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Concept of Earthing Systems

The document discusses the importance of earthing systems for protecting individuals working with electrical systems from potential electric shocks. It defines earthing as the process of connecting electrical equipment to the earth to safely transfer excess charge and outlines two types of earthing: neutral earthing and equipment earthing. Neutral earthing connects the system conductor to the earth, while equipment earthing connects non-current-carrying parts of devices to the earth for safety.

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Ranjeet Singh Bisht
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9 views6 pages

Concept of Earthing Systems

The document discusses the importance of earthing systems for protecting individuals working with electrical systems from potential electric shocks. It defines earthing as the process of connecting electrical equipment to the earth to safely transfer excess charge and outlines two types of earthing: neutral earthing and equipment earthing. Neutral earthing connects the system conductor to the earth, while equipment earthing connects non-current-carrying parts of devices to the earth for safety.

Uploaded by

Ranjeet Singh Bisht
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Concept of Earthing Systems

▪ All the people living or working in residential,


commercial and industrial installations,
particularly the operators, and personnel who are in
close operation and contact with electrical systems
and machineries, should essentially be protected
against possible electrification.

▪ To achieve this protection, earthing system of an


installation is defined, designed and installed
according to the standard requirements.
What is Earthing?

The process of connecting metallic bodies of all


electric apparatus and equipment to huge mass
of earth by a wire of negligible resistance is
called earthing.

▪ We have seen that a normal plug consists of 3


pins.
▪ These pins are live, neutral, and earth pins. This
earth pin is the main pin used for transferring extra
charge from devices and thereby protecting the
device.
▪ The pin transfers extra charges to earth through
low-resistance wire avoiding any major shock.
▪ In the event of electrical fault (live wire touches
metal casing), the short circuit current will flow
through human body resulting in severe shock,
which could be fatal.
Fig. 2. Electrical System with Earthing.

▪ In the event of electrical fault (live wire touches


metal casing), the short circuit current will flow to
the ground via the low resistance earth wire.

▪ Even if a user touches the metal casing, no current


will flow through the user due to high body
resistance.
Types of Electrical Earthing
▪ Electrical equipment mainly consists of two
nonconductive parts.
▪ These parts are neutral for electrical equipment
systems or chassis or support structures.

▪ By the earthing of these two non-conductive parts


of the electrical system, earthing can be classified
into two types: neutral earthing and equipment
earthing.

Neutral Earthing
▪ In neutral earth, the system conductor neutral is
directly connected to the earth using a metal
conductor wire.
▪ Neutral grounding is also known as system
grounding. This type of grounding is mainly
provided to the star winding system. For
example, generators, transformers, motors, etc.

Fig. 3. Neutral and equipment earthing

Equipment Earthing
▪ This type of grounding is provided to the electrical
equipment. The non-current-carrying part of the
device, such as a metal frame, is connected to the
earth using conductive wire.

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