Article 1177.
The creditors, after having pursued the property in possession of the debtor to satisfy
their claims, may exercise all the rights and bring all the actions of the latter for the same purpose,
save those which are inherent in his person; they may also impugn the acts which the debtor may
have done to defraud them. (1111)
Article 1178. Subject to the laws, all rights acquired in virtue of an obligation are transmissible, if
there has been no stipulation to the contrary. (1112)
CHAPTER 3
Different Kinds of Obligations
SECTION 1
Pure and Conditional Obligations
Article 1179. Every obligation whose performance does not depend upon a future or uncertain
event, or upon a past event unknown to the parties, is demandable at once.
Every obligation which contains a resolutory condition shall also be demandable, without prejudice to
the effects of the happening of the event. (1113)
Article 1180. When the debtor binds himself to pay when his means permit him to do so, the
obligation shall be deemed to be one with a period, subject to the provisions of article 1197. (n)
Article 1181. In conditional obligations, the acquisition of rights, as well as the extinguishment or
loss of those already acquired, shall depend upon the happening of the event which constitutes the
condition. (1114)
Article 1182. When the fulfillment of the condition depends upon the sole will of the debtor, the
conditional obligation shall be void. If it depends upon chance or upon the will of a third person, the
obligation shall take effect in conformity with the provisions of this Code. (1115)
Article 1183. Impossible conditions, those contrary to good customs or public policy and those
prohibited by law shall annul the obligation which depends upon them. If the obligation is divisible,
that part thereof which is not affected by the impossible or unlawful condition shall be valid.
The condition not to do an impossible thing shall be considered as not having been agreed upon.
(1116a)
Article 1184. The condition that some event happen at a determinate time shall extinguish the
obligation as soon as the time expires or if it has become indubitable that the event will not take
place. (1117)
Article 1185. The condition that some event will not happen at a determinate time shall render the
obligation effective from the moment the time indicated has elapsed, or if it has become evident that
the event cannot occur.
If no time has been fixed, the condition shall be deemed fulfilled at such time as may have probably
been contemplated, bearing in mind the nature of the obligation. (1118)
Article 1186. The condition shall be deemed fulfilled when the obligor voluntarily prevents its
fulfillment. (1119)
Article 1187. The effects of a conditional obligation to give, once the condition has been fulfilled,
shall retroact to the day of the constitution of the obligation. Nevertheless, when the obligation
imposes reciprocal prestations upon the parties, the fruits and interests during the pendency of the
condition shall be deemed to have been mutually compensated. If the obligation is unilateral, the
debtor shall appropriate the fruits and interests received, unless from the nature and circumstances
of the obligation it should be inferred that the intention of the person constituting the same was
different.
In obligations to do and not to do, the courts shall determine, in each case, the retroactive effect of
the condition that has been complied with. (1120)
