UNIT 2: CITY LIFE

A. Vocabulary – part 1
- multicultural /ˌmʌltiˈkʌltʃərəl/ (adj.): đa văn hóa
- variety /vəˈraɪəti/ (n.): đa dạng
- reliable /rɪˈlaɪəbl/ (adj.): đáng tin
- easy-going /ˈi·ziˈɡoʊ·ɪŋ/ (adj.): dễ tínhq
- fabulous /ˈfæbjələs/ (adj.): tuyệt vời
- medium-sized /ˈmiːdiəm saɪzd/ (adj.): cỡ vừa, cỡ trung
- forbidden /fəˈbɪdn/ (adj.): bị cấm
- downtown /ˌdaʊnˈtaʊn/ (adj.): (thuộc) trung tâm thành phố, khu thương mại
- skyscraper /ˈskaɪskreɪpə/ (n.): nhà cao chọc trời
- urban /ˈɜːbən/ (adj.): (thuộc về) đô thị, thành phố
- wander /ˈwɒndə/ (v.): đi lang thang
- affordable /əˈfɔːdəbl/ (adj.): (giá cả) phải chăng
- conduct / kənˈdʌkt/ (v.): thực hiện
- determine /dɪˈtɜːmɪn/ (v.) xác định
- Oceania / ˌəʊsiˈɑːniə/ (n.): châu Đại Dương
- conflict /ˈkɒnflɪkt/ (n.): xung đột, mâu thuẫn
- indicator /ˈɪndɪkeɪtə/ (n.): chỉ số
- metro /ˈmetrəʊ / (n.): tàu điện ngầm
- dweller /ˈdwelə/ (n.): cư dân
- negative /ˈneɡətɪv/ (adj.): tiêu cực

Task 1. Listen and fill in the blank with the missing word.
1. Littering on the street is causing …………………… effects on the environment.
2. Vehicles are strictly …………………… in this walking street.
3. They will …………………… which city to live in after the engagement.
4. Paris is one of the most …………………… cities to live in.
5. Vietnamese people are known as friendly and …………………… .
6. Bangkok is a …………………… city with a population of more than 8 million people.
7. London is considered one of the most …………………… cities in the world.
Task 2. Complete the sentences using the given words.
1. Tourists can see a wide ______________ of hand-made things at the event.
A. lot B. variety C. many
2. He was hired for the position because he is ______________.
A. reliability B. reliably C. reliable
3. There are many stores in the ______________ area of the city.
A. downtown B. suburb C. mountain

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4. Most big companies are built and developed in ______________ areas.
A. urban B. rural C. mountainous
5. He wants to buy an ______________ car because he doesn’t have much money.
A. expensive B. affordable C. rich
6. The research on tourism was ______________ by scientists at the most famous national
university.
A. conduction B. conductive C. conducted
7. New Zealand is one of the countries of______________ .
A. Oceania B. Asian C. Asian and Pacific
8. Economic _____________ this year are better than those of last year.
A. indicator B. indicators C. indicative

A. Vocabulary – part 2
- feature /ˈfiːtʃə(r)/ (n.): nét đặc biệt, điểm đặc trưng
- extended /ɪkˈstendɪd/ (adj.): kéo dài, mở rộng
- suburb /ˈsʌbɜːb/ (n.): ngoại ô, ngoại thành
- melting pot /ˈmel.tɪŋ ˌpɒt/ (n.): nơi giao thoa nhiều nền văn hóa
- homeless /ˈhəʊmləs/ (adj.): vô gia cư
- jammed /dʒæmd/ (adj.): đông, mắc kẹt
- efficient /ɪˈfɪʃnt/ (adj.): hiệu quả
- fascinated /ˈfæsɪneɪtɪd/ (adj.): Rất thích, bị quyến rũ, mê hoặc
- impoverished /ɪmˈpɒvərɪʃt / (adj.): nghèo
- coastal /ˈkəʊstl/ (adj.): (thuộc) ven biển
- rural /ˈrʊərəl/ (adj.): (thuộc) nông thôn
- atmosphere /ˈætməsfɪə(r)/ (n.): Không khí
- expectation /ˌekspekˈteɪʃn/ (n.): mong đợi, kỳ vọng
- overcrowding /ˌəʊvəˈkraʊdɪŋ/ (n.): tình trạng quá đông đúc
- metropolitan /ˌmetrəˈpɒlɪtən/ (adj.): (thuộc về) đô thị, thủ phủ
- pollution /pəˈluːʃn/ (n.): ô nhiễm
- convenience /kənˈviːniəns/ (n.): sự tiện lợi, thuận tiện
- packed /pækt/ (adj.): chật ních người
- populous /ˈpɒpjələs/ (adj.): đông dân
- shelter /ˈʃeltə(r)/ (n.): chỗ ở
Task 1. Odd one out.
1. A. pollution B. suburb C. coastal D. rural
2. A. homeless B. impoverished C. jammed D. fascinated
3. A. efficient B. fascinated C. jammed D. fabulous
4. A. convenience B. packed C. jammed D. overcrowding

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5. A. atmosphere B. feature C. metropolitan D. melting pot
Task 2. Complete the sentences using the given words.
overcrowding packed shelter extended atmosphere
1. Many people prefer to live in the countryside rather than in big cities because of its
peaceful …………………… .
2. Refugees and homeless people in the city need donated food to eat and
a …………………… to sleep.
3. The roads are …………………… as one of the solutions to deal with traffic jams.
4. …………………… in the neighborhood is one of the causes of social evils.
5. We decided to move to another restaurant because the other restaurant
was ……………………

B. Grammar
Comparison of adjectives and adverbs
Task 1. Give the comparative and superlative forms of the given words as in the
example.
E.g. tall ...taller... ...the tallest...
1. good 2. difficult
3. early 4. interesting
5. big 6. happily
7. large
Task 2. Choose the correct options.
1. These factors contribute to making city life______________ for its residents.
A. more difficult B. as difficult as C. the more difficult
2. Nothing is______________ than being stuck in a traffic jam.
A. worse B. more badly C. worst
3. These fun cards will encourage kids to spell__________.
A. better B. better than C. more good
4. Karachi in Pakistan is the second______________ city in the world in population.
A. larger B. largest C. more larger
5. Air pollution is the______________ problem in Beijing.
A. more serious B. most serious C. most seriously
6. The last exhibition was not______________ this one.
A. interesting than B. most interesting C. as interesting as
Task 3. Give the most suitable form of the words in brackets. Add “the” where
necessary.
Da Nang is the third (large) ______________ city in Viet Nam. Its population is a lot
(small) ______________ than Ho Chi Minh City or Ha Noi, but it is now by far

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(popular) ______________ tourist destination in the country. Da Nang is probably well-
known for its resorts, beaches and mountains. It is also considered one of
(clean) ______________ cities in the world. Their residents contribute
(actively) ______________ to environmental protection than many other places. For some
people, this makes Da Nang (good) ______________ place to live in Viet Nam.
Task 4. Complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the first
sentence.
1. This film is much more entertaining than the last one.
The last film was not ……………………………………………………………………..
2. I think that no student in our class is better than you are.
I think that you're …………………………………………………………………………
3. This exhibition is the least interesting I've ever attended.
I have never attended …………………………………………………………………….
4. He says Los Angeles is the most populous city in California.
He says no city ……………………………………………………………………………..
Task 5. Reorder the words to make meaningful sentences.
1. populated/ the/ is/ by far/ country/ most/ in the world./ China
…………………………………………………………………………………………………
2. costs/ This laptop/ is/ as much as/ the other one./ more user-friendly,/ twice/ much/ but/ it
…………………………………………………………………………………………………
3. the/ is/ in the world./ That/ one/ buildings/ skyscraper/ of/ tallest
…………………………………………………………………………………………………
4. in previous times./ much/ are/ than/ larger/ Today’s cities/ cities
…………………………………………………………………………………………………
5. it/ the 1990s./ in/ was/ The city/ is/ as/ the same
…………………………………………………………………………………………………

Phrasal verbs
- grow up : lớn lên, trưởng thành - go on with sth : tiếp tục làm gì đó
- dress up : ăn mặc trang trọng, lịch sự
- go over sth : kiểm tra, xem xét kỹ lưỡng - take sth off : tháo, cởi
- pull sth down : phá bỏ (một công trình, tòa nhà)
- turn sth off : tắt máy, tắt đèn, khóa vòi nước… - put sth down : viết, ghi lại
- think sth over : xem xét, suy nghĩ kĩ

Task 1. Match the phrasal verbs to their meanings.

Pull down go over dress up grow up take off
1. …………………… - destroy (a building) completely

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2. …………………… - develop into an adult
3. …………………… - remove something
4. …………………… - examine or check something carefully
5. …………………… - put on smart clothes
Task 2. Choose the best answer to complete the sentences.
1. When I ______, the town hall was already full of teenagers.
A. turned up B. turned off C. turned on
2. That’s enough for today – let’s ______it tomorrow.
A. go up B. go on with C. go on
3. He’d like to have more time to ______everything before he makes a decision.
A. think over B. get over C. take over
4. Remember to ______your shoes when you enter a Japanese house.
A. take over B. take care C. take off
5. It’s not easy to ______smoking. My uncle has tried to do it lots of times without success.
A. cheer up B. give up C. sign up
Task 3. Complete the text with the correct form of the given verbs.
live, find, apply, go, cheer, give, go, grow, turn
Linh was born and ……………… up in a small village. He left home for the city to work
three months ago. Linh soon ……………… out that everything there was a lot more
expensive than in his village. Prices were ……………… up all the time and he was not paid
well. It was hard for him ……………… on his small salary. Hence, he
decided ……………… for a part-time job as a waiter to make extra money. Unfortunately,
he was ……………… down since he did not have previous experience. However, Linh did
not ……………… up easily. He ……………… himself up and ……………… on finding
another job
Task 4. Decide whether the following sentence is correct or incorrect.
1. I’m sorry I’m late, but the car broke down on the way here, so I had to phone for a taxi.
2. I enjoyed living in London but it didn’t really lived up to my expectations.
3. My aunt found it hard to get over the death of her pet dog.
4. You don’t need the light on in here. Turn off it please.
5. The town council decided to pull the building down, as it was unsafe.
6. We are looking forward to see you again.
7. Prices were going up all the time, so she decided to look a part-time job for.

C. Reading
Read the text and do the tasks

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A. Which cities around the world provide the best or worst living conditions? Annually, the
Economist Intelligence Unit (EIU) conducts a survey to assess the quality of life in 140 cities
worldwide. Over thirty factors across five broad categories of stability, healthcare, culture
and environment, education, and infrastructure are used and given scores to rank the cities in
order - from the best to the worst. The survey only addresses a selection of cities that people
might want to live in or visit, so cities such as Kabul and Baghdad are left off the list.

B. For the year 2017, Melbourne in Australia, which scored 97.5 out of 100 was named the
most liveable city in the world again. It was the first time in the survey’s 15-year history that
a city had held the No. 1 rank for seven consecutive years. Vienna (Austria), which scored
equally with Melbourne in all categories except culture and environment, came second place.
After Vienna, Vancouver (Canada) and Toronto (Canada) were ranked third and fourth on the
list. Calgary (Canada) and Adelaide (Australia) shared the fifth spot. Unsurprisingly, Osaka,
Tokyo and Hong Kong were once again Asia’s best cities to live in. However, none of them
made it to the top 10 list.

C. The least liveable city on Earth, according to the survey, was Damascus. Given the horror
and hardship Syria had experienced in recent times, few would disagree. Lagos in Nigeria,
Tripoli in Libya, Dhaka in Bangladesh and Port Moresby in Papua New Guinea completed
the bottom five. In these cities, living conditions were the most difficult or dangerous.

D. Overall, analysts said that top-scoring cities tended to be medium-sized ones in wealthier
countries with a relatively low population density. Lower population density was linked to
lower levels of crime and better infrastructure. Meanwhile, cities with growing threats of
terrorism and political and social conflicts tended to score the lowest.

Task 1. Decide in which paragraph each detail below is mentioned. Write A, B, C or D

in the blank.
1. The name of the organisation doing the survey
2. The name of the city that got the highest total score
3. The names of the cities that were the most difficult or dangerous to live in
4. The year of the survey
5. A judgement from analysts
Task 2. Choose the categories that the EIU bases on to rank the cities according to the
text.
Education Natural features Culture/environment

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Green space Healthcare Urban sprawl
Stability Infrastructure Convenience

Task 3. Find in the text words/ phrases with the given Vietnamese equivalences.
1. = hàng năm 2. = cơ sở hạ tầng
3. = liên tục, liên tiếp 4. = đã trải qua, nếm mùi
5. = cỡ trung, cỡ vừa 6. = mật độ dân số
Task 4. Choose the correct answers to the following questions.
1. How often does the EIU carry out the survey into global liveability?
A. Once a year B. Twice a year C. Once every three years
2. How many factors does the EIU use to rank the world’s cities?
A. Nearly 140 B. Over 30 C. Nearly 10
3. How many years had the EIU been conducting the annual survey until 2017?
A. 30 years B. 140 years C. 15 years
4. What were the most liveable cities in Asia?
A. Hong Kong, Osaka and Vienna B. Melbourne and Vienna
C. Hong Kong, Osaka and Tokyo
5. Which city had the same scores as Melbourne in four categories?
A. Vienna B. Vancouver C. Calgary
6. How many cities in Australia made it to the top five most liveable cities?
A. Three B. Two C. One
7. Why would people hardly disagree about the ranking of Damascus?
A. Because of the hardship and horror in the country where Damascus is located
B. Because the city was the most dangerous city in the world.
C. None of the above.
8. According to analysts, what were common among the most liveable cities?
A. They had the most difficult and dangerous living conditions.
B. They tended to have growing threats of terrorism and political and social conflicts.
C. They tended to be mid-sized and quite low-density cities in richer countries.
Task 5. Complete the summary with the given words/phrases based on the information
from the text.
Every year, the EIU carries out a ……………………… to determine which cities around the
world “provide the best or the ……………………… living conditions.” It uses over
thirty ……………………… and gives scores for each to rank 140 cities worldwide in order.
In 2017, ……………………… got the highest score and became the most liveable city
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for ……………………… year running. Vienna, Vancouver, Toronto,
and ……………………… and Adelaide completed the top five. At the other end of the
spectrum, Damascus, Lagos, Tripoli, Dhaka, and ………………… are the least liveable
cities. And these worst cities tended to have major ……………………… .

Inseparable phrasal verbs

No. Phrasal verbs Vietnamese equivalence

1 Apply for sth ứng tuyển, xin, đăng ký (việc làm)

chăm sóc (người bị bệnh, người già, trẻ nhỏ,

2 Care for sb
v.v)

3 Come back về, trở về

4 Break down hỏng, ngưng chạy (xe cộ, máy móc)

5 Deal with sth giải quyết, đương đầu với

6 Dress up ăn mặc trang trọng, lịch sự

chấp nhận, đương đầu, đối mặt với, giải

7 Face up to sth
quyết

8 Get on tiến bộ

9 Get on with sb hòa hợp, hòa thuận với ai đó

hồi phục, bình phục (sau trận ốm), vượt qua

10 Get over sth
được (điều gì đó không vui trong quá khứ)

11 Get up thức dậy

12 Go on (doing sth) diễn ra, tiếp tục làm gì

13 Go on with sth Tiếp tục làm/với việc gì

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 14 Go over sth kiểm tra, xem xét kỹ lưỡng

15 Go up tăng, tăng lên

16 Grow up lớn lên, trưởng thành

17 Live on sth đủ sống, sống bằng, sống dựa vào

18 Live up to sth đáp ứng

19 Look after sb/sth trông coi, chăm sóc

20 Look for sb/sth tìm, tìm kiếm

Look forward to
21 mong chờ, trông mong tới sự kiện nào đó
sth/doing sth

22 Look through sth đọc lướt qua, đọc một lượt

Keep up with
23 bắt kịp, theo kịp
sb/sth

24 Put up with sb/sth chịu đựng

Set off (for

25 khởi hành, bắt đầu chuyến đi (tới đâu đó)
somewhere)

26 Sign up (for sth) đăng ký (khóa học nào đó)

27 Turn up đến, xuất hiện

28 Turn back quay đầu, quay trở lại đường cũ

29 Run out of sth hết, cạn kiệt

Separable phrasal verbs

No. Phrasal verbs Vietnamese equivalence

1 Bring sth out xuất bản, phát hành, ra mắt

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 2 Close sth down đóng cửa, ngừng hoạt động

3 Cheer sb up làm ai đó vui

4 Cut sth down chặt, đốn (cây cối)

5 Give sth up từ bỏ, dừng làm gì

6 Look sth up kiểm tra, tra cứu

7 Put sth down viết, ghi lại

8 Pull sth down tháo dỡ, phá bỏ (một công trình, tòa nhà)

9 Put sth on mặc (quần áo)

10 Put sth off hoãn, trì hoãn

11 Pass sth down truyền lại (cho thế hệ sau)

Thành lập, tạo dựng (doanh nghiệp, tổ

12 Set sth up
chức…)

kế nhiệm, nối nghiệp, tiếp quản (doanh

13 Take sth over
nghiệp, tổ chức…)

14 Think sth over xem xét, suy nghĩ kĩ

15 Turn sb/sth down từ chối

16 Turn sth on Khởi động máy, bật đèn, mở vòi nước…

17 Turn sth off tắt máy, tắt đèn, khóa vòi nước…

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