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Atoms and Molecules

The document discusses the laws of chemical combination, including the Law of Constant Proportions and the Law of Multiple Proportions, emphasizing the fixed ratios in which elements combine to form compounds. It also covers Dalton's Atomic Theory and Avogadro's Law, highlighting the significance of atomic mass and volume in chemical reactions. Various examples and illustrations are provided to demonstrate these principles in practice.

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Jayaseeli Chandrakumar
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42 views27 pages

Atoms and Molecules

The document discusses the laws of chemical combination, including the Law of Constant Proportions and the Law of Multiple Proportions, emphasizing the fixed ratios in which elements combine to form compounds. It also covers Dalton's Atomic Theory and Avogadro's Law, highlighting the significance of atomic mass and volume in chemical reactions. Various examples and illustrations are provided to demonstrate these principles in practice.

Uploaded by

Jayaseeli Chandrakumar
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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LAWS OF CHEMICAL COMBINATION AO ; ‘Doe ofthe moet important specs ofthe subject of chemistry isthe atady of chemical reachons. These chemical reactions ake Pesgusst Fete ete rece be gate ons re TS enc ay Lever (© Lay stem oe ech hey ab le he a ipatts (2) Lavon oles (er lamac Lav of Guerra) re ee eit Darel ae lies ehch kde tre ofanos ng nema witctmnie | Ted Soewes aa a ree esgic ien ens oitcy e uta et 8, oe cauetaps whens be toda be eons of ace (ee a Fa aa faeradapesntne Wwe laen epee aS aber Bs ses Ua re ht nls ig rea geen ea eden eon ee eee | ke a ee ema (ee gears a y rosction betwen A and Rtn form Cand D. then. Four observation. On the basis of your observation draw a conclusion. A+B—30+D {8) Law of Constant (Definite) Proportions: | Maus of AB) = Mass f(D) {ex clans can inet wit ter cheno fr compen Kyane or edl, bu or mxof ect mas of rod er. Comes war ca be dpi a ma Sadi Parenie ite cope deny anal coe ee ance isl eh of i opin Boy ts Th aemepe apne ee pe } eb epee tia ir cat owners pain cheap eae ta na ne ene {0 upc oe i wan in wana fs ied 2 rectacvsie dat det cnpstion ep sondern toil thee al) nto wri ee wee wha be aon fr 290 yar he ; ar the gre Bee post ann tre pope ats Rnlamen fers an ks npn weighed i unt her 0 ngewe hough pyc ching ac pce een ompousd eae ine inet an ihe creping empaun oda, Howere The fs isin wea the same compotion and popes ep pu compound aan te it Tdi narean a engrsam cbs wih ose Fo 0 fom ne enton al ori guide of, Bo chi sat wn ane een sed Sea epee scm on asoapnedy eroenthin smenth neten! Ween canes gage ees Se cn ME Pt we ti aco a ts ceed tet of erect ngs ew fd aisha iil ils Wir repl ataranede ee © ated oy ofo lloweg hen cio. aesenean, Te morass fthe lil is oe the ambenain of oxen wi ages frm magni "ying eon non ao ee can ane aprinantiaclsed cosines we 6 tow the as ofte magesimesite We Cis 0, @) 005) ree yh con of he ase of eae an cng tht craton Slr ates a mae it IR) by bang la bone ‘eel eats. 2NCO46)—* NCOs COAG) TH,04) Dyeing kien cont nfo i Sclng as ce o deceen he atom th) CACO) —* 5.04) CO, Dig You 6 chemi or pal hg Ip rctig ac none vith ipo id i = CC 6) +2} —+ Cg) +0036) $11,009 ie rae ‘he tev tae he a of conservation of Mase of 10, taken 490 Total soft routs KCL +03) 2064+ 192" 488g inc wee tems fhe encanta tet mas ofthe pots -ome “ssl tee maybe deo expen roe “Ths aw cmertion of ast ode pod win experinental eos When seme omen conn te sane pro ee ine the ome proportion 1 Thm nec hal ame smal nile mann, We fe get eras foows oss 2 ‘ams 1 hes rer spp the af ise prope (i) The Law of Reeiprecal Proportions or Law of Equivalent Proportions Tia was en by “chris 192-9. The wae ht the rao fe ac fb cleat A and B which combi spr with nd ss fhe id element Ci ether he ame ose tingle lip ofthe rao he maserin wichAwnd 8 cmbioe dy with ch dee, Example: C +0,—900,, C+ 2H —s¢H, 2d n |Ccomins wi Ot form CO, snl with Ho frm CH In CO, 12mm of Cras it 32 0, whereas a Hy 2 gmof Crt win of. Thartore when O combines wi Hey shu conte nthe of 32 4G. 8) crinsnple map fit Thesune rao fund oe en HO molec. the noo weight of Hand in O 81:8 c " : oe fuwustrarion : 4 ‘Ain contains 2.8% of nlrogen and 1748% of hydrogen. Water consis 890% of oygen and 110% st tytregen. None tone contains 2.5% of enyzen nad 465% of atrgen So ‘strate the lo ecpreca proprtions. DALTON’S ATOMIC THEORY. Te describ the trace of water wich ould cpais he exprnesl ats Lnown aa me tbo ly Campos sn mint an ab the laws of chr emanation, Jn als IBD put ras oy areas Daas eo. THe ma os fh ery ara lowe 1nH,0, 1110 oft combine wih © = 8890 1 pofttcanbine wih O= FrTpE"8OlE " Nor Ratio of mses of Nad O whic combine with ed mas (-Ie)ofH=4.67:OL=1: 1.72 23685:6.15= 1.72 101 of mse oF apd O wich combine with cache Since won rh me Hence, tilts he aw fei poprons. {ii) The Low of Gaseous Volume : es . ‘This lw wae ven by "Gay La” in 1808, The ste hat whenever gases reat ope the volumes of be esting gas well he pods i ty regs, bea Simple we munbe to, vide al he oles re mes er slr neds of epee & presse Brame: Thi) + Cig) —+ 2c) Lenitvol Centvat, Datel io = 1:22 28 o| |oo © Peaee ee Vee BSdq oF oo |+\a% swale bettie eee e coco a9 se e° 0°| |eSees Re ate * ce resid Tar pg ae es a ‘Sin, we ober ha 2 volumes of yéogen caine with 1 volume foxy fo ive 2 volume f wae vapours oe] [e.2.°] [eee ae eet” cele aR leet ee ello %?| See a ecko ?| ee ivesee a oa “Ts the volume dope and oxygen wich coin form wat sin the rao 2:1:2 — mow 2H) Ot + Ox () Each dem iscomposedo crete cll stoma 10) Alas glen deme a eal be ao Slot clones a ile! md deren prope cag “tire mene (i) Acne eter creado ered in hemicl eons. In) Compass ar ont wen soo aretha oa cl aie given compound days he ae ete tunbersnd a eon ‘Wien tr combie with. oe snot 2: aon {) lars oo lees ny caine in ifr rai to form mae ha on compound For eal, ‘wal xen frm pr donde dupont conning ls ey i) Anatom sth smalls Parle tk prt n ache casio coxtinz- ons tithe provide asinpe expansion thes of her oiatn and wah rt made tape ese tbe haviour mate in tems of tras. Freel, th pstite of Don's omic tny at sors oe be cee or douoyed” ma rt ofthe av of coco of ass. A the posts of Datos eas bor tht "helene cont of os hing fixed ms, dt he uber kad ose spo compra + Sd” came fos the law of cna proportions. Dan asd hi thy fo de the lw of pe poprions ‘of RespealPopatie.As slams rein Wt ech aie in le ra, three lhe on noe ee whic mr be ame or ame snp wl each oer ks of Dalton’s Atomic Theory: ofthe davon of th als ate hoary of ate piven below Acorng alow’ onic they wee hough ob dvb Bs know th vd coma, ‘fom cae fe dvide isl ama pre cal leon protest oto i) Dato’ other sid thal he tt of an net ane x oft ame eset can a lig ferent use ) Dat’ oni ry sid tht os of dlr element have df mares, Bu itis now naw tht een toms of Form coon hey os in sinpl wl sumber toca 11,21 sup combine Zend rept Hcouldexpsin thaws cher combintio by mbt fo xpi ee af cous volume. ) Why dosoms tthe tamer dite clans comin al farm mel? ‘Wnts tear of bing foc en sms moles which cen fr theses of ter nese eles nd gases? I) Wimaks 0 dntion Between he ulimatepari neem or # compound. AVOGADRO LAW. ol voles fal pes under simi canon of tert and remus cnin eg nb of 48) + O44) 218,08) ato of umber of moi =2 1:2 ications of Avogadea’s Law This ev bpd wo remave anor Beece Aston bern noms od makes {urvealsthat common lencray gs ke yop, nigogen expen ct as. prove eho 0 dtcmin h oleclr wep ops dens Dali's stom try an Gy Lusi’ iw of volume by makings lar me Bern propos tthe symbols of cles be de fom neo vo let fhe mane ft element Now a, i ait ia a i gta oy 5 sip booeco vapour density and moleulr weight of ubtances * eke, May ofthe symbols ate he ts &.. 3 fn sere snes einige om oD pen oat ESSE See maven Newco trent or mt nhs Seu Sn Re > gee st net at ae ee soe = Winey nahh men pn pn Fe ieee eae ore wc er dy of oias Sumo pt ian od epna 6 me gna 0 e197 24-4 ti ma He it = maura ome None aes ae ee sr01 a eas eee NM ar | en ac Te remanent sara eo Sa att scoot ee pce irene mn | Mame oe eee ach irnc nme my Stn Ser Gr an en = ase ot Pee areca reesrmpaa & or ecology fa mde ple tate photmgraph oft Te semnng tang | Nomed er Score a You, £ 2 | The cme whith sh the indo eri ae Er Fe th emet whiel he eSTt probe ca eed more nal ams” | Eni (se Alb Een me Manel (i) aor Dt Mendlor Dall eth fing sent te th smo erst elements ina Vr specie sae ‘ible: Symbol far ame ements ee ane mentee prtee me of th ars) Cn (Ce) Pe nt Mae Ci mater fem Smolin inl own fl nh me tne fered ne (ae = Fert cm era sey as Aten ne iy Rr Sa yl [Het [Spm oat ee ent pe Ns oo anal eeete A F——Jooes lo ira ies ne ae ene Soe Ga coe ana My [fare (a cere tne Sons Dict sow he : ee [te on we tg rr cme aed es = feee Vydone come ove hig [tos cot ee les @— O- O- — Beat eg a iam Nel aa ba eae eas arse weeks ee eee eae aaa ice at ie ia oe ose ae aes Cane vine pemanper nine OQ \ be deducted for wrong answer. Lets see which growp wins? re eae a wate Aromie Mass ara eet sonic ts hag hota fleet he sae Rais okt amb of on, na i teat sneman et cont to orc cor os elec N Stam ispaqyne ate comng nl roo wap poses and H see. The an augers cpa Ths to etal The nts fs aa ee eat pne cha) ceed on's ocr The al bs foun, ei te espe spe som be ac amit 29 daar of The SESE wa at sty he ne, tweve TBE oS ht hn Teta ts naar he 36 cuss] Ans ving he ie camber fe tuner nc news bop Cash Specie tops we wien in fm ows he ete nto In opi eta he ms sate we ar tbe eh of elec Tx src nber weno bp alo cet. Te ndenion ofthe oa Ray ncareniace however se he noni mn detrines th tty ofthe element and ie er Th ‘ots natin fr thee Hooper of omper writen lO “ox clones that or present naar exist at misao topes Ihe com number, | seer dtguhes ne cement ro aot. Any atm wih tom Mambo of see sof other conden, an atom of cpr Ifthe omic mater 2, ae eman melt 3, the element ne Mas uber (nanbe of ele), . 9 pots nd 36 eon) (eo aoa au ese) We -Toeconention fr verb ung pci stesso gv te elemet allowed by he us mun For nape Se inetd cope 49” and °C called “copper aaa cipaan sondern wil fe bow the mar of ne cme! compares tat, The asf te cles it ae aa npr eases of pone and sens sot cde ithe mss fw pe, Ts te cam tan rape cone bu rere sure is mass. 8 poise nt ony Hens ts a ar tai, brut th rt nd neon do vo ave cua the sae mas Amor: precio mei of (ths foe tpe lave ahr ao oe ota eee tre Daten ged tay coning he weight fing tena th compare we neo het eens canbe lose. Acorig hyo ada "Wait ne som f element ‘Weight of one atm oFbyogs Liner in compar oops tor he steep of ti Weight oxygen (16) tm was cones stn ‘abcess oye for he able campound in comparison hoe ‘Weigh foe som feet Aone weigh of dement gy f/1 pan foe Aa Soe chia 3pm) ‘oi weight of event = thse aes wer don oxge-6, ut ial he tps of eee 0", 01,01) ance en he Sa “Wed areappesinmes ot be 1604, Te ovrome thiol in 196, Web pat of C12 wa conser Tole ma un bmn te eran eve Thus mrtg i Nas ofan sto nent - ‘oe wee of ate = Pe Tamu ore 15608610 Mas ofan te of 12 "i thet a tins ne in ty man itt tty iit soc nae chem bean ns perl pe tevn ica fea seen escaly rept Average sole mass = stp mas + Praconal sundance) Eo Ge Wy atomic mass are he average ates? st ofthe sents exit indi = in iret iostopes eau with iret mate, eI Ba 9 Hts wi ‘inte 357 engin he a3 Macey wenge heen ee wi ram Atomic Mass or Gram Atomic Weight 7 memos oe vie ep pa ow aro me on ef ccbon( C12) 0g he aro gam of ny cane! aes weg en. Masso he ementin grams ‘Nowiese nero mle ma fay met on eae mane of of at dene atte arb ssn cy 12 feb i Th rambr ger aaa (nest arom = 1200 cron = Mas of caton ws, ec 02210 rns ‘Ope gamatoes~ Atmicmaesn gram =6.022 107 ts No.of gators ina given quay of ehment abe clue yt forme ie Be ‘Grn wom nas ‘No ofatoms in given mass = No, of gam atm 6022109 Naot patons = Tn avcrat drmination, atomic mas bas Bon fund be ction ta hein common pat, nary whe nab Sen we a=355, oi oe ic mastic mn of esa of te mato °C For expe recs menses show ht the mas bis 08342 snes he masa NC which en ita an cop ma Posh tom tema topic ass 10015 a Frm sm clsos we a ame ase onan SEE moka tate ina tt Pr cca uomie manera he lave mais of son coed wih an so of C-12 Hope ake 812. | MOLECULE “and ich cn iden ate erme s molec, Moles a a amy nn cotn ro If te ype of atoms ate preset amoral then iis ese, 0, (Oxygen, Ch (Chie oles) ° ° sy scald gy pm ° ° Neos afniogen emai, 0 (ons ofthese dees rset nay ete the tome a btrstoniewolecl, 1,0, (Hy doge pei) os oes ‘ans VE ‘Moen of wae H,0) ‘oo of iret ype of ems) (Foxman ofterroataie oes) ‘Molecular Mass or Molecular Weight “oul eae (Clement compan {i the mms an tom of arb 2 tne ai ee cacledty ong be onic weigh ol be rue sos preset ina alee, et xh sie eit of notre hydrogen H,)~2* atomic weight of iyogen=2>*1= 2am a tema rtines the esl of he btn nv ih NLUSTRATION + 5 ‘Calelate he maleslar mass cove (C80) molecule sovrriox Molecular ms of gas (f.00) eeGCr2O11 am) (L008 amu) +6 (160 a) Ces 12.036 anu +9600 a= 180162 a San @& Think out of the Box ILLUSTRATION : 6 Caleta the soeelar mans ofthe alling compounds: ope supa cya, CuSO, $H0 0) camaneae Cults, sourrioN om live nlc ms of Cu50,SH0~615+2+(16%4) +524 10 = 1595 1902093 2 inne mora of C0 = 12524 1x22 16m 1144 +224 1767 (Gram Molecular Mass eer naa steabeanct wx epee in ga iskann ss grm-maleeser mau or apy erum-nes() Fae cxpeml py aa Thus one mole oe of water weigh 18 (moll went Seni SO j —ecrtng dion nt woke i th emount of bts hat concn may parce is So fp fen com net ang oC | sr pry sere ons 7 _ Jmol we brs pce fcpper mca Weal ele changr mbsf lon cmb at, ‘Gato copper snes pice ofl? ‘eifetch mew cane te mnber of ects on Ice uch wit hn elec Sn he unbo f oton eee he ety of te fn i te ange ose ar ome wl cong ley he moving he aril ose ot protons. er parle forme hn cose adie frm neil nm vl ont Haars Tec rd asa cy enon oe oreo BY enexag mt ceon ens ae eh coi loos od rotons Ne nis rode hat bs Olt sa pros 10 ae care pads oy nog mor lets. saga lninen tn eae 9.20 pose eo rechten ni en ea stv rp A” on at haces 9 pon fret charg of 3. | tas ons tone npavely cage ions lesions. Aneta lie aon fr eum a ey idee me ten iso noe ata cect nd 7 re Teruel shire of! Mast etc in gas Nome of mes = ola weigh __CONNECTING TOPIC Size of tons Pepe 2 ead me peat, ite ae eee ‘ico emey king wey not on Tsbec atcha s estan se SCRA eT sete eet senate ‘Mua relationship Beeson he varios ions forme A would be faa eee a ime tl check nowiedge se Aang the ftowing ios a. correst order of ders nie Neer, ‘Theconeet resin ode of ine i Nhosvscronet>alt sons charg? andl my ang or mheang cles acre sacs comport mre Thera oe payaso atx pl aly Ths ate" an 10". Tee ate many ore poten aos ote case none Tyaiogen carbonate ester) [OFT feo; a0, & ta as fcr wr com jr nei poi on ew ment If Youg Foe tpl propre of th tm Sid metal which cos of Ne, eee ca ae fle hen comes Comat with wate. But poste charged ca a eave wh we tat he are esl ner. Newel hei atoms tend emote, whic are react ha nr communis ar een ERT Spell pv ea Hone rie os at rect i on ie [eo apace ‘ime ‘ueck ie Koowledge (ov tates any erence betneen property of tm ado 7 Exp with expe Soumio “Ty ofelaenio red whe changes into i merrier i A etait eve tr valet ons inet nr beans of bh mes as # ose - ae era Perea Sees a seer Joma Tom 1 S@os00o Bl cate | een Se (aso, | Mat a por pln resent on formation of fro ora atom open soul lary iene JrSsoy 5 ae roe et donot sap ed obo yoor emia nth sm a a a ; &* ei) [2 x Fa, : neal jsn¥ “so | ( quam soma Z ‘Soee mor empleo ve mie vag wie 1 cmpuin of amie copa cnet acai The win ache ra, | FORMER Spain ania — [tem Fae Ee ee creeceamnd Yaeninesabcrpc wate cersfaoninco, | [Rowman |» : ii i nea, npn veal conn cos crea som WO OND | Pod sé Pci, ae on psi ror to ge empl ire conpis Carbo ids, CO eas 7 eS f ao ie cop Cato yp co ab ie form cation onl, 0, Yay faomogie ae oe | a aoa ict nyposre me to RB 3h SX F | See eee cet air ofnintncomromd est Hne wih odie | kone Ace molemlesofcxbon case, we woud we 3 CO, | [Frecmime = — j tree note of en acim ap) Tekan akon Cah net) arate | ae A? 0, { oo a coninirtmmont tlre’ Ser remanent fasts, | 12%s0, Coa ee tn ml eo CL ice aa ot | a pan? Trey eee at cn yo Fae ee Se Fea, tes ee sn ual cnr cic aoe sa mei be rer | 0 i if ei se Ce oki oe Annem teh teeta [So —— : eo pean pagina oe etn Tn Bet ay a 09, ‘poset Cuon, moe: nae Ce ip yu tguetenermtfemnn in Mormons imme | [ERamiioniae | i ne ue tepmnad yc?) wee be ae ne ashy 0 i a, | Oe Cates) hw nny nam answers mn!) ae aaa i ncn anon ie enon ode — : | ene a Ces" tesonte ae a aa a HOW To WRITE CHEMICAL FORMULA OF A COMPOUND? (ass on i ‘peter ofc comand (ny AB ter pny nin pte aay A dace rk onion N, m0, | Tee ie yt pnt ceo A mitch ol ee sec Smo, att afteoeyendcm tenn Se a — an veneer a iby ie Poste stole wen Lads My ro, A, yt et ge cco traf ere ek peer q Senne che up roan See wenny LC Fete mma. Ee See ee riers ity ales -e rr a ae Non ny rg call hese loving ame ee = Spain ede [reer ea Forma a Solem ae ne 7 pact compu 2 Reena = oo mod ie a [ee ieee faa rae 5 is ey 80 [Co lO Po, Salim oie — ye eo Piva a + pie _ © so, ST eae =m =i Coo — eal Po, & ody By a ee oe eas a) ac, [MeOH ]e50, ——].00, —rorn, Taso, > SSS AE A BC oan Te = a fae ; aint ae ACO ie Ce cS (SOO estan 6. 2 mn nh See eee ee Ra pe == area) — | (pias Seaceerra oh tes Oneapp seer ioe of tie NO," = 62 13 NO, on = 2 gram oN, - z Fao, [HO | PO. ce saree atc oe Too, _ [FeO ‘reel ape (80,2-)ion = 602 UP $0, on = 96 ram of 902m ‘vel of wt 80) =602 = 12 140 molesles = 8 rao watt Ove ole tank NaC 602» 10 NaCl emcees = 58 gram of Fromthe above crane, became ler atone nn of btnce ie uty wich 6 21079 cei ni of | OEE. thar sabemee mole tm eroasae pee Fam arent tems component cai Sd epttonesin crbnaty CO” rei sownion "Fett charge fom porte ions mt alace the cr fom eave nS cm ons hres Fae pe cmp 2, hare foe clu ion ec te cag foe corti. The ‘oncom fala carbonates CACO, . Formule Mass and Grom Formola Mass a a a san stacy E0, NCO, edo tsetse enemies tsi ahicn 1.98 19 as = 3.6 1 Crested emt ops rotons in NCl mh Na on sarod yi CT bean vik wi re ome wed cline fra gs imi of lear mat, st Hehe eae mu, rity og he ume meso ears resent ino orm it 3 rae tieaf NaCl” Atomic mas of Na+ Atom mas of C1~23.0u 3830585 (Gn fomala mas erent he oral mus expres i =376% 10 wons tcc, and marble. ts composed fam fons, Ca?> chem frm of acim carbonate. 5602+ 102 molecler~ 158 « 173 moles 602 12 molecles= 1254 102 malls 9341244109 som “Tus, bth contin he ae rer of tome at ald conan “MOLE CONCEPT 3 enaine more ener of males “eu uis for coming any wal hing lage uber For xan we 2 dbvn poss isa of 24 pas. We Hee Of mates Arelan ext tee com weigh clement wad umber of toms In 12 ras ee ey mann fn ofcon 6210 athe hon ft mtd isms PONT {llega monte. ela Forman | Molec par (Sy) 32 8-25608 a 1 pote phar moeoer=256 = 6023 10 moles fpr Ghic. Now, 256§ of slp cnn 6.423» 107 molecules “know! wy Sone " x Bl iscec te Tea Spa eager SRR eevee eet ao ‘One mole of any element is the valve of atomic mass in grams, For any 6 nphar wll phar stomns = 8 « 1.506 « 1023 1.2048 10 atoms. frit ae ans of soi a 23,8 js to ne ar weight ott mot ‘Baan: Avomic 038 fs 23,8 no to St ee mae. oe gh ofp ofan om tne gu its ram abn nasa conn 6023 10 aoms of hat element, herefoe Se peal ud aga oo sonic mus ofan cloned a te mast of Avo mambo ms. af 6023» 10 was}. smgound substance valve of alec f i ba Thro 23 «16 ms othe =1 co} Ts print nt ha a a wi BT ee 2 Ni on, ip mt tal * Mase 642-102 ems fone gone sirens frees oy al Mass of 6.023» 1029 aos of potion =39 5 al eae ae ‘cele gmnegws tce ae cl e bwiganpe mera Cayo sper nd mi 6 21 ite cheval async ado en of raga’ maber of oe S02 1 oka) aes Force neers mror mei Once maori (Mg) 602 «102 goin atoms =24 gam of Me ne maa o om niopen N")~ 602 +108 trogen stars 14 gra of, if Mas 603 «163 males of ona (0)=328 Maso 623 «103 mses of tog) = 28 Mas of 6023 «108 ls of one (03) 48g nsf esl fy aimless pein [pass Sie ole mn be mar of vate vounber (60230?) of leis be eo mas of ange olde ye tind by ding te mtr mary Avopars unber Stay, ale aso np to ted iy Erg ihe tc muy Ags sr ‘a ong) Mane og som = Ate sn eto = SOA ao sn ge) ear oee esac = “6023%10 molecules MWUSTRATION +8 (Cale the mas of) an stom of ver andl) x melecle of carbo doi. (0 Tiel ofA ts = 108g (tie mas of ver = 108 9) =6002 «102 some 602 10 wom of siverbeve is re ast of one som of ee = Zs (I mnle £60, 44g (Moles ns C0, = 1124251 6022108 moles Ths, 602» 108 molecules of 00, ave mass ~ 4, “ — arson %e Sima 1 mole of CO, haem = Mote ond Volume ‘Wel Avg’ ht volumes fal pus ots ge abr flee sini cons of fener reset, nde alr condos, iret spe a ae untaning eal mnter of less ‘xr sane volume Since oe ie fel ge contin 2» 17 moll hence one ate of ach gu ce se ‘ohne whch 224 let Bich "Tee, th rainatip of mle and volun of ga ty be dfnad asthe amcunt of wich seis volun ‘Bitlet 273 Kan 80s oe ol Bs Le 1 mole of 88224 ines at NTP 1 mole of CO, ga =224 les a NTP moe of elom gu (He)= 224s NTP ILLUSTRATION + 9 Cae te volume at ST eccupied y (14g nroge, 1 mole of arbon xe and (i) 10 molec sownion (Motels ritogen= 24 inl a rogen 226s a STP 16.28 go toenosipy= 224 les STP 2 ies ot STP 1 molesot cn iid wit occupy = 2415-33 mesa STP Ai) tol of, moles = 6022 «108 rsees 228 he a STP e622 10 molt of xy ose 22.4 it at STP a 10 es STP co 102! molec of ayn wil cay 372 10 esa SP =372% 10210) on ast =s12em8 ast Mole Concept and lonle Compounds ole concept can alo be applied ene cmprunds alow hx made of posvely nd negatively charged Ips an ot afoul. Te formas ofan ini compound des not pte mel ofthat compe Bt open elie rato betwee he constituent ions However, he tom mole yaa be apple oo oping le ediaon For enie compounds, the formula mass sted In place of reece ed the fossa eed ne of lec Hence a mol fn hme compound ett ao te ssancs which ome Avge soe KGo2 10) fal et rms lo gm fr mas hemp, eos mas expe an). ‘ne mle ton rid aC) = 602 109 oma unis of CL 2192 Nia 62 PC ae Sle mol of NCI=23-+383= 585 oN SS pNaCl= 62 ~ 10 Na fon +62 «108 os Silo MCl hs mas eu formal af 24+ (2+ 353)“ 35 gh Thing ole of MgC, 95= 64210 rales Mt 6.02 108 Mg? ne +2 62 1ST ons Cale th numberof noms ofthe canttnet elements in $3 go N6,CO,- Te of¥,60, Gra fala has oF N00, =223 + 12+ 16% 3-106, Now 105 g00%14CO, =! mole ess 550614,00,- 5-0 mot otna,c0, ‘Ba tole of NCO, cnn 2 oles oF Ns a2 6.022 «102 os Sole of C0, wl contain =2 022 «10305 Na os = 6002 «103 Nas ‘Ai, one ofN2;CD, conn tcf eton ss = 6.02 «17 cate sts eral cioms Yor mlecees)and te wariber of tome te tncate ember of somes, or molec | Wd ken etd eee counting ei at were PTs PRS naked akk aescaaasenntie stony con be saab ere "Tana beeen flow ‘cach dens dc actonte anon heed, 112 goes oie res uate es aed esc PFC evcsed. Here question a tnd ng wt ote Red eo? siete 24 Lats | and, th ame oC, aoa (ms ese ot a mas ond ten die he] ae ans 3 aT TA Taso cei gam _ “Gram molesar mas of bse ate, cect O21 pure ( aes ey Ox sida aa of coc 4 Think Out of the B iam pasion Te Rigieaeee of wate weighing 018 Jeclet d wambi of ope ston (05 mle otNejCO, wl onin~ 602 «10205 xn sas 3.01» 10% carbon sms Fart, Lmoleof 00, conti 0S moleof NCO, wil cot =9.03 102 ony ans oe of xyes sons or 3 +6022» 108 axypen toms 3 6022 1P9 0. enyen ame ‘Sroming up th above dicted varios oni of ala male may De Iisa TOW Mou lato aad snr ofp, seve can 10] mater on snr 1 ofp stom = 60» 1 Nome ‘mule ofetogm mle 602*10" 1 ll ue] | ae | | Sor CONNECTING TOPIC RMINATION OF EMPIRICAL AND MOLECULAR FORMULAE iy Sina, hei ‘ihe them formal of rai ements satin oe molec ofthe compound Fr xampl, ‘heen formula of pcos (4,0) CHO. Toms hat Hand O ar peentin the simple ra of 1-21 ‘Stops Taken to Arrive ot the Empirical Formula (©) Determine the percenage the percentage of oxygen Is obtained by sabato (0 (100 som of fl athe cnstuent leet). Divide the percents och lent by store as tobi he live anes of toms (rst), ‘io su of al ter percentages fom 100 Le. % of camden we ui aie by Cae ee ns ne questo whe rebe 198299 395 od ofa baer, ) Sanh tp mibleies@3ore8) nt he amply nga a be i cee i by le Nowe eo aes chen ort esr he vit doef ch yaa. suwusraamion 23 aol a pee vag pacers cmpution No = 395184 nd O= 338 Cate Ssctapren ret em ‘aa os ml iene [ Syme! [Poses 9 eet Rts the_don! Sapo ml Pocelae, AL mus | to ease. of mals) 1a bere renee lone | 0 | 3038 1 ieeaea _ Tas ret sme Ay uLusmmarion + 12 30 of waniom wos bested rng in corcet fac The resuing exe weighed 206g, Determine the ‘prc formate he oxida (Aemas U=238, 0 1. ‘Stop Teale the percentage wan and oxyze in he xi. 2.506 ote oxiecntain yr = 2.382 Percentage of asin = 238 100 8482 ene the peerage fxg nthe oxi - 10000-8482 15.8 ‘Step 2-Te eet enprilermala loner] Symbol [Peceiage of Ac sar of] Nokes of Be clement] lement |e usin} u | ass |e loge | 0 | 1s Heo, be emperial fra fe oxide is U,Oy pue swory = Write the frmole and names three compounds centaling same percentage compote of C,H and O. ‘Compounds wi the tne perenag cmpostion of CH ad © wil have the sane copia fra The ‘camponnds wits the empl fnmla CHO canbe cso cH,coo# Forays est ait (©) Molecular Formule: tis that formula ofthe compen which pve the actual tamber of toms of various lemons ina molecule of that canpoud, For cunple lear fof ge CH, Mle oral of conpond is ete empl foals being noe hole muber maple ofp imal Ths, Moles femele~ > Empl oma (Whee 91,2 3 ss] “The la of i obtained byte llowigretaton spo Moor st ey ‘We =, Molec Forma Cath, E Ghee Epica fr the molecular mas of volatile compu en be dtd y Vier Myer’ math (aso th icp that 2. sLof pout of saubsance ot STP have mse quo rn mula) or by employing the ation Molecalar mass =2» Vapour dens. pc fom mast can howeves be bined om ts enya foe simply by adding he tome mass ofthe saa noms presenta Tus fr gcse (EF ~ CHO), Cu np fomula mas an be aed os: Pept fanealemas~At mas of ibn 2 AL ma often + At man oferypen= 12042 1.0u+ 1600 snow Hence allowing spe have cai out to eine at the molecular orl he compound. Detemine hep om as yang he store ase of altho reset inte ee feral empl orl of pho is CHO. ; pl fea mas = 124214 16-30 Determine the moll sm the dat oti by sine expen ind the molecular i bythe epi formala mass ict he vale of Mati enc! fom yo et te moll foam LLusTRATION : 23 ‘An eran substance containing carbon, yeroye an npg a he towing peseaage ompaion. (C= ans = S088% and = 542289 ‘The vapour demsty of the compound ie SP Cala the male formu of th comprend. sournioN : aku te epi frmas of he compound. ‘Multiple Choice Questions (MCs) DIRECTIONS «Thi section contains malls choice sustons Back qt ha four bts (0). and) if hick oon cre ‘het ary of mater was propose by (oka Kenedy ©) Lavoisie ©) Prot {es aoe ‘Tests of wbich fe flowing ire lement ae root ily ext ino ste? ) sos 1 0) eon awe pe oma ,0, Cale the nicl ola mas. The mpi foul of the empad is 31,0 pbc oral us =@* 12) +1) +2 1)=39, “Toca the molecular mas f he el. The purest othe compound 9, (Given) Using slat stwoen vapour desi an alsa ss Molar ss =2 » vapour Gonsiy = 259-118 F (© Helin ovale he veo (@ tom @and Molslarmass 118 Inve he operon ygen and sour by msg, apse” 59 i ri “ocala tbe alee formu of te ous are a ude bern Peek eo ‘ematerfcktonsin ant A 10 Te ois “Tos, th mole orale CHO emer of eneat Are ey be 5 oo ut © 15 @2 « AN pails X har 16 letons, 1S prtoes and 18 7. eae. The pace xa (a) Caicn ©) sion ® (©) Newel (0) Compound Assertion & Reason % DIRECTIONS Fach ofhse qn conta avant followed by reaion Read them early and answer the ution om he ast ofall opto ow hve eet con tet best escrito iatment ‘bet Aston ad Reston re erect 2 Reson ‘eth comet explanation af sro ‘oth inerton ad Reason re caret, but Reason is tat the correct explanation of Aeron. If Asertonscoret bt Reasons incaret. [averton i icoret bt Renton cares ‘Assertion: Aso sei neta, Remon Atom ona elmer of pets and ‘Asserton: The sm of protons a etn ic abays ‘rn eta 0. senpn ey ‘enon Alo ie sade up of eee, protons and coon [Spa [Peenageof [At mans [Mole ot he loment | Simplest mola [Simplest whole Jacmentoleen | ercetge At ma ante te inven. ole) 085350 3 c | wor | oa |Ap spirit ort be fle i th blank pace) Annrto: The ny of oo Reman The numberof stom pres noe meee ofan clonet scales tomy. ‘Amero: The onic mas of eelenent is thereat ‘mavof iste ean: The ste mas of lems re steal y- ‘mpg he ms with ea ren 12am Fill in the Blanks INST Compe he long Ham a a Daring chemical acto, te um ofthe eats anodic reais vce {Closers fn tats anion cle. Tani compounds, he cage on cach on i edt oft demi te of he compound ‘The Avognr constant ident he amar for i eae oe 00) Satu hanat-+ Caton sie + Wier 20 em 0% Hygena opp combine rtf: 8 by som wate What ms of osyae gs wold be repo o react comply with of Hoge es? ‘Which palate Dates oie hay be ret tte eo onseratin of ‘Which posto Dal’ tm ey ca xin the iw define roprion? Define tomie mass ‘Why sito pone sr mato wiht 7 We owe te oma Soden oxde (@,ASuiion ie (i Sodio pide {) Mages sie ‘We own tees of allowing sop () A005 cacy KS KN, (9 0100, ‘Whats meme yt em cherie ola? iow wy toes epee OWS woke co POF J. Caen moter anes oO Ch, Op CH Cal Hy Ny HOH. unt te fol wit ts F200, Ks0Dy ‘Given sonic aes of 2a =u, Na= 20, K = 39 c= van O= I. 13, fone mle ofcaton tom weighs 2am, whl the ns in gra) of tom of ebon? ‘Which more sunk of am, 1000s 100, rotten? {eine Ate mas of a ~230, Fe~ 56) Exercise 1.24 got spl of compoxnd of ype andre ms ond anita conta 0.096 go ro an 0.18 goforype. Clot be % age composion ofeach of the element nh compoun by weigh ‘When 30g of cron atin 0 pof xyz 11.0 ftom dixie forned, Wht mas of boa die ibe mod, when 30 gofeatonis buat 00 got ‘aye? Which hw of eel empties, douransver? ‘What re plytomic os Give examples ‘Witte chee formal of the following (@) Magnesium hide 0) Cleon oxo (6) Copper irate (@ Abii erie (6) Caeum cxtoone (© Zines ‘Give the names ofthe ements preset in te flow compouste (@) Quicktime (©) Hyigeabomide (e) Baking powder (@ Petsson slbate (Calcutta as of te allowing bane Bins, CH (©) Solgar molecule, (6) Poepons moll, (@ Nie wid INO.) (6) Hyiroclae 2 C1) 7. Wats temas of (Le of sirogen sto? (6)4male of aun toms? (amie of aio ator =27) (© 10 ele ofan spit 50.) Conve into mols ) 1agotonyeeness 20g efter (© Rg ofexton dioxide What ithe mao: (@) 02matofoxygensions? (©) 05 mot ef water moll? Cake the umber of molecules fap (preset {16g foi wb Calla he manber of shina ons in 005g of minum xis (A109, ‘Exemplar Questions ‘Wie the mle fr fal be cmpnd at canbe ome te catia of flown 2" ne FO" Cr, S05 POF Ca hbo ote of magni prs a 2 moan ston weighing 1 Mole nlc mst mgs 240 ‘Su tenon osm eatin ote lowng chemi ees (cof © 05 ® ro oo Which ofthe ftiowing represent coat chemin ct Nae @ Gat ©) Bio, © M50, @ Ns (cum cle wen dsoled ia ae si it ‘or serine allowing gen (act og)» 2") +2) Celeste te amber ofan obi om CACY whe 222 gots doled in wae "Te ms of one Hel mew 4p Find he mas of one mole ofthese tel sev, Coapar is value wi berms ofthe Earth (5 98 10h), Which on oft so heer an by how many ines? Reunion $ mols of etbos tom a conanee td ei ok me f sd aos in ater coatner fame wht () Wasco iba? (0) Wwe contin has ore amber of wns? A sample of etn (CH) esas the ae mas 8 15109 lene ate (CH How many Cy moles does the sample of cnt? ‘Ago sample otis 90940 lt an the et coe. ow many so of od at presen oe am of his sample of gold w ‘Muttiple Choice Questions a DIRECTIONS FT section contains maple hae squnion, Eh question has for eoies (0040) ‘of won ane comet ‘Which fe long at nit oamber of parle? n G@ teofchl, ©) 44got00, (9 M240 Cth: 04) 18 © 2gstHt, ‘The mumbo moles 16.05 of xyz i (6021 6m 10 @ 3ore1o2——(@ 301«10 “he progr tyrogr a WO i= @ a0 @ thie © 2a f@ wo ‘Sed the sof xyes contiedin Lg poms 14 ste 03) @ 58 ) ase © M26 @ 525 ‘What mas of ydogen and oxygen wil be protced 15 tn conphe clay of go wae? (6) 2lydogen mi 2s foxes (6) 2p yous od 18 (©) 2ghyéopmand 16g oes (12 ghyézgen and 6 one ‘Thema of sian in 1.7 sod crise is 23) ©) 468 © 6 @ ne ‘The form of clrde ofa metal M i MC he Fala oth poopae of el M willbe (9) MD, @) MPO, ©) M0 (MPO. ‘Which te flowing cats the est mabe of msec? 16 ( Cdn, @) 808M . ( MpetH,o —_@) 60gofco, ‘One gum of mich of the allowing contains lest bof oxygen st? ey @o © 0; © o {@) Alors same ‘The penconge by weight of nye in CASO, (On 18> 32,Ca= a is~ 6 @ 282 @ 47 (162 Cyaan “Te percentage by welaht of Za in white Viti, 7480, 11,0 (20 = 65,8732, 0=16,H= 1s pero 3 03 @8 @8 "Te nw of eine proportions was given by — (a) JabnDaton() Humphry Davy © Pros (@) ict Fay Moca dined a te ‘ss of ene am impure wf the mus of ne soe fs of ne ato compared wit th mast of ene som of yin. nus of ove mole of any substance compared ‘ith he aso neste C12 (Sone ofthe above (vigor israel, “het mmberof Coos ining ees (@) soom10? 5x10" © sox © 6023.10” ‘One mole ofa gcse volume of 2.4L. This i seed fom (a) Beets bypass 4) Gay-Lonac¥ ° » 16) Avogar's aw {@) Dato’ aw “Tess of eC sto is @ sisciee ) 19~10% © 2005 @ 1% ‘Te chem symbol forbs is 8 Bo © Be om ‘Toechemil symbol Pend oe (a) plosporat (pots (©) poloism {@ promehiom ‘grup ses chic bonded together isa) (a) okie ©) ion © sale (8) cenet [ning tons oan tos wil est in) (@) molele @) sin (© ton @ ak When an tom tes lesan tis calle (0) ——~ sodden che {@) sion, poive (0) ction poitve (©) sion segaive (2) cain negave 5 Se] “Theol formal PO, man tat (a) anoles conan toms of Pad ams (6) the rt the mass of othe se of the moe 25. ‘the tie as many Por inte molec at there O sams. the rt ofthe mars of Pie mas oO ia the ‘Tecomet bel fo seri @ Ae os @ ar oa ‘Asprtine 0 stil sretet, ba the molecular feral C.y.N;O,, Wht ithe mae grams of ene molecu? (Aone weigh C= 1201, = 1008, N= 1401, 0 1600), (4390102 @) 220x102 © 3x02 © anox02 ‘The prentnge of coppers oygeh asamp of 0 chained by dict matals ere ano ete same. ‘hiss thw (conta proportions () coxseration of ase (muti proportions (@) rere popecons ‘Theta name ofa presen yh compen © @ C180, 58,08 om 2 os os 7. The weigh ofa molec ofthe compount yt @ 14x0y loony (© Smsnio%y —@ 160217108 ‘hens ofa melee of waters G) 3110 ig, 3+ 107g © 152108 (6) 25*10% ‘The uber of sts in 4256 of i apoxiately @ D8 eer © 4108 (@) 6108 ‘olueafaga at STP 1.12 10" ce Caleuat the minder molec in (@ 301-10) 3arx Dk ( 30r~103 a) 01x 1 “Toe munber of ale of C0; retin gf CO, i ( 602x te 3108 © 2108 @ 3x10 3, The volume ocupied by Ag CO, a STPis @ mat © 2b © 02m @ 1 How sany molecles are presen ip one gram of tape? @) 602«10% — @ aoe @ 281109) 1s ”. * prgfatesfcy ines er ae Meeioceet a one © a oan eH een ce ere mane arn of o4 of os ‘The percentage of aitrogen by mass in smmesiame spt clos a (ore mates of = 1, = 18, = 16.5~32) rive} 2% ©) 28% © 36% @ 16% Rol He conas (0) Soles af Hetons 1) Sans ae fo) 85 6022 10° wom of le (@) tenwlcnles he mas fog se of met i265» 172 Thane masa ame of element Xi wastse} © Wu Oxgm — O) 32uSuphor © Mu.Nivopes (@) 160 Fhoine Tal suber of nets in ve mole of wake nese INtse} (301+) 2409008 © june @ 2a ‘One ce fe ft sodium ak ie lo ving ‘eb cnt cle to 14.9 predic mle of cba ‘ox ypon bing (stoic mas of N= 23, = sts] C= 12,016) Thesalis, evry} (a) C;HjCOONL (NaHCO, {© HOON (@) cH,CoONe ctand "larethe rw iaoperofelarc, ate aio 3: Tepes If th tape aii eve che ‘nei sc mass fre wilde (NTSE) 3500 ©) 3558 © 3600 3658 he cl forms no, MO, Te femal ‘at wile INE HN © MNO MN, 1.25 goal A ret wi ory complete 0 odie 168 gof meal oie The empl orl ‘ermal oxide [roar rn of Mand ae 69.7 smi"! and 160 8 mt respecte iKvev @ mo © M0, © Mo, (8) M04 ae a 4. Wich weighs mci? ortse) (Anesthetist price ofan | 2 THecompundsmiy (@) 22L0fCO, TP ‘@ement mac kept cherie bang (a) Neo oH hapten en Coser {D622 10 see £00, (© Ants tern onsen. © Nc (5 80, e ae eae ane Sree creme er ven oi ie fl es he sane (8) t0gotC0, sleet My © Nya ST ea 48 ne met oar moles in 280 nofwater CO oar NN (3 Nytes tiple Matching Questions Tema [Gen diy otwiersidg alts | OK 9 x0 in DIRECTION Fong ont Cn and a Reyer] 7 Wilhefteloveg ements ing | aTZTN ion & Reason {sep Col ee sar eee ates ame RRR Fat ia i v0 Col ache ee ee So tn Sdimed asses Lemtemnaies “46, Thonamberofmesofwenrpesatinespie waer (0) Catton (0) Aluminio Son hi MCW ER en a nL Cohama tt tin em Se rare ie tire eneees oak ee ee mee ere (Greco nbd aece') tao? ea peseted eeeveensimeteone “0 SASH OD Tommie wt Es a Ne f Aco pian oho GN, ae oO om Om st © Re imnatinmssensttnmis (9 timate a a + Sima ste moran metals | aoe ecpeaen ion ©) tmokotong 6) Weis 2 0 - prema an ol ompte 0273. The sn Asem oes eno cre a ; c ies dae ER ype ‘More than One Option Correct Tope die) vito ore 1. Amerton: Moccia eit of xyz 16 [BIRFTTIONS + Ths secon epnemalipe {0 ebm ine) poe ewes: Aeoic wih of rye i SIRTCTIONS Te vhs felts un wht evn cae he me aber of | ST eos nap pars @ nas pare @P narna © Sn eo mre Becore pee ek mite wo wit case sige {TL Which oth otiowing has sare mss? (@) 1g0f 0,2 00505 See pe reneneacaie, coy — mee Memee Wee vpROuee (o aeotte 1 teot ey tothO = ete () coz 10% aa oe © el ccc tmcascneas fp) Mm Adeninioemed imonitor (0, tat fe mK ‘cette nace rapa {© tensotte (oot oo estonme ments Mech chent amu (39) ile ber of ml af ose lon So ee anctatexingc efor at 1. SOs isk ety tel ha pane arene 3. Awe: ames 861034 falComiecke Svein fas a ah aRa fa ace rere 156-109 pnmpettibactmmta * Kersten ene ce perwnsgctonpnioton Ween tO, wld? meee a tomes taot0o, Bie © 88 © wel rateatenstecinsvommteeis |) 9480 (0 eam Aerie 1, feof sme mtr of oes (0 Retaeafareceuninwimeviateasss (7800 ©) tens ee rc eemrcamet TOM pn ey eee megnetenmm 1. Avielomin 4A got; Komen tacit fem tte Gr ormeetcoy Sainte ian eps ots cate be WTEC erty seer mane? {Sty ane om to togor 0nd go0% @ taba ons (0) bastOyind22¢01CO, Passage Based Questions (©) 2 g0fNyand22 of CO, ( SgoCOjand7 g0f%y 44. Which ofthe following epee plato (a) Spite (@) chloe (e) Sala {Posy 5. Wie oft folowing stmt coret? {a} Anata te sole parce of mater seeing to aboe's thay (@) Anatom ete snap ofan lees 3 RS Se oe parerap) woe alloring questo: ‘aki condcting an expen in boro invalid empound «One mle of compound « weigh 35 fH enumed 105 goin sapere. hen Tye no of mak of x coeued in above experiment @ 2 @4 ‘Multigle Choice Questions BIRECTTONS Oi BTR acon Snr ae ack ection (a 4 _ 25got dine ad 42g chien made ast ape yl it of CC}, Cote theo moles ofl a 1, Olt Ol Ol Ove 2 Two spe elo wee epee rece © etl ed ty being in caret hyo. The ‘Tight of ed om one de wa al the we of (at cbuined fe hor nie. Theda states 6) aw frei prions (© law feos operies {6 iw ofrmtine propesions {@) tw ofeqsinln propions 4 Imeompound A 1.000 nitrogen sites wih STB txygan In compo , 2005 of nitoge combines ‘rh 24 ofa. IneonyountC3. 0 ngs enins wih of nye. These ms obey he fw iw (© nw cont prpetions (6) wot mile proprions (0) tw ofreipelpeprions {@) Dali's ow of pi presure 44 Mich coe of te foowing pis of compounds is thew ape operons? (HOmdNs,0 —— @) MeO ns0 (@NxOumivs0 (8) SiC aml SHC The molec wight c,d $0, ae 32 an 64 pet ALC Sen He oe ie 170, eas N moles, Teer of aa {Eine ler of Spader, te same contions of ‘epee and pres willte om ON ON OW {6 Arne fig pin of compan, on a ites th aw af ie roan (yy NijandNel, 1) HS 30, (0) CSyaniFeSO, (6) CHD C0 1, ascend CA md ons ae pst 991 2s oy weigh Moker nei ompounl 108 Mle als a coun Cas © GHA (0 GAN: © GaN re] * w. 1m a a “ 15, qomm™> “The simplest ool of «compound conning 50% tf eneatX (omic mass 10) and $0% of elit Y (aca 205 OX Oy OY O XY Epica fomela of + hyoaton cooing Sox tab and 20% rope i: @a, Oo © © CH ‘Tecra frm fan id isCH, 0, the probable loa fra of maybe © G40, ©) CHO eral oft compo: ©) GH: © GtyOe rca © GH. ‘Te cnpitea mala ofconpund is Cit; Onemale iscomoond arama meat fem OG, © CH © Th © Ca, ‘Reon oi 545,907 os estoy Tempra nfo CHO © Camo; © Ge: @ cKO we conponds ave te sane citi fel bt “itn ole frm they mt (o Ditect peecacompstion (© Dicer msec weights (6 Sane vio (@ Sane vapour desty Str on non nero aes ‘cynical aa gre C, 38.7% ed Sr Tie ee orf comput oa { H,0 @) AHO «) CHO G CHO ‘Neseouhycatbon pes pon combustion 07200 srScrand 306g of CO, The epi farms Tyan ca © Cath 0 Cis @ om Te mation of $0, 503 explain (0) het of comma of as (© te ew of mate properties {6 toto of define reins (@ Boyk'sow 18, Which ane ofthe allowing iain ie? on mo © Ne or 19%. Which one ofthe long he agent sae? @al Av @ar (@ ar 20 The comet sequence which shows dering ode of Ateioic radi of te ele is (9 APS Mg > Na > 20% (Neto aD 30S (9 Nal =F> Mg > OF >AP (@ OFF 5 Nat Mg >A 2. Amita of ses oni Hy an , gente ato of 1:4 ow), What tho molar tof he tre ges Inde mice? lUstse) @at ® wr om @ 4 22, Mente wid men em (thm ists © lepamotwae © itgmetuae (© nme 23, ‘sop sarge! on 62210 fo tant et he cp vsrse) (een ma sno i ©) temuofenmiotertn (© te of heal el ech oer aa aed gon (0 tench bres cmd 24 talon incor) ese Sehmoiclosrae yuectonnin reas tay a me pga yc “ ists thine to 1-385 ge ot wea) ( cemeih ens (9 same oan 10™ as i a a9 en of mate alee istse Ot toate 0) aitgotwae © lo? ter (8 0023 wae ape st 2731 2 The pocmge compan ote Hy le 2 =r inst rrr 62% ©) 30% @ 2% ‘More than One Option Correct DIRECTIONS (QF 9 39 Thon conta mae ie quest Fac question has eee) 0 Soe ‘Which fe faving pin its wa he Inv of matin pepo? (9 CDandco, ©) 9 miD0 (© 50 and 80, {© go maior, ‘Which ofthe folowing pis of compound iste he ofp propio. (9 COmdCO,@) NiandNCL, © HOmeiio, Copan cH, ‘Which fhe fling staf composites he Inv feiss opens? (@ HLH © OOH HO © Ni NOs Hho @ NH, NEI NO, ‘Which a flowing show cont or of ie (0) AD ce @NSO>F Passage Based Questions DIRECTIONS (Qe 31 35): ahi sor parerann pe then ton 2 am Ancol formula ves fe allt whole menber ao fonsofesch ele in compan NO ean epi {formas showing ht tog an xy sos ae presen 41:2, N40 snot an epi fon. I ehows 12:4 rao of itoger sams o oxygen tm The 24 ‘tinh aconmon dv, anda thee eee 1:2, yu education ta owen terms Tht, he epicfu oFNC, eNO, Notallempsalfrmulas eps real omponds For ‘ane, the molar fra frog pero i 10, whch ges HO at epi emul. Thee i row sie ubtnce wit forma HO. ‘The dation beeen empire nd moll fom sy be summa felons 1 the onurps of « frmaa can te divided evny by 2 ole muerte smoeahe ool. the bsp of formals cnt be oozed fate it an emp! Frm ay aio bea mole oul ‘3, Win te empl formaa of he expound ‘pose lei al P02 PO om © F, @ Gn 2. eompeadisB6 eatoe an 1 oqen by mas ‘Mints the copia fms fis como cH ©) Oy © @ oH, Wat iste copa formla of & compound thst one 85% Aga 1% F by ts AF @) AnF © ABP Assertion & Reason @ Aah DIRECTIONS Ton HW): Each a te os ‘Sener the tion th aio ing oes ie eo ome (a) Aves is Ti, Reto Tu, Reason i correct ‘ananation fr Asertion osc hoe tha ees (0) Aaertion i Toe, Renton i Trus, Renton is NOT # ‘correct explanation fr Asertion (e) Avedon Tra Reason Fale (@)_Asertion is Fae, Reason is Tr $34, Assertion: Volume of sively proportional the mamber oles of Reson: The a by volume of scons ean and rode t ia agent with te ole. 3, Aaveron Oe mle f 0, cps doubt umber ‘tread presen ce of >. Remon: Motor weigh of 50; is dooblto hat of; | 36 Aserton The enpiseal mas fees is a of lear ms Remon The empl femal ese the simples file number rao of various toms preset Jn ono DIRECTIONS (0-7) sument (4B. © an Dyan in Co 31 Golam olan T ‘Bn oma Mallar formula war ©) Nile Nh @ Gi (cno © Gi er Ci ‘Multiple Matching Questions I Math nies A Be re pt 4 ®p ont On tp se pt Integer/Numerical Value Type Questions, BRTCTIONS (Oe 8 Wy Poly we merc vale pe estos, ack questo. when wot re oe imeem vl “Mu Nambe of ole of NSO pest in 2 Tv of 05 M NOH )pcompouad wa iad a cnt $82 pect ton thc 8 pest hire. Ith the emi Fr ‘te compound is Xe, Caclatehe ae of, ‘AiO simple of compound consis 4.008, 08878 Fam $20, ifhe th ato etwesn empires and mcr oot Gd he val of. The Eisams. » SOLUTIONS (Brief Explanations of Selected Questions) y= . gpeneee utp Choice uestons (cas) “Tomi thenry was propre by Jobe Dal ‘Neon and helio eee se ut “Tae numberof elostons in” ~10 ‘The mber of elena A=10-+3= 10 As the namber of elcrent me more than er of protons Thar Xmas be ain. Assertion & Reason Ant ley et ‘Aen neces contain ql umber ofp nd lcs, bunt eS. uch hvethe same ome (sm of rots snd auton) bt feet acne ‘Alona ci be rete or deeayed. Ao i mde pat eto prices, ‘Tesomiiy of zoe 3. ‘Aum ie rear ae @ © © ® © ° » @ © inthe Banks = 2 pobaomie chemical firma 4.622108, 126 symbol {6 molto ‘imple one et aed eels eal ‘mas fo a umber of som at Te / alse ‘tne 2 Te 4 he Match the Following A9@B50,C90.040 AB) C40.D50 Passage Based Questions (9, Cals exhorts (CACO) i the form of Imwble (i) Caton donde (CO) () Clea tide (C40), 50, () Tol mas of B and © (0 gis equal to he mass OF Aken (50, (@) The mas of roduc seul the ms of feat) Law conser o se. Very Short Anse Questions Tove gram mom ei of wy element 602+ 102 los fh elena we preset This uty of the ‘emesis own oe le (Gam sonic mass of ny element contin he same ber of som ofthat element a thre ae caon toms exactly 12 of caron-12. Thi name is ‘void amber, 6023» 10 ‘Thesnirnae of an ken when expres gas ‘som at gram atomle mas or spy 2 gram stam. (gatomForexmpl gamatonic ms of C2812 “Toemumber of gam-stor of any clanet in is cern wich isgventy Mase eet nga ‘mise tis the smal repentng formula in the sto of tone cpus. hopes bled wd sald "2 int 6022108 Neato 1560 oa2s10% 259% 109 mole of Na stom ‘The fra weight fa ustnc in on hs he ame mera vv a the mol mas exes in rams. Naw ofA4-(020 meray SEALE Nanterre 156+ 0! some ge at aA gothg 1 ol otPe= 2072 mayor P=6023 +10? semsot PD comic got = . 22 emai m2 £2905 10 atoas of Po Los 10? gob = 10 aa

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