Dogo Rangsang Research Journal

ISSN : 2347-7180 Vol-08 Issue-01 2018

Automatic Door Opening And Closing

Indradev Kumar, Rohit Pradhan, Nilamadhab Pattnaik, Bablu Kumar

Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Gandhi Institute For Technolgy College,
Bhubaneswar. (Affiliated to All India Council for Technical Education (AICTE))
Jharana Behera, Assistant Professor, Department of Electronics and Communication
Engineering, Gandhi Institute For Technology College, Bhubaneswar. (Affiliated to All India
Council for Technical Education (AICTE))

ABSTRACT
In the current pandemic situation is arising due to COVID -19, So every human has required to take
precaution like wear mass, keep distancing, sanitizing hand, don't touch anything if not necessary. But
something is like Table, door, vehicles etc. we touch so there is chance of spreading disease. So,we have
suggested idea for prevent them, the project is based on automation, in which we will making an
automatic opening and closing of door mechanism (home/college swinging door). In which the door is
open when the Ultrasonic sensor on the door cut then mechanism is operated and open the door and
after close automatically. So, there is no physical touch of human with door, hence it will help to
prevent or reduce the spreading of pandemic disease COVID-19. Our project is based on Ultrasonic
Sensor and Arduino, in which door is automatically opens and closes by detecting a person.
Key Words - COVID-19, Swinging Door, Ultrasonic Sensor, and Stepper Motor, Swinging Door,
Arduino, And Motor Driver.

Page | 36 Copyright @ 2018 Authors

 Dogo Rangsang Research Journal
ISSN : 2347-7180 Vol-08 Issue-01 2018
INTRODUCTION
In the current pandemic situation is arisen due to COVID -19, So every human has required to take
precaution like wear mass, keep distancing, sanitizing hand, don't touch anything if not which not
necessary. But something is like Table, door, vehicles etc. we touch so there is chance of spreading
disease. In college and Offices, the peoples are meet so there are chances spreading disease due to the
touching of door or any other thing on which germs are present. The project is based on automation, in
which we will making an automatic opening and closing of door mechanism (home/college door). In
which the door is open when the sensor on the door cut then mechanism is operated and open the door and
after close automatically. So, there is no physical touch of human with door, hence it will help to
prevent or reduce the spreading ofpandemic disease COVID-19.
Our project is based on Ultrasonic Sensor and Arduino, in which door is automatically opens and
closes by detecting a person. As soon as a person approaches the door (at about 2 or 3 feet), the door
automatically turned open and after some time (about 5 to 10 seconds), the door closes by turning in
the reverse direction. Such Automatic Door Opening and closing systems are very useful as you do
not need a person to standby the door and open it whenever a guest comes. Also, since the doors are
opened and closed only when a person approaches the door, there is significantly less loss of air
conditioning.
LITERATURE REVIEW

“Automatic opening control system of Garage Door Based on AT89S52 Microcontroller” by Yanlin
Tao. In this paper, an automatic opening control system of garage door is designed by using infrared
sensor recognition Technology (AT89S52 Microcontroller) and corresponding reliable security
measures. Just fixed the system in front of the windshield of your own car, automatic opening of garage
door can be achieved when the car is driving near the garage. No need to modify the original garage
control system. With low cost and high practicability. [1]
“Automatic Gate using Bluetooth technology (Open the gate with the strength of the Bluetooth
signal on the smartphone)” by Kittipat Khreasarn, Kittikorn, at present, The Door is open by the key
card or fingerprint identification of the user to order the system to open the door. The user also needs to
carry a key card. This makes it inconvenient to use. The key card may be lost or forgotten. In addition, it
is a fingerprint system, it also causes inconvenience to the user. These errors are caused by many factors.
For example, the efficiency of dirty finger. This paper introduced Bluetooth technology, which is a
device that publishes small data in a specific format using data display mode, which is commonly used to
detect and monitor devices in the building. They can provide their device information and location. For
this purpose, it is recommended to use technology that meets the following requirements. Low cost, low
power consumption. High-precision, reliable and real time Operation. Bluetooth is the primary device of
wireless communication. [2]
“Identity Verification using Computer Vision for Automatic Garage Door Opening” by Rob G. J.
Wijn hoven and Peter H. N. In this paper, they introduced Automatic identification of vehicles as part of
an intelligent access control system for a garage entrance. Using a camera in the door, cars are detected
and matched to the database of authenticated cars. Once a car is detected, License Plate Recognition
(LPR) is applied using character detection and recognition. The found license plate number is matched
with the database of authenticated plates. If the car is allowed access, the door will open automatically.
[3]
“Hardware Implementation of Fire Detection, Control and Automatic Door Unlocking
System for Automobiles” by J. Joy Mathavan, A.W. Faslan, N. U. A. Basith & W.V.S.D.
Page | 37 Copyright @ 2018 Authors
 Dogo Rangsang Research Journal
ISSN : 2347-7180 Vol-08 Issue-01 2018
Wanigasinghe., The paper introduced, The systems available for the detection and control of fire
accidents in automobiles. The system should be able to warn the driver, operates the fire
extinguisher and unlock the door automatically. During an automobile fire, if there is a system to
detect the fire and alerts the driver, then, the driver and passengers have a chance to save their life
from the fire. Also, there must be systems to operate the fire extinguishers automatically during
automobile fire incidents. [4]
“A digital automatic sliding door with a Room light control system” by Adamu Murtala Zunger
and Paul Obafemi Abraham- Attah. They introduced, the system in which, the model and design an
automatic sliding door with a room light control system to provide the mentioned needs. This was
achieved by considering some factors such as economy, availability of components and research
materials, efficiency, compatibility and portability and also durability in the design process. This
system works on the principle ofbreaking an infrared beam light, sensed by a photodiode. It consists
of two transmitting infrared diodes and two receiving photodiodes. The first one is for someone
coming in and thesecond one is for someone going out of the room. [5]

EXPERIMENTAL SETUP
Block Diagram

Fig. 3.1 Block Diagram

Fig. 3.2 Proposed 3D Model

Page | 38 Copyright @ 2018 Authors

 Dogo Rangsang Research Journal
ISSN : 2347-7180 Vol-08 Issue-01 2018
Construction
The basic design for automation is consist offollowing component.
Table-1: Component of the project

Sr. No. Component Quantity

1 Stepper Motor 1
2 Worm And 1
Worm Gear
Box
3 Lever Arm 1
4 Ultrasonic 2
Sensor
5 Driver 1
Module
6 24V, 15A 1
Power Supply
7 Arduino Uno 1

8 Coupling 1

9 Limit 2
Switches

Working
The working of the Automatic Door Opener System using Arduino and Ultrasonic Sensor is very
simple. When the Ultrasonic Sensor detects any motion of a person, its Data OUT Pin will become
HIGH. As this pin is connected to the Arduino, it will detect this HIGH Signal and understands that
there is person approaching the door Arduino then immediately activates the Motor Driver module
to rotate the lever arm which is linkagebetween motor and door, as a result of this the door gets open.
After some time (about 2 to 5 seconds in this project), the Arduino will once again activate the
Motor Drive to rotate motor in anticlockwise direction at an angle taken foropening the door to close
the door.

DETAILS OF COMPONENTS
Motor
As torque require to open the door is 9.5353
N.m which is equivalent to 10 N.m, but there is no stepper motor for a calculated. So for increase
torque as much torque we have to useworm and worm gear box.
By considering gear box wen have selected 23kg-c.m stepper motor (NEMA 23) which require 24 volt
and 15A input supply having stepped angle 1.8 degree. Stepper motor having higher accuracy than other
motor like
D.C motor.

Page | 39 Copyright @ 2018 Authors

 Dogo Rangsang Research Journal
ISSN : 2347-7180 Vol-08 Issue-01 2018

Fig. 5.1 Stepper motor (NEMA 23)

Lever Arm
Lever Arm Mechanism is act as an actuator in order to meet our objectives of work. Length of lever is
taken as the required for width of door. One end of lever is fixed to the output shaft of gear and another
end is pivoted to one side of door. Lever arm is responsible for the turning of door through less than
900as result of this door get open or close.

Fig 5.2 Lever arm

Ultra sonic sensor
Detecting human motion is done with the help of Ultrasonic Sensor. Ultrasonic Distance Sensor provides
very short (2C.M) to long- range (4M) detection and ranging. The sensor provides precise and stable
non-contact distance measurements from about 2cm to 4 meters with very high accuracy. It can be easily
interfaced to any Arduino.

Fig 5.3 Ultra sonic sensor

Page | 40 Copyright @ 2018 Authors

 Dogo Rangsang Research Journal
ISSN : 2347-7180 Vol-08 Issue-01 2018
Driver module
The motor driver module is use to drive the stepper motor. Driver module is suited for our motor is
DM860H motor driver. The DM860 is a fully digital stepper drive developed with advanced DSP
control algorithm based on the latest motion control technology. It has achieved a unique level of
system smoothness, providing optimal torque and nulls mid-range instability. Compared with
traditional analog drives, DM860 can drive a stepper motor at much lower noise, lower heating, and
smoother movement. Its unique features make DM860 an ideal choice for high requirement
applications.

Fig 5.4 Driver module

Power supply
Power supply is use for giving electric power to the motor, driver module and Arduino UNO board.
The motor required 12 V and 5 Amp. current as an input power, so that we are going to use 12V,
5A Power Supply. This power supply requires 90 to 240 Volts as an inputpower.

Fig 5.5 Power supply

Results
Door gets automatically opened whenever a person comes in the sensing range of the sensors.
Direct physical contact for opening and closing the door got eliminated. During the testing of the
model we got the following results.

Page | 41 Copyright @ 2018 Authors

 Dogo Rangsang Research Journal
ISSN : 2347-7180 Vol-08 Issue-01 2018

Table No. 6.1 Results

Time Required Time Required
Trial
for Opening for Closing the
No.
the Door Door
1 15 sec 11 sec
2 14 sec 10 sec
3 15 sec 10 sec
4 15 sec 10 sec
5 15 sec 10 sec

Arduino UNO
In this project, Arduino UNO acts as the main controlling part. It reads the data from theUltrasonic Sensor
and activates the Motor Driver based on the data from the Ultrasonic Sensor.
TESTING AND RESULTS
Testing
Testing of the model is the final stage of our work to check whether the objectives set by us are
accomplish or not. After the complete assembly of the model for ensuring the proper working of our
model we gone through two stages of testing. we move further for testing of the model this testing is in
two stages.

CONCLUSION AND FUTURESCOPE

Direct physical contact of peoples for opening and closing the door got eliminated thereby, it will
help to prevent or reduce the spreading of pandemic disease COVID-19. We have Successfully
design, manufactured, assembled and implemented our project to ensure the proper working based
on our set of objectives.
Our project can be useful for physically handicapped people to open or closing the door at public
places such as railway station waiting
model works properly.
In second stage of testing we test our model by installing it on with actual application i.e. on the door.
After the first stage of testing, by doing some modifications we done testing of our model finally on the
actual door,rooms,ailway doors,by making somemodifications in the mechanism.
REFERENCE
[1] “Automatic opening control system of Garage Door Based on AT89S52 Microcontroller” by
Yanlin Tao
[2] “Automatic Gate using Bluetooth technology (Open the gate with the strength of the Bluetooth
signal on the smartphone)”by Kittipat Khreasarn, Kittikorn,
[3] “Identity Verification using Computer Vision for Automatic Garage Door Opening” by Rob G.
J. Wijn hoven and Peter H. N.
Page | 42 Copyright @ 2018 Authors
 Dogo Rangsang Research Journal
ISSN : 2347-7180 Vol-08 Issue-01 2018
[4] “Hardware Implementation of Fire Detection, Control and Automatic Door Unlocking System
for Automobiles” by J. Joy Mathavan, A.W. Faslan, N. U. A. Basith & W.V.S.D. Wanigasinghe
[5] “A digital automatic sliding door with a Room light control system” by Adamu Murtala Zunger
and Paul Obafemi Abraham- Attah.

Page | 43 Copyright @ 2018 Authors