VOLUME:5 No.

1 March 2020 ISSN :2455-5398

National Journal of Research

ln
( Marketing, Finance & HRM

(
 National Journal of Research in Marketing, Finance & HRM

EDITORIAL BOARD:

Dr. S. G. Walke Dr. M. M. Shetiya

Editor in Chief Editor
walkekrishna@gmail.com mahavi rshetiya @gmail.com

Prof. S. A. Shah Prof. Sudam Shinde

Member Member
swapni lshahT5@gmail.com shindesudaml@gmail.com

REVIEWER PANEL

Dr. Parag Saraf Dr. Yogesh W Bhowte

Director-MBA HOD,
Global lnstitute SKNSSBM,Pune
of Management.
(
Dr. S'ubhash Jadhav Dr. Preeti Kulkarni
Director, Director,
Dr. B.V.Hiray College of Navjeevan Institute of Management,
Management and Research Centre Nashik Nashik

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 National Journal of Research in Marketing,
Finance & HRM
Volume:5 No.1 March 2020 ISSN:2455-5398

INDEX
Sr.
Title & Author Name Page No.
No.

ANALYSI S ON SECURITYUNDERWRITING RI SK MANAGEMENT

1. I
tN CAPITAL RAISING
Miss. Laveena Mukesh Jawahirani
TSHIKAWA DIAGRAM VERIFICATION FOR QUALITY AND 9
PRODUCTIVITY IMPROVEMENT IN CONNECTOR AS SEMBLY
( 2.
up draffig'dde, lfli|Vil<tam PegiljLDi; Rohan,
valS
4. STUDY ON GREEN HR PRACTICES AND ITS IMPACT ON HR 15
3. ]UNCTIONS IN IT INDUSTRY
VIs. Angshupriya. Datta, Miss. Pooja M. Nair
A STUDY ON PERCEPTION OF FACTORS AFFECTING PURCHASE 29
DECISION OF STUDENTS TOWARDS LAPTOP IN PUNE
4.
Prof. Archana Borde. Shuham Katkar
A STUDY OF IMPORTANCE OF PACKAGING AND ITS 38
t. TNNOVATIVE METHODS
Ms. Dhanshri Dahale, Prof. @r.) Shital Lakade
EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE : ITSPOSITIVE INFLUENCE
6. f,NWORK-LIFEBALANCE 44
Ms. Sarah D'souza, Dr. Safia Farooqui

{STUDY OF CONSUMER'S AWARNESS AND ATTITUDE 51

( 7. TOWARDS E _ MONEY WITH SPECIAL REFRANCE TO PUNE CITY
ffiffi
EMPLOYEE GRIEVANCE REDRESSAL SYSTEM AT LIC OF INDIA 58
8. Dr. Ujjwal M. Mishra, Ms. Aishwarya K. Rathi
A.STUDY OF EFFECT OF 'SOCIAL MEDIA MARKETING'ON 66
]ONSUMERS' PURCHASE INTENTIONS
9.

10. A STUDY AND IMPLEMENTATION OF PRODUCTION PLANNING 75

AND CONTROL
 Volume:5 No.1 March 2020 ISSN: 2455-5398

ISHIKAWA DIAGRAM VERIFICATION FOR QUALITY AND

PRODUCTIVITY IMPROVEMENT IN CONNECTOR ASSEMBLY
Ms. Supriya Ramchandra Jagdale
vikrampatil I 69@gmajl.com

Mr. Vikram Patil

vikrampatill 69@grnail. com

Dr. Rohan Dahivale

(Associate Professor),
Rajgad Institute of Management Research & Development, Pune 43
rohandah ivale(@gmai L com

1l Introduction
Ishikawa Fish Bone Diagram
Common uses of the Ishikawa diagram are product design and quality defect prevention to
identify potential factors causing an overall effect. Each cause or reason for imperfection is a
source of variation. Causes are usually grouped into major categories tq identiff and classify
these sources ofvariation.

2l Objectives of the study

1. To understand Ishikawa Diagram Verification for Quality Productivity Improvement
in Connector Assembly.
2. To find erors or defects in manufacturing process of Connector assembly.

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 Volume:5 No.1 March 2020 ISSN:2455-5398

3. To procure for Ishikawa diagram for detection of quality and productivity

improvement in Connector assembly.
4. To find Productivity before and after implementing fixture.
3l Problem Statement
Increasing number of Scrap parts leading to increase the COPQ (Cost of Poor Quality) value

of Plant. The Rejection is mainly because of Machine Parameters and Process Issues. So, the
project "Ishikawa Diagram Verification for Quality and Productivity Improvement in
Connector Assembly"
4l Research Design
Main Objective of Research
The objective of this project is to find out Root Cause for the Scrap occurs in 20P Short Pin
Project. Through this project we can able to identiff rvhat are the causes of rejection and
preventive action measure for the same. Aim to reduce the scrap of the finished product.
Primary Data: It was collected through personal interviews and observations.
Secondary data: The data were collected in the form of company profile and produce profile
from the web sites and newspaper. Some of the books were referred for theoretical concepts.
Methods of Data Collection:
o Data was collected through the defect record sheet (CII-DRS-81).
o Preventive Maintenance Check Sheet (CII-PM-005)
o Start Up Check Sheet (C[-SC-12)
o First Part Inspection Check Sheet (CII-FPI-009)

'51 Data Analysis

To verify the result of defect this is recorded in existing project through the
Cause and Effect Diagram (Ishikawa Diagram)

20P SHORT PIN Reiection Details - Dec. Jan. Feb 2020

Defect Reiection Qty 7o Reiections
PCB Side TP Not Ok- Camera I 3839 23%
Matins Side TP Not Ok- Carnera2 3653 2t%
( Hipot Test Not Ok 2701 r6%
Machine Reiections 2433 r4%
SliveriBurr at Tab cut 1605 9%
Pin Bend 1365 8%
Housing Damage 1230 7%
Pin Height Not Ok - Camera 3 183 t%

TOTAL 17009 100%

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 Volume:5 No.1 March 2020 ISSN: 2455-5398

Defec{s ws Re.}eat$mn
45&S

ASW
35ES

3$$$
?si{S
TN
15ffi
t nn4

5N
s
FSB.SIde
TP PdsK Sk-
{amerd L {ameraS
(
From the above Graphs, we have taken top 2 defects contributor for Analysis through
Ishikawa Diagram.
1. PCB Side TP Not Ok- Camera 1

trffialwEdlor
rmgdim*iom

TeffiIflEtr Fel EF / slis

InlFfoFq [em&rs* StopFer {rerer* si
( $Sing k$e io€ding ststion Vsr{8t*on in li€$rt5
diF*rd lu *:Yel
-
si
Tsmird bend dlrins ditftrs{.li#€ d{rraiim
ie€di$E

[dlsdiorenikl
bending die

Tffiindlr€Bd
dffiEgEd

2. Mating Side TP Not Ok- Cartera2

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 Volume:5 No.1 March 2020 ISSN:2455-5398

Cwelwed
$w wrfl)g
&neEiffi
TermiREi reef berd
tnMsct
tderqeefues

Tsmin$ Fel om'eliGr

llEpropetr tffiMs{ Vsisijm in &ights-
ca.d[in€ diffeRt lw le{€d
tBmin$F€add&Eged dfufs'tt{re
8ffi stuck in d,s€SoR
tEdniinal gs.tFp* Flnsi iffislisn luRdi w
ol{t !$srs}!ckinp6a*1

TffierE* bsddsing
tuedingeF |5 g{sde,pin

(
After the brainstorming, it has been concluded for "Flash in Housing Cavity" as one of
the Major Root Cause.

Further Analysis is done for the cavitv wise review of the housinss for the Flash

Trxhle s$rm s frmvftSr 3 ,zf hns nl sfl rsjs$ii*fi lr-{,ll':ri i:r f,ir*ii*r srde Oms"}rs 7

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 Volume:5 No.l March2020 ISSN:2455-5398

6lFindings
l.Major Defect Contributors are TP Not OK Defect together contributes
-44yo.
2. This Defect is mainly because of the Presence of Flash in the housing
3. Further analysis shows that Cavity 4 Housing are major contributor for
the rejection.

7] Recommendation
Below are recornmendations suggested after the brainstorming session after the Ishikawa
diagram result
1. Immediate Inspection of Molding Parts before it comes at Assembly Line
2. Cavity 4 Mold Design to be Calibrated as per the Standard Mold Design Drawings
( 3. Preventive Maintenance of Mold Machines as per the Plan
4. Implementation ofthe corrective actions and its sustenance
5. Communication of the actions over the assembly line working employees
8l Conclusion
l. Cavity 4 Housing are the major contributor for the Part Rejection.
2. Presence of Flash in Housing is mainly because of Molding Issues.
3. Necessary Action need to take in Mold design of Cavity 4 to avoid flash

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 Volume:5 No.1 March2020 ISSN:2455-5398

References
1) Mr. Sangappa P. Parit, Mr. Y.N. Burali/ Review.Paper On "Poka-Yoke: The Revolutionary
Idea In Total Productive Management"/ Research Inventy: International Journal Of
Engineering And Science Issn: 2278-4721, YoL 2, Issue 4 (February 2013), Pp 19-24

www.Researchinventy. com

2) Shigeo Shingo, Zero Quality Control: Source Inspection and the Poka-yoke System.
Productivity Press.
3) Statistical Quality control by M. M. Mahajan, Dhanpat Rai & Co. Publication.
4) www.6sigma.us/six-sigma
. 5) Grant E.L. Statistical Quality Control- McGraw Hill Book Company, New York.
6) Total Quality Control Feigenban - McGraw Hill Book Company, New York

National fournal of Research in Marketing, Finance & HRM Page14

hd''
 Volume:5 No.1 March 2020 ISSN:2455-5398

A STUDY OF CONSUMER'S AWARNESS AND ATTITUDE TOWARDS

E - MONEY WITH SPECIAL REFRANCE TO PUNE CITY

Ms. Kakade Madhuri S

Assistant professor,
Rajgad Institute of Management research And Development, Pune 43:
madhurikakade I 990@gmail. com

Ms. Simran Khandare

simran.khandare@gmail. com

l.INTRODUCTION:
In last decenniums Indian people are using internet. After demonetization people can using
digital money app. India proceed to coming up cashless money. Indian people have been
using smart phone and making some transaction online cash. As per observation digital cash
to positive impact on consumer using this app. Effect on demonetization to regular
transaction that time opportunity develop for E-Money. After demonetization consumer have
not any option using E-Money apps. All country people support to E-Money. In last decade
rural area people can't using E-Money but currently they are using this wallets. In village
near to bank so people can prefer going to bank and take some cash. Opposite in urban area
people are so busy in our work so they can preferred to digital wallet apps. Usage of this app
( people saves money, user friendly, save time etc. One can use any E-Money apps in smart
phone with necessary internet connection.

2. REVIEW OF' LETURATURE:

(ShatU 2013) Elaborate that "Digital Payment System: Problems and Prospects" India
people are mostly belong to rural are but some people were shifted in city but rural area
people can be prefer bank taking some money because bank is near by village. This reason
rural area people not using digital wallet app. Demonettzation in India government adopted
digital money scheme urban people are prefer digital wallet. In digital money security of
money as cyber crime, facilities etc. E-commerce using digital payment to help grow
international market. In India four trend using cashless payment. Using advance technology
digital payment transaction is strengthening and secure. Indian economy are using digital

National fournal of Research in Marketing, Finance & HRM

 Volume:5 No.1 March2020 ISSN:2455-5398

payment in future strengthen. Indian government scheme are to support for using digital
money.
(Sanatani, 2017) She discussed "Effect of Demonetuation on Digital payment System in
India". Prime Minister Mr. Narendra Modi announce demonetization on 8m Nov 2016 in mid
night at 12:15 am ISI ours speech communicate to India people. That day closed Rs. 500 and
Rs. 1000 crurency. After they introduced Rs 200 and Rs 2000 currency note i4 regular life.
Those days inside of ATM and bank people rush because of exchange old currency. That
time introduce many electronic apps you can use easily transfer money. Last some year's
people can't support to electronic money but now a day support this apps. Demonetization
large effect on E-commerce. In E-commerce mostly delivered to hard cash for daily
transaction. After Demonetization people moStly using digital wallet apps. There are many
apps available in market.
(Baghla, 2018) Stated that "A Study on the Future of Digital Payment in India" Indian
economy to promote cashless using digital payment. Digital money means exchange money
by using electronic apps. In 2016 Prime Minister Mr. Narendra Modi declared
demonetization on 8tr November. Demonetnation concept was main motive is transparency
in India economic. That time digital payment mode in front of economy. This system is to
suppbrt government of India. But some people are not using digital payment mode. Digital
( payment mode under debit cards, credits, internet banking etc. In this paper is of digital
payment acceptance reasons. Digital payment is developing the transparency in money
transaction. Cashless India is dream of Prime Minister Mr. Narendra Modi. In India less and
using digital payment.
(Jacob, 2019) Describe that'A Study on Replacing Currency with Digital Cash Among
Students in Pathanamthitta District". India economy is to promote cashless using digital
payment. In this process customer have waste of time. The hard cash is large using black
money. All banking system has been provide digital money facilities like NEFT,RTGS, Debit
cards, Credit card anything anywhere you can use this app. This app is using time necessary
to intemet connection. Rural area people have no knowledge of internet or lack of knowledge
so they aren't using digital wallet apps. So these reason rural areas people less using this app.
But this app beneficial for people.
(Biradar 2019) Describe that "Digital Money: An Analysis of Users' Perception" Indian
country proceed to coming up cashless money. Prime minister Dr. Narendra Modi had
developed the concept of digital wallets on 1 July 2015. These concepts are main motive in
our country people beneficial for government scheme. Using digital wallets has been
transparency between people and government. As digital in our country people take
positively or negative impact overview. Digital money is no one any type of currency. They
( are using internet exchange cash. As no anyone hard cash use. They using electronic app like
debit card, credit card, F,-wallets, UPI, RTGS, NEFT etc. In India most of people using
internet so they are support this digital wallet.

3. OBJECTIVES:

1) To know the basic theoretical concepts about E-Money.

2) To find people awareness regarding E-Money.

3) To analyze people attitude toward usage of E-Money.

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 Volume:5 No.l March 2020 ISSN:2455-5398

4. RESEARCH DESIGN:

5. DATA ANALYSIS:

This paper is depending on secondary and primary data and information is based on
descriptive essence. This data is set of 50 respondents.
(\
1. Are you aware of E - Money?

retation:
0 Yes
table elaborate that 96.4%
@Ns
respondents are aware ofthe E
- Money and they are using E
-Money. The respondents are
positive attitude by using E-
Monev.

2. Are you using of E:Money?

( retation:
f Yes
(}No this table describe that
87.3% people are using E-
Money. Mostly people
using daily transaction.

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 Volume:5 No.1 March 2020 ISSN:2455-5398

3. I feel there are security problems in digital money.

'o

ryretatron:
above table elaborate that 32.7% people hav.e security problem.Security is most
of E - Monev.

4. I dontt know procedure to use.

(

5. I feel there is delav in transaction.

1FJ

(
10

tion: The above table elaborate that 25.5% people opinion as delay in
transaction bfi 2I.8Yo people assumption isn't delay in transaction. So some people are
him but some aren't usins this

National fournal of Research in Marketing Finance &

 Volume:5 No.l March 2020 ISSN:2455-5398

6. I feel there is higher cost in E - Money.

?o

15

1{t

o
'1 2345

retation:
is table represent that 36.4%o people assumption is higher cost in E - money.

7 .E - Money transfer charges of cash is less.

(
10

2345

tion:
is table describes that 32.7"/o opinion as positive assumption for transfer charges
are very less but some people have not accept it.

transfer are secured.

30

20
(
'10

2 (3.6%]
r 0{096}

2345

this above table 43.6%o people assumption that E - Money transfer are secured
because they are using in daily transaction.

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 Volume:5 No.1 March 2020 ISSN:2455-5398

IU

10

s
?345

retation: This table elaborate that 49.1o/o people can user friendly E - Money
because mostly people can using smar"t phone so they familiar to E - Money.

I
40

20

1D
2{3'696)
{r (o'et,}
0

erpretation:
above table describe that 70.9Vo people save time for using E- Money. In urban
people are so busy mostly using electronic money.

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 Volume:5 No.1 March 2020 ISSN: 2455-5398

than cash transaction.

above table mostly positive response for usage cash transaction E - Money. In
(,
6. F'INDINGS:

I) 90% respondents are familiar of the E- Money and reaming people using E- Money.
2)There are many people have positive impact ofthe E- Money, 85% people are agreed for
using delay transaction.
3) Some people prefer to using E- Money because time saving and no have any transfer cost.

7. CONCLUSION:
Thus through the research conducted researcher to understand consnmer's awarentlss and
attitude E -Money. After demonethation opened inroad of the E - Money. There are many
applications available in market. we studies consumer perception regarding e- Money. Now
users are using smart phone and internet so easy to use in our life. So E- Money utilization
Will surely drastically increase in coming days.

8. REF'ERENCES:
1) Baghla, A. (2018). A Study on the future of Digital Payment In India. IJRAR- lnternotionolJournal of
( reoseorch and Analyticol Review , 5 (4l,.

2) Jacob, A. (2019). A Study on Replacing currency With Digital cash among Students in
Pathanamthitta District. lnternationalJournol Of Scientific Engineering ond Reseorch ,7 (Il.

3) Sanatani, T. (2077).. Effects of Demonetization on Digital Payment System in India. ,JCSNS

lnternational Journol of Computer Science ond Network Security , 77.

4) Shah, Z. A. (2013). Digital Payment System: Problems And Prospects. EPRA lnternational Journol of
Economic onf Business Review , 5 (81.

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 Volume:5 No.1 March2020 ISSN: 2455-5398

A STUDY OF EFFECT OF 'SOCIAL MEDIA MARKETING' ON

CONSUMERS' PURCHASE INTENTIONS

Mr. Pranav Kawade

pranav. kawade94@emai l.co m

Dr. Rohan P. Dahivale

Associate Professor,
Rajgad Institute of Management Research & Development, Pune 43
rohandahivale@gmail. com

AJ Introduction to social media marketing

Social media marketing is the use of social media platforms and websites to promote a
product or service.'Although the terms e-marketing and digital marketing are still dominant
in academia, social media marketing is becoming more popular for both practitioners and
researchers.tt
Most social media platforms have built-in data analltics tools, which enable companies to
track the progress, success, and engagement of ad campaigns. Companies address a range of
stakeholders through social media marketing, including current and potential customers,
current and potential employees, journalists, bloggers, and the general public.
On a strategic level, social media marketing includes the management of a marketing
cbmpaign, governance, setting the scope (e.g. more active or passive use) and the
establishment of a firm's desired social media "culture" and "tone."
When using social media marketing, firms can allow customers and Internet users to
post user-generated content (e.g., online comments, product reviews, etc.) which is also
known as "earned media," rather than use marketer-prepared advertising copy.

Among all Internet users between the ages of 16 and 54 globally, the Wave 3 report suggests
the following:

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 Volume:5 No.1 March2020 ISSN:2455-5398

i. 394 million users watch video clips online

'ii. 346 million users read blogs
iii. 321 million users read personal blogs
iv. . 307 million users visit friends' social network profile pages
v. 303 million users share video clips
vi. 202 millionusers manage profiles on social networks
vii. 248 million users upload photos
viii. 216 million users download video podcasts
ix. 215 million users download audio podcasts
x. 184 million users start their own bloss
xi. 183 million users upload video clips

B] Theoretical F ramework

Perceived
Usefulness

cl Objectives of the Study

l) To find relationship between social media marketing & tust of consumers.
2) To know the impact of trust on consumers' purchase intentions
3) To assess relation between perceived usefulness of products on consumers' purchase
intentions
(
D] Research Design
SN Parameter Description
I Type ofresearch Descriptive Research
2 Research Instrument Structured Questionnaire
a
J Survey period February 2020

4 Scale Likert Scale I to 7, Where:

1 : Strongly Disagree
7: Strongly Agree
5 Primary sources Structured questionnaire

Page 67
 Volume:5 No.1 March2020 ISSN:2455-5398

6 Secondary sources Books. Journals

7 Data interpretation Though Graphs

8 Sample Size 37 (Pilot Study)
9 Sampling Technique Convenient Sampling

El Data analysis & Data Interpretation

Gender
37 resoonses

& lvlale
$ Female

Age Group
37 responses

Below 20
{} 20-40
40,60
O Above 60

Occupation
( 37 responses

& Student
S Service
Own Business
! Housewile
O Retire

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 Volume:5 No.1 March 2020 ISSN:2455-5398

Are you using Social Media?

37 resoonses

I res
lNo

Which social media you are using?

37 resDonses

Instagram (78.4%t

Facebook 31 (83.80/6)
f
I
t'
wh"t 33 (89.2%)
"pp
Telegram

Youlub€ 32 (86.5%)

lik-Tok

Have you noticed advertisements on social media?

38 responses

I Yes
tl r*o

National fournal of Research in Marketing, Finance & HRM ---=q, Page 69

loi-
 Volume:5 No.1 March 2020 ISSN:2455-5398

Itrust advertisements on Social Media

38 responses

100

7,5

5.0

25

lfeel genulne products &amp; services are availabb on social media

38 responses

C
10,0

5.0

25

00

lfeel genuine products &amp; services are available on social media

38 responses

'ic 0

(
75

c.u

2.5

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 Volume:5 No.1 March 2020 ISSN: 2455-5398

I feel products available on social media are as shown in advertisements or pictures

38 responses

'tr0.0

5.0

I trust brands endossed on social media

3B responses

15

10

I feel only useful products are available on social media

38 responses

10.0

50

25

National fournal of Research in Marketing, Finance & HRM Page77

..'

t
l.k
 Volume:5 No.1 March 2020 ISSN:2455-5398

lfeel quality products are available on social media

38 responses

10.0

7.5

5.0

25

I feel products available on social media are cheaper than offline markets
3B responses

r
o

I feel a large variety of products are available on social media are than offline markets
38 responses

'10
0

( 75

50

25

0.0

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 Volume:5 No.1 March2020 ISSN:2455-5398

I usually buy products after the influence of social rnedia advertisements

38 responses

10.0

2.5

5.0

00

I recomrnend products to frlends after seeing the advertisernents on social media

38 responses

'10 0

7.5

2.5

0.0

My overall impression of the usefulness of 'social media marketing'

38 resoonses

S o to 200/q

0 21 ro 40%
41 to 60%
& 61 to 800/"
| 81 to 100%

National fournal of Research in Marketin& Finance & HRM Page73

.i - ri
; 4:-

I .-,'
'| ',

{+t
 Volume:5 No.1 March 2020 ISSN: 2455-5398

Fl Findings:
1) Consumers moderately agree that they trust the advertisements on social media.
2) Consumers feel that products are many times not same as they have shown in the
advertisements.
3) Consumers moderately trust the brands endorsed on social media.
4) Consumers are not much sure about the usefulness ofthe products available.
5) Consumers are moderately agree about good quality products are available.
6) About overall impression about usefulness social media marketing: I5.8%
respondents feel that usefulness in 80 to 100%. 289 % feels that usefulness is 61 to
80% while 36.8 % feel that. usefulness is 4I to 60%o.

Gl Conclusion:
Social media marketing is an effective media for future marketing activities. It is good way to
build a brand, launch a product or service, promotion of events and direct selling. Marketers
should do efforts in building a trust among the consumers. The intention of purchase should
be actually turn into orders.

References:
r-
1) I Felix, R., Rausihnabel, P.A.; Hinsch, C. (2016).
(
"Elements of Strategic Social
Media Marketing: A Holistic Framework".Journal of Business Researph. T0: 118-
126. doi: 1 0. I 01 6/jjbusres.201 6.05.00 I
1
2) Shaltoni, AM (2016-07-01). "E-marketing education in transition: An analysis of
international courses and programs". The International Journal of Management
E duc ati on. A (2): 212-218. doi: 1 0. I 0 1 6 /j.ijme.2Dl 6.04.00 4. IS SN I 472-8 1 1 7
3) Bennett, Shea (April 25, 2014). "Social Media Business Statistics, Facts, Figures &
Trends 20 I 4". Retrieved 20 I 6-04-06.
4) Bowden, J. (March 17,2014). The Impact of Social Media Marketing Trends on
Digital Marketing socialmediatoday. com
5) "Here's How Many Internet Users There Are" Money. Retrieved 2018-03-28.
6) uU.S. population with a social media profile 2017 | Statista". Statista.
Retrieved 2018-03-28.
7) Ryu, Jay Sung (2013). 'Mobile Marketing Communications in the Retail
Environment: A comparison of QR code users and non users". International Journal
( of Mobile Marketing.

lldLIUlIAt ,UUl uqr lrl nEJtdMl llt ttral Agfllr$, r'UdlrLg g ltRlU Page74
 Volume:5 No.1 March 2020 ISSN: 2455-5398

A STUDY AND IMPLEMENTATION OF PRODUCTION PLANNING AND

CONTROL

Mr. Bhupendra Kumar Kelam

Student, Rajgad lnstitute of Management Research Development, Dhankawadi, Pune
bhup endra. kumar(@rediffinail. co m

ABSTRACT

Production planning and control practices are an important task of Production Manager. It
has tb see that production process is properly decided in advance and it is carried out as per
the plan. Production is related to the conversion of raw materials into finished goods. This
conversion process involves a number of steps such as deciding what to produce, how to
produce, when to produce, etc. These decisions are a part, of production planning. Merely
deciding about the task is not sufficient.Botli planr-ring and control of production are
necessary to produce better quality goods at reasonable prices and in a most systematic

manner. Production planning is the function of looking ahead, Control facilitates the task of
manufacturing and sees that every'thing goes as per the plans.

u TNTRODUCTTON
A study has been made in a software company, and The production planning and control
incorporates the following elements, Routing: It is about selection of path or route through
which raw materials pass in order to make it into a finished product. Loading and
scheduling: Loading and Scheduling are concerned with preparation of workloads and
fixing of starting and completing date of each operation. Dispatching: Dispatching is the

routine of setting productive activities in motion through the release of orders and
instructions. Expediting / Follow-up: It is a control tool which brings an idea on breaking
up, delay, rectifying error etc., during the progress of work. Inspection: Inspection is to find
out the quality of executed work process. Corrective: At evaluation process, a thorough
analysis is done, and corrective measures are taken in the weaker spots.

Production Planning & Control is done in three stages namely, Pre-Planning: Under this
phase of production planning, basic ground work on the product design, layout design and

work flow are prepared. The operations relating to the availability scope and capacity of men,
money materials, machines, time are estimated, Planning: This is a phase where a complete

analysis on routing, estimating and scheduling is done. Control: Under this phase, the

National fournal of Research in Marketing, Finance & HRM Page75

 Volume:5 No.1 March2020 ISSN:2455-5398

functions included are dispatching, follow up, inspection and evaluation. It tries to analyze
the expedition of work in progress. This is one of the important phases of the Production
Planning and Control.

2I INDIAN SOF'TWARE INDUSTRY

The Indian software sector displays many unusual features from an Indian
peispective. The most obvious one is its export orientation, accounting for 65%o of the,
total software revenue. There are important qualitative differences between the export
market and the domestic market) The first relates to different types of software
developments which, gives the composition of the domestic and export software
development and services market, domestic market has a higher proportion of revenues
from the sale of software packages and products. Whereas products accounted for nearly

( 40%o of the domestic market, they account for a little under 10% of exports. Over 80% of
I
exports are software services including custom software development, consultancy and
professional services.

The second difference between the domestic and export sectors relates to the stages of
software development as described earlier, Indian firms usually provide low-level design,
coding and some types of testing services for export. For domestic clients the industry
provides a wider range of services that usually spans the entire lifecyile of software
development.

3l OBJECTMS OF',THE STUDY

l. To deliver quality goods in required quantities.

2. To ensure maximum utilization.
( 3. To maintain optimum inventory levels.
4. To prepare production schedule.
' 5. To produce effective results for least total cost.

4] RESEARCH DESIGN
Description
Type ofresearch Explorative Research
Structured Questionnaire

National fournal of Research in Marketing Finance & HRM Page76

 Volume:5 No.1 March2020 ISSN:2455-5398

3 Survey period January 2019 to December 2019

4 Type oflndustry Software Industry
7 Sampling Method Simple Random Sampling
8 Primarv sources Productivity Control Reports, Historical Data
9 Secondary sources Books, Journals, Articles, Magazines

DATA ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION

A) Age of the software companies

l-5 Years: 6lyo,6-10 Years : 28yo,11-15 Years :9%o,>l5Years:2%o
Interpretation: We can find maximum of the companies within 10 years age, these can be
selected for various application.

B) Application of the Companies

Finance %o Accounting: 58olo

Commercial & Servic e: 45%o

Educational & Tranng 45Yo

Government Adm:34Yo
Telecom:34%o

Manufacturng:36&
Only 7.8% are specialized in one field
Intelaretation: Various companies are available with multitasking with a very few
specialized in one activity.

( .- C) Types of Projects
Outsourcing (60%)
' Others (25%)
Commercial(10%)
Build to Order (5%)
Interpretation: Maximum of the activities happen in outsourcing.
D) Human Resource Involved
Whole Life Cycle ofthe Project: 100%
Plawrng:24%o

National fournal of Research in Marketing Finance & HRM '!+\

o
I
 Volume:5 No.l March2020 ISSN:2455-5398

Analys is & Desrgn: 29o/o

.. CODING Stage:57%o
Testing Stage: 31%

Deploying Stage:48%o
Do cumentat ion stage : 2 5%o
Maintenanc e Stage: 25Yo

Interpretation: Maximum ofthe manpower is required in the Coding and deployment stage.

E) Project Duration
< 3 Months (lI%)
3-6 Months (31%)
' 6-9 Months (20%)

9-l2Months(10%)
.
l2-18 Months (11%)
18-24 Months(8%)
>24 Months (9%)

Interpretation: Maximum of the project durations remain in the period of 3. months to 9

months.

F) Cost ofthe Project

64% did not exceed their initial Budget.
7% had cost more than 150% over the planned Budget

G) Customer Involvement in Planning & Control

' Customer Involvement in Planning
{
High:58.8%
Average:38.8%
Low 2.5%6

Customer participation in Functional Department

High:56.6%

Average:6.4%o

Low: l9.2Yo

National fournal of Research in Marketing Finance & HRM Page 78

 Volume:5 No.l March2020 ISSN:2455-5398

II) Project Managers Efforts

Project Managers Efforts
Higher than Previous: 59Yo

Same as Other projects:38%o

Lower thanothers:4%o

CONCLUSION
Production planning and control is a Pre-Production Activity. We should put the emphasis of
production control change to meet the challenges of the different technological and market
context. The author's opinion and the discussion in this paper have indicated that PPC
systems need to change so that the emphasis of PPC will be on how to design and manage
manufacturing operations for responsiveness, globaltzation and supply chain issues, taking in

i) view the planning regarding the Age, type, Human resource, project duration, customer
involvement and Costs.

REFERENCES.
1) Jonsson P., Mattson S. (2003), The implications of fit between planning en-
virements and manufacturing planning and control methods, ,Jnternational Journal of
Operations & Production Management", Vol. 23, Is-sue 8.

2) Abhilash P and Janardhana K (2019), the "Recent Trends in Production Planning and

.. Control", International Journal of Engineering Research & Technology (IJERT),

ISSN: 2278-018, Vol. 8Issue 06, June-2019
3) Jonsson, Patrick, and Stig-Arne Mattson. "Use and Applicability of Capacity Planning

Methods." Production and inventory Management Journal 43, no.3-4 (2002):89-95.

4) Ahmed M. Deif, Waguih H. ElMaraghy, (2007), "Agile MPC system linking
(
manufacturing and market strategies"- Journal of Manufacturing Systems, Volume
26. Issue 2, April2007, Pages 99-107.

5) Vollmann, Thomas E., William l. Berry, D. Clay Whybark, and Robert F. Jacobs.
Manufacturing Planning and Control Systems. Boston: McGraw-Hill, 2005

ij.;i.1-.,r*. r.,
National fournal of Research in Marketing, Finance & HRM .r' "i1.,
..-.,-,.--.t2 i Page79
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 National Journal of Research in Marketirg, Finance & HRM
Volume: 6 No.I March202l ISSN:2455-5398

INDEX

Title & Author Name Page No.

TMPLEMENTATION OF TRACEABILITY IN PRODUCTION

.NNING SYSTEM

( I IN TELECOM SECTOR IN TFM POST LIBERALIZATION

. Kishor P. Bholane

STUDY OF IMPACT ON SOCIAL MEDIA MARKETING

ON
JSTOMER AWARENESS AND PERCEPTION LEVEL FOR
DEMAT
:Archana Borde, Dipati Agrawal

]RNATIONAL FINANCIAL REPORTING STANDARDS

[IFRS] :
HISTORICAL IMPLICATIONS IN DIFFERENT COUNTNTPS
r. Mohan Devappa Chinee

HITE PAPER ON - EMERGING IMPORTANCE OF BUSINESS

ODEL INNOVATION
( . Yogesh Raut, Neha Deshpande

ALYSING EMPLOYEE POACHING AS A MODERN-DAY

RUITMENT TOOL
Arvind A. Dhond

STUDY OF IMPACT OF E-COMMERCE oN INDIA's CoMMERCE

ACTORS AFFECTING FOR THE GROWTH OF DISPOSABLE

APER PLATE PRODUCTS MANUFACTURING BUSINESS
IN PUNE
ras Ramesh Gaikwad

i{5r.ti
 National Journal of Research in Marketiog, Finance & HRM

A STUDY OF EFFECTIVENESS OF AVIATION CARGO LOGISTICS

9. f,PERATION IN INDIAN SCENARIO 63-70

A STUDY ON FINANCIAL & INCOME TAX PLANNING FOR

SALARIED EMPLOYEES WITH REFERENCE OF DR.AMBEDKAR 7t-79
10.
COLLEGE, YERWADA, PUNE.(F. y ._2019_20)
Dr.Kakade Shivaji M.

ROLE OF UNIVERSITIES IN IMPROVING FINANCIAL LITERACY 80-89

11.
{ND FINANCIAL INCLUSION: A CASE STUDY oF KOLHAPUR
/'\ )ISTRICT
Dr. Amardeep D. Jadhav

12. BASIC CONCEPTS, BENEFITS, AND TYPES OF GOOD AND

SERVICE TAX IN INDIA 90-94
Mr. Shelar PratikAshok, Dr. G. M. Dumbre

13. SIGNIFICANCE OF PERFORMANCE MANAGEMENT IN THE

CRGANIZATION 95-99
Dr. Manisha A. Navare Kulkarni

14. AREVIEW ON E-PHARMACY IN INDIA _ SWOT ANALYSIS

100-107
Mr. N. P. Awari, Dr. P. B. Suryawanshi

15.
TNNOVATIVE AND CREATIVE THINKING HELP TO
ENTREPRENEUR TO SURVIVE SUCCESSFULLY EVEN IN 108-l 18
C PANDEMIC SITUATION OF COVID-Ig.
Manjusha Arun Thorat - Patil, Dr. Sanap S.B.

A STUDY OF PERCEPTION OF COMMERCE STUDENTS TOWARDS

16. tt9-123
SHOICE BASED CREDIT SYSTEM
Dr. Kishor P. Bholane

TMPACT OF SELF-EMPLOYMENT TRAINING PROGRAMME ON

17. t24-134
MEMBERS OF SHG OF THE PUNE CITY
VIrs. Sukanya Harshal Jagtap

18.
MPACT OF FORMATION TRAINING PROGRAM AND ITS
MPLEMENTATION BY PUNE MTINICIPAL CORPORATION FOR r35-l4I
JELF I{ELP GROUPS
VIrs. Sukanya llarshal Jagtap

. r.J r n..A y)
 National Journal of Research in Marketiog, Finance
& HRM
NDIAN DAIRY INDUSTRY _ A SUCCESSFUL CONTRIBUTION
AMUL" - ANAND MTLK UNION LTD.
. Mohan D. Chinee

STUDY ON WORK.LIFE BALANCE AMONGST INDIVIDUALS

JRING COVID- 1 9 PANDEMIC 150-158
rof.(Mrs.) shravani s. Mandarkar, prof. prathamesh
R. Bobhate

PACTING OUT OF HOME (OOH) MEDIA ADVERTISING

IN
VID-19: A LITERATURE REVIEW
Rupa Rawal, Dr. Amod Markale
(-
HANGING THE CONSUMER AND RETAILERS PERCEPTION
OWARDS CASHLESS TRANSACTION AND ITS
IMPACT FOR
USTAINABLE GROWTH IN INDIAN ECONOMY
ish Suryaprakash Gade, Minakshi Chikhalkar

RESPONSIBILITIES OF MANAGEMENT INFORMATION

YSTEM IN IMPROVING MANAGERIAL PERFORMANCE
AND 1 7l-1 85
Chavan, Dr. Magadum Alkawati A, prof. Mugdha U.

(
.;'i'ru- i
\i$\
ili y''
\
\d'.-
-=.---',^S;
\-*.lJ"t,
 Volume:6 No.1 March2027 ISSN:2455-5398

AN IMPLEMENTATION OF TRACEABILITY IN
PRODUCTION
PLANNING SYSTEM

Dr. Rohan P. Dahivale

(Associate Professor)
Rajgad Institute ofManagement Research& Development, pune
- 43
rohandahivale@gmail. com

Datta K. Satpute
(Student)
Rajgad Institute of Management Research& Development, pune
43
datt a. stpfie @gma il. c o m

Introduction-
Necessary information such as manufacturers,
suppliers, and distributors is recorded. This
information is tracked in all processes from procurement
of raw materials and parts to
machining, assembly, distribution, and sales to ensure
that their histories can be traced.
Three terms of traceability
In this paper three terms for traceability with distinguishing
aims will be consistently used;
traceability, traceability system, and traceability methods.
The relations between the three
terms are graphically described in Figure In words,
the relation could be described as
follows: "Models showing the product flow in process
sections are constructed with
traceability methods. The various product flow models
for the process sections are then
Alljl!4jlg1.ug.ubi|ityryrl .hi"u.truleabilitythroughrhe
National fournal of Research in Marketing Finance
& HRM
 Volume:6 No.1 March2027 ISSN:2455-5398

Advantagesof traceabilify
o Improve dataaccuracy
o fncrease operational productivity
o Protect your brand and bottom line
Disadvantages of traceabilify
o Time consuming
o Management changing
o Checklist updates
X'eatures of traceability
o Regulatory and Compliance Reporting
o Detailed Search and filtering
o Real-Time production and euality Monitoring
o End-to-EndERp andMES Integration
. Time Sensitive Materials and Expiration Monitoring
. Security
o Data Collaboration
o Extensive Drill Down
Objectives of the Study

l. To understand basic theoretical concept oftraceability.

2. To analyse shift wise production Kl EBR Modal.

3. To find weekly production efficiency in the production.

Reseurch Statement pro blem

The main problem occurs in production planning system
are following: observed volatile
demand rates, under-capacity of the production system,
high emergency shipment costs, and

National fournal of Research in Marketing Finance & HRM

Page2
 Volume:6 No.1 March2027 ISSN:2455-5398

obsolete labour' The under-c apacrty of the

system is caused by a lack of knowledge about
production system configurations with a high
output per time unit.
There is argued that the production line is able
to operate under lowei tact-times, but the
physical requirements to change the line
to these requirements are currently not known.
During the literature review, it was observed that in production planning and control
manufacturing systems and hybrid systems, there
are uncertainties associated with the
performance due to dynamic variations
in number of kanbans, machine break down and
repatr, demand variability and inventory for
serial and non-serial flow systems.

Methods of data collection

Primary Data

( System need primary data conveyor system

live mass production, one seryer system with
PC' PLC,HMI, Sensor, Data matric
QR code printer, one Auto Scanner and control panel.
Also'need sQL Server, .Net frame work and Mitsubishi
Gx works3 Ladder Logic software
Secondary Data
a) collection: connects to automated, semi-automated and manual production
to count
and collect data with minimal or no human intervention.
As per customer
requirement provide so lution.
b) Display: Presents relevant production information back
to operators, line leaders,
supervisors, the supporting departments and the management.
Big TV display
provide on system live mass production industry.
c) Analysis: Should provide sufficient production data for
the management to conduct
relevant analysis at all level in the shop floor.

(
Data Analysis

Data related high level security provide, does not permission

of worker data changes and
interferences permission. Permission allows only
Manager, Sr. Manager and line supervisor
only data log, data management normal changes in traceability
permission only authorised
person'Analysis of data management to implement
system as per customer reqtrirement.As
per customer requirement collect Testing system
data from pLC to software.Different part
parameters data collected and save in excel
format as well as display on pC screen. Design
user dashboard to display all bike part parameters
status like alarm, warning, real time SMS

National fournal of Research in Marketing pirr"rr." g

Hil_] Page 3
 Volume:6 No.1 March202L ISSN:2455-5398

& Email alert, with respect to parameters status show and report generate.

sr1r542700

sl11542701

strrs42702
(
Table 1: Shift wise production Kl EBR ABS Model

Above table I shows production side cover today,s production plan l0 part morning
shift target.

PLAN

25
20
15
10
5

o
sL1,L5427@ sL1,L5427o]. s1.7r542702
Kl EBR ABS K1 EBR AB5 K1 EBR ABS
L 2 3

(
Graph 1: Shift wise production Kl EBR Model

Side cove shift wise plan is generated, lower and upper as per
requirement of customer. Not
constant production of all shifts, first shift has 10 parts needed for
customer, second shift has
25 parts and third shift has 20 parts, second max production as compare
to first shift and
second shift' An Actual current plan and today's production
are same. No production loss
and all data logged and stored on seryer.

National fournal of Research in Marketing Finance & HRM

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 March202t ISSN:2455-5398

1 Kl EBR AB5 5111542700

Graph 2: Pie Chart Shift wise production Kl EBR Modal

As above graph shows data actual plan and production completion process
of Kl EBR ABS
model' Quality manager's full day plan is to submit the production manager
and production
supervisor First shift plan in l0 Kl EBR ABS model target.
First shift's ok part 4, rework part 4 and scrap part 2. So production loss generate because in
( given time l0 part dispatch at a time is not possible for production head. Same
work on
second shift plan 25 patt ok part 16, rework part6 and,3 part scrap.
Third shift production
actual plan 20 part as per production dat4 Production improve better
than first and second
shift. Ok part 15, rework part 4 and scrap part no large production loss in
third shift.
After understanding the system processes at the line, we tried to elaborate more
on the actual
issues and their production management and parttrace. For the purpose
of easily data stored
of the system, we differentiated the working of the system into the current and
required
states. The performance of the line was majorly based on measurement
of production
efficiency and was displayed on the activity boards in the form of day-by the hour-
production.

3O r-
(
"-.o- 1 K1 ESR ABS
. .51115427@
+.2(1 EBRABS
15 _. s77t542701
10 ^-N*3 K1 EBR A8S
. sttts42702
5

PLAN OK PART SCMP

Graph 3: Line Chart Shift wise production Kl EBR ABS Modal

National fournal of Research in Marketing Finance & HRM

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 Volume:6 No.1 March202L ISSN:2455-5398

Batch production and therefore effrciency was increased for a certain

amount of time. Thus
effrciency parameter does not provide a clear picture of the performance of
the system. It is
therefore required to check the finished and unfinished product inventory levels.

Weekly production elliciency data collected company:

The performance of the line was majorly based on measurement of production

efficiency
and was displayed on the activity boards in the form of day-by-day and
the hour-by-hour
prodirction. The data is collected from the shift records provided by the
company. As seen
from the beloved gtaph, the effrciency varies in the range from around lowest
of I0%o to
highest of 70%o. The variation was found high in nature and not pretending
to any specific
pattern. This figure gives an overall picture but has limited use so as
to understand which
specific area needs to be improved. It should be further assisted with the help
of other
performance measurement criteria. The need of another performance parameter justified
{ is if
we observe the figure shown below.

Graph 4: Weekly Production efficiency

Prediction and description can be achieved by using data minimizng a tasks such
( as
classification, predictiorl association, regression, clustering, summarization, dependency
modelling, and change and deviation detection. In descriptive modelling the aim is to
describe notto predict models. As a consequence, descriptive are used in the setting of
unsupervised learning. Typical methods of descriptive are density estimation, smoothing,
data.segmentation and clustering. For predictive, it falls into the category of supervised
learning with method like classification, regression a decision tree.

National fournal of Research in Marketing Finance & HRM

Page 6
 Volume:6 No.1 March2027 ISSN:2455-5398

REQUIRED MATERIAL

+REQUIRED MATER'AI

Graph 5:Line Chart ofRequired Material

The strength of the connections between neurons increases with frequency of stimulation
and the neural networks also operates in the same manner. The third technique is
r rules.
\ Rules induction is one of the major forms of data mining and is perhaps the most cornmon
form of knowledge discovery in unsupervised learning systems because it is relatively easy
to understand. When the rules are mined out of the database, the rules can be used either to
understanding the business problems or to perform an actual predictions against some
predefined prediction target. Beside the previously mentioned techniques, genetic
algorithms
and fuzzy logic were another example of artificial intelligence techniques that have place in
data mining applications.

Findings
Traceability and production management important finding key are following:

1. Having access to all the data on products' paths enables manufacturers to dig deep,
and find the root cause of problems. Issues are identified and solved quickly to
minimize impact.
(
2' Seeing how parts and products move through lines facilitates continuous
' improvement. Indeed, improvement opportunities are lost when genealogical data is
not accessible. Knowing where and when bottlenecks and delays occur makes real-
' time optimization possible.
3. Since traceability monitors how products move through the manufacturing process, it
helps with value stream mapping. Equipped with detailed product genealogy records,

manufacturers gain supply chain visibility, which provides a much more granular
picture of their operations' value stream.

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 Volume:6 No.1 March2027 ISSN: 2455-5398

4. Moreover, part traceability along the entire production line can also help find key
points where quality check-ups should be added. It also increases accountability and
engagement on the shop floor.

Con,clusion
Technology-enabled end-to-end traceability in two wheeler part value chains, coupled with

multi stakeholder collaboration, has the potential to fundamentally improve production

systems. To achieve its full potential, stakeholders will need to come together to enable

emerging technologies and to install a broad system and standards. This collaboration should
be built on a shared vision and executed with recognition of the mutual benefits of
partnership.

Over-time costs and emergency shipment costs are not included in these analyses.
Furthermore, the used capacrty scenarios are based on empirical datq but remain an
r approximation of the true behaviour of the production system, when adding a worker to the
system. Nonetheless, these scenarios should provide a sound insight in the methods of
planning, and in the practical use and the importance of the capacity scenarios. The
traceability in the distribution chain would significantly increase by applying the barcode
part tracing technique. The improved traceability gives a better opportunity to see how the

products are affected by the handling in the distribution chain, as analyses from different
stages in the distribution chain can be compared.

References

l. Alfaro, J.A., R6bade, L.A.: Traceability as a strategic tool to improve inventory

management: A case study in the automobile industry. Int. J. Prod. Econ. 118 (l),
( 10,1--110 (2009)

2 Barata, J., Cunha, P.R.: Mending the patchwork of requirements from multiple
standards using participative goal modelling: a case in the atomobile industry. Requir.

Eng. in press 1-17 (2017) Information Systems (EMCIS). pp. 1-13. , Krakow, Poland
(20r6)
Brettel, M., Friederichsen, N.: How virtualization, decentralization and network
building change the manufacturing landscape: An Industry 4.0 Perspective. Int.
J. Mech. Aerospace, Ind. Mechatron. Manuf Eng. 8 (I),3744 (2014)

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4 Cubero, S., Lee, W.S., Aleixos, N., Albert, F., Blasco, J.: Automated Systems Based
on Machine Vision for Inspecting Citrus Fruits from the Field to Postharvest-
a European Commission: Eurostat Prodcom - statistics by product,
http://ec.europa.eu,/eurostat/web/prodcorn, Accessed: April 26,2017, (2015)
5. Jansen-Vullers, M.H., Van Dorp, C.A., Beulens, A.J.M.: Managing traceability
information in manufacture. Int. J. Inf. Manage.23 (5),395413 (2003)

^"g"e -
 Volume;6 No.1 March2027 ISSN: 2455-5398

A sruDY oF IMPACT oF E-coMMERcE oN INDIA,s coMMERcE

Dr. Praiakta Warale, Mr.Umesh Soni

Associate Professor, Rajgad Institute of Management Research and Development,pune-43

MBA-II( Business Analytics) Rajgad Institute of Management Research and

Development Pune-43

Abstract:

E-commerce involves an online transaction. E-commerce provides multiple

benefits to the
consulners in form of availability of goods at lower cost, wider choice and
saves time. The
general category of ecommerce can be broken down into two parts:
E-Merchandise & E-
finance. Many companies, organizations, and communities in India are doing business
using E-comlnerce and also are adopting M-commerce for doing business. Ecommerce
is
showing tremendous business growth in India. Increasing internet users have added
to its
growth' Despite being the second largest user base in world, only behind
China (650
million,4S% of population), the penetration of e-commerce is low compared to markets
like the united States (266 M, g4yo), or France (54 M, gl%), but is growing at an
unprecedented rate, adding around 6 million new entrants every month. The industry
consensus is that growth is at an inflection point. India's e- commerce market
was worlh
about $3.9 billion in 2009, it went up to $12.6 billion in 2018. In 2018, the e-retail
segment was wofth US$2.3 billion. About j0% of India's e_commerce rnarket is travel
related. According to Google India. there were 35 million online shoppers in India
in2014
Q1 and is expected to cross 100 million mark by end of year 2019. By 2021, India is
expected to generate $100 billion online retail revenue out of which
$35 billion will
apparel sales are set to grow four times in coming years. This paper is outcome of a
review
of various research studies carried out on Impact of E,-commerce on Indian Commerce.

Key ll/ords: E-commerce, E-finance, E-Merchandise, M- Comrnerce.

_*.L_,

INTRODUCTION
India has emerged as one of the major players on the new international business scene.
Its
unstoppable economic growth since reforms in 1991 has become the focus of attention
of
researchers in the area of international business and management. The purpose
of this
paper is to review the impact of e-commerce on Indian Commerce that has
been published
m business and mana urnals, with the aim of knowing what are the most
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influential papers, what are the issues that have received the most attention, which are
the
main frndings or what more needs to be done in terms of research

E.COMMERCE
E-commerce is a paradigm shift. It is a "disruptive" innovation that is radically
changing the traditional way of doing business. Electronic cornmerce is a type of
business model, or segment of a larger business model, that enables a firm or individual

to conduct business over an electronic network, typically the internet. E-commerce is the
buying and selling of goods and services, orthe transmitting of funds or data,over an
electronic network, primarily the Internet. These business transactions are business-to-
business, business-to-consumer, consumer-to-consumer or consumer-to-business. The
term e- tail is used in reference to transactional processes around online retail. E-
commerce is conducted using a variety of applications, such as email, fax, online
catalogs and shopping carts, Electronic Data Interchange (EDI), File Transfer protocol,
(
' and Web services' It can be thought of as a more advanced
form of mail-order
purchasing through a catalog. E- Commerce is the movement of business
onto the World
Wide Web. The effects of e-commerce are already appearing in all areas of business,
from customer service to new product design. It facilitates new types of information
based business processes for reaching and interacting with customers like online
advertising and marketing, online order taking and online customer service.

There has been a rise in the number of companies taking up e- conrmerce in the recent
past. Major Indian portal sites have also shifted towards ecornmerce instead
of depending
on advertising revenue. Many sites are now selling a diverse range of products and
services from flowers, greeting cards, and movie tickets to groceries, electronic gadgets,

and computers, etc

\

Historical Development of E-Commerce

A timeline for the development of e-commerce:

' I97l or 1972: The ,ARPANET is used to arrange acannabis sale between students at
the Stanford Artificial Intelligence Laboratory and the Massachusetts Institute of
Technology, later described as "the seminal act of e- commerce" in John Markoffs
bookWhat the Dormouse Said.

' 1979: Michael Aldrich demonstrates the first online shopping system"

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' 1981: Thomson Holidays UK is fnst business-to-business online shopping system to be

' installed.

' 1982: Minitel was introduced nationwide in France by France Tdldcom and used
for online ordering.

' 1983: California State Assembly holds frst hearing on "electronic commerce" in
volcano, california. Testi&ing are cpUC, MCI Mail, prodigy, compuServe,
Volcano Telephone, and Pacific Telesis. (Not permitted to testiff is
euantum
Technology, later to become AOL.)

' 1984: Gateshead SIS/Tesco is frst B2C online shopping system and Mrs Snowball, 72,
is the first online home shopper

' 1984: In April 1984, CompuServe launches the Electronic Mall in the USA and Canada.
It is the frst comprehensive electronic cornmerce service.
(: '. 1990: Tim Berners-Lee writes the first webbrowser, worldwideweb, using a
NeXT computer.
1992: Book Stacks Unlimited in Cleveland opens a commercial sales website
(www.books.com) selling books online with credit card processing.
1993: Paget Press releases edition No. 3 of the frst ry store, The Electronic
AppWrapper

' 1994: Netscape releases the Navigator browser in October under the code name
Mozilla.
Netscape 1.0 is introduced in late 1994 with SSL encryption that made transactions
secure.

' 1994: Ipswitch IMail Server becomes the first software available online for sale and
immediate download via a partnership between Ipswitch, Inc. and OpenMarket.

' "Ten Summoner's Tales" by Sting becomes the frstsecure online purchase.
.7994:
{ ' 1995: The US National Science Foundation lifts its former strict prohibition of
commercial enterprise on the Internet.

'1995: Thursday 27 April 1995, the purchase of a book byPaul Stanfield, product
Manager for compuserve uI! fiom w H Smith's shop within compuServe's uK
Shopping Centre is the UK's frst national online shopping service secure transaction.
The shopping service at launch featured W H Smith, Tesco, Virgin Megastores/Our
Price, Great Universal stores (GUS), Interflora,Dixons Retail, past Times, pc world
(retailer) and Imovations.

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' 1995: Jeff Bezos launches Amazon.com and the first commercial-free 24-hour,
internet-only radio stations, Radio HK and NetRadio start broadcasting. eBay is
founded by computer programmer Pierre Omidyar as AuctionWeb.
. 1996: IndiaMART B2B marketplace established in India.
. 1996:-ECPlazaB2B marketplace established in Korea.
' 1998: Electronic postal stamps can be purchased anddownloaded for printing from the
Web.

' 7999: Alibaba Group is established in Chirra. Business.com sold for US

$7.5 million to eCompanies, which was purchas ed n 1997 for US
$149,000. The peer-to-peer filesharing softwareNapster launches. ATG
Stores launches to sell decorative items for the home online.
. 2000: The dot-combust.
( . 200I: Alibaba.com achieved profitability in December 2001.
'2002: eBay acquires PayPal for $1.5 billion. Niche retail companies Wayfair and
NetShops are founded with the concept of selling products through several targeted
domains, rather than a central portal.
. 2003: Amazon.com posts first yearly profit.
. 2003: Bossgoo B2B marketplace established in China.
' 2004: DHgate.com, China's first online b2b transaction platform, is established,
forcing other b2b sites to move away from the "yellow pages" model.
. 2007: Business.com acquired by R.H. Donnelley for g345 million.
' 2009: Zappos.com acquired by Amazon.com for $928 million. Retail Convergence,
operator of private sale website Ruelala.com, acquired by GSI commerce for

$180 million, plus up to $170 million in earn-out payments based on performance

( ttrough2012.
' 2010: Groupon reportedly rejects a $6 billion offer from Google. Instead, the
group buying websites went ahead with an IPO on 4 November 20ll.It was the
largest IPO since Google.

' 20lr: Quidsi.com, parent company of Diapers.com, acquired by Amazon.com for $500
million in cash plus $45 million in debt and other obligations. GSI Commerce, a
company specializing in creating, developing and running online shopping sites for
brick and mortar businesses, acquired by eBay for $2.4 billion.

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. 2014: Overstock.com processes over $1 million in Bitcoin sales. India's e-

commerce industry is estimated
to have grown more than 30%o from20l2 to $12.6 billion in20l3. US eCommerce and
Online Retail sales projected to reach 5294 billion, an increase of 12 percent over
2013 and 9% of all retail sales. Alibaba Group has the largest Initial public
offeringever, worth $25 billion.
2015: Amazon.com accounts for more than half of allecommerce growth, selling almost
500 Million SKU's in the US.

K.EY DRIVERS IN INDIAN E.COMMERCE

Large percentage ofpopulation subscribed to broadband Internet, burgeoning 3G internet
users, and a recent introduction of4G across the countrv.
' Explosive growth of Smartphone users, soon to be world's second largest Smartphone
f
user base.

Rising standards of living as result of fast decline in poverty rate.

Availability of much wider product range (including long tail and Direct Imports)
compared to what is available at brick and mortar retailers.
Competitive prices compared to brick and mortar retail driven by disintermediation
and reduced inventory and real estate costs.

Increased usage of online classified sites, with more consumer buying and selling
second-hand goods
Evolution of Million-Dollar startup like Jabong.com, Saavrl Makemytrip,
Bookmyshow, Zomato Etc.
India's retail market is estimated at $470 billion in 20ll and is expected to grow to $675
billion by 2016 and $850 billion by 2020, - estimated CAGR of l0%o. According to
( Forrester, the e-commerce market in India is set to grow the fastest within the Asia-
Pacific Region at a cAGR of over 57% between 2012 -2016. India has an
internet user base of about 354 million as of June of 2015. Despite being the second
largest user base in world, only behind China (650 million, 4BYo of population), the
penetration of e-commerce is low compared to markets like the United States (266 M,
84yo), or France (54 M, Slyo), but is growng at an unprecedented rate, adding around
6 million new entrants every month. The industry consensus is that growth is at
air inflection point. In India, cash on delivery is the most preferred payment method,
accumulating 75% of the e-retail activities. Demand for international consumer
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 Volume:6 No,1 March202L ISSN:2455-5398

products (including long-tail items) is growing much faster than in-country supply fiom

authorized distributors and e-commerce offerings. Largest e-commerce companies in

India are Flipkart, Snapdeal, Amazonlndi4 and paytm
. Growth Prospects of E-Commerce in India:
Increasing internet and mobile penetration, growing acceptability of online
' payments and favourable demographics has provided the e-commerce sector in
India the unique opportunity to companies connect with theii customers, it said.
There would be over a five to seven fold increase in revenue generated through e-
commerce as compared to last year with all branded apparel, accessories, jewellery,
gifts, footwear are available at a cheaper rates and delivered at the doorstep, (as per
industry body Assocham). It is noted that the buying trends during 2016 will witness a
significant upward movement due to aggressive online discounts, rising fuel price and
{ wider and abundant choice will hit the e-commerce industry in20l6.
It observed mobile commerce (m-commerce) is growing rapidly as a stable and
secure supplement to the e-commerce industry. Shopping online through smart phones is

proving to be a game changer, and industry leaders believe that m- commerce

. could contribute up to 70 per cent of their total revenues. In India roughly 60-65 per
cent of the total e- commerce sales are being generated by mobile devices and tablets,
increased by 50 per cent than in year 2015 and also likely to continue upwards. It noted
that the browsing trends, which have broadly shifted from the desktop to mobile devices
in India, online shopping is also expected to follow suit, as one out of three customers
currently makes transactions through mobiles in tier-1 and tier-2 cities. In 2015, 78 per
cent of shopping queries were made through mobile devices, compared to 46 per
cent in 2013.ln2015,the highest growth rate was seen in the apparel segment almost

t 69.5 per cent over last year, followed by electronic items by 62 percent, baby care
'\
products at 53 per cent, beaut5l and personal care products at 52 per cent and home
furnishings at 49 per cent. It revealed that Mumbai ranks first in online shopping
followed by Delhi, Ahmedabad, Bangalore and Kolkata. on the mode of payment,
almost 45 per cent of online shoppers reportedly preferred cash on delivery mode
o.f payment over oredit cards (16 per cent) and dcbit cards (21 per cent).
-Only 10 per cent opted for internet banking and a scanty 7 per cent preferred cash
cards, mobile wallets, and other such modes of payment, it said. Among the above
age segments, 18-25 years of age group has been the fastest growing age segment online

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with user growth being contributed by both male and female segments. The survey
revealed that 38 per cent of regular shoppers are in 18-25 age group, 52per centn26-
35, 8 per cent in 36-45 and2per cent inthe age group of45-60.
a
Challenges ofE-commerce in India
a India has less credit card population, lack
of fast postal services in rural India.
Accessing the Internet is currently hindered down by slow transmission speeds,
frequent disconnects, cost of Wireless connection and wireless communication
standards overwhich data is transmitted. High-speed-bandwidth Internet connection
not available to most citizens of the nation at an affordable rate. In Indi4 mostly
people are not aware about the English language or not so good in English language. So

that for the transaction over internet through electronic devices, language becomes one
of the major factors to hire and sell a particular product or services.
purchases,

{ Multiple issues of trust in e-commerce technology and lack of widely accepted

standards, lack of payment gateways, privacy of personal and business data
connected over the Internet not assured security and confidentiality ofdata not in
place to deploy ubiquitous IT Infrastructure and its maintenance.

. Conclusion

' Growth of e-commerce depend to a great extent on effective IT security systems for
which necessary technological and legal provisions need to be put in place
and strengthened constantly. while many companies, organizations, and
communities in India are beginning to take advantage of the potential of e-
commerce, critical challenges remain to be overcome before e-commerce would
become an asset for common people.

' With the explosion of internet connectivity through mobile devices like Smartphone
(
and tablets, millions of consumers are making decisions online and in this way
enterprises can build the brand digitally and enhance productivity but government

' policies must ensure the cost effective methods/solutions. E- Commerce in India is
' destined to grow both in revenue and geographic reach. The challenge of
establishing consumer hust in e-commerce poses problems and issues that need
further research.

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REFERENCES:
' Abhijit Mitra 2013. "E-cornmerce in India- a review", International Journal of
Marketing, Financial Services and Management Research ISSN 2277- 3622
' Yol.2, No. 2, February (2013)
' Alka Raghunath, 2013. '?roblem and Prospects of E- Commerce ", International
Journal of Research and Development - A Management Review (IJRDMR) ISSN
(Print): 2319-5479, Volume-2, Issue
- l,Z0I3 68
' Dr. sachin Gupta" 2014. "Benefits and Drawbacks of M- commerce in India: A
Review", International Journal of Advanced Research in computer and
Communication Engineering Vol. 3, Issue 4, April2014.

' E-Commerce Companies in India (n.d), http:/lcomp aniesinindia.net/top-10-

ecornmerce-companies-in-india. html as viewed on 1 0.02. l 6
{ ' Electronic Commerce (n.d), http://www.investopedia.com/ terms/elecornmerce.as
viewed on 15.03.16

'. Gangeshwer, D. K. 2013." E-commerce or Internet Marketing: A Business

Review from Indian Context", International Journal of u- and e- Service. Science
and Technology Vol.6, No.6.

' Sarbapriya Ray 2011." Emerging Trend of E-commerce in India: some crucial
Issues, Prospects and challenges", computer Engineering and Intelligent systems
ISSN 2222- l7l9 (Paper) ISSN 2222-2863yot2, No.5, 20l l

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 Volume:6 No.1 March202L ISSN:2455-5398

A STUDY OF EF'FECTIVENESS OF'AVIATION CARGO LOGISTICS

OPERATION IN INDIAN SCENARIO

Mr. Hrushikesh Mahindra Lokhande

hrushike shl okhandeT 7 @gmail. co m
Rajgad Institute of Management Research and Development pune - 411043

Dr. RohanDahivale
(Associate Professor)

rohandahivale @gmail. com

Rajgad Institute of Management Research and Development pune - 4lro43

competitive industry with any stakeholders

Keywords: Aviation Cargo, Logistics Operation

lJ Introduction
Modern aviation transport is an essential enabler of global connectivity and serves as a key
engine of economic growth of development. Aviation cargo brings in effrciency in movement
of material bringing new market closer. Aviation cargo traffic in our country is expected to
grow in upcoming years.
The research aims at understanding the problems of aviation cargo operations there are
different stages of the process of import and export of the cargo some of the major process

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freight transportation. These study gives and overview about problems and challenges in
aviation cargo operations. the problems like procedural bottlenecks of customs clebrance,
congestion at airport cargo terminal, reducing dwell time, insufficient use of belly cargo
capacity, forecasting airline cargo capacity and space allocation challenges of handling
hazardous cargo and dangerous cargo etc.

Indian aviation cargo industry is a complex and competitive industry with many stakeholders
and is ably navigating the ever-changing and increasingly complex aviation freight and cargo

environment while implementing new initiatives for its seamless growth, to keep it at par
with international standards.
2l Objectives of the Study

l. To sfudy the basic concept of aviation cargo industry and its operations.

2. To study the importance of aviation cargo logistics in the transportation of time-

temperature sensitive perishable goods and study the basic concepts related with
them.

3. To study the role and contribution of aviation cargo industry in Indian

economy.

4. To study Indian airports outline and freight traffrc analysis on major airports in
India.

3l Research Problem
The aviation logistics industry in the country today is resist with many serious issues like
inordinate dwell times, missing and non-traceable cargo, damaged cargo, proeessing times
and queues at the cargo terminal etc. aviation cargo infrastructure in India is frequently
designed for medium and long term requirements and woefully inadequate and overloaded.
And hence is widely acknowledged that existing process at the airports for cargo act as a
( stumbling block for growth of industry.
Aviation cargo logistics industry suffering from various challenges is as follows
' l. Lack of airport and airline capacity especially during peak hours.
2. Lack of connectivity to rural as well as small town.
3. Cost and government taxation policies.
4. Ineffrciency of process leading to high dwell times.

4l Review of Literature
According to (Vasantha,2019) that results of employees perception towards the challenges in

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aviation cargo shows "lack of skilled manpower are identified as major challenges in aviation
cargo operations" the main challenges in customs clearance and documentation is shortage
of
proper offers at right time.it is observed that the cargo packaging and handling
are affected
the operations and services in that carelessness of manpower leads damages because of
improper and unskilled manpower affects the operations and services the handling of cargo
which leads to damage. Also major problem found that major problem in truck lay is airlines
are not giving carting order to the trucks at the right time is the main challenges face by
respondent.

According to (Quang, 2017) Ar cargo transport and air cargo services are two major factors
that teate the value of logistics in the air transport sector. It not only contributes directly to
national income, but also contributes indirectly through the promotion of other sectors of the
economy, especially the international trade of nations. To see the direct contribution, it is
necessaryto measure their value in GDP. To accomplish this objective, this study will brief
the theoretical basis, build measurement methods, collect and analyzed data from 2011 to
20l6.The results ofthe study will help the Vietnamese aviation industry to see the value of its
'contribution, the development trend and the development
of appropriate policies.

According to (Ministry of Civil Avaition Government of India.Air Cargo Logistics In india.,

2012) An cargo logistics play avitalrole in the economic development of nation. Airlines,
air cargo terminal operators, ground handling services providers,integrated express service
providers, forwarders, domestic cargo transport service providers and custom house agent are
the key players in the entire air cargo supply chain. Thus the an cargo industry presents a
wide variety of service providers coming together to move goods both domestically and
( internationally with a single minded purpose of faster and efficient delivery.
These business entities in air cargo logistics industry in turn interact with a number of cross-
border regulatory agenciesthe principal among them is the customs establishment. Speedier
services in the air cargo supply chain facilities larger number of business entities to become
more competitive. Globally, more than one-third of the value of goods haded internationally
is transported by air and therefore air cargo industry is considered as a barometer of global
economic health.

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.;i5i-%

i( 'r, a'iifyo )*
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5l Indian Aviation Industry and Its Overview

GDP Growth Rate.

9.00%

8.00%

7.00%

6.00%

5.00%

4.00% I GDP Growth Rate.

3.00%

2.00%

7.00%

0.00%
FY275 FY2016 FY2077 FY2O78 FY2O19 F FY2O2O F

Graph 1: GDP Growth Rate (Source: World Bank Report)

Interpretation:
Domestic Macro-Economic Overview:
Economic growth is gaining strength in 2018 and even in 2}l9lndia is likely to be the
fastest-growing major economy in the world, as per World Bank. Union budget of 20lg-19
continued the agenda of fiscal prudence with emphasis on reducing central government's
debt to GDP ratio. Union Budget also focused on rural economy through targeted
investments.
The short-term cost of temporary disruptions such as demonetisation and the Goods and
Service Tax was seen in 2017 when India's GDP growth rate declined from 7.1% 11 2016
to
6.7% n 2077. But, the effect is fading as per the latest report by World Bank, where they
( have'maintained the expected growth projections 7.5%o for 2019.

The strong and sustained outlook is on the back of robust private consumption and
strengthening investments. The World Bank said that India's growth potential is of 7% in
the
medium-term and is cunently growing above it. This can be attributed to the major economic
reforms and fiscal measures taken by the government. In the World Banks' Doing Business
Report (2018), India jumped from 130 to 100 ranks. India is among the top five reformers
and has been able to improve its score in six out of 10 criteria used by World Bank to
measure ease of doing business. This is a positive sign for investors

While the fundamentals are strong for India, but certain downside risk remain. As
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Bank, the downside risks include internal possibility of fiscal slippages,

delays in reforms to
resolve financial vulnerabilities and improve the health of regional banking
systems as well
as external factors such as faster-than expected tightening in global financial
conditions and
fear of global trade war. However, at the same time, stronger than expected global growth
can lead to increased domestic growth for India.

6l Top Countries for International Air F,reight Traflic

r UAE
I Qatar
rUK
r Hong-kong

il France

S Germany

Malaysia

Saudi Arbia

+ Singapore

Thailand
t Others

Graph 2: Top countries for rnternational Air Freight rraffic

Interpretation:

ls
. supposed to grow at a CAGR of 8Yo and 8.5Yo respectively with an overall growth
of
8.2%.
(
cargo will be 3.6 million MT and 2.1 million MT respectively resulting in total air
cargo traffic of 6.8 million MT.

develop air cargo transhipment hub in India at all mqjor airports hy 2e25.

international air fieight traffic as following:

A. Air service agreement and promoting co-operation with international airports

ity infrastructure
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C. Technology and innovation.

7l Freight Traffic Analysis

Domestic (000 tonnes)

tr International (000 tonnes)

Graph 3: International and Domestic F,reight Traflic

Interpretation:

was at 2.00 MT

' 7.27% between FY16 and FY23.in addition, international freight is expected to grow
at a CAGR of 7 '50%o and domestic fieight traffic is expected to grow at a CAGR
7.13% between FYl6 and Fy23.
(
compared to domestic market due to EXIM policy and Preferential anil Free Trade
Agreements which is part of regulatory policies and strategy in support of air cargo
growth.

facilitate trade it also helps to do ease of doing business and promote export from
India to international market.

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Conclusion
Speed of the delivery is a crucial to efficient logistics. Regulatory proceises and the
regulatory environment play a significant role in the movement of cargo by air and express
delivery industry regulatory obligations are required to be fulfilled within a very short
delivery timeframe. A simple, transparent and efficient regulatory environment without
compromising on regulatory requirements is necessary for enabling faster movement of
cargo/EDS by atr.

Significant amount of investment made in creating infiastructure would become futile if the
regulatory framework does not assist in the full realization of the potential of this
infrastructure. As the regulatory environment impacting the air cargo industry spans over
various department/IVlinistries, every wing of the government has to work in a concerted
manner to ensure that the overall objective of economic development is advanced without
barriers.
Customs administration have taken a number of initiatives toward trade facilitation and there
is no denial of that; but what is important is that, today India is poised to become the
economic power house of the world being one of the fastest growing economics and therefore
needs of such a fast growing economy are different and this requires deeper analysis of
problems on hand and a faster durable solution.

References.
1. Aniruddha Chatterjee, Devakar Dhingra. (2019). Efficient Cold Chain Transport
using Phase Change Materials. Researchgate, 13.
2. manish chheda- Enabling Continued Growth of Air Cargo. (2018). Enabling
Continued Growth of Air Cargo. ministry of civil avaition. mumbai: Actus

( Advisor.
3. Ministry of Civil Avaition Government of India.Air Cargo Logistics In india.
(2012). working Group Report. public report, Ministry of civil Avaitaion., New
delhi.
4. National Air Cargo Policy Outline. (2019). National Air Cargo Policy Outline.
new delhi.: Government oflndia Ministry of Civil Avaition.
5. s.vasantha.analyze the challesges and problems in air cargo operations, c. n.
' (2019). analyze the challesges and probmlems in air cargo operations,chennai,tamil
nadu

National fournal of Research in Marketing Finance & HRM Page 69

 Volume:6 No.l March2027 ISSN:2455-5398

6. https://www.aircargonews.net/login/?redirect to:/air-cargo-news-archive/
7. www.Airport Authority of India. (n.d.).
8. www.Ministry of Civil Avaition. (n.d.). Retrieved from
https ://www. civilaviatio n. gov.n/ en/aboutus/orgsetup

,(-

National fournal of Research in Marketing Finance & HRM Page70

 VOIUME:4 No.2 October 2019 ISSN :2455-5398

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 National Journal of Research in Marketing, Finance & HRM

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 Dear Readers,

Greetings from Team of 'National Journal of Research in Marketing, Finance and

HRM''!!!
It is our pleasure and proud to publish the Octob er 2079 issue of
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The first and utmost aim of the National Research Journal is to present a scholastic
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National Journal of Research in Marketing, Finance and HRM
 National Journal of Research in Marketing,
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Advisory Board
. Dr. E. B. Khedkar Dr. Prafulla Pawar
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 National Journal of Research in Marketing,
Finance & HRM
Volume:4 No.2 October 2019 ISSN:2455-5398

INDEX

Title & Author Name

N EMPIRICAL STUDY OF EMERGING BENEFITS IN MOB
ALLET APP WITH REFERENCE TO CUSTOMERS' PERCEPTION

STUDY ON IMPACT OF SOCIAL NETWORKING SITES USAGE BY

('
Archana Borde, Mr. Vinay Khadke
STUDY ON PROS AND CONS OF GST ON SMALL SCALE

lind Karkare, Amit Jana, AnuragThakare

EN HRM: NEW TREND IN HR
NishaWagh

STUDY & IMPLEMENTATION OF 55 IN A MEDIUM SCALE

RGANIZATION: A CASE STUDY

CIAL INCLUSION IN INDIA _ IT'S TIME TO DIGITALLY

.N.P.Awari, Dr. P.B.Suryawanshi

IMPACT OF CUSTOMER PERCEPTION AND FACTOR
( LUENCING ON PURCHASE OF GREEN MARKETING PRODUCTS
D IN AHMEDNAGAR DISTRICT
. Sudam Balasaheb Shinde, Dr. Preeti Mahesh Kulkarni
 Volume:4 No.2 October 2019 ISSN:2455-5398

AN EMPIRICAL STUDY OF EMERGING BENEFITS IN MOBILE

WALLET APP WITH REFERENCE TO CUSTOMERS'PERCEPTION

Prajakta Pandurang Khufwad

khufwad praj akta (E grnai l. c om

Dr. Rohan P. Dahivate

(Associate Professor), roliandahivale@smail.corn
Rajgad Institute of Management Research & Development, pune 43

Abstract
In present world mobile play an important

of people. The research subject is important in

the context of analyzing the relationship between different mobile applications and
user
engagement. Relationship between these two terms will be identified in terms
of the
responses provided by respondents. The data was collected from 100 respondents
through a
pre-tested and a well structured questionnaire. Besides that, perceptioni
of them towards
mobile apps are also presented in orderto understand the importance and selection
of mobile
apps in the canvas of the mind of people while using apps.

Keyworrls: mobile wallet, digitat , e-commerce

Introduction

A mobile wallet is a way to camy your cards information in a digital form on your mobile
device. It is a form of e-commerce model that is designed to be used with mobile
devices due
to their convenience and easy access. There is need to provide information about usage
pattern of mobile apps and their benefits. Research should be carried out
to know the
customer awareness and perception on adoption of digital mode of payment. All should
know
customer preferences towards mobile apps in order to understand the importance and
seleclion of mobile apps in the canvas of the mind of people while using apps. The research
subject is important in the context of analyzing the relationship between different mobile
applications and user engagement.
Concept of Mobile Wallet

A mobile wallei is a facility provided by various e-wallet companies that allow users to make
instant payment and various other transactions through their mobile application.

Mobile wallet provides a lot of benefit to wallet holders. There is a huge boost to the business

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Page 6

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 Volume:4 No.2 October 2019 ISSN:2455-5398

dtre to mobile wallets as it enables customers to make transactions at various merchants.

Essentially, customers store money in their digital wallet that they use for various payments.
The bank accounts of individual users are linked with their digital wallet. Digital wallets
are
not used only for online purchases but also for authentication ofuser.

Types of Payment Modes:

There are many modes of transacting through mobile wallets. Few of them are:

1) Mobile Nuurber Payment: Sendet enters receivers" phone number who is with the
same mobile wallet service provider and adds the amount to transact. (e.g., VIps
wallets, Mobikwik, Free charge, Airtel money etc.)
2) QR payment: Sender scans the receiver"s unique QR code which was generated by
the service provider to make the payment. This is mostly used in stores.
3) NFC Payments: This works when two NFC chip enabled devices are placed next to
each other exchange data.(e.g. Google Tez,IJltracash etc.)

4) UPI Payments: This works with service providers registered with National payments
Corporations of India. Users can transact by entering VPA (Virtual payment
Address). This service is mostly provided by banks and a few wallets.
Types of Wallets
Telecom Backed Wallets: Telecom Service Providers have their own mobile wallet. An
initial service offered was mobile recharges. These providers are getting the payments bank
license from the RBI. Airtel was the first mover in the market.
Wallets by banks: Major Banks are developing mobile wallets for their customers to have a
direct interaction between buyer, seller and banks.
Statement of Research Problem
Mobile wallets are growing in INDIA as the consumers relying upon the digital lifestyle to
(\ make things convenient and faster. Mobile wallet providers should focus on following things
to keep themselves competitive in the market and increase the customer base. Marketing
planning helps you develop products and services in your business that meet the needs of
your target market. Good marketing plan helps your customers understand why your product
or service is beffer than others in the competition.

Objectives of the Study

l) To evaluate the benefits and merits of mobile payment system.

PageT
 Volume:4 No.2 October 2019 ISSN:2455-5398

2) To find out the awareness and perception ofthe users towards digital wallets.
3) To recognize the leading factors needed to identifu and, analyze the relationship between
different mobile applications and user engagement.
4) To assess the importance and selection of mobile apps in the mind of people while using
mobile apps.

Research Design
SN Parameter Description
I Type ofresearch Descriptive & Exploratory Research
2 Research Instrument Structured Questionnaire
J Suwey period July to September 2019

4 Type ofproduct Mobile Wallet

5 Primary sources Structured questionnaire, observation
6 Secondary sources Book, Journal, Articles, Magazines

7 Data interpretation Though Graphs

Data Analysis and Interpretation

Demo ic Profile of ts
Gender
I Male 54%
2 Female 46%
Age
I Below 20 88%
2 20-40 7%
a
J Above 40 5%
Qualification
I Below graduate 23%
2 Graduate 44%
a
J Above Graduate 33%
4

( Occlpation
I Student t7%
2 Employee 55%
a
J Business r7%
4 Housewife rl%
5 Retired 00%

National fournal of Research in Marketing Finance & HRM Page B

{Ssankawadi,
Pune . dJ,
 volume:4 No.Z october 2019 ISSN: 245s-5398

Q.1" Which mode of payment do you preferthe most?

1),lii :*srrnss:ir

m C€,qh

W Debiucfedit card
I!,1oblle 'r{ailet

Graph 1: Analysis of mode of payment

Interpretation: After collecting and analyzing the above information, researcher

interprets 55% responses are for Mobile Wallet.

Q.2. How often do you use mobile wallet in a rnonth?

{jti ,'pr}F[rt-r. oa]

$ Sncs in s molrth
& 2to5Ximes
hioi,. than 5 tirRei

Graph 2 Analysis of mobile wallet use in a month

Interpretation: After collecting and analyzing the above information, researcher interprets
40.4% responses are for 2 to 5 times, 34.3% responses are for more than 5 times and25.3%o

responses are for once in a month.

Q.3" You Frefer usins N,t-wallet mostly for trensaetions oi_?

)S13 "*i*s'r:r*n

Reeharge
Uljh$ htl| Fay le
i,i0ney Ffaf
nillln6 sboppi$S
S Ali ol the above

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 Volume:4 No.Z October 2019 ISSN:2455-5398

Graph 3 Analysis of transactions done using M wallet

Interpretation: From the above g':aph, researcher interpret 600lo responses are for all of the
above, 2lYo rcsponses are for money transfer, l lolo responses are for recharge and very less
response for utility bill payments and online shopping.
Graph 4 Analysis of mostly prefer mobile wallet

Q.4" Which rnobile wallet do ynu pref€r the nnost?

"l si1,$r.g

i[ Fayhlr
*ph
.W
s pqy
* \'ip }iet
13 Mob
S $@ends ff tfis cq qk
* r&?lazorl
(
(

Interpretation: From the above gaph, researcher interpret 35olo response is for Google pay,
30% response is for PhonePe, 26%o rcsponse is for Paytm and,7%o is for Vipswallet. Also 2yo
responses are for others specifuing amazonand depends on the cashback policy.
Q.5. Rate the mobile waNlet appfication that you have used.
''
$$ tesi,.*tlsBr

6S

('
\ 23.{55r
Graph 5 Rating of mobile wallet app
Interpretation: The study also looked for satisfaction rate of customer using mobile wallet.
From the above graph, researcher interpret 35%o people are highly satisfied with service
provided by mobile wallet providers whereas 0o/o that is no one is dissatisfied with the use of
mobile wallet.

Q 6).Rate the following M-wallet benefits: Access to all required payment services:
Total 100 responses:

fournal of Research in Marketing Finance & HRM Page 10

Access to all required payment services

'oj
 Volume:4 No.2 October 2019 ISSN:2455-5398

OJ

E
o
o-
o
o
zci

Graph 6 Access to all required payment seryices

Interpretation: The above table indicates 28Yo ofrespondents strongly agree that access to
all required payment services is considered as one of the benefits of mobile wallet followed
( by 44% respondents agree to it and3yo respondents disagree.
Q.7. Did you come across any obstacle white using rnobife wallet?
1$1"'e$il*r;+p

I Yes
S [,lo

Interpretation: From the above graph, researcher interpret that 63%o peopld have come
across an obstacle and 37Yo people have not while using mobile wallet. This shows that

(' maximum people are facing some problems when using mobile wallet.
\
8.S. lf ye$- whst kind of obstaoles ysu f6ee the msst?

s$ .$

llb*
ffi *sl$$atK$tsn
W HNl S{er;Ast
#$ {q$4}$*
,* Eir*m *$ itfftit$ *s 6N-

l$id$*{ $
|& e,ns Y( *$s{.s x$S#$ t{
Sgr*g
ffi {w* $'limq6{*$A

National fournal of Research in Marketing Finance & HRM Page 11

iI -"
raci!.
\o
l/_v
{3.
i'
i *' l--.:. :. . J
Y

\
\.* \ \ '!q
 Volume:4 No.2 October 2019 ISSN:2455-5398

Interpretation: From the above graph, researcher interpret 38.1% responses are for security
issues, 28.6% responses are for non acceptance at different stores, 23.8% responses are for
too much time consumption. Also some people have faced other obstacles like exceeding
daily limit of no. of transactions, mobile network issue while traveling and server problems.
Q.9. Would you prefer to continue using M wallet?
i Lai-l fe:i)$fts.et

40

lz plopr. a.e J"ry ur"ty

interested to continue using M wallet whereas 2vo are not likely interested.

Q"l0. so you think M-wallet shculd be widely avairabre in fndia?

') l'i lt,.i)illl i .,i$

Yes
F.,J0

.i." earil Fay

(
Interpretation: From the above graph, researcher interpret 79%o responses are for yes, 15%
are for can"t say and remaining 6 %o are for no. This clearly shows that maximum people
think M wallet should be widely available in India.

Findings ofthe Study

. The preferences for using mobile wallet payment services are high.
o The Availability, Convenience, Service acceptance, Security and Reward points are
the major factors which influences most of the respondents to use mobile wallets.

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 Volume:4 No.2 October 2019 ISSN:2455-5398

A large number of the respondents are satisfied with the service provided by them
whereas a few number of the respondents are highly satisfied with the service used.

Majority of the respondents have not come across any obstacle while using mobile -
wallet and major problem faced by some of the users is security issues.
a As security is a major issue, most of the respondents fear of digital-wallet provider
sharing the confidential information with other companies, misuse of information if
phone stolen, rise in the number of cyber crimes and virus being installed on the
phone.

' Securi8, necessitSr, time and services used are the factors which influence the
preferences of the respondents.

Conclusion
The study was accomplished to explore consumer perceptions and willingness to use mobile
wallets. Specifically the study explored awareness, usage, and likelihood of using smart
(,
phones for completing the monetary transactions. With the increased penetration of internet

connectivity and smart phones has led to an increase in the number of digital wallet users.

Mobile-wallet is getting more and trendier among the consumers. As per the findings of the
study, digital-wallet is getting popularity among the young lots such as students and
employees. When a user is making an online payment via digital-wallets, the respondents are

affected by various assorted factors. One

of the main obstacles is security issues, due to
which the users get anxious about his or her confidential information which may get
disclosed. Therefore the mobile-wallet providers need to understand and meet the users rust
and expectations. Mobile-wallets are growing in India as the consumers are relying upon the
digital life style to make things convenient and faster and the consumers are embracing
digital-wallet with open anns.
(
References

l) Research Methodology: C.K. Kothari (New Ag Intemational, publication) New Delhi 2nd
Edition- ISBN: 97 88122436235
2) Marketing Management: Philip Kotler (Prentice- hall of India Pfi. Ltd.) New Delhi.ll000l
ISBN 0-536-{3099-2
3) h@://www.nfcworld.coml20l6l03ll41343274lnielsen-reports-on-mobile-wallet-market

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 Volume:4 No.2 October 2019 ISSN: 2455-5398

A STUDY & IMPLEMENTATION OF 53 IN A MEDIUM SCALE

ORGANIZATION: A CASE STUDY

Swapnil Patil
swapnilpati 1048@q mail. com

Dr. Rohan P. Dahivale

(Associate Professor),
Rajgad Institute of Management Research & Development, pune 43
rohand ahivale@ gmail. com

Abstract
5's practice is one of the techniques to improved quality environment, health and safety at the
workplace. In this organization there is highly qualified staff is hired for each and every
deparhnent. But, company still struggling to achieve a curtain bench mark; this is set by
management. Normally, this improvement has been achieved through implementation of best
practices, which are chosen to meet a particular objective. With increasing of the competition
in the business market, two major challenges are in front of our organizations' managers:
First, in this competitive environment, managers have to make the best decisions and choose
the best methods to achieve their objectives and not to lose very finite opporfunities. Second,
lack of knowledge is one of the most important problems of managers about familiarity with
an appropriate method to improve the performance of organization, successfully. 5S practice
is one of the techniques to improve quality environment, health and safety at the workplace.
Evaluation of 5S practice can be done through implementation of 5S audit at each division in
the company
Keyvvords:5S, sort, set in order, shine. standardize. sustain.

1l Introduction of55

55 system is a method using for set up and keeps quality of working environment in an
organization. Such organization can organize and manage companies which require less
space, human effort, time, quality and capital to make products with less faults and make a
workplace well ordered, disciplined and clean .5S is a system to decrease wasting and
optimize quality and productivity via monitoring an organized environment and use visual
evidences to obtain more firm results.

The columns of 5S are sort (Seiri), set in order (Seiton), shine (Seiso), standardize (Seiketsu),
and sustain (Shitsuke). In routine activity of every organization, daily works that support
company and neatness are fundamental to an efficient activities flow. 53 is an idea that
reshapes how you think about a workplace and provides a foundation for significant
improvement but it is not simply about cleaning up a shop floor. The initial stage in 55 is
deciding what is essential in the work environment and what is not. The second stage is put

National fournal of Research in Marketing, Finance & HRM Page 35

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.,f ..-..)..
I

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 Volume: 4 No.2 October 2019 ISSN:2455-5398

the things where they provide the best support for the functions. The third stage is inspection,
repairing and cleaning things to find and remove the root causes of damage and dirt. The
fourth stage is team working and the members must have consensus on normal and new way
of work' The fifth stage is personal discipline to follow the standards and to perform the
personal characteristics, cleanliness and neatness of the organization. Regarding the
importance of 53 implementation in today's organizations, this study aims to review previous
studies about benefits of 55 implementation and its efficiency in organizations.

2l Literature review

Mr. Amit Jadhav (2011) Mr. Amit Jadhav. Implementing 55 within a Japanese context in
sintered Pvt. Ltd. 2011 has implemented the principles of 55 in kihin fie manufacturing
company in order to organise the tools, improving the work environment and efficient
productive process. He introduced 55 methodology at kihin fie Company for addressing the
problems like messy environment, inefficiency, wastage of time and money. The sfudy
revealed that 55 implementation led to reduction in time wastage by 49% and provided more
I productive time to meet the customer demands along with good profits.

Mr. Ramkumar Gupta et. al. Q0l2) have presented experience of 55 .implementation and
closely examined the effects of its implementation. They study focused on planning and
issues from the manager's and employee's perspectives. They have discussed the short and
long term consequences of implementing the 53 program. They found that 55 concept
sfrengthens and facilitates team work, discipline, productive environment, ongoing
commitment and maintain excellent service with involvement from top to bottom level
management.

Rajesh and Qureshi (2013) have reported that in Indian economy, small scale indushies
play a significant role in employment and indushial production with 33.33% of exporr
revenue. It is important to implement the basic lean tool (5S) in small scale industries for
their development. They concluded that implementation of 55 in (SMES) bring vital
improvement of 88.8% in production system within sequential weeks.

( Khanna and Gupta Q0l2) have reported that Mayur Equipment Pvt. Ltd. Company situated
in Jaipur (India) have improved the bad condition of the company with practice of 55 in the
plant. The company image was totally changed with huge benefits and thereby helped the
company to receive the Forbes Asia top 200 under billion awards in November 2012.

3l Objectives of the Study

1) To study the basic concepts of 5s and to understand its importance.

2) To increase the Productivity using 5s implementation.
3) To reduce the Material waste in an Organization.
4) To use the best practices and continuously improve them.

National fournal of Research in Marketing Finance & HRM Page 36

 Volume:4 No.2 October 2019 ISSN:2455-5398

5) To understand the problem faced by the organization in implementation of 53.

4l Research Design
I' Primary data: Discussion with the Management level employees in Organization.
il. Secondary data: Secondary data was collected on the basis of organization file,
official records, management books, and website of the Organization.the main source
. of information was internet and the Organization brochures.
m. Type of research: exploratory research
IV. Nature of research: Qualitative research
V. Survey Period: September 2019 to Jantary 2A20
5l Data Analysis and Interpretation

Time Analysis of Implementation of 55

5.11
Time analysis or Time comparison play an important role in a company or industry to
( improve working and productivify efficiency. Time analysis nothing but comparison of
operation time means how much time take by the process, manufacturing of product,
searching of tools and materials, etc. We have implement 55 in this company, what is
effectiveness after implementation of 53 we have recorded and compared it with old record,
effectiveness of 55 before and after implementation is given below Table.
Since effectiveness reading is given out of l,for example effectiveness of material searching
is taken 1 out of I before implementation of 53 now after it is 0.5 out of 1, similarly the
effectiveness reading is given to other processes. From that comparison we conclude that
overall change is 75%o means we have increased it up to 20%o after implementation of 53.
Since it also increase productivity.
5.21 Processes effectiveness after and before implementation of 5s

I Material Searching Time I 0.5

2 Tool Arrangement I 0.5
( 3 Tool Sequence 1.5 0.3
4 Material Arrangement 1.5 0.5
5 Process Path Cleaning 1.5 0.8
6 Working Environment 0.3
7 Safety I 0.5
8 Working Efficiency 1.5 0.7
9 Overall Time 10 4.1

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 Volume:4 No.2 October 2019 ISSN:2455-5398

5.31 Before & after implementation of 55 situation

I's (sorting) raw material storage in store area
BEFORE AFTER

t
Raw material storage was near of wall & there We changed the position of raw material
is no spaces for material keeps / remove from rack, space provided from both sides ofrack.
rack. Now it is easy to remove / keep the material
Thus material handling was difficult. on rack.

2's (set in order) store's material inward area

BEFORE AFTER

In store material inward area there was no We provided specific area for inward
partition between production & inward material material in store area with yellow marking
place. & provided partition between inward
Thus production peoples through the end pieces material area & production.
in of raw material in inward material area. Also provided rack for production raw
material. Now peoples are keeping
material on production raw material rack.

National fournal of Research in Marketing Finance & HRM Page 38

E}
Purtt '43.
*,
 Volume:4 No.2 October 2019 ISSN:2455-5398

2's (set in order) tools management

BEFORE AFTER

There was no provision to keep the assembly Now for tools & tackles we provided
tools & tackles. boards with shadow & sizes.
lot of time was wasting for searching the tools & Now there is no need to searching of tools
tackles & tackles, and it is easily visible.

3's (Shine) lifting belt storage management

BEFORE AFTER

We were keeping the lifting belts in a cupboard. Now we provide stand with hooks.
Belts finding is very difficult which is required. Now it is very easy to get the proper sizes
belt & restore.

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4's (standardization) product manual storage

BEFORE AFTER

There was no rack for product manual storage. Now we provide proper rack and
Lot of time was wasting for searching numbering & project coding for each &
required manual. every manual.
Now there is no need to searching of
manuals and it is easilv visible.

4's (standardization) helmet storage management

BEFORE AFTER

There was no provision for helmet storage. Now we provided hangars for keeping the
So people were keeping anywhere on shop-floor helmet.
and machines. Now everybody keeps helmet on
provided place.

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 Volume:4 No.2 October 2019 ISSN:2455-5398

4' S (STANDARDISATIOI9 PROJECT MATERIAL MANAGEMENT

BEFORE AFTER

,ti!

J
$
k

There was no partition in trolley drawer. Now we provide proper partition in the
People were keeping material like above shown holley drawer for each different sizes
photo. Thus lots of time take to search the material with identification stickers.
required materials. Now there is no need to searching of
hardware and it is easily visible.

5'S (SUSTATN) MATNTENANCE

Old format of preventive maintenance, it is in Provided am chart in Marathi & it is easy to read
English & there was only tick mark doing on chart for all operators & they put remark in Marathi.
& it is difficult to operator for filling so they doing now we added all major & minor points in this
tibk mark only. There are some only major check sheet so covered the all points.
points.

National fournal of Research in Marketin& Finance & HRM

 Volume:4 No.2 October 2019 ISSN:2455-5398

6l Suggestions

i. The Organization should do 5's Audit on regular basis at least once in a rhonth.
ii. The Organization should try to provide proper knowledge regarding their 5'S Audit,
even to people who don't know about such Program and their benefits especially in
Ground level worker or Helper.
iii. The work area is cleaned daily but cleaning tasks and cleaning Inspection Checklist
have to implement for better result.
iv. There is a strong correlation befween proper training and successful 5's system.
Without the proper tools and training employees can feel less engaged into the
system. So, provide proper training to the all employee about 5's implementation.
v' To achieve effective benefit of 5's taken the time to time reward your staff or teams
that are outperforming others. This not means of rewarding employee for doing their
job, but rather pointing out those that go above and beyond level of standards you
layout.

7l Conclusion
The 55 is an effectiveness to manage tools and materials which can improve housekeeping,
environmental conditions and health and safety standards and increase productivity and
quality. 55 sort stage eliminates unused, unwanted material from the storage room which
reduces clutter. Set in order allocates space for components, due to this it give more space for
storing more material and tools and results in reduction in searching time. 55 reduce the
searching time and improve the production and quality of the products and employees and
or ganization become se lf discip line d.

References
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