Scribd
Upload
40 views13 pages

PGD

The document discusses various aspects of plant growth and development, including the roles of different plant growth regulators (PGRs) such as auxins, gibberellins, and cytokinins. It highlights concepts like meristematic growth, differentiation, and the effects of environmental factors on flowering and growth patterns. Additionally, it touches on the physiological effects of these hormones and their applications in agriculture and horticulture.

Uploaded by

vedantap2358
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF or read online on Scribd
40 views13 pages

PGD

The document discusses various aspects of plant growth and development, including the roles of different plant growth regulators (PGRs) such as auxins, gibberellins, and cytokinins. It highlights concepts like meristematic growth, differentiation, and the effects of environmental factors on flowering and growth patterns. Additionally, it touches on the physiological effects of these hormones and their applications in agriculture and horticulture.

Uploaded by

vedantap2358
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 13
plantsretin the capa ry Unlimited growth i iit (ited grat hough ie (itd growth throughout heir ie 14 Limited growth in initial years (2 gcotyledonous plants tateral mer ceambiam appeae= G2 Fromthe beginning {b) tnembryoniestaze {c) Laterstagei fe (5) tmeatly tage butnot interstage 1 ingle maize root apical meristem cam onc emorethan nev cells per heut (a) 7500 () 1700 (@) 13300 (@) 17300 (© Mhina dorsiventralleafis expressed as- {a) Increaseinsurface area (6) Increasein length {¢) Increasein number {@) Incresein sizeofcell Clisofrootapex and shoot apex contains {@) Abundance of protoplasm and lrge conspic aucel {b) Noprotoplasm | (@) Abundance ofp {@) Noprotoplasmand small nuclei Increased vacuolation, cell enlargem call wall deposition are the characteristics 0 cellofwhich phase? (@) Meristematicphase (6) Elongation phase (©) Maturation phase (@) Alloftheabove During diferentiation, structural changes in their__and_ | (e) Cellmembrane, protoplasm (b) Cell walls cell membrane (©) Cytoplasm, protoplasm (@) Celiswalis, protoplasm Formation of interfaseicular cambium and wr cambium and je ae eu put large conspicuous nuclei rotoplasm and small nuclei vent and a qa ambjum are the examples of - (9 Difeentation (b) Dedifereniation | | (¢) Redifferentiation (©) Redeiereniaton uxins was first isolated from ~ (@) Herring sperm DNA ©) Afings (©) Tobacco stem (@ Haran rine hich of the following PGR promo’ ‘mobilisation? aie (®) Auxing (© Cytokinin (b) Gibberellin (4) Ethylene ‘cork suoUs ifthe cells undergo few to major cork rient gymnosperms, the Q.12 Qus Quis Qué Qu7 Quis 15, Plant Growth and Dy evelopment Ni Wo 6) Dierenttonplosrdireiation (6) Sumoutofgrwthand aieeation (6) Abalueyrowth (@ Relative rowbrae way (a) Dsayed thesenessene (0) Breaks the dormaney of storage organs and induces germination in peanut seeds - © Reman inthe cont of apical | (4 Promotes hem anspor Abscion- (@) Isnatural separation of plant parts | (@) Zonehastwodisint ayers (0) Zone hassubezedendlgiedprotetveaer (@) Allortvese Shoat growth regulators which inhibit and | roam ihtermattonfltera shoo reps | {@) Aoxin gibberellins | (b) Cytokinin, ethylene | (0) Obberalin abscisic @ Avxineytotinin Incarrecttatementis- (a) Aus ace in mmovernt (y) 2edand 7 $are ws weeds (©) GA, was one oft Givavered andreas studied common form | (6) Cytokinin was isolated rom heting sper DNA ed yeast ces and seas named Kintin a Furfurylaminoperine) Inmost ofthesystems~ (@) Growthratcisarithmetic (() Growthratcis geometric free state and exhibit polar 1 killingbroadleaved the first gibberellins 10 be ine most intensively © ea gh 2 Tenet Cicer ri TEA ct «3 Ree Meine #2 ae do atestawcisgeet wy itn nse Art tiareo . (Gedy ot in i cect «mater eae ey —— © serene © scan ith ont Same 7 NEET anuechig Word to Word Qu Consider the flowing diagram and identity the Q.25 connect opto Tae [ome ae [in af Lea i Sent 0.26 wf sem [ies | sear “fe dpa — Wire| 1S en] TO Boltingis- (a) Substutionofcold treatment (b} Sudden elongation in internodes. just before flowering (©) Production of nae fowers (6) Unequal distibution of ausins on illuminated and dark sides Q21 Objective of decapitation (removal of shoot ips in fea plantations and in hedge making) is parallel w- (@) Avwins (©) Gibberettins {© Cotokinins |) Maichytazide yg Q22 Selec odd one out with respect to physiological effects of plant growth regulator which is biosynthesized from tryptophan (@) Inhibits the growth af the aillary buds (©) Also induce partonocarpy in tomatoes 028 (6) Leads tocarly seed production in conifers (4) Widely usedas herbicides 23 Which one of te following plants cannot flower it the duration of ight exposure is less than ert photo-period? (2) Shortnght plans (SNPs) (b) Longnightplanis(LNPs) (6) DNPs (a) SbPs Q30 7 Qat ‘most relevant in context Qa (®) Growth at a cellular level, is princip ‘consequence of increase in th protoplasm ally amount of rei gl (e) Theseare the meisemsthatcausethgg (4) Growth of a pollen tube is meanest itstength retin ty Ausinwasisolated by - (2) Darin fom coleopite oanary ga | Ail 4 (by FAW. Went from ti sealings (€) Skoog from tobacco stem callus (4) Cousin fom ripened oranges a POF coleopies ARR aay ALE its ta Growth pattern shown above canot be wel ‘explainthe growth of- (@) Bacteriaintab () Roadside lant (©) Crop growinginaresearch field @) Insect during rainy season Which of the fottowing is used to speed opt malting processin brewing industry? (@) NAA (©) BAP © GA, (@) ABA ‘Which hormone is derived from pigmett plants? (a) ABA (0) GA © cH, (Ok Sy ‘What conditions are required fr era! plans? (@) Low temperature, CO, meristencels (b) Low temperature, O,,Leat (©) Optimumtemperaure. 0. messin {@) Lowtemperatre, Omeristemcel ay Growing apical bud inhibit the grok ee) bud, but by spraying a hormone formation ear’ erate. can 30 ‘which homoneis this (2) Awsi (6) Cywoinin ' (©) Gibberetins Choose odd one with respect to strust™® ‘rough deditferentiation- (@) Corkeambian () Inierseiculareambium (6) Lateralmersitem (4) Invereatary meristem «aura Site of perception of light/dark urs Aloweringis- (a) Leaves {©} Embryo a (b) Buds (@) Merisen © Sermo (© samed wih ont ene it a) 036 Qa7 alting Q.a0) ve ptochrome that = ° also responsible process in bre try A. Initates rooting in ste ‘ B. Increase chloroplast in leaves tes root I on leconifirs Q.4l . Hasten gation just prior , Promotes int toflowering ay AKC (b) BED () DSE () BRE In which of the following options the PGR is correctly matched with its two functions? Absesieacid 1 induces immedi closurein leaves 2) induce rooting inanwig 1) Bolting in rosette plant 2) Spoedup the malting process inbrewing industry 1) Delay eafsenescence 2) Comirolsxylem differetiation @ Awin 1) Used to kill manocatyledoncus weeds 2). Promotes nutrient mobilization Plant growth regulators are broadly grouped into two categories on the basis of function. Which {growth hormones fitseither of groups? (@) Auxin (b) Cytokinin (©) Gibberellins (4) Ethylene ‘The growth pattern during development of ‘embryo from zygote in plants is- stomatal az wl (61 Gibbet (©) Ethylene 43 (@) Geometric growth only Qa (©) Arithmetic growthonly (©) Fistgeometric thenarithmetic (@) Firstarithmeticthen geometric Select correct match with respect to plant growth regulators Colueaa Column It A. Mobilisation ofmutrients 1) Auxin 2. Eradication of weeds 2) Cytokinin ©. Stopscambiumactivity 3) GA, D. Boltingeffect 4) ABA m * & © PD ® 2 7 4 ® 2 7 3 4 © 1 2 3 4 @ 4 4 3 2 ‘hich ofthe following is odd with respect «9 the @.45 Parameters of growth measurements? 4 Dryweight (b) Number ofeells Freshweigh (a) Typesofeclls Whieh ofthe fot a drag the flowing oad with respet tc NSE, sod with espect othe | siteofeytokinin synthesis? C4) Ripening fruits | (9) Rootapices (e) Young tis {a}, Developingshoo! buds During photopeviotsm, the hy substance migrates from inducing lover —_ {@) Roots, Leaves (6) Leaves, Shoot apives (6) Shoot apices, Leaves (4) Rootapiees, hoot apices Which ofthe following isa correct sequence of the developmental processina plant? (a) Differentiation — Senescence -> Expansion —> Division vision -> Senescence -> Differentiation —> Expansion (©) Division —> Expansion — Diflerentition > Senescence (2) Expansion > Differentiation > Division > Senescence Which of the following events in plants isare affected by interaction of more than one plant growth regulators? (@) Dormancy insceds/ buds (©) Abscission and senescence (©) Apical dominance (@) Alloftheabove hormonal for w Mateh the following~ i Phytohormone Funetion A [Auxin @ [Thinning in cowon| B [Gibberellian | b [Stress hormone ¢|cytokinin [Lateral growth of |shoot DIABA d [Bott BE [Ethylene @ [Root initiation in stem cuttings (a) A-a,B-b,C-c, Ded, Boe (b) A-e,B-d,C-c,D-b, Ea Bs ngseedsare= i (a) Treated wth low t | (b) Treated with high light {o) Treated fry with high temperature, then Low tempera | (Treated with high temperature soon after Low temperature treatment ‘the flowering in short day plants, does not take place when Osorno ee (© scane ith ont Samer WEE (a) The critical photoperiod is interrupted by d {b) Anuninterrups K period ispres h ofthe Following pairis correct Bakane=Darwin (6) Cousing Skoog GA (@) Kurosawa age (6) The vtical dark periods interrupted by red light ; a (a) The critical dark period is interrupted by far red Q.56 ofthe following growth regula fy re a a a he diagram given below shaded part represents~ promote the abscission of older mature O47 Inthediag elow shaded part repre brome ureter . (a) Aux (6) GA i Sreted (©) ABA (a) Ethylene Qs7 and __ show antagon eet ing apical dominance but synergistic efecto differentiation - setineney I (a) Cytokininand Ethylene (a) Deadetls (0) Permanenttissue @) Auxinand Cytokinin (©) Meristematiccells (a) Lignificd cells (6) Gibberellinand Cytokinin Qa8__ The simplest expression of arithmetic growth is (d) ABA and Ethytene @ "7 cexamplified Q.58 Which of the following y ot included (a) Root elongation increasing rate response shown by ethylene? = (b) Root elongation at constant rate (a) Horizontal growth of seedling (©) Early zygotic growth (b) Swelling ofthe Axis (@) Alltheabove (©) Apical hook formation in dicot seedling Q49 The phenomenon which prevents precocious (@) Promotion ofmale flower reproductive development late in growing season Q.59 and enables the plant to have sulficient times t0 CS reach maturity, is? Y (@) Photoperiodism —(b) Veralisation (©) Senescence (@) Abscission . Q.50 Quantitative comparisions between growth of the living systems can be made by - beat, fea B (@) Absolute growthrate Initial size of lea A & leaf B was 10 em’ & 100ca" (©) Relative growth rate respectively. Both leaves A.& B are ncresetier (c) Exponential growth rate area by 10 cm’ in a given time to produce A'& | (@ Boiniay&(b) leaves. Select incorrectstatement. | QSI_ Regarding to conditions for growth in flowering (a) Absolute growth in both leaves areequal plants which of the follo incorrect? (b) Relative growth in leafB is higher than leaf’ (@) Oxygen is required for sufficient energy (6) Leaf’ increases to double ofitssize | production (@) Growth rate in leaf Bis 10% sal ' (b) Water status ofell should be healthy Q.60 Which one ofthe following is nota rediferen (©) Level of Essential elements should also be tissue? appropriate (@) Cork (b) Secondary onex (@) DNAcontentofeel should behigh (©) Secondary xylem (d) Phellogen Select out the incorrect match Q61 ABA helps seeds to withstand desiccation (a) Indole compounds—NAA factors unfavourable for growth by inducing (©) Adenine derivatives ~Cytokinin (2) Dormancy (0) Development (©) Carotenoid derivatives Ethylene (©) Maturation (8) Germination age || (@) Terpenes-GA Q.62 From which fruit, Cousins eontirmed the | 253. Which ofthe following isnot a growth promoting of a volatite substance that hastened the activity of plant growth regulators? of stored uaripened bananas? (a) Cell division (@) Ripenedoranges (b) Unripened orate (b) Pattern formation (©) Ripenedmangoes (d) Unripened ma" (6) Seed germination 63 (@) Abscsion o Q54 Select out the odd one with respect ta discovery of co plant growth regulators? oho (a) Coleoptile of oat—Auxin () Bakanediscase—GA coro t | (6) Yeastextract~cytokinin it (@) Ripened Grapes. Ethylene Read the following statements with above growth pattern, © srt otsee (© scane ith ont Samer ast as Ms Qe Qe y aches that to die and coatinne 73 om {nde atisconsanhrowghout the ine owth rate is depend upon the size of select the correct Ba fare comoct (6) ii iat cornet Qa {6 ii iiareincorect (4) Only iis incorrect Mchcoluin-tand colunan-tT:= Colum! Column-tt Canin. Overton theapical dominance Q.75 4 Stokinin (i) Breakseed and bud dormancy f. Bthylene (i) Closing ofstomata 4. ABA .) Promote flowering in pineapples (@) sivbiciigdiii (b) ai,bi on Gaivbiclidi @) vib; Gastant growth ratein root and shoot elongation anmathematically expressed 35~ (@) L=L" (b) W,=We © UrLen @) WiWere! When a plant receive proper light/dark dur then hormone migrate from leaves to shoot ‘picesforinducing lowering. Find that hormone= (@) Verain () Florigen (6) Auxin @ GA Which of the following plant growth regulators 278 helping the plants to increase their absorption surface? (@) ABA (b) Auxin a7 (©) Ethylene (d) Gibberellin (i) It affects flowering either quantitatively or qualitatively. (i) Itreduce lifespan ofthe plants. Hl prevent precocious reproduc evelopment ate in growing season, (io Percepionsiteisdividingtssue. 0 (0) t cam be observed in both annual and biennial plants Which ofthe above statements are correct with rhein ieee ey econ Q.81 bikie vonly {9 iia vonly (@) iiiv& vonly ‘vironmental heterophyllyisobservein- (9) Coton (b) Coriander (© Laispur (@) Buttercup oconut milk factoris- sr () Avxin (b) Gibbereltin (9 Abseieadid _(@) Cytokinin wtotropie curvature is the result of uneven nti curvature the reslt of w (auc Gibbereli (9 Pyne an ® pokinins Joni ome of the folowing is a gaseous plant @ owe (b) Gibberlin (@) Abscisicacid Which ane of the following pairs, is not correctly (a) IAA. Xylem differentiation (b) Abscisicacid ~ Stomatal closure {(@) Gibberelicacid Leaf fall (@) Cytokinin Cell division Call elongation in internodal regions of the green plants (akes lace due to (0) Cytokini (b) Gibbereltins (©) Ethylene {«) Indole scot cid Which of the following structures show unlimited growth inplants? (@) Leaves (b) Flowers (©) Fruits (d) Roots | Growth ofanorganis defined as (@) Infinite inereasein size (b) Ineveribleinereas in size (©) Reversible increase insize (@) Infinite and reversibleinerease insize ' Which type of cells have the capacity of self | perpetuation? | {@) Meristematiceels(b) Companion cells (© Sievecells (8) Parenchymacells Inereaseinthegirth of plantisknownas/done by- (@ Primary growth (b) Apicalmerisem | (6) Ineralary meristem (@) Secondary growth | Which of the following is difficult to measure directly? (@) Increasein protoplasm content (b) Increase insurface area (6) Increase in dry weight (@) Increase in volume Deposition of new materials inside the cell wall of cells starts in ~ (a) Meristematicphase (b) Reproductive phase (©) Maturationphase (2) Elongation phase initial phase of growth when growth rate is very slow? (@) Logphase (b) Lagphase (© Stationaryphase (4) Maturation phase ‘What happens to the growth of roots during water logging conditions? (a) Growthisaccelerated (b) Growthisinhibited (6) Growth remains constant (@) First growth isaccelerated and then stops Which of the followingis not a function of waterin plants? (a) Itisresponsibe or cell elongation (b) ttmaintains the turgiity of cells (6) Mactsasasourceofenergy (@) Itprovides medium forenzyratic activites © sermdntotsee (© scane ith ont Samer Which pase of signa curve explis the | CED wae NCEBT shite sili El Word to Word uae J Tosh O81 Which abiotic fictor i not eset reat jmth of 0.88 fhe pant gn satin nln epson (a Water (6) Oxyzen (©) Nutrients ( Light QAS Which factor determines the d tof Oxygen (b) Gravity (©) Temperature (@) Notrients QS Trachei Is do not collapse under ext ductothe presence of - (a) Strong. clastic, lignocellulosic secondary cell wall (b) Thick.ccllulosie primary cell wall (6) Thin. elastic. cellulosic primary cell wall (@) Thick. hard suberised secondary cell wall Plant growth regulators (PGRs) are~ (@) Simple organie substances of different chemical composition (b) Complex organic substances of different chemical composition (€) Simple and complex organie substances of same chemical composition me tension, Qs9 Q87 Q.90 (4) Small organic substances of same chemical composition Read the following statements and cho statement 1 (1) The increased growth per unit time is termed as growth rate i Gi) The growth rate may be arithmetic or geometrical, (ii) In geometrical growth, following mitotic cell | division, only one daughter cell continues to divide while the other differentiates and matures, (iv) In arithmetic growth, both the progeny cells \ following mitotic cell division retain the ability todivide and continue todoso, (%) The simplest expression of arithmetic growth is ‘exemplified by a root elo (vi) Arithmetic growth is j and organs ofa plant, | (@) (),Gi)and(vy Nose Wrong, gating ata constant rae, typical for all cells, tissues 2.93 ‘The constantly dividing cells, both at the root apex and the shoot apex. ‘meristematic phase of yrowth, Fepresent the Heterophylty n (a) The appes aranee of different foe the same (i) The apps 5 OF ea Sy © OF SAM fon oF eng (©) The appearance of same differentplants (d) The appearance of different for same plant Selecta correct match - for OF Hove 4 M$ of fritsong, (8) GA, Early seed production in coniters (©) Cytokinin ~Synehronse fisting (©) Auxin—Overcomessenescence (@) Ethylene Seed maturation anddevelopnen Which of the following phytohorioney Aovivative of carotenoids? (@) Auxin (b) ABA (©) Ethylene (@) Cytokinin (Gii)_ ‘The cells proximal (just next, away from ef tothe zone represent the phase of elongation Further away from the apex, ie. mare roi to the phase of elongation, lies the portion axis which is undergoing the phase o ‘maturation, tv) (The cells inetongaton phase regions Protoplasm, possess large conspicuous mi ‘and eel! wallsare primary in nature. i trcreased vacuolation, cell enlarge? ‘cell wall deposition are the characterises cellsin phase ofmeristematicresion. (vid) The cells of zone of maturation. tt ‘maximum size in terms of wall thickest wi @ @.Giandiv) (©) Gid,Civdand(w) (©) (yand(wiy } @ OC) and(viiy wi Which statement is wrong regarding "| growth? isto | (9 Onplotting the length of the organ ‘linear eurveis obtained. lL Mathematically, itis expressed ss Let © sere (© sane with ont cer at —rERT von “ERT a4 NGFiaa Eeseee iy Move. bth the progeny els allowing fel division tlan the abi x0 vide continue todos. ve pet the parameter of growth inst time ido S-curve, ww we getatypi (0) A sigmoid! curve growing al forall cells, issues and organs of 0 a charaet natura envio istic of living 7 Qi Miso rant ui Thegrowthcanbeeypressedas W, We (av gana (b) Giidand(y) (© (andi) (@) Wand Which of the following statements are true regarding factors affecting growth? {Necessary conditions for growth- Water oxygen ind nutrients (i The plant cells grow in size by cell ent ‘whic in tum requires water, (Gi) Turgdity of cells helps inextension growth {iv) Plant growth and further development is, incmaely inked tthe water status of he plant (0) Water also provides the medium for enzymatic etvities needed foe growth (i) Oxygen helps in releasing metabolic enerey sential for grow activities. (vi) Nutients (macro and mieto essential elements) are required by plants for the synthesis of protoplasm andact as source of energy. (©) (Ci), Gv), (and (vi, (vi) ©) Gi,Gv),(Wipand (wi) © Gi, Gi), Gi) (oJand(vi) @ Allofthese Choose correct statements for plant growth Fegulators: (0) The discovery ofeach ofthe five major groups of PGRshas been accidental Gi) Charles Darwin and his son Francis Darwin ‘observed thatthe coleoptiles of canary grass shows phototropism. Gi) Auxin was isolated by FW. Went fiom tps of

You might also like