TEST9

SECTION 1 Question 1 - 10
Complete the table below.
Write ONE WORD AND/OR A NUMBER for each answer

Sports Photography Course Registration

Caller's name: Chris Johnson

How to register: no need for an 2

Cost: 3$
Date available: next course, beginning 4..............
Telephone number 5..............
Requirement: bring two photos of different 6....

Question 7-10
Complete the table below
Write ONE WORD ONLV for each answer.
SECTION 2 Questions 11-20

Questions 11-18
Choose the correct letter A, B or C
11 The Heritage Clothes Exhibition was put together by
A museum staff
B local residents
C clothing manufacturers

12 The photographs show the clothes worn by

A their owners
B professional models
C design students

13 The exhibiton called" Toys from the Past" is

A displayed in a new gallery
B on show for a limited time
C specially aimed at children

14 Visitors to" Toys from the Past" are recommended to

A Play with the toys trains
B look at the all the dolls
C see the board

15 the miniature toys are

A made by the museum
B bought by the museum
C borrowed by the museum.

16 The biscuit factory made tins

A for people all over the word
B of different shapes
C for many famous people

17 people's favourite biscuilt used to be

 A an unsweetened one
B one covered in chocolate
C one filled with cream

18 The hands-on activity allows people to

A make some biscuits
B taste some of the biscuits
C pack a biscuit tin.

Questions 19 and 20

Complete the sentences below

Write NO MORE THAN WORDS for each answer.

19 The gift shop is located beside the ................on the ground floor
20 Free ........ are available for vistors's belongings

PART 3 Questions 21-30

Questions 21-24

Choose the correct letters, A, B or C

21 what is the topic of the research?

A the effect of music on consumers
B the effect of music on eating
C the effect of music on the price of food

22 The research finds out in the restaurant

A the music is played everywhere
B the music is played at a uniform volume level
C the music is played at a certain time
23 The first few questions in the questionnair are
A to understand people's staste in music
B to clarify the research aim
C to disguise the purpose of the survey

24 the questions in the questionnaire came from

A a previous study
B a professional dictionary
C the student herself

Question 25 and 26

Choose Two letter, A- E

Choose TWO are the main reasons given for choosing a restaurant?

A competitors nearby
B enviroment
C transport facilities
D service
E seat capacity
Questions 27-30
What is people's attitude toward playing each for the following music in restaurants?

Choose Four answers from the box and write the correct letter, A-F, next to Question

27-30

People's Attitudes
A people will spend more money in the restaurant.
B people don't even notice the music
C people will come back again
C people don't think the restaurant is worth the price
D people will leave the restaurant right after eating
E people don't like the restaurant at all.

I I

27 no music
28 jazz
29 classical music
30 pop music
Part 4 Question 31-40
Complete the notes below
Write NO WORD ONLY for each answer.

Cube Houses
Background Info rmation
• After World War II, local urban planners wanted to redevelop and revive the
city.
• Altogether, the Cube Houses can function as a 31 .............
• Each Cube building is in the shape of a 32 ..............
• The Cube Houses sit on top of a 33 .......... For pedestrians to the central city.
• During construction, the work was temporarily discontinued because the
designer faced the problem of 34.........

Design Features of the Cube Houses.

• Underneath the houses, there are three pillars made of 35 .......
• A new building is situated between a warehouse and a 36 .............. , of
architecture.
• It is a three- storey building.
- The ground floor is an entrance
- Both the lower level and the top level of each house are in the shape of a 37...
- The first floor has a living room and an open kitchen.
- The medium level has a bathroom and two bedrooms
- The top floor is sometimes used as a small 38......

• Living in the Cube Houses

• There is a nearby market 39...... across the square from the Cube Houses.
• For guests, two advantages of the house are its convenient 40 ...... And
reasonable price.
 TEST9

READING PASSAGE 1
You should spend about 20 minutes on Question 1-13 which are based on Reading
Passage 1 on pages 2 and 3.

The Tuatara of New /ealand

Tuatara are lizard-like reptiles, found only in New Zealand. They are representative
of ancient life forms
Tuatara are the only living representatives of an ancient lineage of reptiles called
Sphenodontia, which is over 250 million years old. Because tuatara still look like
fossils of reptiles that lived during the age of dinosaurs, they are often called living
fossils. Now just two species of tuatara survive, and only in New Zealand. One is
the Brothers Island tuatara which, until recent re-introductions to sanctuaries (safe
places for wildlife), only survived on North Brother Island. The other species is the
common tuatara, which survives on many other offshore islands. Although the
tuatara species appear similar, they have genetic differences. Tuatara bones have
been found in many parts of New Zealand. Where dated, they are usually a few
hundred to 5,000 years old. It is not known whether these bones are from the two
living species or other species that are now extinct.
Many anatomical features distinguish tuatara from other living reptiles - for
example, they have a defining pattern of openings in the skull and a unique type of
haemoglobin in the blood, and males have no external reproductive organ. Adults
are between 30 and 75 centimetres long, and weigh between 250 and 1.200 grams.
Males are larger than females, and have more developed spines in the crest along
the neck, back and tail.
The male tuatara courts the female by approaching her wit h a proud walk. Tuatara
mate in late summer, and the female usually lays 6-10 eggs the following spring, in
a shallow nest at ground level. She may guard the nest for a few nights, then return
to her burrow underground. The eggs incubate for about a year, so hatchlings
emerge about the time that eggs are being laid the following season. Evidence
indicates the gender of tuatara hatchlings is determined by both genetic and
environmental factors. It is said that it is more likely for warmer eggs to produce
male tuatara, and cooler eggs to produce females. The hatchlings receive no
parental care and need to find their own food.
Tuatara live for a relatively long time, reaching reproductive maturity at about 15
years, and may breed for many decades. Their maximum lifespan is not known for
certain, but many tuatara have reached 80 years still looking vigorous and healthy.
Tuatara live in underground burrows and are more active at night, but will come

out during the day to bask in the sun. Both sexes are territorial, and males
aggressively defend their territory by posing and fighting if necessary. Teeth are
their main weapons, and a bite can cause serious injury. Tuatara are carnivorous,
eating invertebrates, lizards and the baby seabirds with which they often share
burrows.
Tuatara were once widespread and abundant on the New Zealand mainland, but
when Polynesian settlers arrived in New Zealand, in about 1250-1300 AD, they
brought with them Pacific rats which killed tuatara. By the time of European
settlement, in the 1840s, tuatara were almost extinct on the New Zealand mainland.
Some islands provided temporary havens, but soon these too began to be invaded
by rats and other mammalian predators.
Gradually tuatara became restricted to 32 nearshore islands. Many of these islands
were tiny, some as small as only one hectare. A few, such as the Poor Knights

common tuatara lives on islands off the north-eastern coast of New Zealand, and
on some islands in Cook Strait. The Brothers Island tuatara survived only on the
of the Brothers Island tuatara have been created on Titi Island in the Marlborough
Sounds, and on Somes Island in Wellington Harbour.
Tuatara can live in remarkably dense populations. Most tuatara islands have 50-
100 tuatara per square hectare - so an island of only 10 hectares may have a
population of hundreds. Larger islands with many seabirds and invertebrates,
which tuatara eat, may have greater densities. The largest population is on
Stephens Island, where there are estimated to be as many as 2,500 per hectare in
some places, and a total of at least 30,000. The total number of tuatara on all the
islands is estimated to be between 50,000 and 100,000.
Legal protection. was granted to tuatara and the islands they occupied in 1895, but
the reptiles continued to decline. Since then, active conservation management has
reversed the decline, and new populations have become established on predator­
free islands. In the mid-1980s the New Zealand Wildlife Service and its successor,
the Department of Conservation, developed ways to eradicate rats from islands.
Rats have now gone from almost all of the tuatara islands, making them safe for
many threatened native species. In addition, the collection by conservationists of
eggs for incubation in captivity, breeding in captivity, and moving tuatara to rat­
Islands off the Northland coast, or Stephens Island in Cook Strait, were never
invaded by rats, and had few of the other mammals that threaten native animals. The
tiny, 4 hectare North Brother Island, in Cook Strait. However, two new populations
free islands, have increased the number of islands that are inhabited by tuatara to
37. Many new tuatara populations are planned for islands and mainland reserves
that have been freed of predators.
Questions 1 - 6
Do the following statements agree with the information given in Reading Passage?
In boxes 1-6 on your answer sheet, write
TRUE if the statement agrees with the information
FALSE if the statement contradicts the information
NOT GIVEN if there is no information on this
1. The two living species of tuatara look alike
2. Many of the tuatara bones that have been found are millions of years old.
3. The tails of male tuatara are a different colour from the tails of female tuatara.
4. The female tuatara lays eggs in a burrow.
5. There are higher numbers of female hatchlings than males.
6. Once they have hatched, young tuatara have to look after themselves.
Questions 7 - 13
Complete the notes below. Choose ONE WORD AND/OR A
NUMBER from the passage for each answer
Write your answers in boxes 7-13 on your answer sheet.

The tuatara
Lifespan
- maximum lifespan unknown
- many live to at least ?............ years old
Behaviour
- attack other creatures with their 8........
- eat young 9.............. that live in the same burrows, invertebrates and reptiles
Population
- abundant until rats were introduced by 10 ............people
- by the 1840s, hardly any tuatara found on the 11...
- islands off the north-eastern coast and in Cook Strait now home to the
12 ........... tuatara
- Brothers Island tuatara found on North Brother Island
- density of tuatara on Stephens Island is up to 13 .............tuatara for every hectare
Protection of the species
- tuatara population dropped until rats eradicated from islands
- eggs were gathered by the Department of Conservation

READING PASSAGE 2

You should spend about 20 minutes on Questions 14-26, which are based on
Reading Passage 2 below.

THE TASMANIAN TIGER

The Tasmanian tiger, or thylacine, was a carnivorous mars upial (a meat- eating
mammal which carries its young in a pouch). It was given the name "tiger"
because it had striped fur, and because it was ferocious. Between 24 million and 15
million years ago, many types of thylacine roamed across Australia, their powerful
jaws playing a role in maintaining a balance in the ecosystems of their day. Some
species were for sized, while others were barely the size of kittens.
But when a period of climate change cooled Australia about 12 million years ago,
the numbers of these ancient thylacines began to decline. By about 3 million years
ago, only one species was left. About 4,000 years ago, these vanished completely
Australia, was then the last remaining place where thylacines existed. They ruled
the animal life of that island unchallenged until Europeans with sheep, dogs, and a
great indifferent to native flora and fauna, seem to have brought about their
extinction. In 1936, the last captive Tasmanian bush, but no definitive evidence has
been found. Despite this, there are many who keep searching.
In 1981 Dutch - born zoologist Hans Naarding was in Tasmania conducting a
survey of Latham's snipe , a species of endangered bird . One night he saw an
animal in the light from the searchlight mounted on his vehicle . He described as
about the size of a large dog , but with slightly sloping hindquarters and a fairly
thick tail continuing straight on from its backbone . He said that it had 12 distinct
stripes on its back , running down to the point where the tail began . He reported
the sighting to the Director of Tasmania's National Parks . When the news broke ,
said Naarding . ' I was besieged by television crews , including four or five from
Japan , and others from the United Kingdom , Germany , New Zealand and South
America . Government and private search parties combed the region , but no
further sightings were made . The tiger , as always , had escaped to its lair - a place
that many insist exists only in the imagination . Others disagree . There have been
more than 4,000 claimed sightings of the animal since supposedly died out , and
the average number of claims reported to the authorities each year is now 150. So
is it out there ? Even experts differ in opinion.
Randolph Rose , Associate Professor of Zoology at the University of Tasmania ,
says that he dreamed of seeing a thylacine , but is now convinced that his dream
will go unfulfilled . The consensus among conservationists is that any animal with
from the Australian mainland, so that Tasmania, a large island to the south of
a population base of less than 1,000 headed for extinction within 60 years . Sixty
years ago , ' he says , " there was only one thylacine that we know of , and that was
in Hobart Zoo . Take it from me , the tiger is gone . ' But Dr David Pemberton ,
curator of zoology at the Tasmanian Museum states that , despite scientific
thinking that a relatively large number of animals required to sustain a population
the Florida panther is down to a dozen or so animals , and , while it does have
some inbreeding problems , is still ticking along . 'After all , animals can be
notoriously elusive . The strange fish known as coelacanth , with its ' proto legs ' ,
was thought to have died out with the dinosaurs 700 million years ago until a
specimen was dragged to the surface in a shark net off the coast of SouthAfrica in
1938.

Wildlife biologist Nick Mooney has the unenviable task of investigating all so­
called sightings of the tiger. It was Mooney who was first consulted in late
February 2005 about the authenticity of new digital photographic images of a
thylacine allegedly taken by a tourist. On the face value, Mooney says, this
particular account of a sighting and the photographs submitted as proof amount to
one of the most convincing cases for the species survival that he has seen. Many
other sightings have been hoaxes , and many sincere seekers are victims of
obsession . It is a blind optimism that something is , rather than a something isn't ,
" Mooney says . " If something crosses the road , it's not a case of " I wonder what
that was ? " Rather , it is a case of " That's a thylacine ! "
However , Mooney treats sightings on face value . ' I never try to embarrass people
, ' he says .... but the fact that I don't pack the car immediately after they telephone
can taken as ridicule . Obsessive characters get angry that someone in my position
is not out there when they think the thylacine is there .
Hans Naarding , whose sighting of a striped animal two decades ago was the
highlight of a lifetime of animal spotting, remains puzzled by the time and money
people waste on tiger searches. He says resources would be better applied to saying
another endangered animal , the Tasmanian devil , and helping declining migratory
bird populations . Could the thylacine still be out there ? ' Sure , ' Naarding says ' I
know the vast south - west wilderness of Tasmania well . They could survive ...
( But) if this is the case , it will not be long before they do disappear completely .'
Naarding believes that any discovery of surviving thylacines would be rather
pointless ' .' How do you bring a species back from extinction? He asks "what
could you do with it? If there are thylacines out there, they are better off right
where they are.'

Question 14-18
Complete the summary below
Choose NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS ANǪ/OR A NUMBER from the
passage for each answer.
Write your answer in boxes 14-18 your answer sheet.
The thylacine was a dog - like animal which had a 14 ........... coat and was
carnivorous. It was originally spread widely throughout the mainland of 15 ........ ,
but started to disappear from that area around 16 ....... ago because of climate
change.
In the end , thylacines were found only on the island of 17 .............. until the arrival
of 18 ........ with their farming practices brought about a drastic reduction in
thylacine numbers . The last one is thought to have died in Hobart Zoo in 1936.
Question 19-24
Match each statement with the correct person , A , B , C or D. Write the correct
letter , A , B , C or D. in boxes 19-24 on your answer sheet
NB You may use any letter more than once .
19 There is no longer any hope of finding a surviving Tasmanian tiger .
20 It would be preferable not to disturb any surviving Tasmanian tigers .
21 Many who claim to have seen Tasmanian tigers are not objective witnesses.
22 Expert estimates of numbers needed to ensure species survival may be
inaccurate.
23 There is a great deal of international interest in Tasmanian tiger stories
24 Some fresh evidence provided by a visitor to Tasmania seems credible .
 List of People
A Hans Naarding
B Randolph Rose
C David Pemberton
D Nick Mooney

Question 25 and 26

Choose the correct letter A, B , C or D.

Write the correct letter in boxes 25 and 26 on your answer sheet.

25 Hans Naarding's sighting of a Tasamanian tiger resulted in

A the capture of the tiger

B an extensive follow up

C many other sightings.

D the death of the tiger

26 The example of the coelacanth is used to show that

A new animal species are still evolving

B animals can possess surprising physical characteristics

C species of sea animals can be saved from extinction

D opinions regarding extinction of animal species can be mistaken

READING PASSAGE Questions 28 - 40

You should spend about 20 minutes on Questions 28 - 40 which are based on

Reading Passage below.

The Cane Toad in Australia

Paragraph A
The cane toad was introduced into Australia in 1935 to control sugar cane pests in Queensland.
One hundred and one cane toads arrived at Edmonton in June in 1935. Breeding occurred
almost immediately. The cane toad is tough and adaptable, as well as being poisonous
throughout its life cycle, and has few predators in Australia.

Paragraph B
Cane toads are large heavily-built amphibians with dry, warty skin. They have a bony head and
over their eyes are bony ridges that meet above the nose. They sit upright and move in short
rapid hops. Their hind feet have leathery webbing between the toes and their front feet are
unwebbed. Adult cane toads have large swellings - the parotoid glands - on each shoulder
behind the eardrum. Cane toads may be grey, yellowish, olive-brown or reddish-brown, and
their bellies are pale with dark mottling. Average-sized adults are ten to fifteen centimetres long.
The largest female measured in Queensland was twenty-four centimetres long and weighed
one point three kilograms. Male cane toads are smaller and wartier than females. During the
breeding season males develop dark lumps (nuptial pads) on their first two fingers; these help
them cling to a female while mating. Their mating call is a long loud purring trill. Cane toad
spawn is exclusive in Australia. It is laid in long strings of transparent jelly enclosing double
rows of black eggs. The spawn tangles in dense dark masses around water plants, and hangs
in ropy strands if picked up.

Paragraph C
The natural range of cane toads extends from the southern United States to tropical South
Amenca. In 2002, cane toads occurred throughout the eastern and norther half of Queensland
and have extended their range to the river catchments surrounding Kakadu National Park in the
Northern Territory. In New South Wales, they occur as far south as Yamba and Port Macquarie.

Paragraph D
Cane toads tolerate a broad range of environmental and climatic conditions and appear to be
able to adjust and survive in almost any environment system, including sea water for short
periods of time. This to a large extent explains their success in their spreading in Australia.
Cane loads are found in environments ranging from sand dunes and coastal heath to the
margins of rainiorest and mangroves. They are most abundant in open clearings in urban
areas, and in grassiand and woodland.

Paragraph E
Cane toads eat almost anything they can swallow, including pet food, carrion and household :
scraps, but most of their food consists of living insects. Beetles, honey bees, ants, winged
termites, crickets and bugs are eaten in abundance. Marine snails, smaller toads and native
frogs, small snakes, and small mammals are occasionally eaten by cane toads. The
tadpoles of cane toads eat algae and other aquatic plants which they rasp off with five
rows of tiny peg-like teeth. They also filter organic matter from the water.Large tadpoles
sometimes eat cane toad
eggs.

Paragraph F
Cane toads were introduced to Australia to eat French's Cane Beetle and the Greyback
Cane Beetle. The whitegrub' larvae of these beetles eat the roots of sugar cane and kill
or stunt the plants. The Australian Bureau of Sugar Experimental Stations imported
about a hundred toads from Hawail to the Meringa Experimental Station near Cairns.
The toads bred quickly and more than three thousand were released in the sugar cane
plantations of north Queensland in July
1935. At that time, some naturalists and scientists warned of the dangers of liberating
cane toads in Australia. Their protests resulted in a brief moratorium on the release of
toads, but releases resumed in 1936. The protestors were right. Firstly, cane toads
compete for the resources of native animals, like food, which affects native populations.
Secondly, cane toads don't have as many established predators as native animals and
so their population grows quickly. Finally. some native animals who would normally feed
on frogs try to eat toads and get poisoned.

Paragraph G
All stages of the cane toad's life-cycle are poisonous. No humans have died in Australia
from cane toad poison, but overseas, people have died after eating toads and even soup
made from boiled toad eggs. Cane toads are also poisonous to pets. In Hawaii, up to fifty
dogs a year have died after having cane toads in their mouths. Signs of dogs being
poisoned through ingestion include profuse salivation, twitching, vomiting, shallow
breathing, and collapse of the hind limbs.
Death may occur by cardiac arrest within fifteen minutes. A cane toad responds to threat
by turning side-on so its parotoid glands are directed towards the attacker. The poison
usually oozes out of the glands, but toads can squirt a fine spray for a short distance if
they want. The poison is absorbed through mucous membranes such as eyes, mouth
and nose, and in humans may cause intense pain, temporary blindness and
inflammation.
Questions 28 - 33
The reading passage The Cane Toad in Australia 7 has paragraphs (A- G).

From the list of headings below (i - x) choose the most suitable headings for
paragraphs B - G.

Write the appropriate number (I - x) in boxes 28 - 33 on your answer sheeẸ

NB There are more headings than paragraphs, so you will not use them all.

Example Answer

Paragraph A

Diet

iii Effects

IV Danger

V Amval In Australia

Food for Snakes

Viii CapbVlly

IX Distrťbution

X Environmental Impacts

28 Ba�a.graph B

29 Paragraph C

30 Paragraph D

31 Paragl"8ph E

32 Paragraph F

33 Parag,aph G
Questions 34 - 37
Reading Passage 3, The Cane Toad in Australia, has 7 paragraphs (A - G). Which
paragraphs offer inform ation on the following ideas? Wflte the appropriate letters
(A - G) in boxes 34 - 37 on your answer sheet.

34 Male cane toads grow protuberances dunng mating penods.

35 The cane toad's unique way of laymg eggs in Australta.

36 Opposition to the introduction of cane toads 1n Australia

37 The danger of eating cane toad eggs

Questions 38 - 40

Complete each of the following statements (Questions 38 - 40) with words taken
from the box below.

Wnte your answers In boxes 38 - 40 on your answer sheet.

38 When suspended, the eggs of the cane toad resemble

39 Cane toads were lnltOduced into Australia ,n order to stop beetle young
eabng sugarcane

40 Ttie text says that dogs affected by cane toad poisoning may have problems
With