Scribd
Upload
18 views3 pages

AP Biology Review Unit 1

The document outlines key concepts in the chemistry of life, including types of bonds (ionic, covalent, hydrogen), the structure and properties of water, and the roles of organic macromolecules such as carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids. It discusses the functions of these macromolecules, their structures, and the importance of enzymes in biological reactions, including activation energy and enzyme inhibition. Additionally, it covers the concepts of catabolism, anabolism, and the impact of environmental factors on enzyme function.

Uploaded by

emorton2007
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
18 views3 pages

AP Biology Review Unit 1

The document outlines key concepts in the chemistry of life, including types of bonds (ionic, covalent, hydrogen), the structure and properties of water, and the roles of organic macromolecules such as carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids. It discusses the functions of these macromolecules, their structures, and the importance of enzymes in biological reactions, including activation energy and enzyme inhibition. Additionally, it covers the concepts of catabolism, anabolism, and the impact of environmental factors on enzyme function.

Uploaded by

emorton2007
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 3

Unit I: Chemistry of Life

Bonding
1.Draw and describe the following types of bonds:
a. Ionic
b. Covalent (polar and non-polar covalent)
c. Hydrogen

Water
2. Give an example of a compound/molecule that displays each type of bond
listed above.

3. Describe the structure of the water molecule. List five properties of water.
Describe each property. Explain how each property is advantageous for an
organism. Be specific in your examples.

Organic Macromolecules
4. What is an organic molecule? And what are the “elements of life”?

5. What is the difference between a monomer and a polymer?

6.What are functional groups? List the functional groups studied in class.
Draw a picture of each type of functional group. Provide an example of a
molecule in which each functional group can be found.

Carbohydrates
7. What are the functions of carbohydrates in biological systems?

8. Draw a monosaccharide (the monomer of all carbohydrates)

9.What is the formula for glucose? What is the difference between alpha
glucose and beta glucose?

10.Give the function and importance for the following polysaccharides


a. Cellulose
b. Starch
c. Glycogen
d. Chitin

11.In what types of foods do you find carbohydrates?


Lipids

13. What are the functions of lipids in biological systems. Draw the three fatty
acid chains and a glycerol backbone.

14.Draw and provide importance for the following lipids.


a. Triglycerides (fats...saturated and unsaturated)
b. Phospholipids
c. Steroids (cholesterol and sex hormones)

Proteins

15. Draw an amino acid (the monomer of a protein).

16.Give five major groups of functions of proteins and one example of how
each group is used in the body.

17.How are amino acids joined together?

18.Draw and describe the following protein structures.


a. Primary
b. Secondary (alpha helix and beta pleated)
c.Tertiary (globular) Give the three types of bonds that help form the
tertiary structure and explain the hydrophobic effect.
d. Quaternary structure

Nucleic Acids

16. Draw a nucleotide (the monomer of nucleic acids)

17. Give the five types of nitrogen bases and identify them as purines or
pyrimidines.

18. Draw a molecule of RNA and one of DNA and give the basic functions of
each.

Enzymes

19. Enzymes are globular, quaternary structured proteins. What is the main
function of an enzyme?
20. What is activation energy and how do enzymes affect the activation
energy in a reaction?

21. What is the difference between catabolism and anabolism?

22.Draw a picture of an enzyme catalyzed reaction and label the following.


a. Substrate, active site, enzyme, enzyme-substrate complex, products
b. Why do enzymes follow the induced fit model?

23.Give an example of three enzymes and their substrates. How do you know
which one is the enzyme, if only given the names?

24. How can improper pH and/or temperature affect enzyme function?

25.Give an example of a coenzyme and a cofactor and describe how


each works.

26.Enzyme Activators: Explain how allosteric activators and cooperativity


allow enzymes to function. Draw an example of each.

27.Enzyme Inhibitors: Explain how competitive, noncompetitive and allosteric


inhibitors work and draw an example of how each works.

28. Describe the concept of negative feedback with regards to enzyme


function

You might also like