The Dynamic Host Configuration
Protocol(DHCP) is a network management
protocolused on UDP/IP networks whereby a DHCP
server dynamically assigns an IP address and other
network configuration parameters to each device on a
network so they can communicate with other IP networks.
[1] A DHCP server enables computers to request IP
addresses and networking parameters automatically from
the Internet service provider (ISP), reducing the need
for a network administrator or a user to manually
assign IP addresses to all network devices.[1]In the
absence of a DHCP server, a computer or other device on
the network needs to be manually assigned an IP address,
or to assign itself an APIPA address, which will not enable
it to communicate outside its local subnet.
DHCP can be implemented on networks ranging in size
from home networks to large campus networks and
regional Internet service provider networks.
[2] A router or a residential gateway can be enabled
to act as a DHCP server. Most residential network routers
receive a globally unique IP address within the ISP
network. Within a local network, a DHCP server assigns a
local IP address to each device connected to the network.