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Acute Tonsillitis

Acute tonsillitis is an infection affecting the tonsils, primarily caused by haemolytic streptococcus, and can manifest in various forms such as catarrhal, follicular, parenchymatous, and membranous tonsillitis. Symptoms include sore throat, difficulty swallowing, fever, and earache, while complications may lead to chronic tonsillitis, abscesses, and other serious conditions. Treatment involves bed rest, fluid intake, analgesics, and antimicrobial therapy.

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8 views2 pages

Acute Tonsillitis

Acute tonsillitis is an infection affecting the tonsils, primarily caused by haemolytic streptococcus, and can manifest in various forms such as catarrhal, follicular, parenchymatous, and membranous tonsillitis. Symptoms include sore throat, difficulty swallowing, fever, and earache, while complications may lead to chronic tonsillitis, abscesses, and other serious conditions. Treatment involves bed rest, fluid intake, analgesics, and antimicrobial therapy.

Uploaded by

pharsh98196
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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ACUTE TONSILLITIS

 Primarily, the tonsil consists of,


(i) surface epithelium which is continuous with the oropharyngeal lining,
(ii) crypts which are tube-like invaginations from the surface epithelium and
(iii) the lymphoid tissue.
 Acute infections of tonsil may involve these components and are thus
classified as:
1. Acute catarrhal or superficial tonsillitis
2. Acute follicular tonsillitis
3. Acute parenchymatous tonsillitis
4. Acute membranous tonsillitis
AETIOLOGY:-
 Acute tonsillitis often affects school-going children, but also affects adults.
 It is rare in infants and in persons who are above 50 years of age.
 Haemolytic streptococcus is the most commonly infecting organism.
 Other causes of infection may be staphylococci, pneumococci or H.
influenzae.
 These bacteria may primarily infect the tonsil or may be secondary to a viral
infection.
SYMPTOMS:-
 The symptoms vary with severity of infection.
 The predominant symptoms are:
1. Sore throat.
2. Difficulty in swallowing.
3. Fever
4. Earache
5. Constitutional symptoms
SIGNS:-
1. Often the breath is foetid and tongue is coasted.
2. There is hyperaemia of pillars, soft palate and uvula.
3. Tonsils are red and swollen with yellowish spots of purulent material
presenting at the opening of crypts

FOUNDER: DR. HARSH PRAJAPATI 1


4. The jugulodigastric lymph nodes are enlarged and tender

COMPLICATIONS:-
1. Chronic tonsillitis with recurrent acute attacks
2. Peritonsillar abscess
3. Parapharyngeal abscess
4. Cervical abscess
5. Acute otitis media
6. Rheumatic fever
7. Acute glomerulonephritis
8. Subacute bacterial endocarditis
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS:-
1. Membranous tonsillitis
2. Diphtheria
3. Vincent angina
4. Infectious mononucleosis
5. Agranulocytosis
6. Leukaemia
7. Aphthous ulcers
8. Malignancy tonsil
9. Traumatic ulcer
10. Candidal infection of tonsil
TREATMENT:-
1. Patient is put to bed and encouraged to take plenty of fluids.
2. Analgesics (aspirin or paracetamol) are given according to the age of
the patient to relieve local pain and bring down the fever.
3. Antimicrobial therapy

FOUNDER: DR. HARSH PRAJAPATI 2

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