Let's break down each of these Python programming questions:

a) If you are trying to print your name, what happens if you leave out one of the quotation marks
and why?
If you leave out one of the quotation marks when trying to print your name (which is a string
literal), you will encounter a SyntaxError.
Why?
Quotation marks (either single ' or double ") in Python are used to define string literals. They tell
the Python interpreter where a string begins and where it ends.
* Missing the opening quote: If you write something like print(My Name'), Python will interpret
print as a function call, but then it will encounter My which it doesn't recognize as a variable or
keyword in that context. It will likely think you're trying to access a variable named My and then
encounter the unclosed string starting with Name'. This will lead to a syntax error because the
interpreter doesn't know where the string began.
* Missing the closing quote: If you write something like print('My Name), Python will recognize
the start of a string with the opening quote. However, when it reaches the end of the line without
finding a closing quote, it doesn't know where the string ends. This results in a syntax error
indicating an unterminated string literal.
Example:
# Correct way
print('Your Name')
print("Your Name")

# Incorrect ways (will cause errors)

# print('Your Name)
# print(Your Name')

b) What is the difference between * and ** operators in Python? Explain with the help of an
example.
The * and ** operators have different meanings depending on the context in Python. Here are
the main differences:
1. Multiplication and Exponentiation (Arithmetic Operators):
* * (Multiplication): When used between two numbers, it performs multiplication.
* ** (Exponentiation): When used between two numbers, it raises the left operand to the power
of the right operand.
Example (Arithmetic):
a=5
b=3

product = a * b # product will be 15

power = a ** b # power will be 125 (5 raised to the power of 3)

print(f"Product: {product}")
print(f"Power: {power}")
2. Unpacking in Function Calls and Iterables:
* * (Unpacking Iterables): When used in a function call with an iterable (like a list or tuple), the *
operator unpacks the elements of the iterable as individual positional arguments. When used in
iterable literals (like lists or tuples), it unpacks the elements of an iterable into the new iterable.
* ** (Unpacking Dictionaries): When used in a function call with a dictionary, the ** operator
unpacks the key-value pairs of the dictionary as individual keyword arguments. When used in
dictionary literals (available in Python 3.5+), it unpacks the key-value pairs of a dictionary into
the new dictionary.
Example (Unpacking):
def greet(name, age):
print(f"Hello, {name}! You are {age} years old.")

person_info_list = ["Alice", 30]

person_info_dict = {"name": "Bob", "age": 25}

# Using * to unpack a list as positional arguments

greet(*person_info_list) # Output: Hello, Alice! You are 30 years old.

# Using ** to unpack a dictionary as keyword arguments

greet(**person_info_dict) # Output: Hello, Bob! You are 25 years old.

# Unpacking in iterable literals (Python 3)

numbers = [1, 2, 3]
more_numbers = [*numbers, 4, 5] # more_numbers will be [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
print(more_numbers)

# Unpacking in dictionary literals (Python 3.5+)

info1 = {"a": 1, "b": 2}
info2 = {"c": 3, **info1} # info2 will be {'c': 3, 'a': 1, 'b': 2}
print(info2)

3. Packing in Function Definitions:

* *args: In a function definition, *args is used to collect any number of positional arguments into
a tuple named args.
* **kwargs: In a function definition, **kwargs is used to collect any number of keyword
arguments into a dictionary named kwargs.
Example (Packing):
def print_all_args(*args):
print("Positional arguments:", args)

print_all_args(1, "hello", 3.14) # Output: Positional arguments: (1, 'hello', 3.14)

def print_all_kwargs(**kwargs):
print("Keyword arguments:", kwargs)
print_all_kwargs(name="Charlie", age=35, city="New York")
# Output: Keyword arguments: {'name': 'Charlie', 'age': 35, 'city': 'New York'}

c) In Python, is it possible to display an integer like 09? Justify your answer.

No, it is not directly possible to display an integer literal as 09 in standard Python.
Justification:
* Leading Zeros for Octal (Python 2): In Python 2, an integer literal starting with a 0 was
interpreted as an octal (base-8) number. For example, 010 in Python 2 would be equal to the
decimal number 8. However, 09 is not a valid octal number because the digits in octal range
from 0 to 7. Trying to use 09 in Python 2 would result in a SyntaxError: invalid token.
* Leading Zeros Not Allowed (Python 3): Python 3 explicitly disallows leading zeros in decimal
integer literals (except for the single digit 0). This change was made to prevent confusion
between decimal and octal numbers. If you try to use 09 in Python 3, you will get a SyntaxError:
leading zeros in decimal integer literals are not permitted; use an 0o prefix for octal integers.
How to achieve a similar visual output (as a string):
If your goal is to display the number 9 with a leading zero for formatting purposes (e.g., in a time
display or a specific output format), you should treat it as a string:
number = 9
formatted_number = f"{number:02d}" # Use f-string formatting to pad with a leading zero
print(formatted_number) # Output: 09

In this case, formatted_number is a string, not an integer. The :02d format specifier tells Python
to format the integer (d) with a width of 2, padding with leading zeros if necessary.
d) Run the commands type('67') and type(67). What is the difference in the output and why?
Let's run these commands and analyze the output:
print(type('67'))
print(type(67))

Output:
<class 'str'>
<class 'int'>

Difference in Output:
* type('67') outputs <class 'str'>.
* type(67) outputs <class 'int'>.
Why the Difference?
The difference arises from the presence of the quotation marks around 67 in the first command.
* '67' (String Literal): When you enclose a sequence of characters within single quotes (') or
double quotes (") in Python, you are defining a string literal. A string is a sequence of characters
used to represent text. Therefore, '67' is treated as the sequence of characters '6' followed by
'7'. The type() function correctly identifies this as an object of the str (string) class.
 * 67 (Integer Literal): When you write 67 without any quotation marks, Python interprets it as an
integer literal. An integer is a whole number without any decimal points. The type() function
correctly identifies this as an object of the int (integer) class.
In summary, the quotation marks are crucial for distinguishing between a textual representation
of a number (a string) and the numerical value itself (an integer) in Python. They are
fundamentally different data types with different properties and operations that can be
performed on them.