Fiction JERICHO VILLANUEVA, LPT.
LECTURER
LANGUAGES, COMMUNICATION, AND HUMANITIES DEPARTMENT
COLLEGE OF ARTS AND SCIENCES
Fiction
Is literature created from the
imagination, not presented as fact,
though may be based on a true story
or situation.
First, stories are fun to read.
Second, for many people, stories
are fun to conceptualize and
even write.
(Cayanan, 201
CATEGORIES of
Fiction
Fairyt
ale
Mytho
logy Hyacinthus &
apollo
Legen
d
Novel
Novele
tte
Short
Story
Fable
Parable
Allegor
y
Elements of
Fiction
Plot
Is the way in which the events in a
story are arranged.
Causality is more
important than
Chronology.
I just got out of Math class.
I saw my teacher trip and
spill her coffee on her
white dress.
I went to my next class.
Stories are interesting
because in life,
unremarkable
moments outnumber
Causality is more
important than
Chronology.
I just got out of Math class.
I saw my crush. she smiled
at me. My heart leapt.
I went to my next class
with a wide grin.
Parts of plot: Climax
Develop
ment Denoue
Activati ment
ng
incident
Opening Inverted
checkmark model
However, the author has full
control of the plot.
Plot devices:
Flashback
Flashforward
In Medias res
Stream of consciousness
Foreshadowing
Flashback
Flashforward
In medias res
Stream of
consciousness
foreshadowing
I sat at my usual seat in Mr. Goldbrook’s class,
a SMILE PLASTERED ON MY FACE. She smiled
at me, I mouthed. At me. I could hardly believe
it. Mr. Goldbrook began the class with the
usual roll call.
“Maria Hill.”
“Here.”
A moment ago, I wouldn’t have believed it if
someone said she noticed me. It was as if I am
in court and I had discovered an incriminating
evidence. Guilty as charged, she noticed me.
CONFLICT
referred To as clash of wills in a story
Internal
also known as man vs. himself. The
Conflict
conflict happens to the character himself.
This can be the only cause of conflict or
this can be one of the causes that
heighten the tension among characters in
the story .
External
A character struggles against an outside
Conflict
force, such as nature, a physical obstacle,
or another character. (Ang, 2012) There
are many kinds of external conflicts; man
vs. man, man vs. society, man vs. nature,
man vs. supernatural, man vs. Destiny.
Character
Makes the story possible as they are
the doers in the story.
Types of character:
Protagonist
Antagonist
Antihero
Flat Character
Type/stock Character
Dynamic Character
Round Character
Types of character:
Protagonist is the
main character of the
story.
Types of character:
Antagonist is the
villain of the story.
Types of character:
Antihero is the main
character of the
story, but does not
act like a typical
protagonist.
Types of character:
Flat characters are
secondary
characters who do
not develop all
throughout the
story.
Types of character:
Type/stock
characters are
ones who
represent specific
stereotypes.
Types of character:
Dynamic character
is a character who
develops all
throughout the
story. They change
into someone
different by the
end of the story.
Types of character:
Round character is
a character who
changes all
throughout the
story. They exhibit
depth and
complexity of
personality.
Socia Physic
l al
Psychologi Moral
cal
Direct Method
The story incorporates moments of
exposition—in which case, information is
injected into the narration,
She used to feel slighted whenever her
siblings-in-laws recalled with such intense,
exaggerated regret, the way their brilliant
brother squandered his money and his
talents, and oh, all the wrong decisions he
made along the way. Including, though
they would never say directly, his decision
to marry nenita.
InDirect
Happens when readers need to figure out
Method
what the characters are like based on
their thoughts, actions, and speech.
“If this were Survivor,” Philip said as we made
our way to the training room across the floor,
“we could just vote Mitch off the island.” His
voice then hiked to a falsetto. “Do I have to be
there, brock?”
“Instead of snuffing her touch,” Macky said,
“someone can break her headset in half.”
“Why not vote Brock off the island?” Alvin
asked.
“Brock is Jeff Probst, the host,” Karen said.
Philip dismissed our blather with a wave.
Point of view
Determines what details about the
plot, setting, and characters we have
access as readers.
Plot devices:
First person POV
Second Person POV
Third Person Limited
Third Person Omniscient
When writers choose a
particular POV, they also
choose to ignore (or
hide) particular details.
Setting
Refers to the immediate and literal
locale in which the action happens,
the time in which it happens, and
the conditions of climate and
weather presented in the story.
One important function
of setting is grounding.
Guidelines for
reading fiction
Step 1. Preview the
story
1. Consider the title
2. Ask about what you know about
the author.
Babycakes
By neil
gaiman
Step 2. Read the Story
actively
1. Underline things that seem
important.
2. Note questions, ambiguities, and
your own reactions.
3. Keep asking questions as you read.
Babycakes
By neil
gaiman
A few years back all the animals went away.
We woke up one morning, and they just
weren’t there anymore. They didn’t even
leave us a note, or say goodbye. We never
figured out quite where they’d gone.
Babycakes
By neil
gaiman
We missed them.
Some of us thought that the world had
ended, but it hadn’t. There just weren’t
any more animals. No cats or rabbits, no
dogs or whales, no fish in the seas, no birds
Babycakes
By neil
gaiman
We were all alone.
We didn’t know what to do.
Babycakes
By neil
gaiman
We wandered around lost, for a time, and
then someone pointed out that just
because we didn’t have animals anymore,
that was no reason to change our lives. No
reason to change our diets or to cease
testing products that might cause us harm.
Babycakes
By neil
gaiman
After all, there were still babies.
Babies can’t talk. They can hardly move. A
baby is not a rational, thinking creature.
Babycakes
By neil
gaiman
We made babies.
And we used them.
Some of them we ate. Baby flesh is tender
and succulent.
Babycakes
By neil
gaiman
We flayed their skin and decorated
ourselves in it. Baby leather is soft and
comfortable.
Some of them we tested.
Babycakes
By neil
gaiman
We taped open their eyes, dripped detergents
and shampoos in, a drop at a time.
We scarred them and scalded them. We burnt
them. We clamped them and planted
electrodes into their brains. We grafted, and
Babycakes
By neil
gaiman
The babies breathed our smoke, and the
babies’ veins flowed with our medicines
and drugs, until they stopped breathing or
until their blood ceased to flow.
It was hard, of course, but it was necessary.
Babycakes
By neil
gaiman
No one could deny that.
With the animals gone, what else could we
do?
Some people complained, of course. But
Babycakes
By neil
gaiman
And everything went back to normal.
Only…
Yesterday, all the babies were gone.
Babycakes
By neil
gaiman
We don’t know where they went. We didn’t
even see them go.
We don’t know what we’re going to do without
them.
Babycakes
By neil
gaiman
We’ll figure something out.
Babycakes
By neil
gaiman
Step 3. Respond promptly
to1.the story
Write some initial response to the
story.
THANK YOU FOR
LISTENING!
JERICHO VILLANUEVA, LPT.
LECTURER
LANGUAGES, COMMUNICATION, AND HUMANITIES DEPARTMENT
COLLEGE OF ARTS AND SCIENCES
