ĐỀ 1
ĐỀ 1
V. GUIDED CLOZE 1 (5PTS): Read the text below and decide which answer best fits each space.
INDUSTRY 4.0
Digitally connected manufacturing, often (41) ____ “Industry 4.0”, (42) ____ a wide variety of
technologies, ranging from 3D printing to robotics, new materials and production systems.
A move towards Industry 4.0 would benefit the private sector. Large, integrated manufacturers would
find in it a way to (43) ____ and shorten their supply chain, for example via flexible factories. A more
digitalized manufacturing would also open new market (44) ____ for SMEs providing such specialized
technologies as sensors, robotics, 3D printing or machine-to-machine communications.
For developed nations, Industry 4.0 - a term initially (45) ____ in Germany - could be a way to regain
manufacturing competitiveness. This is particularly relevant in the case of Western Europe, which, unlike the
US, does not currently enjoy reduced energy costs.
As for (46) ____ markets, Industry 4.0 could provide the much-needed route to moving up the value
chain, something that has become increasingly important to achieve in the (47) ____ of rising labor costs. For
example, China’s new ten-year plan, issued last May and (48) ____ named “Made in China 2025”, targets key
sectors such as robotics, information technology and energy (49) ____ turning the country from a
“manufacturing giant” into a “world manufacturing power.
As promising as it is, much more work remains to be done to make Industry 4.0 a large scale reality.
On the regulatory side, for instance, policy makers will have to ensure that data - the (50) ____ of Industry 4.0 -
can move freely and securely throughout the supply chain, including across borders. This is an effort that is
likely to take some time.
41. A. deferred to as B. referred to as C. deferred to D. referred to
42. A. involves B. supports C. encompasses D. necessitates
43. A. optimize B. maximize C. customize D. legitimize
44. A. chances B. possibilities C. opportunities D. places
45. A. yielded B. pieced C. lauded D. coined
46. A. novel B. emerging C. premature D. immature
47. A. loop B. teeth C. feat D. wake
48. A. aptly B. particularly C. unwittingly D. distinctively
49. A. in the interests of B. in lieu of C. in awe of D. in the hope of
50. A. pins and needles B. nuts and bolts C. root and branch D. part and parcel
VI. GUIDED CLOZE 2 (5PTS): Read the text below and decide which answer best fits each space.
BITCOIN
The UK and other EU governments are planning a (51) ____ on bitcoin, also known as a
cryptocurrency that is not (52) ____ by banks, amid growing concerns that the digital currency is being used for
money laundering and tax (53) ____.
The Treasury plans to regulate bitcoin and other cryptocurrencies to bring them (54) ____ anti-
money-laundering and counter-terrorism financial legislation. Traders will be forced to reveal their identities,
ending the (55) ____ that has made the currency attractive for drug dealing and other illegal activities.
Under the EU-wide plan, online platforms where bitcoins are traded will be required to carry out (56)
____ diligence on customers and report suspicious transactions. The UK government is negotiating amendments
to the anti-money-laundering directive to ensure firms’ activities are (57) ____ by national authorities.
Economists have compared bitcoin’s meteoric rise with past (58) ____, such as the tulip mania of the
17th century and the dotcom that began in the late 90s with the Nasdaq index in New York and burst in 2000.
Both examples foreshadow a painful collapse for a currency that has no (59) ____ value to those who hold it
beyond that (60) ____ to it by a community of owners. Should they realise the emperor has no clothes en masse,
there could be a rude awakening.
51. A. crackdown B. walk-out C. lowdown D. toss-up
52. A. underscored B. underwritten C. upholstered D. underpinned
53. A. invasion B. elusion C. indictment D. evasion
54. A. in line with B. in line for C. on line with D. on line for
55. A. animosity B. anonymity C. pseudonym D. misnomer
56. A. preemptive B. tender C. prudish D. due
57. A. overlooked B. overseen C. overdriven D. overthrown
58. A. insinuations B. economies of scale C. bubbles D. junctures
59. A. intrinsic B. intricate C. civic D. immaculate
60. A. preordained B. ascribed C. etched D. conferred
VII.READING PASSAGE 1 (5PTS): Read the text below and choose the best answer to each question.
If you think that we are the only creatures on Earth with a moral sense, then you're in good company.
Most experts in behavior believe that morality is a uniquely human trait, without which our complex social life
would never have emerged - yet I'm convinced that many animals can distinguish right from wrong. Decades
spent watching wild and captive animals have persuaded me that species living in groups often have a sense of
fair play built on moral codes of conduct that help cement their social relationships. The notion of Nature being
naturally ruthlessly and selfishly competitive doesn't hold true for those of us who have observed and analyzed
animal relationships.
That's not all. I suspect that herein lies the origin of our own virtue. Biologists have had real problems
trying to explain why people are frequently inexplicably nice to each other. It just doesn't make sense in
evolutionary terms, unless there are ulterior motives behind our seemingly altruistic actions. Perhaps we expect
a payback somewhere down the line, or maybe our good deeds are directed only towards kin, with whom we
share a biological heritage. Nobody has really considered the possibility that being considerate to your
neighbors might sometimes be the best way to survive. But I'm starting to find evidence that a well-developed
sense of fair play helps non-human animals live longer, more successful lives.
I'm particularly interested in social play amongst youngsters because it has its own special rules of
engagement, allowing participants to reinterpret acts that might otherwise seem aggressive. My studies of infant
dogs, wolves and coyotes reveal that they use a special signal to prevent misinterpretation of playful actions.
They perform a 'bow' - which entails crouching on the forelimbs while keeping the rear upright - when initiating
play, or in association with aggressive actions such as biting, to modify their meaning. And role reversal is
common, so that during play a dominant animal will often allow a subordinate to have the upper hand. Such
behaviors reduce inequalities in size, strength and dominance between playmates, fostering the co-operation and
reciprocity that are essential for play to occur. Indeed, on the rare occasions when an animal says 'Let's play' and
then beats up an unsuspecting animal, the culprit usually finds itself ostracized by its former playmates.
My belief is that a sense of fairness is common to many animals, because there could be no social play
without it, and without social play individual animals and entire groups would be at a disadvantage. If I'm right,
morality evolved because it is adaptive. It helps many animals, including humans, to survive and flourish in
their particular social environment. This may sound like a radical idea, particularly if you view morality as
uniquely human and a sort of mystical quality that sets us apart from other animals. But if you accept my
argument that play and fairness are inextricably linked, you're halfway there.
[A] As with any behavioral trait, the underlying genetics is bound to be complex, and environmental
influences may be large. [B] No matter. Provided there is variation in levels of morality among individuals, and
provided virtue is rewarded by a greater number of offspring, then any genes associated with good behavior are
bound to accumulate in subsequent generations. [C] And the observation that play is rarely unfair or
uncooperative is surely an indication that natural selection acts to weed out those who don't play by the rules.
[D]
What does this tell us about human morality? First, we didn't invent virtue - its origins are much more
ancient than our own. Secondly, we should stop seeing ourselves as morally superior to other animals. True, our
big brains endow us with a highly sophisticated sense of what's right and wrong, but they also give us much
greater scope for manipulating others - to deceive and try to benefit from immoral behavior. In that sense,
animal morality might be 'purer' than our own. We should accept our moral responsibility towards other
animals, and that means developing and enforcing more restrictive regulations governing animal use. While
animal minds may vary from one species to another, they are not so different from our own, and only when we
accept this can we truly be moral in our relations with nature as a whole.
61. In the first paragraph, what does the writer state about morality?
A. Humans are the only creatures that demonstrate true emotional behavior.
B. A well-developed moral code does not lead to civilization.
C. Humans and animals share the same selfish instincts for survival.
D. There is a common misconception that animals are not moral.
62. What point does the writer make in the second paragraph?
A. People who are generous to others are not always sure why they behave that way.
B. People who do not possess good social skills achieve less in life.
C. People who behave considerately to others have selfish reasons for doing so.
D. People who treat acquaintances better than relatives are unusual.
63. Neighbors are mentioned as an example to ____.
A. illustrate the fact that another aspect of the driving force may have been overlooked
B. reiterate the notion that being nice to others is not hereditary
C. strengthen his belief that longevity does come into play concerning how kind we are
D. report that many folks are becoming increasingly disillusioned with their proclivity to helping others
64. The word ALTRUISTIC in paragraph two most likely means ____.
A. strange B. democratic C. selfless D. immaterial
65. What has the writer deduced about social play from his observation of animals?
A. It provides an opportunity for physically weaker animals to develop survival skills.
B. It allows animals to prove who is dominant in the group without using real aggression.
C. It requires animals to abide by the rules or they will be excluded from the group.
D. It demonstrates that certain animals possess a large range of emotions.
66. Which of the following best summarizes the writer’s argument in the fourth paragraph?
A. There are different degrees of morality between various cultures.
B. Humans adopted moral behavior as a means of survival.
C. Groups benefit from social play more than individuals do.
D. Spirituality and morality are inseparable.
67. What does the writer state about the evolution of morality?
A. There may be a particular gene responsible for morality.
B. Moral development depends on physical hardships.
C. There is little point in seeking the origin of moral behavior.
D. Animals that behave fairly are more likely to breed.
68. In the final paragraph, according to the writer, people ____.
A. must treat animals on equal terms with humans.
B. should be less arrogant in their view of themselves.
C. are more advanced as they use immorality to their advantage.
D. should discriminate between which animals display morality and those that do not.
69. The writer concludes that in our relations with nature as a whole, ____.
A. an open mind is of paramount importance
B. any exploitation should be dispensed with
C. bilateral responsibility is not always conducive to a long-standing relationship
D. virtue should be perceived with a new level of intricacy
70. “I am not putting the case forward for a specific gene for fair or moral behavior”.
The sentence is extracted from somewhere in paragraph five. Where should this sentence be located?
A. [A] B. [B] C. [C] D. [D]
VIII. READING PASSAGE 2 (5PTS): Read the text below and choose the best answer to each
question.
THE MORECAMBE & WISE SHOW
It happened one night. It happened, to be precise, at 8:55 p.m on the night of 25 December 1977,
when an estimated 28,835,000 people – more than half of the total population of the United Kingdom – turned
their television sets to BBC 1 and spent the next hour and ten minutes in the company of a rather tall man called
Eric and a rather short man called Ernie. It was an extraordinary night for British television. It was – at least as
far as that catholic and capacious category known as “light entertainment” was concerned – as close as British
television had ever come, in some forty – one years of trying, to being a genuine mass medium. None of the
usual rigid divisions and omissions were apparent in the broad audience of that remarkable night: no stark class
bias, no pronounced gender imbalance, no obvious age asymmetry, no generalized demographic slant.
It was also, of course, an extraordinary night for the two stars of the show: Eric Morecambe and Ernie
Wise – by far the most illustrious, and the best – loved, double – act that Britain has ever produced.
Exceptionally professional yet endearingly personable, they were wonderful together as partners, as friends, as
almost a distinct entity: not “Morecambe and Wise” but “Morecambewise”. There was Eric and there was Ernie:
one of them an idiot, the other a bigger idiot, each of them half a star, together a whole star, forever hopeful of
that “brand new, bright tomorrow” that they sang about at the end of each show. True, Eric would often slap
Ernie smartly on the cheeks, but they clearly thought the world of each other, and the world thought a great deal
of them, too.
There show succeeded in attracting such a massive following on that memorable night because it had,
over he course of the previous night years or so, established, and then enhanced, an enviable reputation for
consistency, inventiveness, unparalleled professional polish and, last but by no means least, a strong and sincere
respect for its audience. The Morecambe & Wise Show stood for something greater, something far more
precious, than mere first-rate but evanescent entertainment; it had come to stand – just as persuasively and as
proudly as any earnest documentary or any epic drama – for excellence in broadcasting, the result not just of
two gifted performers (great talent, alas, does not of itself guarantee that great television) but also of a richly
proficient and supremely committed production team.
The show, culminating in the record-breaking triumph of that 1977 special, represented an
achievement in high-quality popular program-making that is now fast assuming the aura of a fairy tale –
destined, one fears, to be passed on with bemused fascination from one doubtful generation to its even more
disbelieving successor as the seemingly endless proliferation of new channels and novel forms of distraction
continue to divide and disperse the old mass audience in the name of that remorseless quest for “quality
demographics” and “niche audiences”. The Morecambe & Wise Show appeared at a time before home video,
before home satellite dishes and cable technology, before the dawning of digital revolution, a time when it was
still considered desirable to make a television program that might – just might – excite most of the people most
of the time.
Neither Morecambe nor Wise ever looked down on, or up at, anyone (except, of course, each other);
both of them looked straight back at their audience on level terms. No celebrated was ever allowed to challenge
this comic democracy: within the confines of the show, the rich and famous went unrecognized and frequently
unpaid (a running gag); venerable actors with grand theatrical reputations were mocked routinely by Eric’s sotto
voce comments; and two resolutely down-to-earth working-class comedians gleefully reaffirmed the remarkably
deep, warm and sure relationship that existed between themselves and the British public.
“It was,” reminisced Ernie Wise, “a sort of great big office party for the whole country, a bit of fun
people could understand.” From the first few seconds of their opening comic routine to the final few notes and
motions of their closing song and dance, Morecambe and Wise did their very best to draw people together rather
than drive them apart. Instead of pandering submissively to the smug exclusivity of the cognoscenti (they were
flattered by a well-regarded critic praised the sly “oeillade” that accompanied Eric’s sarcastic asides, but they
still mocked him mercilessly for his use of the word), and instead of settling – as so many of their supposed
successors would do with unseemly haste – for the easy security of a “cult following”, Morecambe and Wise
always aimed to entertain the whole nation.
When viewers watched that show at the end of 1977, they witnessed a rare and rich compendium of
the very best in popular culture: the happy summation of a joint career that had traversed all of the key
developments associated with the rise of mass entertainment in Britain, encompassing the faint but still
discernible traces of Victorian music-hall, the crowded animation of Edwardian Variety, the wordy populism of
the wireless, the spectacular impact of the movies and, finally, the more intimate pervasiveness of television.
When that career was all over, it was sorely missed. They were simply irreplaceable.
QUESTIONS:
71. The writer implies in the first paragraph that one reason why the show on 25 December 1977 was
extraordinary was that ____.
A. light entertainment programs had been the targets of criticism before then.
B. no one had thought that a British television program could appeal to all classes.
C. its audience included people who might not have been expected to watch it.
D. people tuning into it knew that they were taking part in a phenomenal event.
72. The word CAPACIOUS in paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to ____.
A. large B. spacious C. roomy D. restricted
73. In the second paragraph, the writer implies that Morecambe and Wise ____.
A. would probably not have been successful had they been solo performers
B. had a different relationship in real life from the one they had on television
C. were keen for audiences to realize how professional they were
D. probably did not know how popular they were
74. The writer says in the third paragraph that one reason why the Morecambe & Wise Show remained so
popular was that ____.
A. It adapted to changes in audience attitudes to what constituted good entertainment.
B. It appealed to people who normally preferred other kinds of program.
C. The people who made it knew that its popularity was guaranteed.
D. The contribution of people other than its stars was a key element in it.
75. The writer suspects that The Morecambe & Wise Show will in the future be regarded as ____.
A. something which might only catch on with certain audiences
B. something which has acquired an exaggerated reputation
C. the kind of program that program – makers will aspire to
D. the kind of program that illustrates the disadvantages of technological advances
76. The word EVANESCENT in paragraph 3 most likely means ____.
A. transient B. contemptible C. malevolent D. cynical
77. According to the writer, one feature of The Morecambe & Wise Show was ____.
A. the way in which it reflected developments in British society
B. its inclusion of jokes that only certain people would understand
C. the consistent way in which other stars were treated on it
D. its careful choice of other stars to appear on it
78. In the sixth paragraph, the writer implies that ____.
A. other comedians have attempted to appeal to only a particular group of people.
B. Morecambe and Wise usually disregarded what critics said about them.
C. other comedians have not accorded Morecambe and Wise the respect they deserve.
D. Morecambe and Wise realized that there were some people who would never like them.
79. In the last paragraph, the writer implies that one remarkable feature of the show was that ____.
A. it exceeded even the expectations of its audience.
B. it contained elements that could have been regarded as old-fashioned.
C. it showed the similarities between earlier forms of entertainment.
D. it contained a hint of sadness despite being so entertaining.
80. The word COMPENDIUM in paragraph 7 is closest in meaning to ____.
A. performance B. perfection C. attempt D. combination
B. WRITTEN TEST
I. CLOZE TEST (20 PTS): Read the text below and think of the word which best fits each space. Use
only ONE WORD for each space.
OPEN CLOZE 1 (10PTS)
Resembling real bank notes but not an officially (1) ________________ currency, the custom of
burning Hell Money is also believed to distract evil spirits (2) ________________ that they chase the cash
instead of the departed soul of the dead.
Hell Money, also known as Ghost Money and Spirit Money, has been discovered in archaeological
(3) ________________ and its use can be (4) ________________ back to the first millennium BCE—
however, money was not in (5) ________________ form then, but instead made of stone, bones and later
metal. The design of Hell Money banknotes is intrinsically an art form. They are printed on joss paper in
vivid colors and elaborate designs, with the King of Hell featuring on their front side. The size can (6)
________________, but in most cases they all have huge denominations.
(7) ________________ most banknotes display values in the millions and billions, there are a few
notes with values of tens or hundreds. The 100 dollar note is particularly interesting with the King of Hell (8)
________________ four-fold because the Chinese word for “four” is a homonym of the word “death”.
On most bills, there are phrases like "Hell Bank Note", while some are designed in (9)
________________ a way that is similar to known, existing currencies, say, American dollars or British
pounds. Some Hell Money banknotes contain signatures, serial numbers and other elements that make
them look like real money.
The Hungry Ghost Festival and Dongzhi Festival are two common occasions that sees many Chinese
commemorate their ancestors by offering (10) ________________, including the burning of Hell Money.
PART 2: Complete the passage with the appropriate forms from the words given in the
box.
GENIUS GRIP PRACTICE PERCEIVE CHIEF
DOCUMENT TIMID GRASS PASS CARPENTRY
The cinema, though, does have something in common with the confessional, video blog aspect of
Youtube. The popularity of the horror film the Blair Witch Project was inflamed by a vast, (1)
________________ Internet campaigns which (2) ________________ suggested that the film’s horrors were
real. Plus there’s a cousin to this blurring of fact and fiction – confessional blogs which turn out to be faked
by (3) ________________ actors. In the past, some (4) _______________ that you could see on TV or at the
cinema had Youtube qualities, in that the footage was shot by the participants themselves, although they
needed a professional cinema (5) ________________ to bring it to light. If the unhappy heroes of these films
are making their videos now, they would probably (6) _______________ these directors and take them
straight to Youtube.
Where straight cinema and Youtube come more closely into parallel is the use of continuous shot: the
persistent, unjudging, (7) _______________ gaze; an unedited, deep-focus scene in which our attention as
audience is not (8) ______________ or directed. The true Youtube gems are not the digitally (9)
________________ mini-features. The most (10) ___________________ material is raw, unedited footage in
one continuous take.
III. ERROR CORRECTION: (10PTS) The following passage contains 10 errors. Identify and correct
them.
The sacred Tet, intrinsically a traditional festival, occurs some time between late January and early
February, depending on the Lunar Calendar. Though officially a three-day affair, festivities continue, more
likely than not, for a week or more with every effort made to indulge in eating, drinking, and enjoyable social
activities. It is also an opportunity for family reunions, and for memorizing ancestors. Gifts of food are made
to friends, neighbors and relatives on the days before Tet.
Everyone is in a rush to get a haircut, buy new clothes, spring up their homes, visit friends, settle
standing debts, and stock up on traditional Tet delicacies. Businesses hang festive red banners printed ‘Happy
New Year’ and city streets are festooned with colored lights. Stalls commence to sell candied fruits and jams,
traditional cakes, and fresh fruit and flowers. Certain markets sell nothing but cone-shape kumquat bushes.
Others sell flowering peach trees, symbols of life and good fortune which people bring into their homes to
celebrate the coming of spring. As vendors pour into the City with peach trees strapped to their bicycles, the
streets look alike moving pink forests.
On the last day of the old year, the preparation of food to offer to the ancestors is of special significance.
Dishes to offer the ancestors differ in the Northern, Central and Southern parts of the country, depending on
their respective weather conditions at the time and on different fresh products available locally. What is
common in all regions of the country during Tet holidays are the varieties of soups, fried, boiled, or stewed
dishes,… The foods that the Vietnamese eat at Tet are various and diverse, but the people throughout the
country all want to have the best and the most beautiful looking food on this occasion to offer their decease
ancestors and to treat their friends and guests.
1. Line _1__: 6. Line _9__:
2. Line _2__: 7. Line _12_:
3. Line _4__: 8. Line _15_:
4. Line _6__: 9. Line _17_:
5. Line _7__: 10. Line 18_:
IV. SENTENCE TRANSFORMATION: (20 PTS) Rewrite the following sentences using the words
given.
1. Your story is different from the facts.
_______________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________
5. You can eat as much as you like for $5 at the new lunch-bar.
_______________________________________________________________________________________
6. My father became extremely angry when he discovered someone had damaged his car.
_______________________________________________________________________________________
7. Addicts of computer games struggle to distinguish the virtual world from the real world. (DRAW)
_______________________________________________________________________________________
8. Have a look at this picture. It may help you remember something. (JOG)
_______________________________________________________________________________________
9. Apparently, a lot of employees will be made redundant when the 21st Century Fox is taken over. (HEAP)
_______________________________________________________________________________________
10. Although the beginning may be smooth for a business, one has to think about the worst-case scenario.
(PREOCCUPIED)
_______________________________________________________________________________________