PRINCE OSEI-TUTU SKILLS AND ENTREPRENEURIALCOLLEGE
{POTSEC}
DEPARTMENT OF ENGINEEERING
CLOSE CIRCUIT TELEVISION{CCTV} INSTALLATION
Introduction of CCTV installation
CCTV means “closed-circuit television” and is commonly known as a video surveillance technology.
Closed-circuit means broadcasts are limited to a selected group of monitors, unlike regular TV, which can
be received and viewed by whoever sets up a reception device.
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SOME OF OPERATIONAL REQUIRMENS WHILES DESIGNING OR INSTALLING
CCTV CAMERA
While designing a CCTV surveillance or observation installation, the given criteria must be taken
into serious consideration,
• Purpose of the observation and installation
• The potential activity or threat which is to be monitored and recorded
• The total number of cameras along with their locations which are required for monitoring
the decided zones as well as the object
• The surveillance’s target along with the frame rate that will be appropriate to match with
the speed of the target which will be under the surveillance
• Camera and equipment selection should be done on the basis of the environmental
conditions
• Control of the center configuration which also includes the location which is secured
• Evaluating the existing lighting condition and also consideration of the additional or new
illumination, which also includes the use of Infra-Red lamps or cameras
• The image resolution applicable for the project
• Determining the most applicable method of transmission for the CCTV installation
• Appropriate compression technique in the recording of the objects
• A CCTV must be installed with detectors, according to the requirements of the user or the
client
• The detector’s range must not exceed the decided field of view for all the associated
cameras
• There should be audible alarm, text message or clicking and sending of the image of the
threat or target along with a visual alarm
Tools needed for installing CCTV
Multimeter: An electronic
device used for measuring
voltage, resistance and current.
It is used for checking voltage
and continuity in the CCTV field.
Hammer: Used for hitting,
especially for cable clipping
works.
Pliers: Used for holding objects
firmly and also cutting wires and
cables.
Aligner: A type of small screw driver which
is needed for electronic devices and has a
small screw place for calibrating.
Drill Bit: This is used along with drilling
machines in order to have holes drilled out
of walls, to mount a camera, conduits along
with different operations.
Hacksaw Bladeused for cutting conduits in
order to fit these as per the site need.
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Drill Machine: Drill machines are two types – a
hand drill while the other is a bench drill machine.
These are used for camera mounting and also
installing cable in conduits.
12V 1A Power Supply: This needs to be kept along
with
the tools and then be used for checking the field
issues
for a CCTV
Measuring Tape: Ideal for any installation, it is
used for measuring first. It can be used for
measuring the length of cable.
Cleaning Brush: Often dust causes a lot of
disorder in the CCTV system and hence it is
required to carry a cleaning brush.
CCTV Tool Monitor: It is a
small monitor which has the
required video inputs and used
for checking the field anytime
needed.
Tool Bag: All the tools
mentioned must be neatly
arranged in a tool bag, otherwise
the required tool may not be
found at the time of need.
Analogy CCTV camera installation requirement
Analogy CCTV cameras are used extensively
since these are highly effective in preventing
crime. These cameras are like perfect spies that
are able to capture and show more than what
meets one’s eyes. Often the nitty-gritty of a
crime site is revealed by investigators due to
these CCTV cameras that provide all
important clues to get hold of the culprits.
However, a CCTV setup is actually required to
prevent crime. The very presence of a CCTV
camera and it being noticed by a stranger
convey a message to the person.
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ANALOG CCTV CAMERA MATERIAL AND THEIR FUNCTION
• BNC connector and DC connector both male
female: These are used for the need of terminating
CCTV cables in installation for surveillance camera.
High-end connectors are used to obtain weatherproof
service without any trouble.
• Siemen’s cable or coaxial: Used in different CCTV
applications in order to have the CCTV cameras
connected to the Digital Video Recorder. The use of
CCTV Wire and Cable will depend on the type of
application.
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• CCTV Mounting Brackets: CCTV Mounting Brackets are used for a wide array
of products like the CCTV camera housing, CCTV cameras and CCTV monitors.
• DC Power Supplies: Along with the CCTV Power Supplies, Converters and
Battery Packs are used for the purpose of CCTV Camera installation as well
as mobile cameras, hardwiring and also for converting a camera of 12 VDC
to 24 VAC of power supply.
• Hard disk: This is a storage device which is used for storing the captured video with the use of a
security camera to have it used later. These devices can be fitted within the video recorders and
can be viewed by connecting to the DVR monitor directly.
• CCTV Twisted Pair Baluns: A balun (an acronym for
Balanced/Unbalanced) changes one medium of transmission to another
medium of transmission, using defined impedance (which, 75 ohms coaxial)
for the first and another impedance for the transmission to another medium
(of 120 ohms twisted pair, i.e., CAT5e).
• A Digital Video Recorder includes video storage, software and
also a
computer hard disk – all put together in one unit. This will accept
analog
video feeds to convert these to digital mode.
12V 1A Power Supply: This needs to be kept along with
the tools and then be used for checking the field issues
for a CCTV.
Analog CCTV camera. Always the analogy CCTV camera has the
connection of BNC connector for sending footage to the DVR
and DC connector for powering the camera.
Router device. Router is a device that help you to connect your cameras to internet,
for you to be able for you to access it on your smart phone or laptop.
Connection of Analog CCTV camera
INTERNET PROTOCOLS OR INTERNET PROVIDERS
CAMERA MATERIALS
{IP CAMERAS}
A Network Video Recorder, commonly referred to as an NVR, is an electronic device designed
to record and store video footage from IP cameras or other video sources. DVRs have become
integral in surveillance systems, television broadcasting, and home entertainment setups.
• Category 6 Cable Used in different CCTV applications in order to have the
CCTV cameras connected to the Network Video Recorder. The use of CCTV
Wire and Cable will depend on the type of application.
RJ 45 Connector is also kwon as registered jack 45 and is the most commonly used
to connect internet protocols cameras from the cameras to NVR.
IP Camera they are cameras having the section of POE port only
NVR CASE OR CABINET
Types of Security Cameras:
• Pan/Tilt/Zoom (PTZ)
• Fixed
• Virtual PTZ or 360 degrees.
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Security Camera Housing Types:
• Dome
• Outdoor
• Discreet
• Bullet
Extra features:
• Infrared
• Resolution
• Varifocal
• Day/Night
• Thermal Imaging
• Auto-focus
• Remote Zoom
• Wireless
Popular and Common Types of CCTV Camera Features:
Selecting The Right Type of Camera
• Fixed Camera: This is positioned in order to have an image captured and also it could be optimized
for various housing application as well as features.
FIXED CAMERA
PTZ Camera: These are remotely positionable cameras which are used for their ability to tilt, pan
and zoom on specific object. This type of camera is designed in different manner and can be put
inside gears or motors and have an operator to move it remotely. Cameras in this category with
higher range will have greater zoom range as well.
PTZ CAMERA
360-degree Camera: The virtual PTZ or the 360-degree camera is like a number of high
resolution fixed cameras put together in a housing. The images here are put together and zoom in
is enabled. Also it can face every direction and this is a powerful tool for forensic requirements.
360-DEGREE CAMERA
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Selection of Housing
Once the camera type is selected, the type of housing needs to be selected immediately.
• Outdoor: The outdoor cameras are said to be more weather resistant and they will include a lot of
blowers and heaters in order to enable environmental variances.
• Bullet: The cameras which look like a box which is on a post of bullet is called for the same
cylindrical sleek shape which it has.
• Dome: These are used for concealing the camera orientation and some of these do a better task at
it than others.
• Discreet: This is used when someone wants to have the camera hidden completely. The camera
can look like a smoke detector or a motion sensor or a similar device, which will seem to be of less
importance or no importance.
