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Abortion

Abortion is categorized into spontaneous (miscarriage) and induced (intentional termination) types. Spontaneous abortion includes various forms such as threatened, inevitable, incomplete, complete, missed, septic, and recurrent abortions, while induced abortion is divided into medical (using medication) and surgical (procedures to remove the pregnancy). The choice of abortion type is influenced by factors like gestational age, medical conditions, legal regulations, and personal preference.

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Marjorie Tarog
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21 views3 pages

Abortion

Abortion is categorized into spontaneous (miscarriage) and induced (intentional termination) types. Spontaneous abortion includes various forms such as threatened, inevitable, incomplete, complete, missed, septic, and recurrent abortions, while induced abortion is divided into medical (using medication) and surgical (procedures to remove the pregnancy). The choice of abortion type is influenced by factors like gestational age, medical conditions, legal regulations, and personal preference.

Uploaded by

Marjorie Tarog
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Abortion can be classified into two main categories: spontaneous abortion

(miscarriage) and induced abortion (intentional termination of pregnancy).


Here are the different types:

1. Spontaneous Abortion (Miscarriage)

Occurs naturally without medical or surgical intervention. Types include:

 Threatened Abortion (bleeding with a closed cervix)

Vaginal bleeding occurs in early pregnancy, but the cervix remains


closed. The pregnancy may continue normally or progress to another
type of abortion.

 Inevitable Abortion (bleeding with an open cervix, pregnancy will not


continue)

Vaginal bleeding is accompanied by cervical dilation, indicating that


the pregnancy will not continue. The fetus and placenta have not yet
been expelled.

 Incomplete Abortion (partial passage of pregnancy tissue)

Some pregnancy tissue has passed, but some remains in the uterus.
This often requires medical or surgical intervention.

 Complete Abortion (all pregnancy tissue expelled)

All pregnancy tissue has been expelled from the uterus. The bleeding
usually decreases, and the uterus contracts back to its normal size.

 Missed Abortion (fetal death without expulsion)

The fetus has died, but the body has not expelled it. The pregnancy
remains in the uterus without any symptoms like bleeding or
cramping for some time.

 Septic Abortion (infection of retained pregnancy tissue)

A miscarriage complicated by an infection of the uterus, often due to


retained pregnancy tissue. This requires urgent medical treatment
with antibiotics and sometimes surgical removal of retained tissue.

 Recurrent Abortion (three or more consecutive miscarriages)

Defined as three or more consecutive spontaneous abortions, often


requiring further evaluation for underlying causes like genetic,
hormonal, or anatomical factors.
2. Induced Abortion (Medical or Surgical Termination)

Intentionally performed to end a pregnancy. It can be further divided into:

A. Medical Abortion (Non-surgical, using medication)

 Early Medical Abortion – Typically done within the first 10 weeks


using mifepristone and misoprostol.

 Misoprostol-only Abortion – Used when mifepristone is unavailable.

 Methotrexate and Misoprostol – Less commonly used, especially for


ectopic pregnancies.

B. Surgical Abortion (Procedures to remove the pregnancy)

 Manual or Electric Vacuum Aspiration (MVA or EVA) – Used up to 14-


16 weeks; involves suctioning out the pregnancy.

 Dilation and Curettage (D&C) – Scraping the uterine lining after dilation
of the cervix.

 Dilation and Evacuation (D&E) – Used for second-trimester abortions,


involving dilation of the cervix and removal of fetal tissue with forceps.

 Induction Abortion – Used in later pregnancy stages by inducing labor


with medications.

The type of abortion depends on gestational age, medical conditions, legal


regulations, and personal preference. Let me know if you need more
details on any type.

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