Prepared by: GLARRY JUN A.
VEDRA
FILIPINO-
AMERICAN WAR
AMERICAN
COLONIAL
PERIOD
1898-"1946"
ESTABLISHMENT OF
THE AMERICAN CIVIL
GOVERNMENT
AMERICAN COLONIAL PERIOD
BACKGROUND &
FILIPINO-AMERICAN WAR
INTRODUCTION AMERICANS FOOL AGUINALDO
Americans wanted Aguinaldo to
withdraw his forces around the
City of Manila
The American behavior showed
they meant to stay and be the
masters, the successors of the
Spaniards
AMERICAN COLONIAL PERIOD
"BENEVOLENT 1 Dollar
ASSIMILATION" 2 defense
PROCLAMATION
-President William McKinley
3 "democracy"
PRESSURE GROUPS 4 deity
5 Direct market
1. American Businessmen
- economic interests
2. American Military and Navy
- politico-military interests
3. Protestants
- religious interests How Benevolent was the Assimilation?
AMERICAN COLONIAL PERIOD
THE
WAR TIMELINE
01 THE SHOT THAT STARTED THE WAR
American Private Willie W. Grayson shot a Filipino
02 FILIPINOS SOLDIER RESPONDED
The Filipinos answered with rifle fire
soldier on the corner of Sociego and Silencio and the Filipino-American was on.
04 03
Streets in Santa Mesa, Manila
INVESTIGATION OF THE INCIDENT A TELEGRAM WAS SENT
Aguinaldo ordered an investigation to determine That night, Captain Fernando Grey sent a
the truth. investigation showed that the Americans telegram to Malolos saying that the Americans
had been preparing to attack the Filipinos. had commence hostilities.
05 AMERICAN DRIVE TO THE NORTH
American troops captured town after town in
06
ARRIVAL OF AMERICAN REINFORCEMENTS
Upon the arrival of American reinforcements in February
what is now Rizal Province and other nearby and March, Otis took the offensive in the North and General
towns in the north Henry W. Lawton in the South
AMERICAN COLONIAL PERIOD
The Fall of the MABINI Cabinet
When he summoned in Kabanatuan, he immediately
went there. He did not find Aguinaldo i the
headquarter and git angry then he heard a rifle shot.
He rushed downstairs and cursed the soldiers
FUGITIVE there......
He died with more than forty wounds in his body and
REPUBLIC
head
The Pro-American group like Pedro Paterno,
Ambrosio Rianzares Bautista, Felipe
Buencamino and many others persuaded
Aguinaldo to remove Mabini from being the
Prime Minister and Secretary of Foreign Affairs.
But Mabini preceded their plans and resigned.
Thus he spent his last years iin his arm chair
writing articles against the Americans
The Assassination of LUNA
AMERICAN COLONIAL PERIOD
The Battle of
Pasong Tirad
Fleeing the Americans,
With the death of General Aguinaldo reached the
Luna, many Filipino field Mountain Province.
AMERICANS commanders were
demoralized.
Aguinaldo conduct a
Del Pilar was to intersect
the Americans who were
tracking them.
On March 23, 1901, General
AT HIGH
Emilio Aguinaldo was
guerilla warfare against Del Pilar was killed by a
captured by the American
the enemy bullet that passed through
forces led by General
his neck.
Frederick Funston with the
help of Macabebe Scouts, in
Palanan, Isabela.
The Retreat
of Aguinaldo The Capture
to Palanan of Aguinaldo
AMERICAN COLONIAL PERIOD
PACIFICATION OF EXP
ECT
ATI
THE PHILIPPINES AND ONS
OUT
COM
ES
1st Philippine 2nd Philippine
Commission Commission
also known as Taft Commission, led by William
also known as Schurman Commission, headed
Howard Taft. The commission had the executive
by Jacob Schurman which recommended the
and legislative functions to put up a civil
establishment of the civil government.
government.
Dr. Jacob G. Schurman Judge William H. Taft
Admiral George Dewey Dean Worcester
Gen. Elweel E. Otis Luke E. Wright
Charles Dewey Henry C. Ide
Dean C. Worcester Bernard Moses
AMERICAN COLONIAL PERIOD
01
The Philippines for the Filipinos – a policy under Taft administration
which aimed at preparing the Filipinos for self-government by
allowing them to participate in a popular, democratic form of
government. However, Taft believed that the Philippine should
THE TAFT remain as a colony until the Filipinos proved themselves capable of
running their own government.
COMMISSION 02 Sale of huge tracts of friar lands (410,000 has) to
Filipinos on easy installment terms. In 1904, the US govt
paid $ 7.2 M to Vatican in the acquisition of the lands
held by the religious order.
03 The Philippine Organic Act of 1902- known as
Cooper Act, it was the first congressional law
about the government in the Phils. It provided for
the extension of the United States Bill of Rights to
the Filipinos and guaranteed the establishment of
an elective Philippine Assembly.
AMERICAN COLONIAL PERIOD
PACIFICATION MEASURES
01 THE SEDITION LAW(1902)
imposed death penalty or long imprisonment on anyone
BRIGANDAGE ACT(1902)
also known as Ley de Bandolerismo; it classified
02
who advocated separation from the United States even guerrilla fighters or brigands, or ladrones, or
at peaceful means. Within this context, display of the membership to an armed group punishable by death or
Philippine flag, singing of the national anthem , or plays long imprisonment not less than 20 years.
advocating Philippine independence were prohibited.
RECONCENTRATION ACT(1903)
it forced the residents of towns infested with bandits to
03 04 FLAG LAW(1907)
it prohibited the display of all flags, banners, symbols,
live in designated military zones. Its purpose was to and other paraphernalia to suppress nationalist feelings.
facilitate the arrest of guerrillas who received support It was only repealed on 1919
and protection from the people. The Philippine
Constabulary, Phils Scouts and Members of the United
States Army combined.
AMERICAN COLONIAL PERIOD
BRUTALITIES OF THE AMERICAN
MILITARY CAMPAIGN
1BALANGIGA MASSACRE, SAMAR (1901-1902)
it was ordered by General Jacob Smith to kill all men
and women above 10 years of age in retaliation to the
attack of the American soldiers by the townsfolk led
by Gen Vicente Lukban on the morning of Sept 28,
1901.
2BUD DAJO MASSACRE, SULU (1906)
after four days of fierce fighting, the Americans
suffered 20 casualties and 70 men wounded. About a
thousand of the Tausug men, women and children
were all killed as a result.
General MacarioSakay, the organizer of
AMERICAN COLONIAL PERIOD
resistance forces ithe Rizal-Cavite Batangas – General Luciano San Miguel, the
General Laguna, he stablished the so called Tagalog
republic in continuation of
leader of a resistance group in Rizal
and Bulacan was killed on March
MacarioSakay Bonifacio’sKatipunan. He and his principal
officers were charged of ladronism or
23, 1903 in a fierce battle with the
Philippine Scout serving the US
banditry, and other crimes such as robbery,
Army.
rape, kidnapping and murder. His resistance
became the final chapter of the Filipino
American War. He was executed on Sept 13,
1907.
General Luciano
How did the Filipinos lost the War? San Miguel
END OF GUERILLA WARFARE
On April 16, 1902 General Miguel Malvar
surrendered in LipaBatangas after relentless General Simeon Ola was last
military campaign of General Franklin Bill. revolutionary general to
Starving of unarmed hostile civilians and surrender to the Americans. He
armed guerrillas caught outside the surrendered to Col. Harry
reconcentration camps were employed during Bandholtz on Sept 25, 1903 in
the said campaign.
GuinobatanAlbay.
General Miguel
Malvar General Simeon Ola
DE
DI VI
AMERICAN COLONIAL PERIOD
SG L I
TOWARDS SELF RULE UI N
SE
01 CENSUS OF 1903
The Civil Government under Taft decide to take
the census of the Philippines. March 2, 1903 was
02 CREATION OF POLITICAL PARTIES
Immediately after the 1903 Census, political parties
were formed for the preparation for the general
04
declared as Census Day election of the Philippine Assembly
03
JONES LAW
Philippine nationalists led by Manuel L. Quezon and Sergio Osmeña 1907 ELECTION
enthusiastically endorsed the draft Jones Bill of 1912, which Two years after completion and publication of a census, a
provided for Philippine independence after eight years, but later general election was conducted for the choice of delegates
to a popular assembly. An elected Philippine Assembly was
changed their views, opting for a bill which focused less on time than
convened in 1907 as the lower house of a bicameral
on the conditions of independence.
05
legislature, with the Philippine Commission as the upper
house.
06
OS-ROX MISSION AND HARE-HAWES-
CUTTING
QUEZON AND TYDINGS-MCDUFFIE
The OsRox Mission (1931) was a campaign for self-government and
United States recognition of the independence of the Philippines led by Manuel L. Quezon urged the Philippine Senate to reject the
former Senate President Sergio Osmeña and House Speaker Manuel bill, which it did. Quezon himself led the twelfth independence
Roxas. The mission secured the Hare–Hawes–Cutting Act, which was mission to Washington to secure a better independence act.
rejected by the Philippine Legislature and Manuel Quezon.
POL
ITI
ROAD TO CS
AMERICAN COLONIAL PERIOD
AND
POW
ER
Hare Hawes Cutting act
INDEPENDENCE Tydings Mcduffie Act
This was the result of the OsRox Mission led by Sergio The U.S. statute that provided for Philippine independence, to
Osmeña and Manuel Roxas. The law promised Philippine take effect on July 4, 1946, after a 10-year transitional period
independence after 10 years, but reserved several of Commonwealth government. The bill was signed by U.S.
Pres. Franklin D. Roosevelt on March 24, 1934, and was sent
military and naval bases for the United States, as well as
to the Philippine Senate for approval. Although that body had
imposed tariffs and quotas on Philippine imports. previously rejected the similar Hare-Hawes-Cutting Act, it
approved the Tydings-McDuffie Act on May 1.
1935 Constitution
The Tydings–McDuffie Act provided for the drafting and guidelines of a constitution, for a 10-year
"transitional period" as the Commonwealth of the Philippines before the granting of Philippine
independence. It was planned that the period 1935–1946 would be devoted to the final adjustments
required for a peaceful transition to full independence, a great latitude in autonomy being granted in the
meantime. Instead there was war with Japan, which postponed any plans for Philippine independence
