NEO PERSONALITY INVENTORY (NEO-PI-3)
(Ganita, Shailja, Reet, Aanchal, Vishakha)
INTRODUCTION
The NEO-PI-3 developed by Robert McCrae and Paul T. Costa is the updated version of the
Revised NEO Personality Inventory (NEO PI-R) – the standard questionnaire of the
Five-Factor Model (FFM) in 2010. This personality assessment is a comprehensive measure
of the five major domains of personality (Neuroticism, Extraversion, Openness to
Experience, Agreeableness, and Conscientiousness) and the six facets that define each
domain. This latest scale has been backed by years of research in factor analysis and
personality structure. The items on the NEO-PI-3 are easier to read than those on the previous
versions, and the NEO-PI-3 can be used for adolescents 12 years of age and older. It consists
of forms: Form S (self-report) and Form R (observer ratings).
BACKGROUND AND HISTORY
1884: Lexical hypothesis
1940s–1950s: Emergence of the Five-Factor Model
The lexical tradition began with an analysis of trait objectives found in English and other
natural languages. Over centuries, words like nervous, energetic, original, accommodating,
and careful evolved to allow individuals to describe themselves and others. Multiple words
were found in dictionaries, and theorists like Cattell proposed that this list of terms could be
considered after an exhaustive enumeration of personality types. Factor analysis was used to
uncover the structure of personality itself.
1978: Development by Costa and McCrae
The first NEO questionnaire was developed by McCrae and Costa as a tool to measure three
fundamental dimensions of personality: Neuroticism (N), Extraversion (E), and Openness to
Experience (O).
1985: Introduction of the NEO-PI
As noted earlier, the name of the inventory—NEO—was formed from the initial letter of the
first three domain names in a concession to an early version of the inventory that contained
only those three domains. The five domains measure the broad dimensions of personality in
normal adults. Each of the first three domains also had six facets or subscales. It had a total of
48 items.
1992: Revision and Expansion
The NEO questionnaire was changed to NEO-PI. The NEO-PI-R (Costa & McCrae, 1992)
consisted of the same five domains as in the NEO-PI. There are only two minor differences
between the NEO-PI-R and the NEO-PI. First, the facet scales for Agreeableness (A) and
Conscientiousness (C) were added. Second, 10 items were replaced to allow for more
accurate measurement of several facets.
1999: Introduction of the NEO-FFI
The NEO-FFI-3 (McCrae & Costa, 2010) is essentially an authorized short form of the
NEO-PI. It consists of 60 items from the NEO-PI that are used only to score the five
domains: Neuroticism (N), Extraversion (E), Openness (O), Agreeableness (A), and
Conscientiousness (C).
THEORETICAL CONCEPT
1. Lexical Hypothesis
● The lexical hypothesis posits that the most socially and psychologically important
personality traits become encoded as words in a language over time.
● Historical Development:
○ Francis Galton (1884) proposed that traits important for interpersonal life
would naturally become part of language.
○ Gordon Allport and Henry Odbert (1936) expanded this idea by compiling a
list of 18,000 personality-descriptive words from dictionaries.
○ Over time, these were narrowed down through factor analysis to identify core
traits.
○ The Big Five traits emerged as broad categories encompassing clusters of
related adjectives.
○ For example, adjectives like "curious," "imaginative," and "creative" cluster
under Openness, while "reliable," "organized," and "dependable" align with
Conscientiousness.
2. Factor Analysis Studies
● A statistical method is used to analyze correlations among large numbers of variables
to identify underlying dimensions.
● Key Contributions:
○ Raymond Cattell initially used factor analysis to reduce Allport and Odbert's
list of adjectives into 16 primary factors.
○ Later researchers like Ernest Tupes and Raymond Christal (1961) identified
five recurring factors, which laid the groundwork for the modern Big Five.
● Process:
○ Data from surveys and personality tests were analyzed to identify patterns of
co-occurrence among traits.
○ Traits that correlated highly were grouped into broader dimensions.
3. Eysenck’s Biological Model of Personality
posits that personality can be understood through three broad dimensions: Psychoticism (P),
Extraversion (E), and Neuroticism (N).
● Neuroticism (N):
A measure of emotional stability and the degree to which a person experiences
negative emotions like anxiety, depression, and stress. High neuroticism indicates
emotional instability, while low neuroticism suggests emotional resilience and
calmness under stress.
● Extraversion (E):
The degree of sociability, assertiveness, and energy a person exhibits. High
extraversion is associated with outgoing, talkative, and energetic behavior, while low
extraversion (or introversion) is related to quieter, more reserved, and introspective
behaviours.
● Psychoticism (P):
The extent to which a person is impulsive, aggressive, and hostile. High levels of
psychoticism are linked to a tendency for antisocial behaviors, lack of empathy, and
unconventional thinking. People with low levels of psychoticism are generally more
empathetic, cooperative, and conforming to societal norms.
4. McCrae and Costa’s Five-Factor Model (FFM)
● Paul Costa and Robert McCrae formalized the Five-Factor Model in the 1980s,
providing a detailed theoretical and measurement framework.
● Features of the FFM:
○ Each of the Big Five traits has six facets, allowing for finer-grained analysis.
○ Tools like the NEO-PI-R and NEO-PI-3 were developed to measure these
traits reliably.
○ Emphasized the stability of traits across cultures and over time.
● Significance:
○ The FFM linked personality traits to real-world outcomes, such as academic
success (Conscientiousness) and relationship quality (Agreeableness).
○ It established the Big Five as a universal model for understanding personality.
5. Evolutionary Psychology
● Principle: Personality traits evolved as adaptive mechanisms to enhance survival and
reproduction.
6. Behavioral Genetics
● Genetic studies have shown that personality traits have a significant heritable
component, often ranging from 40% to 60%.
○ Twin studies compare identical and fraternal twins to estimate heritability.
○ Adoption studies separate environmental and genetic influences.
7. Interactionism
● Core Idea: Traits and situational factors interact to influence behavior.
● Key Concepts:
○ Traits are relatively stable but can manifest differently depending on the
situation.
○ For example, an extrovert may behave differently at a party (outgoing) than in
a formal meeting (reserved but sociable).
● Relevance to OCEAN:
○ The Big Five traits provide a framework for understanding general tendencies,
while interactionism explains variability in behavior across contexts.
DOMAINS AND FACETS
This personality assessment is a comprehensive measure of the five major domains of
personality (Neuroticism, Extraversion, Openness to Experience, Agreeableness, and
Conscientiousness) and the six facets that define each domain. NEO-PI-3 domain scores
provide good estimates of these five factors by summing the six facets in each domain. More
precise estimates of standing on the five factors, however, are provided by factor scores,
which are a weighted combination of scores on all 30 facets.
Neuroticism Facets
Neuroticism refers to the tendency to experience negative emotions such as anxiety, sadness,
irritability, and emotional instability. Individuals high in neuroticism are prone to stress,
worry, and mood swings, often reacting more intensely to challenges or frustrations.
(N1) Anxiety
Anxious individuals are apprehensive, fearful, prone to worry, nervous, tense, and jittery. The
scale does not measure specific fears or phobias.
(N2) Angry Hostility
Angry hostility represents the tendency to experience anger and related states such as
frustration and bitterness. This scale measures the individual's readiness to experience anger;
whether the anger is expressed depends on the individual's level of Agreeableness.
(N3) Depression
This scale measures individual differences in the tendency to experience depressive affect.
(N4) Self-Consciousness
The emotions of shame and embarrassment form the core of this facet of Neuroticism.
Self-conscious individuals are uncomfortable around others, sensitive to ridicule, and prone
to feelings of inferiority. Self-consciousness is akin to shyness and social anxiety.
(N5) Impulsiveness
Impulsiveness refers to the inability to control cravings and urges. Desires (e.g., for food,
cigarettes, possessions) are perceived as being so strong that the individual cannot resist
them, although he or she may later regret the behavior. (N6) Vulnerability
Individuals who score high on this scale feel unable to cope with stress, becoming dependent,
hopeless, or panicked when facing emergencies.
Extraversion Facets
Extraversion is characterized by a tendency to seek stimulation from the external
environment and engage in social interactions. Individuals high in extraversion are typically
energetic, sociable, and enthusiastic. Conversely, low extraversion (introversion) is marked
by a preference for solitude and a lack of interest in large social gatherings.
(E1) Warmth
Warmth is the facet of Extraversion most relevant to issues of interpersonal intimacy. Warm
people are affectionate and friendly. They genuinely like people and easily form close
attachments to others.
(E2) Gregariousness
Gregarious people enjoy the company of others – “the more the merrier.”
(E3) Assertiveness
Assertive individuals are dominant, forceful, and socially ascendant. They speak without
hesitation and often become group leaders.
(E4) Activity
A high Activity person is seen as having a rapid tempo and vigorous movement, a sense of
energy, and a need to keep busy. Active people lead fast-paced lives.
(E5) Excitement-Seeking
These people crave excitement and stimulation. They like bright colours and noisy
environments. Excitement-Seeking is akin to some aspects of sensation-seeking.
(E6) Positive Emotions
The last facet of Extraversion assesses the tendency to experience positive emotions such as
joy, happiness, love, and excitement. People with positive emotions are cheerful and
optimistic.
Openness to Experience Facets
Openness to experience refers to the extent to which a person is curious, imaginative, and
open-minded. Individuals high in openness enjoy new experiences, intellectual pursuits, and
appreciate beauty in art, music, and nature. Low openness individuals prefer familiarity,
routine, and tend to be more conventional in their thinking.
(O1) Fantasy
Individuals who are open to fantasy have a vivid imagination and an active fantasy life. They
daydream not simply as an escape but as a way of creating an interesting inner world for
themselves. They elaborate and develop their fantasies and believe that imagination
contributes to a rich and creative life.
(O2) Aesthetics
It reflects a deep appreciation for art and beauty. People are moved by poetry, absorbed in
music, and intrigued by art. They need not have artistic talent, nor even necessarily what most
people would consider good taste, but for many of them, their interest in the arts will lead
them to develop a wider knowledge and appreciation than that of the average individual.
(O3) Feelings
Openness to feelings implies receptivity to one's inner feelings and emotions and the
evaluation of emotion as an important part of life.
(O4) Actions
Openness is seen behaviorally in the willingness to try different activities, go to new places,
or eat unusual foods.
(O5) Ideas
Intellectual curiosity is an aspect of Openness that has long been recognized. This trait is seen
not only in an active pursuit of intellectual interests for their own sake but also in
open-mindedness and a willingness to consider new, perhaps unconventional, ideas.
(O6) Values
Openness to Values assesses the readiness to reexamine social, political, and religious values.
Closed individuals tend to accept authority and honour tradition and, as a consequence, are
generally conservative, regardless of political party affiliation. Openness to Values may be
considered the opposite of dogmatism.
Agreeableness Facets
Agreeableness is the tendency to be compassionate, cooperative, and considerate toward
others. High agreeableness is associated with trust, empathy, and a willingness to
compromise, while low agreeableness may manifest as scepticism, competitiveness, or a
tendency to prioritise one's own needs.
(A1) Trust
This incorporates qualities of honesty and well-intentioned and not cynicism and scepticism.
(A2) Straightforwardness
This reflects frankness, sincerity, and ingenuousness.
(A3) Altruism
Altruists have an active concern for others' welfare as shown in generosity, consideration of
others, and a willingness to assist others in need of help.
(A4) Compliance
This facet of Agreeableness concerns characteristic reactions to interpersonal conflict. People
inhibit aggression and forgive and forget. Compliant people are meek and mild.
(A5) Modesty
This scale is associated with humbleness and self-efficacy, and don't lack in self-confidence
or self-esteem.
(A6) Tender-Mindedness
This facet scale measures attitudes of sympathy and concern for others. People are moved by
others' needs and emphasize the human side of social policies, unlike being hard-headed and
less moved by sympathetic appeals to pity.
Conscientiousness Facets
Conscientiousness refers to an individual’s degree of organization, dependability, and
goal-oriented behaviour. High conscientiousness is associated with being responsible,
diligent, and efficient, while low conscientiousness involves being disorganized, unreliable,
and lacking in long-term planning or perseverance.
(C1) Competence
Competence refers to the sense that one is capable, sensible, prudent, and effective.
(C2) Order
This scale is associated with the qualities of being neat, tidy, and well-organized. People keep
things in their proper place.
(C3) Dutifulness
This scale measures people’s ethical principles and scrupulously fulfills their moral
obligations as they understand them.
(C4) Achievement
This facet indicates having high aspiration levels and work hard to achieve their goals. People
are diligent and purposeful and have a sense of direction in life.
(C5) Self-Discipline
It measures an individual's ability to stay focused on tasks, persist despite difficulties, and
complete goals efficiently. It reflects motivation, willpower, and the ability to resist
distractions.
(C6) Deliberation
It measures a person's tendency to think carefully before acting. It assesses impulsivity
control, cautious decision-making, and the tendency to avoid rash actions.
PSYCHOMETRIC PROPERTIES
(The SAGE Handbook of Personality Theory and Assessment, n.d.)
● Internal consistency for domains ranges from 0.83-0.93 and for the facets ranges from
0.53-0.83
● Test-retest reliability found while conducted on 132 students over 1 week ranged
between 0.91-0.93.
● Content validity is seen by the use of multiple facets.
● Construct Validity is seen through strong correlations between the NEO-PI-3 and
earlier versions (NEO-PI-R), indicating continuity in measuring the Big Five traits.
● Criterion Validity which predicts real-world outcomes, such as job performance,
academic success, and relationship quality, correlating with external measures and
behaviors is also seen. It is also seen using different versions of the test.
● Cross-cultural validity is high as it is adapted and validated across multiple languages
and cultures, showing consistent factor structures and applicability internationally.
APPLICATIONS
● Counselling, clinical setup, and psychiatry - Understanding the client and facilitating
the process of diagnosis. It also helps in the Anticipation of therapy and course and
for the Optimal treatment selection
● Vocational counseling and i/o psychology - the NEO job profiler is used to identify
occupational traits and helps in understanding workplace behaviors
● Research applications
● Educational psychology - tailoring educational strategies to individual differences in
learning styles and motivation
EVALUATION
Merits
● Evaluate personality traits using the Five-Factor Model for counseling,
self-awareness, and development.
● Designed for adolescents (12–20) and adults, with tailored norms and simplified
language for accessibility.
● Validated for diverse cultures, though minor sensitivity issues may exist.
● Ensures high reliability and validity, backed by extensive research.
● Versatile tool with applications in clinical, educational, counseling, and workplace
settings.
Demerits
● Prone to self-report bias and misrepresentation.
● Not suitable for direct mental health diagnoses.
● Some items may not align with all cultural norms.
● Lengthy test (30-45 minutes) may be taxing.
● Requires expert interpretation, limiting casual use.
● Overemphasizes stable traits, ignoring situational factors.
PRECAUTIONS
1. Ensure Comfort: Create a quiet and comfortable environment to help the respondent
feel at ease and focus on the assessment.
2. Maintain Neutrality: Avoid any personal biases or comments that could influence the
respondent’s answers.
3. Clarify Instructions: Provide clear instructions before starting the assessment,
ensuring the respondent understands the process and scale.
4. Avoid Time Pressure: While most complete the test in 30–40 minutes, do not rush the
respondent; allow them to work at their own pace.
5. Respond to Questions: Be available to answer any questions about the process but
avoid interpreting or explaining the meaning of individual items.
ADMINISTRATION OF THE TEST
AIM
To evaluate the client's personality traits using the NEO-Personality Inventory 3
OBJECTIVE
To evaluate the client's personality traits across the five major domains of the Five-Factor
Model—Neuroticism, Extraversion, Openness to Experience, Agreeableness, and
Conscientiousness—and their corresponding facets, to gain insights into their psychological
functioning.
SOCIODEMOGRAPHIC DETAILS
● Name
● Age
● Gender
● Education
MATERIALS REQUIRED
● Neo pi 3 test booklet
● Response sheet
● Manual
● Stationeries (pencil, pen)
● Wooden screen
PROCEDURE
The procedure for administering the NEO-PI-3 begins with introducing yourself, explaining
the purpose of the assessment, and ensuring a comfortable environment. Provide clear
instructions, emphasizing that there are no right or wrong answers and that honest responses
are important. Distribute the test materials required for the test. Ensure participants
understand how to respond using the 5-point Likert scale (e.g., "Strongly Disagree" to
"Strongly Agree").
Allow the respondent to complete the questionnaire, typically within 30–40 minutes, and be
available to clarify any doubts without influencing responses. After completion, review the
materials for completeness, score the responses using the key or software, and convert raw
scores into standardized scores based on the manual. Finally, interpret the results and
generate a report if needed.
INSTRUCTIONS
“We will be conducting an assessment today which requires you to choose responses
regarding each statement in the NEO-PI 3 test booklet to which you relate the most. There are
no right or wrong answers, so please respond honestly based on how you generally feel,
think, and behave. You will be given a test booklet with statements and an answer sheet to
record your responses. For each statement, indicate how much you agree or disagree using
the scale provided: Strongly Disagree (SD), Disagree (D), Neutral (N), Agree (A), or
Strongly Agree (SA).
Read each statement carefully and mark your chosen number clearly on the answer sheet in
the corresponding space. Most people complete the questionnaire in 30–40 minutes, but you
can take your time to ensure accuracy. If you have any questions or need clarification, feel
free to ask during the process. Once you have completed the assessment, please return both
the booklet and answer sheet to me.”
SCORING AND INTERPRETATION
Interpretation
(P.S. For extreme scores that interpret as very high or very low, change the terminology
accordingly. An example has been given in the discussion)
1. Neuroticism (N)
The domain of Neuroticism reflects an individual's emotional stability and their tendency to
experience negative emotions. Individuals who score high on this domain are prone to
experiencing emotional distress, such as anxiety, depression, and feelings of vulnerability. On
the other hand, individuals who score low on Neuroticism are emotionally stable, calm, and
resilient to stress.
Facets of Neuroticism:
1. Anxiety (N1): High scorers frequently feel tense, jittery, and apprehensive about the
future. They worry excessively and often experience frightening thoughts. Low
scorers are calm, relaxed, and rarely worry about potential problems or future events.
2. Angry Hostility (N2): Individuals with high scores are quick to anger, easily
frustrated, and often feel bitterness or resentment. Low scorers are even-tempered,
tolerant, and rarely experience anger or frustration.
3. Depression (N3): High scorers often feel sad, discouraged, and hopeless. They tend to
blame themselves when things go wrong and may feel a sense of worthlessness. Low
scorers rarely experience feelings of sadness or discouragement and maintain a
positive self-image.
4. Self-Consciousness (N4): High scorers are easily embarrassed, self-conscious, and
often worry about how others perceive them. They fear making social blunders and
feel inferior in social settings. Low scorers are confident, comfortable in social
situations, and unbothered by others’ opinions.
5. Impulsiveness (N5): High scorers frequently act on their impulses and struggle to
resist temptations, often regretting their actions later. Low scorers exhibit strong
self-control, rarely overindulge, and can effectively resist temptations.
6. Vulnerability (N6): High scorers feel helpless and incapable of coping with stress,
often feeling as though they are "falling apart" during crises. Low scorers are
emotionally stable, capable of handling stress, and remain composed in difficult
situations.
2. Extraversion (E)
Extraversion measures the extent to which individuals seek stimulation and engage with the
external world. High scorers are energetic, outgoing, and thrive in social situations, while low
scorers are more reserved, independent, and prefer solitude.
Facets of Extraversion:
1. Warmth (E1): High scorers are friendly, approachable, and form emotional
connections with others easily. They enjoy social interactions and take a personal
interest in others. Low scorers appear distant, and reserved and struggle to form close
emotional bonds.
2. Gregariousness (E2): High scorers enjoy being in groups, thrive in social gatherings,
and feel energized by being around others. Low scorers prefer solitude, avoid crowds,
and often find social events uninteresting.
3. Assertiveness (E3): Individuals with high scores are confident leaders, often taking
charge in group settings and dominating conversations. Low scorers are more
reserved, tend to follow rather than lead, and avoid asserting themselves.
4. Activity (E4): High scorers live a fast-paced life, are highly energetic, and are
constantly on the move. Low scorers prefer a slower pace and are more laid-back in
their approach to life.
5. Excitement-Seeking (E5): High scorers crave thrills, enjoy excitement, and often
engage in adventurous activities. Low scorers avoid excitement, prefer predictable
routines, and steer clear of potentially risky situations.
6. Positive Emotions (E6): High scorers are cheerful, optimistic, and prone to feelings of
joy and enthusiasm. Low scorers are more subdued, less emotionally expressive, and
rarely experience intense feelings of happiness.
3. Openness (O)
Openness reflects a person’s imagination, curiosity, and willingness to explore new
experiences and ideas. High scorers are creative, open-minded, and intellectually curious.
Low scorers are practical, prefer routine, and are more conventional in their thinking.
Facets of Openness:
1. Fantasy (O1): High scorers have a vivid imagination and enjoy exploring fantasies
and daydreams. They are often lost in thought and enjoy creative mental activities.
Low scorers are grounded in reality, avoid flights of fancy, and focus on practical
concerns.
2. Aesthetics (O2): High scorers are deeply moved by art, music, and beauty. They
appreciate the patterns in nature and the emotional power of artistic expression. Low
scorers are less affected by or interested in aesthetic pursuits and find such
experiences unimportant.
3. Feelings (O3): High scorers are highly aware of their own emotions and empathetic
toward others. They experience a wide range of feelings and value emotional
experiences. Low scorers are less emotionally expressive, pay little attention to their
feelings, and are emotionally detached.
4. Actions (O4): High scorers enjoy trying new activities, exploring different hobbies,
and experiencing change. They are adventurous in their behavior. Low scorers prefer
familiar routines and are resistant to change, often sticking to tried-and-true methods.
5. Ideas (O5): High scorers are intellectually curious, enjoy abstract thinking, and are
drawn to philosophical and theoretical discussions. Low scorers focus on concrete,
practical matters and find abstract topics uninteresting or irrelevant.
6. Values (O6): High scorers are open-minded and accepting of diverse perspectives and
lifestyles. They are willing to challenge traditional norms. Low scorers prefer
traditional values, are less tolerant of differing viewpoints, and often resist change.
4. Agreeableness (A)
Agreeableness describes a person’s interpersonal orientation, focusing on traits such as
kindness, trust, and cooperation. High scorers are compassionate, empathetic, and
cooperative, while low scorers are skeptical, competitive, and less concerned with others’
needs.
Facets of Agreeableness:
1. Trust (A1): High scorers believe in the goodness of others and assume that most
people are honest and well-intentioned. Low scorers are suspicious, skeptical, and
believe others are likely to act in their own self-interest.
2. Straightforwardness (A2): High scorers are honest, direct, and avoid manipulation or
deceit. Low scorers are more willing to manipulate others to achieve their goals and
may engage in strategic dishonesty.
3. Altruism (A3): High scorers are generous, thoughtful, and eager to help others. Low
scorers are self-centered and less inclined to prioritize others’ needs over their own.
4. Compliance (A4): High scorers avoid conflict, are forgiving, and value cooperation.
Low scorers are confrontational, stubborn, and quick to express anger or
disagreement.
5. Modesty (A5): High scorers are humble and self-effacing, avoiding self-promotion or
boasting. Low scorers are confident in their abilities, often seeking recognition and
talking about their achievements.
6. Tender-Mindedness (A6): High scorers are empathetic, compassionate, and deeply
concerned for others’ well-being. Low scorers are practical, tough-minded, and less
likely to be moved by emotional appeals.
5. Conscientiousness (C)
Conscientiousness assesses an individual’s level of self-discipline, organization, and
goal-directed behavior. High scorers are diligent, reliable, and focused on achieving their
goals, while low scorers are more spontaneous, disorganized, and less driven.
Facets of Conscientiousness:
1. Competence (C1): High scorers are confident in their abilities, capable, and effective
in managing tasks and responsibilities. Low scorers are less self-assured and may
struggle to perform tasks successfully.
2. Order (C2): High scorers are organized, neat, and systematic in their approach to
tasks. Low scorers are disorganized, messy, and struggle to maintain structure in their
lives.
3. Dutifulness (C3): High scorers adhere to ethical principles and fulfill obligations
reliably. Low scorers are less dependable and may neglect responsibilities.
4. Achievement-Striving (C4): High scorers are ambitious, hardworking, and driven to
excel. Low scorers are laid-back, unmotivated, and content with minimal effort.
5. Self-Discipline (C5): High scorers are persistent, focused, and able to complete tasks
even in the face of challenges. Low scorers procrastinate and struggle with
follow-through.
6. Deliberation (C6): High scorers are cautious and think carefully before making
decisions. Low scorers are impulsive and often act without considering the
consequences.
BEHAVIOURAL OBSERVATIONS
DISCUSSION
(this is for reference only, please write your own for each facet)
The NEO-PI-3 assessment, developed by Robert McCrae and Paul T. Costa was administered
on a 23-year-old female subject GS, on 17 January 2025.
The T Score for the domain of Neuroticism was 125 resulting in a VERY HIGH score which
indicates that the subject very often feels tense, jittery, anxious, and very easily frightened.
The subject tends to experience emotional and anger outbursts which she might regret later.
1. Anxiety (N1)The raw score and the T score for this facet of neuroticism is 25 and 67
respectively indicating that the subject score is HIGH which means that she frequently feels
tense, jittery, and apprehensive about the future and worries excessively and often experience
frightening thoughts.
2. Angry Hostility (N2)- The Raw Score of the subject is 13 and T-Score is 49.
This score falls in the AVERAGE range, suggesting that the subject experiences occasional
feelings of frustration or irritation but is generally able to manage anger constructively. They
are unlikely to be characterized as particularly temperamental or prone to hostility in their
interactions.
3. Depression (N3) The Raw Score of is 26, T-Score is 73 indicating a VERY HIGH score
for Depression suggesting that the subject often experiences feelings of sadness,
hopelessness, and discouragement. They may have a tendency to blame themselves for
setbacks and might struggle with self-esteem or feelings of worthlessness. This score
suggests a need for support in managing negative thought patterns and enhancing emotional
resilience.
4. Self-Consciousness (N4) Raw Score is 27 and T-Score Is 77 giving a VERY HIGH
T-score showing the subject is highly self-conscious and easily embarrassed. They may
frequently feel inferior in social situations and worry about being judged or making mistakes.
These tendencies could lead to avoidance of social interactions or difficulty in building
confidence in interpersonal settings.
5. Impulsiveness (N5) The Raw Score is 18 and T-Score is 55 for Impulsiveness which lies
in the AVERAGE range, indicating that while the subject may occasionally act on impulse,
they generally have a moderate level of self-control. They might occasionally struggle with
resisting temptations, but this is not a significant area of concern compared to other facets of
Neuroticism.
6. Vulnerability (N6) The Raw Score is 16, and the T-Score is 61 resulting in a HIGH score
for Vulnerability suggesting the subject often feels overwhelmed in stressful situations and
may struggle to cope effectively under pressure. They might perceive themselves as helpless
or ill-equipped to manage crises, which could exacerbate feelings of anxiety and self-doubt.
(PS- write the discussion for all the other domains and facets by referring to this format
and the interpretation)
SUMMARY
(Write the summary involving all the domains and not the facets. Mention “further
evaluation is need” for the domains with very high and high scores)
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