COVID 64

Name: ……………………………………………………………………………………….
I. Choose the word whose stress pattern is different from that of the others.
1. A. possibility B. disappointed C. manufacture D. instrument
2. A. environment B. mystery C. contribute D. terrific
3. A. deficiency B. psychology C. ecological D. competitor
4. A. recommend B. difficulty C. admirable D. document
5. A. encouragement B. interviewer C. acknowledge D. miraculously
6.A, diversity B. biography C. biology D. fundamental
7. A. argumentative B. Psychological C. Contributory D. hypersensitive
8. A. sandals B. dental C. canal D. rental
9. A. familiar B. impatient C. uncertain D. arrogant
10. A. forgettable B. philosophy C. humanism D. objectively
II. Word Form.
11. That news conference was ___unspeakably ___ boring! (SPEAK)
12. I'm not very keen on the __watchword ___ of this dictionary definition. (WORD)
13. Any actor who becomes known for one role is in danger of becoming _____ . (TYPE)
14. Advertising is particularly effective on people who are highly____suggestible ___ . (SUGGEST)
15. There are so many swear words in this article that I think it's __unprintable ___ (PRINT)
16. This attack on a defenceless elderly person is an act of pure___cowardice ___ .(COWARD)
17. A UN force has been sent in to try and __pacify __ the area worst afftected by the civil war. (PEACE)
18.The government's decision to raise taxes is likely to provoke furious _____drawbacks ____. (BACK)
19.My opinion is that ghosts are _______non-existent _______. There are no ghosts in this world. (EXIST)
20.When we arrived at the hotel, we were amazed at the ____comparative ___ hospitality of the fans.
(COMPARE)
III. Choose the word or phrase which best completes each sentence.
21. The ______ of two houses prove such a financial burden that they were forced to sell one
A. upshot B. upkeep C. uproar D. upsurge
22. In his student days, he was as poor as a church ______
A. beggar B. miser C. mouse D. pauper
23. Harry doesn’t ______ to great fame and fortune, he just wants to make a decent living.
A. crave B. hanker C. yearn D. aspire
24. I wrote to them a fortnight ago but ______ I haven’t had a reply
A. as yet B. these days C. so long D. just now
25. I couldn’t stop myself from ______ with boredom during the lecture.
A. sighing B. gasping C. panting D. blowing
26. She didn’t show even a ______ of emotion when the court found her guilty.
A. gleam B. wink C. flicker D. flash
27. It’s not surprising that he became a writer because he always longed to see his name______.
A. in type B. in print C. in letters D. in edition
28. The police are looking into new ways of ______ major crime.
A. contending B. wrestling C. combating D. striving
29. The technological and economic changes of the 19th century had a marked ______ on workers.
A. cause B. effect C. impact D. consequence
30. The first sign of vitamin A disorder is night ______.
A. loss of sight B. lack of vision C. invisibility D. blindness
31. The ______ are against her winning a fourth consecutive gold medal.
A. chances B. bets C. prospects D. odds
32. References can have a considerable ______ on employment prospects.
A. cause B. decision C. weight D. bearing
33. The prospects of picking up any survivors are now ______.
A. thin B. narrow C. slim D. restricted
34. From time to time he ______ himself to a weekend in a five-star hotel.
A. craves B. indulges C. treats D. benefits
35. Men still expect their jobs to take ______.
A. superiority B. imposition C. priority D. seniority
36. The police have been ordered not to ______ if the students attack them.
A. combat B. rebuff C. retaliate D. challenge
37. Meg had a ______ escape when she was hang-gliding yesterday.
A. slender B. close C. near D. narrow
38. I can’t tell you the exact amount, but I can give you a ______ estimate.
A. smooth B. tidy C. rough D. similar
39. Marge walked away from the discussion. Otherwise, she ______ something she would regret later.
A. will say B. said C. might say D. might have said
40. You are not supposed to park on the hard ______ except in an emergency.
A. lane B. shoulder C. leg D. area
IV.IELT
The burden of thirst
Millions of women carry water long distances. If they had a tap by their door, whole societies would be
transformed.
A
Aylito Binayo’s feet know the mountain. Even at four in the morning, she can run down the rocks to the river by
starlight alone and climb the steep mountain back up to her village with a container of water on her back. She has
made this journey three times a day since she was a small child.
So has every other woman in her village of Foro, in the Konso district of south-western Ethiopia in Africa. Binayo
left school when she was eight years old, in part because she had to help her mother fetch water from the Toiro
River. The water is unsafe to drink; every year that the drought continues, the river carries less water, and its flow
is reduced. But it is the only water Foro has ever had.
B
In developed parts of the world, people turn on a tap and out pours abundant, clean water. Yet nearly 900 million
people in the world have no access to clean water. Furthermore, 2.5 billion people have no safe way to get rid of
human waste. Polluted water and lack of proper hygiene cause disease and kill 3.3 million people around the world
annually, most of them children. In southern Ethiopia and in northern Kenya, a lack of rain over the past few years
has made even dirty water hard to find. But soon, for the first time, things are going to change.
C-
Bringing clean water close to villagers’ homes is the key to the problem. Communities where clean water becomes
accessible and plentiful are transformed. All the hours previously spent hauling water can be used to cultivate
more crops, raise more animals or even start a business. Families spend less time sick or caring for family
members who are unwell. Most important, not having to collect water means girls can go to school and get jobs.
The need to fetch water for the family, or to take care of younger siblings while their mother goes, usually prevents
them ever having this experience.
D
But the challenges of bringing water to remote villages like those in Konso are overwhelming. Locating water
underground and then reaching it by means of deep wells requires geological expertise and expensive, heavy
machines. Abandoned wells and water projects litter the villages of Konso. In similar villages around the
developing world, the biggest problem with water schemes is that about half of them break down soon after the
groups that built them move on. Sometimes technology is used that can’t be repaired locally, or spare parts are
available only in the capital.
E
Today, a UK-based international non-profit organisation called WaterAid is tackling the job of bringing water to
the most remote villages of Konso. Their approach combines technologies proven to last - such as building a sand
dam to capture and filter rainwater that would otherwise drain away. But the real innovation is that WaterAid
believes technology is only part of the solution. Just as important is involving the local community in designing,
building and maintaining new water projects. Before beginning any project, WaterAid asks the community to
create a WASH (water, sanitation, hygiene) committee of seven people. The committee works with WaterAid to
plan projects and involve the village in construction. Then it maintains and runs the project.
F
The people of Konso, who grow their crops on terraces they have dug into the sides of mountains, are famous for
hard work. In the village of Orbesho, residents even constructed a road themselves so that drilling machinery could
come in. Last summer, their pump, installed by the river, was being motorised to push its water to a newly built
reservoir on top of a nearby mountain. From there, gravity will carry it down in pipes to villages on the other side
of the mountain. Residents of those villages have each given some money to help fund the project. They have
made concrete and collected stones for the structures. Now they are digging trenches to lay pipes. If all goes well,
Aylito Binayo will have a tap with safe water just a three-minute walk from her front door.
adapted from National Geographic magazine
The reading passage has six paragraphs, A-F.
List of Headings
i Why some plans have failed
ii A rural and urban problem
iii A possible success
iv Explaining a new management style
v Some relevant statistics
vi A regular trip for some people
vii Treating people for disease
viii How water can change people’s lives
41. Paragraph A vi
42. Paragraph B v
43. Paragraph C viii
44. Paragraph D ii
45. Paragraph E iv
46. Paragraph F iii
V. Find a mistake and correct it.
46. Some so-called heath foods are not so healthy , many are made with oils that rise cholesterol levels.
A B C D
47. The reason he wants to take a leaving of absence is that he needs a complete rest
A B C D
48 .Studying the science of logic is one way to cultivate one's reason skills.
A B C D
49. Unlike many writings of her time, she was not preoccupied with morality.
A B C D
50.Found in the 12th century, Oxford University ranks among the world's oldest universities.
A B C D
VI. Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct phrasal verbs.
51. At first the children enjoyed the game but quite soon the novelty……….
A. went off B. died out C died down D. wore off
52. The manager's future……….whether the team wins or loses this one game.
A stems from B. rests on C. derives from D. counts on
53. I had my doubts about her when I took her on, but now I’m pleased to say that she has……..to be a talented
executive.
A. taken up B. made out C. turned out D. carried on
54. As its sales have increased, that computer company is going to………… more staff.
A. take in B. take on C. take over D. take up
55.The government has tried to…………..the price of petrol, but they failed.
A. bring on B. put on C. get over D. bring down
56.Nancy is a very a………….careful person. Usually, Nancy doesn't submit her test paper until she has her
answer twice.
A. gone through B. signed up C. thought D. copied down
57. When the funds finally………..they had to abandon the scheme.
A. faded away B. clamped down C. petered out D. fobbed off
58. I haven't………..any name for my puppy. What do you think I should call him?
A. got round to B. made up C. come up with D. taken up on
59.The strike was______ owing to a last minute agreement with the management.
A. called off B. broken up C. set back D. put down
60. Children usually.......a flu much more quickly than adults.
A. pick up B. pick at C. pick on D. pick out
VII. Read the following passage and choose the option that indicates the correct answer to each of the
following questions.
In the United States in the early 1800's, individual state governments had more effect on the economy than
did the federal government. States chartered manufacturing, banking, mining, and transportation firms and
participated in the construction of various internal improvements such as canals, turnpikes, and railroads. The
states encouraged internal improvements in two distinct ways; first, by actually establishing state companies to
build such improvements; second, by providing part of the capital for mixed public-private companies setting out
to make a profit.
In the early nineteenth century, state governments also engaged in a surprisingly large amount of direct
regulatory activity, including extensive licensing and inspection programs. Licensing targets reflected both
similarities and differences between the economy of the nineteenth century and that of today: in the nineteenth
century, state regulation through licensing fell especially on peddlers, innkeepers, and retail merchants of various
kinds. The perishable commodities of trade generally came understate inspection, and such important frontier
staples as lumber and gunpowder were also subject to state control. Finally, state governments experimented with
direct labor and business regulation designed to help the individual laborer or consumer, including setting
maximum limits on hours of work and restrictions on price-fixing by businesses.
Although the states dominated economic activity during this period, the federal government was not inactive. Its
goals were the facilitation of western settlement and the development of native industries. Toward these ends, the
federal government pursued several courses of action. It established a national bank to stabilize banking activities
in the country and, in part, to provide a supply of relatively easy money to the frontier, where it was greatly needed
for settlement. It permitted access to public western lands on increasingly easy terms, culminating in the
Homestead Act of 1862, by which title to land could be claimed on the basis of residence alone. Finally, it set up a
system of tariffs that was basically protectionist in effect, although maneuvering for position by various regional
interests produced frequent changes in tariff rates throughout the nineteenth century.
61. What does the passage mainly discuss?
A. States's rights versus federal rights.
B. The participation of state governments in railroad, canal, and turnpike construction.
C. The roles of state and federal governments in the economy of the nineteenth century.
D. Regulatory activity by state governments.
62. The word “effect” in bold in paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to __________.
A. value B. argument C. influence D. restraint
63. All of the following are mentioned in the passage as areas that involved statevernments in the nineteenth century
EXCEPT _________.
A. mining B. banking C. manufacturing D. higher education
64. The word “distinct” in bold in paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to_________.
A. separate B. innovative C. alarming D. provocative
65. It can be inferred from the first paragraph that in the nineteenth century canals and railroads were _________.
A. built with money that came from the federal government
B. much more expensive to build than they had been previously
C. built predominantly in the western part of the country
D. sometimes built in part by state companies
66. The regulatory activities of state governments included all of the following EXCEPT _______.
A. licensing of retail merchants B. inspecting materials used in turnpike maintenance
C. imposing limits on price-fixing D. control of lumber
67. The word “setting” in bold in paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to _________.
A. discussing B. analyzing C. establishing D. avoiding
68. The word “ends” in bold in paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to ________.
A. benefits B. decisions C. services D. goals
69. According to the passage, which of the following is true of the Homestead Act of 1862?
A. It made it increasingly possible for settlers to obtain land in the West.
B. It was a law first passed by state governments in the West.
C. It increased the money supply in the West.
D. It established tariffs in a number of regions.
70. Which of the following activities was the responsibility of the federal government in the nineteenth century?
A. Control of the manufacture of gunpowder. B. Determining the conditions under which individuals worked.
C. Regulation of the supply of money. D. Inspection of new homes built on western lands.
VIII. Read the text below and fill in each blank with ONE suitable word.
The British are widely (71) ___considered __ to be a very polite nation, and in (72)__some ____ respects this is true. An
Italian journalist once commented of the Btitish that they need (73) __much___ fewer than four “thank yous” merely to buy a
bus ticket. The first, from the bus conductor means, “I’m here.”. The second accompanies the handling over of the money.
The third, again from the conductor, (74) ____ “Here is your ticket.”, and then the passenger utters a final one as he accepts
the tickets. Such transactions in most (75) _of___ parts of the world are usually conducted in total silence. In sharp contrast
to this excessive politeness with strangers, the British are strangely lacking (76) __in___ ritual phrases for social interaction.
The exhortation “Good appetite”, uttered in so (77) ___much___ other languages to fellow-diners before a meal, does not
exist in English. The nearest equivalent – Enjoy your dinner! – is said only by people who will not be pataking of the meal in
question. What’s more, the British (78) __wish__ happiness to their friends or acquaintances only at the start of a new year
and at (79)___celebrates__ such as birthdays, (80) __while ___ the Greeks routinely wish all and sundry a “good week” or a
“good month”.
IX. Read the passage and choose the best option for each of the following blanks.
Media and advertising
After more than fifty years of television, it might seem only obvious to conclude that it is here to (81) ______ . There
have been many objections to it during this time, of course, and (82) ______ a variety of grounds. Did it cause eye-strain?
Was the (83) ______ bombarding us with radioactivity? Did the advertisements contain subliminal messages, persuading us
to buy more? Did children turn to violence through watching it, either because so (84) ______ programmes taught them how
to shoot, rob, and kill, or because they had to do something to counteract the hours they had spent glued to the tiny screen?
Or did it simply create a vast passive (85) ______ drugged by glamorous serials and inane situation (86) ______ ? On the
other hand did it increase anxiety by sensationalizing the news [or the news which was (87) ______ by suitable pictures] and
filling our living rooms with war, famine and political unrest? (88) ______ in all, television proved to be the all-purpose
scapegoat for the second half of the century, blamed for everything, but above all, eagerly watched. For no (89) ______ how
much we despised it, feared it, were bored by it, or felt that it took us away from the old paradise of family conversation and
hobbies such as collecting stamps, we never turned it off. We kept staring at the screen, aware that our own tiny (90) ______
was in if we looked carefully.
81. A. be B. stay C. exist D. prolong
82. A. with B. over C. by D. on
83. A. screen B. danger C. machine D. reason
84. A. that B. far C. many D. what
85. A. programme B. personality C. audience D. tense
86. A. comedies B. programmes C. perhaps D. consequently
87. A. taken B. presented C. capable D. accompanied
88. A. Taken B. All C. Somewhat D. Thus
89. A. one B. matter C. difference D. reason
90. A. fault B. reflection C. situation D. consciousness
X. Rewrite these sentences.
91. To appreciate the beauty of the lake you really need to be in a boat.
Only in a boat do you appreciate the beauty of the lake
92. The plan is unlikely to find favour with managers, unless the cost is greatly reduced.
Without a great reduction in the cost, the plan is unlikely to find favour with managers
93. The film didn't come up to my expectations.
The film fell to live up to my…
94. They will consider age and experience when they decide the salary.
They will take age and experience into consideration when….
95. Screaming fans surrounded the star as soon as he arrived at the stage door.
On his arrival at the stage door, screaming fans surrounded the star
96.When I make my complaint, I hope that you will say you agree with me. (BACK)
When I make my complaint, I hope that you will back me up
97.We are having problems because we did not take out medical insurance.(COST)
We are counting the cost because medical insurance was not taken out.
98.Why do I always get the boring jobs? (DONKEY).
I'm fed up with………………………………………………………………………………………………
99. Karen’s schoolwork definitely seems to be improving this term. (SIGNS)
Karen’s schoolwork………………………………………………………………………………………….
100. The final version of the plan was quite different from the initial draft. (RESEMBLANCE)
There was…………………………………………………………………………………………………….
XI. PHONOLOGY.
101. A. beloved B. crooked C. booked D. blessed
102. A. smoothly B. southern C. airworthy D. absinthe
103. A. dogwood B. scuba C. tool D. tomb
104. A. chamber B. ancient C. danger D. ancestor
105. A. luxurious B. anxiety C. annexation D. exacerbate
106. A. suit B. bruise C. suite D. fruit
107. A. calculate B. populate C. contemplate D. fortunate
108. A. apprehension B. division C. precision D. measure
109.A. solution B. resolution C. success D. prosperity
110.A. particular B. superstar C. part D. harvest
XII. Rewrite the following sentences without changing their meaning, using the words given.
111.Return the product to the shop if you have any complaint about it.
Should you have any complaint about it Return the product to the shop
112.It’s almost nine months since I stopped subscribing to that magazine.
I cancelled my subscription to that magazine nine months ago
113.Her success went beyond her expectation.
Never before has she
114.His fondness for the game increased with his proficiency.
The more he was fond of the game, the more proficient he was
115.Simon hadn’t expected that he would feel so weak after the operation.
The operation left Simon feeling much weaker than he had expected
116.I am sure he recognized us at the airport.
He must have recognized us at the airport
117.The journalists only heard about the changes to the wedding plans when they arrived at the avenue.
Not until they arrived at the avenue did the journalists heard about the changes to the wedding plans
118.“Why can’t you do your work more carefully?” Helen’s boss said to her.
Helen’s boss criticized to her for not doing her work more carefully
119.Someone has suggested raising the parking fees in the city.
It is suggested that the parking fees in the city be raised
120.That dress is a third of the cost of the blue one.
The blue dress is three time as much as that one
THE END