REVIEWER FOR ENGINEERING UTILITIES tank molded into a single unit.

Usually used
2 MIDTERM EXAMINATION in tandem with the bidet.
2. Closed Coupled - A water closet where in
MODULE 2
the flush tank is separate but is attached to
Fixtures - are receptacles attached to a plumbing the toilet bowl. It is a two-piece model.
system other than a trap in which water or waste 3. Pail Flush - A water closet comprising only
may be collected or retained for ultimate discharge of a bowl without a flush tank. Flushing
into the plumbing system. action is obtained only through water poured
from a pail or bucket.​ This is used in areas
Types of Fixtures where running water systems are not
1. Water Closet available.
2. Lavatory Water Closet (Types as to Flushing Mechanism)
3. Kitchen Sink / Sink
4. Urinal 1. Flush Tank
5. Bidet 2. Flush Valve
6. Bathtub
Water Close (Types as to Shape)
Water closet - It is a plumbing fixture used to
1. Round Front – It is intended for installation
receive human excremental and to discharge it
on a limited space.
through a waste pipe, using water as a conveying
2. Elongated Front – It is more comfortable
medium.
but occupies a larger space.
- Water closets are classified according to
Water Closet (Types as to Installation)
design, make, flushing mechanism, shape
and installation. 1. Free Standing (Floor Mounted)
2. Wall Hung (Wall Mounted)
Water Closet (Types as to Design)
Lavatory – It is a fixture designed for the washing
1. Siphon Washdown - The least expensive
of the hands or face. It is also known as wash basin.
but the​ noisiest; only small amount of
standing water susceptible to fouling, Types of Lavatory
staining and contamination.​ It is
1. Wall-hung Lavatory – Is a type of lavatory
mechanically satisfactory and is lower in
sink that is mounted on the wall.
price. Hence, it is widely used and entirely
2. Pedestal Lavatory - Pedestal sinks are
acceptable where price is the main
composed of two pieces: the pedestal (i.e.,
consideration.
the "leg") and the sink basin. Pedestal sinks
2. Siphon Jet - The jet being submerged
are better suited to some types of bathrooms
introduces its water underwater so that its
over others. For starters, they work perfectly
operation is entirely muffled.​ It has a large
in any bathroom where space is limited.
amount of standing water to prevent fouling.
3. Counter-type Lavatory
It is mechanically efficient but expensive.
4. One-piece Lavatory
3. Siphon Vertex - This type of bowl develops
its flushing action through the water entering Lavatory (Types of Faucet)
through diagonal holes around the rim which
creates a swirling action which forms a 1. Center Set - A center set a faucet works
vortex in the center.​ It is considered to be with both single-hole and 3-hole basins; this
the most quiet, most efficient and most is an easy-to-install option. This style
sanitary water closet. features a deck plate that contains the handle
4. Reverse Trap - The trap way located at the and spout in one plate.
rear of the water closet eliminated the bulge 2. Widespread - Widespread faucets require
at the front.​ The design and appearance of holes with a range of 8-inch to 16-inch
the bowl plus its large water area and centers. Also known as non-deckplate
quietness in operation, make it desirable faucets, widespread faucets are the most
than siphon wash down. popular option.
3. Kitchen Sink – It is a plumbing fixture
Water Closet (Types as to Make) usually consisting of a basin with a water
supply, connected with a drain.
1. One-piece - The water closet fixture is
a. Single bowl, single drain
manufactured with the bowl and the flush
b. Double bowl, single drain
c. Double bowl, double drain
 d. Triple bowl Plug - is closed on one end with male threads or no
e. Corner sink threads for a solvent weld connection. It is also used
4. Urinal – A sanitary fixture equipped with to seal ruin pipe.
water supply and drain for flushing away
Cleanout Plug - can be added to a tee at the base of
urine.
a vertical drainpipe. The plug is​ threaded for easy
a. Wall-hung urinal
access to the drain. The threaded fitting for the plug
b. Pedestal urinal
can be added on, or some tee fittings have the
c. Stall urinal
threaded connection built in.
d. Trough urinal
5. Bidet – It is a plumbing fixture used for Coupling - connects two lengths of pipe. Has
washing the middle part of the body, female thread on both ends (for galvanized pipe) or
especially the genitals. It is also known as no threads (for copper, PVC and other solvent-
the Sitz Bath. welded pipe).
6. Bathtub - It is a tube for bathing, usually a
fixed plumbing installation designed for one Reducer Coupling – joins two different sizes of
person. It is available in left outlet and right pipe.
outlet. Adapter Coupling - joins two different types of
OTHER TYPES: connection types, such as threaded​ and solvent
weld.
1. Slop Sink – A deep sink, usually set low and
used by janitors for emptying pails of dirty Repair Coupling - or mender coupling, has no
water and mop cleaning. center stop so two lengths of pipe can be fastened
2. Drinking fountain – A fixture consisting of together. Use on unthreaded lengths of pipe.
a shallow basin, together with a water jet Elbow – changes the direction of the pipe usually at
designed to provide potable water for human 45°, 90° or 22-1/2° angle. Most common are elbows
consumption. with female threads or solvent welds on both ends.
3. Laundry tub – A deep wide sink or but
used for washing clothes. It is also known as Street Elbow – has a female end on one end and a
Laundry Tray or Set Tub. male end on the other. Also available for solvent
4. Shower bath – An apparatus for spraying welded products.
water on the body, usually from above. Sweep – is a type of elbow that has a longer curve
Drain is through the shower bath floor drain. for a more gradual bend. Available in long or short
5. Scrub sink – A plumbing fixture usually versions.
located in the operating room in a hospital to
enable personnel to scrub their hands prior Reducing Elbow – change the size of the pipe.
to a surgical procedure; the hot and cold Straight Tee – all tee has three female openings in a
water supply is activated by a knee-action T shape. It has the same size openings.
mixing valve or by wrist or pedal control.
Reducing Tee – has two openings of same sizes and
Notes on Shower Receptor (NPC 1999) one of a different size.
1. Each shower receptor shall be constructed to Sanitary Tee – is used in waste lines. They have a
have a finished dam, curb or threshold of at curved branch designed for a cleanout plug and are
least 25.4mm lower than the outside floor. designed to prevent obstruction of waste.
2. The dam or threshold shall not be less than
51mm nor more than 228mm in depth, when Cross Tee – has four female openings of equal sizes.
the measured from the top of the dam or Cleanout Tee – has a threaded opening to be used
threshold to the top of the drain. in conjunction with a threaded plug for a cleanout
Fittings (Shape of Fittings) opening on a drainpipe.

Cap - is closed on one end with female threads or Wye Bend Tee – has three female openings. Two
no threads for a solvent weld connection. Solvent are straight in a line; the third is at a 45° angle.
weld connection is used for unthreaded plastic pipe. Nipple - Any length of pipe that is less than 12” and
Bonded with cement that is compatible to the type used to extend a run of pipe. Usually available in
of plastic being connected. It is used to seal a ruin increments of 1”, from “close” (the shortest length,
pipe. where threads​ almost touch) to 12”. Longer
lengths of pipe are considered “cut lengths” and are
available in 24” increments.
Floor Flange - Connects a pipe to a wall, floor or 1. Whirlpool Bathtub - The most significant
any flat surface. Flanges are threaded onto pipe and feature of these bathtubs which set them
tightened. Four screw holes allow the flange rim apart from the rest is that they have water
to​ attach to a flat surface. motor jet installed, which rotates the water
in the bath for relaxation and massage.
Closet Flange – is made to connect toilets to drain
2. Kohler Numi Toilet – tankless integrated
and vent systems. The adjustable ring on some
design, remote-controlled, auto-open seat,
closet flanges allows for easier toilet alignments.
auto-flush, controlled seat temperature.
Offset Closet Flange – that is used when the 3. Iota Folding Toilet – unique folding design
drainpipe has been incorrectly positioned. to accommodate space; water reducing
technology.
Drop Ear Elbow - Also known as a wing elbow.​ 4. Waterfall Sink – temperature control
Drop ear elbow provides a rigid installation for technology, joystick control, controllable
mounting an elbow to a wall. Usually used for sink.
installing a shower arm or washer hose valve. Some
variations of the drop ear elbow include fittings that
can transition from plastic to​ brass or copper.
Bushing - Inserted inside a coupling to reduce the
size of the pipe. Any number of reductions can be
made to reduce and couple to another size of pipe.
Male threaded on one end with a smaller diameter
female thread on the other.
Union – A three-part fitting that connects any
standard size pipe where it may be necessary to
disconnect later, such as on a water heater. Connects
to male threaded ends.
Transition Union – joins different types of tubing,
such as CPVC to brass.
Saddle Tee - Joins a smaller drainpipe to a larger
one, such as a 1-1/2” pipe to a 3” pipe. Used when
installing a drain on existing plumbing. Saves the
labor of cutting and rejoining​ the main pipe.
Some types are made for joining a PVC pipe to a
cast iron drain.
PVC – used as a cold water supply pipe in many
counties around the world because of the low price
and ease of installation.
CPVC – Used as a hot/cold water supply pipe in
many countries around the world because of the low
price and ease of installation.
P-Trap – Used at each plumbing fixture to prevent
sewer gasses from escaping by keeping a water seal
in the trap.
Clean-Out – Must be installed to allowed cleaning
of the drainage system.
Accessories
1. Soap holder
2. Paper holder
3. Toothbrush and tumbler holder
4. Towel holder bar
5. Seat cover
Modern Plumbing Fixtures