: © Jamil Bin Mat Isa/ (Source: © Tsekhmister/

Shutterstock) Shutterstock)

mass of adult in kg 0.75 to 1.2 2.5 to 3.0

number of eggs laid per year 10 to 15 250 to 300

Figure 4

(a) Describe how selective breeding has produced chickens that lay large numbers
of eggs.
(3)

6
*P75510A0620* 
(b) Chickens have 78 chromosomes in each of their body cells.

These chromosomes are in pairs.

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(i) Which term describes a chicken body cell?

(1)
A dominant

B haploid

C recessive

D diploid

(ii) State the number of chromosomes found in the gametes produced

by chickens.
(1)

type of cell produced type of cell division number of daughter cells produced

body cell mitosis

gamete

(d) Some animal cells are stem cells.

Describe the function of stem cells.
(2)

(Total for Question 3 = 10 marks)

7
 *P75510A0720* Turn over
4 (a) The common cold is caused by a virus.
(i) Give one reason why antibiotics are not used to treat the common cold.

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(1)

(ii) The development of a new antibiotic has many stages.

Which is the last stage in the development of a new antibiotic?
(1)
A preclinical testing

B discovery

C clinical testing

D diagnosis

8
*P75510A0820* 
(b) Figure 5 shows the effect of adding an antibiotic to a culture of bacteria.

agar plate
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antibiotic
added

non‑resistant resistant
bacterium bacterium

Figure 5

Explain how antibiotic‑resistant bacteria have evolved.

Use information from Figure 5 in your answer.
(4)

9
 *P75510A0920* Turn over
(c) One source of evidence for human evolution is from stone tools.
Give one other source of evidence for human evolution.

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(1)

(d) Figure 6 shows two stone tools.

(Source: © John Kepchar/Shutterstock)

(Source: © Eduardo Estellez/
Shutterstock)

tool A tool B
approximately approximately
4 000 years old 100 000 years old

Figure 6

(i) Explain how these tools provide evidence for human evolution.
(3)

10
*P75510A01020* 
(ii) Describe two methods that scientists use to date stone tools.
(2)
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1 ............................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ........................................................................................................................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ........................................................................................................................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

................................. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

2 ............................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ........................................................................................................................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ........................................................................................................................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

................................. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(Total for Question 4 = 12 marks)

11
 *P75510A01120* Turn over
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
*P75510A01220*
BLANK PAGE

12
5 A student investigated the effect of temperature on the rate of reaction of the
enzyme pepsin.
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Figure 7 shows the data collected.

temperature in °C rate of reaction in mg per minute

0 3.0

10 17.0

20 26.0

30 32.0

40 34.0

Figure 7

(a) Complete the graph by plotting the results shown in Figure 7 and drawing a line
of best fit.
The first two points have been plotted for you.
(2)

30
rate of reaction
in mg per minute
20

0
0 10 20 30 40
temperature in °C

13
 *P75510A01320* Turn over
(b) Pepsin and trypsin are enzymes that break down proteins.
Figure 8 shows the results of an investigation into the activity of pepsin and

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trypsin at different pH levels.

pepsin trypsin

enzyme
activity

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
pH

Figure 8

(i) Which molecules are produced when a protein is broken down?

(1)
A sugars

B amino acids

C fatty acids

D starches

(ii) Describe the trend in the graph for the enzyme pepsin.
Use data from the graph to support your answer.
(3)

14
*P75510A01420* 
(iii) State the optimum pH for the enzyme trypsin.
(1)
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(iv) Explain why there is no trypsin activity at pH 5.

(3)

(v) Temperature is a variable that should be controlled in this investigation.

Give one way the temperature could be controlled.
(1)

(Total for Question 5 = 11 marks)

15
 *P75510A01520* Turn over
6 (a) Malaria is a disease that causes damage to the blood and liver.
(i) Which type of pathogen causes malaria?

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(1)
A a bacterium

B a fungus

C a protist

D a virus

(ii) State how the pathogen that causes malaria is spread.

(1)

(b) Measles is a disease caused by a virus.

Figure 9 shows the number of measles cases reported in England and Wales from
1985 to 2015.

year number of measles cases reported

1985 97 408

1995 7 447

2005 2 089

2015 1 193

Figure 9

Explain one conclusion that can be made about the change in the number of
measles cases reported from 1985 to 2015.
(2)

16
*P75510A01620* 
(c) Describe two ways the immune system will respond to an infection by
a pathogen.
(2)
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(d) (i) Beriberi is a disease caused by a lack of vitamin B1 in the diet.

Give one reason why beriberi is classed as a non‑communicable disease.
(1)

17
 *P75510A01720* Turn over
*(ii) Beriberi can affect reflexes.
Figure 10 shows a reflex arc.

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skin of finger

neurone Y
neurone X

spinal
cord

neurone Z muscle in arm

Figure 10

When the skin is pricked by a pin, electrical impulses travel through a

reflex arc.
Describe the path taken by electrical impulses from the skin to the muscles in
the arm.
Include the names of neurones X, Y and Z in your answer.
(6)

18
*P75510A01820* 
................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(Total for Question 6 = 13 marks)

TOTAL FOR PAPER = 60 MARKS

19
 *P75510A01920*
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
*P75510A02020*
BLANK PAGE

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Bio Foundation

Uploaded by

Bio Foundation

Uploaded by

Please check the examination details below before entering your candidate information

Candidate surname Other names

Centre Number Candidate Number

Pearson Edexcel Level 1/Level 2 GCSE (9–1)

You must have: Total Marks

1 (a) Figure 1 shows a bacterial cell.

(i) What is structure W?

(ii) Give the name of structure Z.

(iii) State the function of structure Z.

body defence function

moves pathogens away from the lungs

hydrochloric acid makes antibodies

destroys pathogens in the stomach

stops pathogens entering the body

(c) Smoking tobacco is a lifestyle factor that can cause disease.

indicator membranes salt

Crushed strawberries are mixed with washing up liquid and

(ii) Describe the method shown in stage 2.

strawberry mass of DNA in ng

(ii) Calculate the mean mass of DNA.

mean mass of DNA = ................................. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ng

information red junglefowl domesticated chicken

(Source: © Jamil Bin Mat Isa/ (Source: © Tsekhmister/

mass of adult in kg 0.75 to 1.2 2.5 to 3.0

number of eggs laid per year 10 to 15 250 to 300

These chromosomes are in pairs.

(i) Which term describes a chicken body cell?

(ii) State the number of chromosomes found in the gametes produced

body cell mitosis

(d) Some animal cells are stem cells.

(Total for Question 3 = 10 marks)

(ii) The development of a new antibiotic has many stages.

Explain how antibiotic‑resistant bacteria have evolved.

(d) Figure 6 shows two stone tools.

(Source: © John Kepchar/Shutterstock)

(Total for Question 4 = 12 marks)

Figure 7 shows the data collected.

temperature in °C rate of reaction in mg per minute

(i) Which molecules are produced when a protein is broken down?

(iv) Explain why there is no trypsin activity at pH 5.

(v) Temperature is a variable that should be controlled in this investigation.

(Total for Question 5 = 11 marks)

(ii) State how the pathogen that causes malaria is spread.

(b) Measles is a disease caused by a virus.

year number of measles cases reported

(d) (i) Beriberi is a disease caused by a lack of vitamin B1 in the diet.

neurone Z muscle in arm

When the skin is pricked by a pin, electrical impulses travel through a

(Total for Question 6 = 13 marks)

TOTAL FOR PAPER = 60 MARKS

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