TT685II-S

User Manual • Uživatelský manuál •

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Name of Parts

1. Flash Head
2. Built-in Wide Panel
3. Wireless Sensor
4. Focus Assist Beam
5. Sync Cord Jack
6. Type-C USB Port
7. Battery Cover
8. Hotshoe
9. LCD Panel
10. Hotshoe Fixing Buckle
11. External Charging Port

5
Control Panel
11. <MENU> Flash Menu Button
12. Wireless Selection Button
13. Select Dial
14. Set Button
15. ON/OFF Power Switch
16. Test Button/Flash Ready Indicator
17. <ZOOM> Focus Length Setting
18. <MODE> Mode Selection Button
19. Lock Setting
20. <+/->Power Output
21. Function Button 1
22. Function Button 2
23. Function Button 3
24. Function Button 4

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LCD Panel
TTL Autoflash
Zoom: zoom display
Focus length

Automatic High-speed sync

Manual

TTL: TTL
autoflash

Distance indicator
display

Flash exposure
Effective
compensation amount
Flash Range

• The display will only show the settings currently applied.

• The functions displayed above function button 1 to 4, such as SYNC and
<M/A/B/C>, change according to settings status.
• The LCD panel will lighten on when buttons and dials are operated.

M Manual Flash
M: Manual flash

Manual flash output

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Multi Flash
Multi: Stroboscopic flash

Number of flashes

Flash frequency

Radio Transmission Shooting

• Transmitter Unit (TX)

Flash mode

: Radio transmission
wireless shooting

Firing group

Channel

• Receiver Unit (RX)

Receiver
: Receiver icon

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LCD Panel in Three Modes
Attached to the Camera

2.4G Radio Transmission: As a Transmitter Unit

2.4G Radio Transmission: As a Receiver Unit

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What’s in the Box of TT685IIS Kit?

Flash Unit Mini Stand

Protection Case Instruction Manaul

Separately Sold Accessories

The product can be used in combination with the following accessories sold separately,
so as to achieve best photography effects: XProC, X2T-C & X1C TTL wireless flash trigger,
etc.

10
Loading and Unloading the Battery

To unload the battery hold down the battery press compartment and push the battery
downwardly to take it out.

Put 4 batteries in with the correct polarity after opening the battery compartment, then
close and push it to the top.

Tips: When collocated with the optional Godox Flash Power Box PB960, TT685IIS will
have more flash times, shorter recycle time and longer duration.

Attaching to a Camera

Attach the Camera Flash Secure the Camera Flash Detach the Camera Flash
Rotate the hotshoe fixing Rotate the hotshoe fixing Press the button and
buckle to the left and insert buckle to the right until it rotate the hotshoe fixing
the camera flash into the locks up. buckle to the left until it is
camera’s hotshoe. loosened.

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Power Management

Use ON/OFF Power Switch to power the flash unit on or off. Turn off it will not be used
for an extended period of time. Setting as transmitter flash, it will turn the power off
automatically after a certain period (approx. 90 seconds) od idle use. Pressing the
camera shutter halfway or pressing any flash button will wake up the flash unit. Setting
as a receiver flash, it will enter sleep mode after a certain period (adjustable, 60 minutes
by default) od idle use. Pressing any flash button will wake it up.

Disabling Auto Power Off function is recommended when the flash is used off
camera. (C.Fn-STBY)

Receiver Auto Power Off Timer is set to 60 minutes by default. Another option “30
minutes” is available (C.Fn-RX STBY)

Flash Mode—TTL Autoflash

This flash has three flash modes: E-TTL, Manual (M) and Multi (Stroboscopic). In E-TTL
mode, the camera and the flash will work together to calculate the correct exposure for
the subject and the background. In this mode, multiple TTL function are available: FEC,
HSS, second curtain sync, control with Sony camera’s menu screen.

* Press <MODE> Mode Selection Button and three flash modes will display on the LCD
panel one by one with each pressing.

ETTL Mode
Press <MODE> Mode Selection Button to enter E-TTL mode. The LCD panel will display.

• Press the camera release button halfway to focus. The aperture and effective
flash range will be displayed in the viewfinder.
• When the shutter button is fully pressed, the flash will fire pre-flash that the
camera will use to calculate exposure and flash output the instant before the
photo is taken.

FEC: Flash Exposure Compensation

With FEC function, this flash can adjust from -3 to +3 in 1/3 stops. It is useful in situations
where minor adjusting of the TTL system is needed based on the environment.

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 Press the <+/-> button. Set the flash exposure Press Set Button again to
The flash exposure compensation amount. confirm the setting.
compensation amount will • Turn the Select Dial
be highlighted on the LCD to set the amount.
panel. • “0.3” means 1/3
step, “0.7” means
2/3 step.
• To cancel the flash
exposure
compensation, set
the amount to “+0”.

High-Speed Sync
High Speed Sync (FP flash) enables the flash to synchronize with all camera shutter
speeds. This is convenient when you want to use aperture priority for fill-flash portraits.

Press Function Button 2 Press MENU or Fn button on SONY

< > so that < > is displayed. camera to enter Flas Mode and choose
Fill-flash, then set the camera hutter.

• If you set a shutter speed that is the same as or slower than the camera’s
maximum flash sync speed < > will not be displayed in the viewfinder.
• With high-speed sync, the faster the shutter speed, the shorter the effecitve flash
range.
• To return to normal flash press < > button again. Then < > will disappear.
• Multi flash mode cannot be set in high-speed sync mode.
• Over-temperature protection may be activated after 15 consecutive high-speed
sync flashes.

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Second-Curtain Sync
With a slow shutter speed, you can create a light train following the subject. The flash
fires right before the shutter closes.

Choose REAR flash mode in the settings of Sony camera.

M: Manual Flash

The flash output is adjustable from 1/1 full power to 1/256th power in 1/10th stop
increments. To obtain a correct flash exposure, use a hand-held flash meter to
determine the required flash output.

Press <MODE> button so Press <+/-> to choose Press Set button again to
that <M> is displayed. power, then turn the confirm the setting.
Select Dial to choose a
desired flash output
amount.

Optic S1 Secondary Unit Setting

In M manual flash mode, press <S1/S2> button so that this flash can function as an optic
S1 secondary flash with optic sensor. With this function, the flash will fire synchronously
when the main flash fires, the same effect as that by the use of radio triggers. This helps
create multiple lighting effects.

Optic S2 Secondary Unit Setting

Press <S1/S2> button so that this flash can also function as an optic S2 secondary flash
with optic sensor in M manual flash mode. This is useful when cameras have pre-flash
function. With this function the flash will ignore a single “preflash” from the main flash
and will only fire in response to the second, actual flash from the main unit.

• S1 and S2 optic triggering is only available in M manual

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Multi: Stroboscopic Flash

With stroboscopic flash, a rapid series of flashes is fired. It can be used to capture
multiple images of a moving subject in single photograph.
You can set the firing frequency (number of flashes per sec. expressed as Hz), the
number of flashes, and the flash output.

Press <MODE> button so that <MULTI> is displayed.

Set the flash frequency and flash times.

• Press the Function Button 2 <Times> to select the flash times. Turn the Select Dial
to set the number.
• Press the Function Button 3 <Hz> to select the flash frequency. Turn the Select
Dial to set the number.

• Turn the Select Dial to choose desired flash output. After you finish the setting,
press Set Button and all the settings will be displayed.

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Calculating the Shutter Sped
During stroboscopic flash, the shutter remains open until the firing stops. Use formula
below to calculate the shutter speed and set it with the camera.

Number of Flashes / Flash Frequency = Shutter Speed

For example, if the number of flashes is 10 and the firing frequency is 5 Hz, the shutter
speed should be at least 2 seconds.

To avoid overheating and deteriorating the flash head, do not use stroboscopic flash
more than 10 times in succession. After 10 times, allow the camera flash to rest for at
least 15 minutes. If you try to use stroboscopic flash more than 10 times in succession,
the firing might stop automatically to protect the flash head. If this camera happens,
allow at least 15 minutes rest for the camera flash.

• Stroboscopic flash is most effective with a highly reflective subject against a dark
background.
• Using a tripod and remote control is recommended.
• A flash output of 1/1 and 1/2 cannot be set for stroboscopic flash.
• Stroboscopic flash can be used with “bulb”
• If the number of flashes is displayed as “-”, the firing will continue until the
shutter closes or the battery is exhausted. The number of flashes will be limited
ah shown by the following table:

Maximum Stroboscopic Flashes

Flash Output / Hz

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Flash Output / Hz

Wireless Flash Shooting: Radio (2.4G) Transmission

• The TT685IIS attach to the camera is called the transmitter unit, and a TT685IIS
that is wirelessly controlled is called the receiver unit.
• You can also wirelessly control the TT685IIS set as the receiver unit with the
transmitter X1T-C (sold separately). For details on setting the transmitter unit
functions, see the transmitter’s intrucstions.

Using a flash (transmitter/receiver) with a radio transmission wireless shooting function

make It easy to shoot with advanced wireless multiple flash lighting, in the same ways as
TTL autoflash shooting.

The basic relative position and operation range are as shown in the picture. You can
then perform wireless TTL autoflash shooting just by setting the transmitter unit to
<TTL>.

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Positioning and Operation Range (Example of wireless flash shooting)
• Autoflash Shooting with One Receiver Unit

TRANSMITTER

RECEIVER

Transmission distance is about

100m.

• Use the supplied mini stand to position the Receiver unit.

• Before shooting, perform a test flash and test shooting.
• The transmission distance might be shorter depending on the conditions such as
positioning of Receiver units, the surrounding environment and whether
conditions.

Wireless Multiple Flash Shooting

You can divide the Receiver units, into two or three groups and perform TTL autoflash
while changing the flash ratio (factor). In addition, you can set and shoot with a different
flash mode for each firing group, for up to 4 groups.

Auto Shooting with Two Receiver Groups

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Auto Shooting with Three Receiver Groups

Wireless Settings

You can switch between normal flash and wireless flash. For normal flash shooting, be
sure to set the wireless setting to OFF.

Transmitter Unit Setting

Press < > button so that < > is displayed on the LCD panel.

Receiver Unit Setting

Press < > button so that < > or < > displayed on the LCD panel.

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Setting the Communication Channel
If there are other wireless flash systems nearby, you can change the channel IDs to
prevent signal interference. The channel IDs of the Transmitter unit and the Receiver
unit(s) must be set to the same.

Press <MENU> Buton to In C.Fn CH, turn the Select Press the Set Button to
enter C.Fn CH setting. Dial to choose channel ID confirm.
from 1 to 32.

Wireless ID Settings
Change the wireless channels and wireless ID to avoid interference for it can only be
triggered after the wireless IDs and channels of the Transmitter unit and the Receiver
unit are set to the same. Press the <MENU> button to enter C.Fn ID. Press the Set Button
to choose OFF channel expansion shutdown, and choose any figure from 01 to 99.

Scan the Spare Channel

To avoid the interference of using the same channel by others, this function can be
used: enter the C.Fn settings and find the SCAN option. When setting it to START, it will
scan from 1% to 100%. And 8 spare channels will be displayed after the scan is
completed.

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TTL: Fully Automatic Wireless Flash Shooting

Using Automatic Wireless Flash with a Single Receiver Unit

Transmitter Unit Setting
• Attach a TT685IIS camera flash on the camera and set it as the Transmitter unit.
• M/A/B/C can be set as TTL respectively.

Receiver Unit Setting

• Set wireless controlled TT685IIS as the wireless Receiver Unit.
• You can choose A/B/C/D/E

Check the communication channel.

• If the Transmitter unit Receiver unit(s) are set to a different channel, set them to
the same channel.

Position the camera and flashes

• Position the camera and flashes as the picture shows

Check that the flash is ready

• Check that the Transmitter flash ready indicator is lightened.

Check the flash operation.

• Press the Transmitter unit’s Test Button < >
• Then, the Receiver unit will fire. If not, adjust the Receiver unit’s angle toward the
Transmitter unit and distance from the Transmitter unit.

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Using Automatic Wireless Flash with Multiple Receiver Units
When stronger flash output or more convenient lighting operation is needed, increase
the number of Receiver units and set it as a single Receiver unit. To add Receiver units,
use the same steps as setting “automatic wireless flash with a single Receiver unit”. Any
flash group can be set (A/B/C/D/E). When the number of Receiver units is increased and
the Transmitter unit flash firing is ON, automatic control is implemented to make all
groups of flashes fire the same flash output and ensure the total flash output up is to
standard exposure.

• If the Receiver unit’s auto power off function is workable, press the Transmitter
unit’s test button to power it on. Please note that test firing is unavailable during
the camera’s regular metering time.
• The effective time of Receiver auto power off is changeable.
• By making some settings, the auto AF-assist transmitter will not blink after the
Receiver unit’s flash ready indicator is lightened.

Using Fully Automatic Wireless Flash

The FEC and other setting that set on the Transmitter unit will also be appeared on the
Receiver unit automatically. The Receiver unit does not need any operation. Use the
following settings to make wireless flashes according to the same methods with normal
flash shooting.

• Flash Exposure Compensation

About the Transmitter Unit

Use two or more Transmitter units. By preparing several cameras that with Transmitter
units flash attached, cameras can be changed in shooting while keeping the same
lighting source. (Receiver unit).

M: Wireless Flash Shooting with Manual Flash

This describes wireless (multiple shooting) using manual flash. You can shoot with a
different flash output setting for each Receiver unit (firing) group. Set all parameters on
the Transmitter unit.

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 Setting the flash mode to Setting flash output. Taking the picture.
<M> • Press Function • Each group fires at
Button the set flash ratio.
1/2/3/4<M/A/B/C>.
Turn the Select Dial
to set the flash
output of the
groups. Press Set
Button to confirm.

Setting <M> Flash Mode

You can directly operate the Receiver unit to manually set the manual flash or
stroboscopic flash.

1. Setting the Receiver unit.

2. Setting flash mode to <M>
• Press <MODE> button so that <M> is displayed.
• Set the manual flash output.

Multi: Wireless Flash Shooting with Manual Flash

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 1. Setting <MULTI> Stroboscopic flash
• Press <MODE> button so that <MULTI> is displayed.
• Setting the stroboscopic flash.

The Reason & Solution of Not Triggering in Godox 2.4G Wireless

1. Disturbed by the 2.4G signal in outer environment (e.g. wireless base
station, 2.4G wifi router, Bluetooth, etc.)
• To adjust the channel CH setting on the flash trigger (add 10+ channels) and use
the channel which is not disturbed. Or turn off the other 2.4G equipment in
working.
2. Please make sure that whether the flash has finished its recycle or caught
up with the continuous shooting speed or not (the flash ready indicator is
lighten) and the flash is not under the state of over-heat protection or other
abnormal situation.
• Please downgrade the flash power output. If the flash is in TTL mode, please try
to change it to M mode (a preflash is needed in TTL mode).
3. Whether the distance between the flash trigger and the flash is too close or
not (<0.5m)
• Please turn on the “close distance wireless mode” on the flash trigger
• X2 & X1 series: press the test button and hold on, then turning it on until the flash
ready indicator blinks for 2 times.
• XPro series: Set the C.Fn-DIST to 0-30m.
4. Whether the flash trigger and the receiver end equipment are in the low
battery states or not.
• Please replace the battery (the flash trigger is recommended to use 1.5V
disposable alkaline battery).

Other Applications
Sync Triggering
The Sync Cord Jack is a Φ2.5mm plug. Insert a trigger plug here and the flash will be fired
synchronously with the camera shutter.

Auto Focus Assist Beam

In poorly-lit or low contrast shooting environments, the built-in auto focus assist beam
will automatically light on to make it easier for autofocus. The beam will light up only
when autofocus is difficult and get out as soon as the autofocus becomes correct.

If you want to turn off the auto focus assist beam, set the “AF” to “OFF” on the C.Fn
settings.

• If you find the auto focus assist beam does not light up, this is because the
camera has got a correct autofocus.

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 Position Effective Range
Center 0.6~10m / 2.0~32.8 feet
Periphery 0.6~5m / 2.0~16.4 feet

Bounce Flash
By pointing the flash head toward a wall or ceiling, the flash will bounce off the surface
before illuminating the subject. This can soften shadows behind the subject for more
natural-looking shot.
This is called bounce flash
To set the bounce direction, hold the flash head and turn it to a satisfying angle.

• If the wall or ceiling is too far away, the bounced flash might be too weak and
result in underexposure.
• The wall or ceiling should be a plain, white color for high reflectance. If the
bounce surface is not white, a color cast may appear in the picture.

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Creating a Catchlight
With the catchlight panel, you can create a catchlight in the subject’s eyes to add life to
the facial expression.

1. Point the flash head upward by 90°

2. Pull out the wide panel.
The catchlight panel will come out at the same time.
3. Push the wide panel back in.
• Push in only the wide panel.
• Follow the same procedures as for bounce flash.

Notes

• Point the flash head straight ahead and then upward by 90° The catchlight will
not appear if the swing the flash head left or right.
• For maximum catchlight effect, stay 1.5m/4.9ft away from the subject.

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ZOOM: Setting the Flash Coverage
The flash coverage can be set automatically or manually. It can be set to match the lens
focal length from 20mm to 200mm.

In Manual Zoom mode, press the <ZOOM> button.

• Turn the Select Dial to change the flash coverage.
• If < > is displayed, the flash coverage will be set automatically.

If you set the flash coverage manually, make sure it covers the lens focal length so that
the picture will not have a dark periphery.

Low Battery Warning

If the battery power is low < > will appear and blink on the LCD panel. Please replace
the battery immediately

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C.Fn: Setting Custom Functions

The following table lists the available and unavailable custom functions of this flash.

Custom Function Function Setting No. Setting &

Signs Description
m/ft Distance indicator m m
Ft Feet
AF AF-assist beam RX ON ON
OFF OFF
STBY Auto sleep setting ON ON
OFF OFF
RX STBY Receiver auto 60min 60min
power off timer 30min 30min
SCAN Scan the spare OFF OFF
channel START Start to find the
spare channels
CH Channel setting 01~32 Choose channels
from 01-32
ID Wireless ID OFF OFF
01-99 Choose any figure
from 01-99
BEEP Beeper ON ON
OFF OFF
LIGHT Backlighting time 12sec Off in 12 sec
OFF Always off
ON Always lighting
LCD LCD contras ratio -3~+3 7 levels
TX DIST Firing distance 1-100m 1-100m firing
0-30m 0-30m firing

1. Press <MENU> Button until C.Fn menu is displayed. The “Ver x.x” in the top right
corner refers to the software version.
2. Select the custom function No.
• Turn the Select Dial to select the Custom Function No.
3. Change the Setting.
• Press Set Button and Setting No. Blinks.
• Turn the Select Dial to set the desired number. Pressing Set Button will confirm
the settings.
• After you set the Custom Function and press <MENU> button, the camera will be
ready to shoot.
4. In the C.Fn states, long press the “Clear” button for 2 seconds until “OK” is
displayed on the panel, which means the values in C.Fn can be reset.

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Protection Function

Over-Temperature Protection
• To avoid overheating and deteriorating the flash head, do not fire more than 40
continuous flashes in fast succession 1/1 full power. After 40 continuous flashes,
allow a rest time of at least 10 minutes.
• If you fire more than 40 continuous flashes and the fire more flashes in short
intervals, the inner over-temperature protection function may be activated. If this
occurs, allow a rest time of about 10 minutes, and the flash unit will then return
to normal.
• When the over-temperature protection is started is shown on the LCD display.

Number of flashes that will activate over-temperature protection:

Power Output Level / Number of Flashes / ZOOM (mm)

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Number of flashes what will activate over-temperature protection in high-
speed sync triggering mode:
Power Output Level / Number of Flashes / ZOOM (mm)

Other Protections
The system provides real-time protection to secure the device and your safety. The
following lists prompts for your reference:

Prompts on Meaning
LCD Panel
E1 A failure occurs on the recycling system so that the flash cannot fire.
Please restart the flash unit. If the problem still exists, please send
this product to a maintenance centre.
E2 The system gets excessive heat. Please allow a rest time of 10
minutes.
E3 The voltage on two outlets of the flash tube is too high. Please send
this product to a maintenance centre.
E9 There are some errors occurred during the upgrading process.
Please using the correct firmware upgrade method.

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Technical Data
Model TT685IIS
Guide No. (1/1 output, 200mm) GN 60 (m ISO100, in meters)
Flash Coverage 20 to 200mm
Auto zoom (Flash coverage set
automatically to match the lens focal
length image size)
Manual Zoom
• Swinging/tilting flash head (bounce
flash): 0 to 330° horizontally and -
7° to 120° vertically
Flash Duration 1/300 to 1/20000 seconds

Exposure Control
Exposure control system TTL autoflash and manual flash
Flash exposure compensation (FEC) Manual. FEB±3 stops in 1/3 stop
increments
(Manual FEC and FEB can be combined)
Sync mode High-speed sync (up to 1/8000 seconds
first-curtain sync, and second-curtain sync
Multi flash Provided (up to 90 times, 100Hz)

Wireless Flash (2.4G Radio Transmission)

Wireless flash function Transmitter, Receiver, Off
Transmitter groups M,A,B,C
Controllable Receiver groups A,B,C,D,E (E group can be controlled by X
series flash trigger)
Transmission range (approx.) 100m
Channels 32 (1~32)
ID 01~99

Auto Focus Assist Beam

Effective range (approx.) Center: 0.6~10m
Periphery: 0.6~5m

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Power Supply
Power source NI-MH battery (recommended) or LR6
alkaline battery*4
Recycle time 0.1-2.6s (Rechargeable Ni-MH Battery)
Full power flashes About 290 times
Power saving Power off automatically after approx. 90
seconds of idle operation. (60 minutes if
set as Receiver)

Sync Triggering Mode

Sync Triggering Mode Hotshoe, 2.5mm sync line
Working temperature -10°C -50°C

Dimensions
WxHxD 64*76*190mm
Weight without battery 405g
Weight with battery 489g
2.4G Frequency Range 2413.0MHz-2465.0MHz
Max. Transmitting Power 5dbm

Troubleshooting

If there is a problem, refer to this Troubleshooting Guide.

The Camera Flash does not fire.

The camera flash is not attached securely to the camera.

• Attach the camera’s mounting foot securely to the camera.

The electrical contacts of the Camera Flash and camera are dirty.

• Clean the contacts.

The power turns off by itself.

After 90 minutes of idle operation, auto power took effect if the flash is set as
Transmitter.

• Press the shutter button halfway or press any flash button to wake up.

After 60 minutes (or 30 minutes) of idle operation, the flash unit will enter sleep mode if
it is set as Receiver.

• Press any flash button to wake up.

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Auto zoom does not work.
The camera flash is not attached securely to the camera.

• Attach the camera flash’s mounting foot the camera.

The flash exposure is underexposed or overexposed.

You used high-speed sync.

• With high-speed sync, the effective flash range will be shorter. Make sure the
subject is within the effective flash range displayed.

You used Manual Flash Mode.

• Set the flash mode to TTL or modify the flash output.

Photos have dark corners or only parts of the target subject are
illuminated.
The local length of lens exceeds the flash coverage.

• Check the flash coverage you set. This flash unit has the flash coverage between
20 and 200mm, which fits medium-format cameras.

Firmware Upgrade

• The USB port is a Type-C USB socket. Type-C USB connection line is applicable.
• As the firmware upgrade needs the support of Godox G3 software, please
download and install the “Godox G3 firmware upgrade software” before
upgrading. Then choose the related firmware file.
• As the product needs to do firmware upgrade, please refer to instruction manual
of the newest electric version as final.

Compatible Cameras Models

This flash unit can be used in the following Sony series camera models:

This table only lists the tested camera models, not all Sony EOS series cameras. For the
compatibility of other camera models, a self-test is recommended.
Rights to modify this table retained.

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Maintenance

• Shut down the device immediately should abnormal operation be detected.

• Avoid sudden impacts and the product should be dedusted regularly.
• It is normal for the flash tube to be warm when in use. Avoid continuous flashes
if unnecessary.
• Maintenance of the flash must be performed by our authorized maintenance
department which can provide original accessories.
• Unauthorized service will void the warranty.
• If the product had failures or was wetter, do not use it until it is repaired by
professionals.
• Change made to the specifications or design may not be reflected in this manual.

Warranty Conditions

A new product purchased in the Alza.cz sales network is guaranteed for 2 years. If you
need repair or other services during the warranty period, contact the product seller
directly, you must provide the original proof of purchase with the date of purchase.

The following are considered to be a conflict with the warranty conditions, for
which the claimed claim may not be recognized:

• Using the product for any purpose other than that for which the product is intended
or failing to follow the instructions for maintenance, operation, and service of the
product.
• Damage to the product by a natural disaster, the intervention of an unauthorized
person or mechanically through the fault of the buyer (e.g., during transport,
cleaning by inappropriate means, etc.).
• Natural wear and aging of consumables or components during use (such as
batteries, etc.).
• Exposure to adverse external influences, such as sunlight and other radiation or
electromagnetic fields, fluid intrusion, object intrusion, mains overvoltage,
electrostatic discharge voltage (including lightning), faulty supply or input voltage and
inappropriate polarity of this voltage, chemical processes such as used power
supplies, etc.
• If anyone has made modifications, modifications, alterations to the design or
adaptation to change or extend the functions of the product compared to the
purchased design or use of non-original components.

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