Health

Lesson 1.1
Well-being
“The state of health and wellness”
Wellness
“The balance of physical, emotional, intellectual and social health”

Types of health
Physical
“Physical fitness and the ability to cope with everyday physical tasks”
Emotional
“Mood, outlook on life, and beliefs about yourself”
Intellectual
“Think clearly, and critically, learn, and solve problem”
Social
“relationship with others”

A continuum of Health
Optimal health
“State of excellent health and wellness in all areas of your life”

Note
Physical Health Emotional Health Intellectual Health Social Health
7/10 9/10 8.5/10 6.5/10
-eat better -keep doing -keep doing -keeping doing
-worker out more

Diseases and Disorders

Disease
“Poor state of health and wellness in various of your life”
Acute diseases
“Diseases that occur and resolve quickly”
Chronic diseases
“Diseases that occur for many years, even for lifetimes”
Disorder
“Abnormal physical or mental condition with no single identifiable cause”

Lesson 1.2
Health Literacy
Health literacy
“The ability to locate, interpret, and apply information pertaining to your health”

Science or Pseudoscience
Science
“A collection of and the pursuit of knowledge about the natural world drawn from
observation and experimentation”
Scientific Knowledge
“Conclusion about the natural world that have been obtained through
peer-reviewed, repeatable observation and experimentation”
Pseudoscience
“Theories and health claims that are describe as being based in science when they
are not”

Health Promotion
Health promotion
“A process in which you take charge of your own health and wellness by making
responsible and well-informed decisions”

Lifelong Learning
Lifelong learning
“A continuing pursuit of learning and studying that carries through your entire life;
a key component of your ability to take charge of your own health”
Lesson 1.3
Personal skills for Health and Wellness
Decision-Making and Goal-Setting Skills
Decision-making skills
“Your ability to make choices about your health and wellness”
Goals
“A short-term or long-term plan of action that will guide you to the state of
wellness you hope to reach”

Abstinence and Refusal Skills

Refusal skills
“your ability to stand up to pressures and influences that hinder your progress
toward wellness”

Getting Along with Others

Interpersonal skills
“your ability to interact positively with those around you”

Lesson 1.4
Our healthcare system
Primary Healthcare
Primary care physician
“a regular doctor who provides checkups, screenings, treatments, and
prescriptions”

Medical Specialists
Specialist
“medical providers who are extensively trained in one or two areas of health a
physician may refer you to a specialist to seek specific treatments”
Healthcare Settings
Inpatient facilities
“a hospital where patients reside overnight while receiving diagnosis, treatment,
surgery, therapy, and rehabilitation”
Outpatient facility
“a healthcare establishment where patients receive diagnosis or treatment, but do
not reside overnight”

Health Insurance
Premium
“a regular fee paid in exchange for insurance service”
Deductible
“the amount you pay for healthcare services each year before your insurance
company begins to take on the cost”

Affordable Care Act

Affordable Care Act
“law passed in 2010 to expand access to insurance, address cost reduction and
affordability, improve the quality of healthcare, and introduce the Patient’s Bill of
Rights”
Patient’s Bill of Rights
“summary of a patient’s rights regarding fair treatment and appropriate
information”

Controlling Your Healthcare Costs

Generic drug
“a medication that can be made by many different companies costs less than
brand-name medicines but may be just as effective”
Chapter 3
What Nutrients Does Your Body Need?
Lesson 3.1
Nutrient
“a chemical substance that gives your body what it needs to grow and
function properly ”
Carbohydrates
“a nutrient and major source of energy for the body”​
1. Sugars (simple)
2. Starches (complex)
3. Fiber
Glucose
“a type of carbohydrate and the preferred source of energy for the brain and
central nervous system”
Glycogen
“a stored version of glucose located in the muscles and liver supplies energy
between meals”
Fiber
“a complex carbohydrate that the body is unable to digest”
Cholesterol
“a type of fat made by the body that is also present in some foods”
Protein
“a nutrient the body uses to build and maintain all types of cells can provide
energy in the absence of fat and carbohydrates”​
1. Complete- contains a 11-9 essentials (animal)
2. Incomplete - lacks one or more essentials (plants)
Complementary proteins
Types of Proteins
Amino acids
“a small chemical unit that makes up proteins”
Hormone
“a chemical substance in your body that influences fl many basic process”

Fats
Fats
“a type of nutrient, composed of fatty acids, that is a valuable source of
energy, especially for muscles”
Saturated fats
“a type of fat found primarily in animal-based foods that is solid at room
temperature” (animals)
Unsaturated fats
“a type of fat that is liquid at room temperature and is found in plant-based
foods ” (plants)
Trans fat
“a type of fat that is created by hydrogenation poses health risks
acknowledged by the FDA ”

Vitamins
“organic substances derived from plants or animals, which are necessary for
normal growth and development”
1.​ Fat-Soluble - A,D,E,K
“a type of vitamin that dissolves in water and passes into the
bloodstream”
2.​ Water-Soluble - B complex, C
“a type of vitamin that dissolves in the body’s fat, where it is stored for
later use”
Minerals
Minerals
“inorganic elements found in soil and water ingested by the body after being
absorbed into plants”
1.​ Macro>100mg./day
2.​ Trace <100mg./day
Osteoporosis
“a dangerous condition in which bones are fragile and may break easily can
be caused by a lack of calcium during childhood and adolescence”
Anemia
“a condition causing weakness, tiredness, and headaches results from
decrease in red blood cells or insufficient hemoglobin”

Water
Dehydration
“a condition in which the body’s tissues lose too much water”

Lesson 3.2
Meet Needs Within Calorie Limits
Calorie
“a unit of measurement for energy provided by food”
Metabolism
“the rate at which the body uses energy”
Nutrient-dense food
“a relatively low-calorie food that provides vitamins, minerals, and other
healthful substances”
Poor Nutrition
Undernutrition
“A condition in which the body takes in too few nutrients for health and
growth”
Overnutrition
“A condition in which the body takes in too much of some nutrients or too
many calorie”

Lesson 3.3
Food Labels and Food Safety
Daily Values
“The recommended amounts of nutrients that a person should consume

each day”

Ingredients in Foods
Food additives
“substances added to food products to cause desired change”
Generally recognized as safe (GRAS)
“food additives that have been studied and are considered harmless by the
government”
Food and Drug Administration (FDA)
“a government agency that regulates medications, biological products,
medical devices, food supply, cosmetics, and radiation- emitting product”
Organic food
“a type of food that is produced without pesticides, bioengineering, or
high-energy radiation”
When Food Causes Illness
foodborne illness
“a disease that is transmitted by food food poisoning”
foodborne infection
“an illness caused by a bacterium, virus, or parasite that has contaminated a
food”
foodborne intoxication
“an illness caused by toxins that an organism has produced in a food toxins
may also be produced by chemicals, heavy metals, or other substances”
food intolerance
“a condition in which a person cannot properly digest a certain type of food”
gluten
“a protein found in wheat, rye, oats, and barley”
food allergy
“an immune response in which the body reacts to a certain type of food as
though the food were a harmful substance may manifest itself in rashes,
swelling, difficulty breathing, indigestion, or dizziness”

Lesson 6.1
The Benefits of Improved Physical Fitness
Fitness
“the body’s ability to meet daily physical demands”
Endorphins
“chemicals found mainly in the brain that affect emotions and relieve pain”
Improving Your Physical Fitness
Sedentary behavior
“activities such as sitting or lying down that use very little energy”
Physical Activity Guidelines for Americans
“a set of recommendations developed by the government, health
professionals, and policymakers to help Americans improve their health
through appropriate physical activity”
Exercise
“term that describes a type of physical activity that is planned, structured,
and purposeful”
Physical activity
“broad term that describes structured exercise as well as other activities that
use energy”

Lesson 6.2
The Components of Physical Fitness
Components of fitness
“different types of fitness, such as strength and flexibility”
Health-related fitness
“type of fitness used to easily fi perform daily activities”
Aerobic
“activity involving the use of oxygen to fuel processes in the body”
Anaerobic
“activity occurring in the absence of oxygen”
Cardiorespiratory fitness
“term that describes how efficiently the cardiovascular fitness and
respiratory systems deliver oxygen to the muscles during prolonged physical
activity”
Intensity
“a quality that is measured by how much energy the body uses per minute
during physical activity”
Target heart rate
“the heart rate to aim for while performing aerobic exercise that leads to
optimal cardiorespiratory fitness varies by age”
Flexibility
“the ability to bend without injury or breakage”
Range of motion
“a measure of flexibility fl that tells how far a joint or body part can be
moved”
Skill-related fitness
“type of fitness that fi improves a person’s performance in a particular
sport”
Agility
“the ability to quickly change the body’s momentum and direction”
Overload principle
“standard which states that gradual increase of a physical demand on the
body will improve fitness”
Specific principle
“standard which states that exercising a particular component leads to
improvements in the fitness of only that component”
Progression principle
“standard which states that FITT factors should be increased over time to
improve fitness”
Cross training
“training in different activities to improve performance in a sport and
reduce the risk of injury”
Lesson 6.3
Fitness Safety
Female athlete
“triad a health problem characterized by three conditions—amenorrhea,
disordered eating, and osteoporosis”
Amenorrhea
“a condition in which a female’s menstrual cycle is abnormally absent”

Lesson 4.1
What is a Healthy Weight?
Body composition
“the ratio of fat, bone, and muscle that naturally make up a person’s body”
Body mass index (BMI)
“a number calculated from a person’s height and weight an indicator of
excess body fat”
Overweight
“a condition characterized by having excess body weight for a particular
height can be due to fat, bone, muscle, or water”
Obesity
“a condition characterized by having excess body fat for adults, a BMI of 30
or higher”
Skinfold test
“a method of measuring body composition in which a person uses a skinfold
caliper to measure the thickness of a fold of fat”
Underweight
“a condition characterized by having too little body weight for a particular
height”