NUMERICAL

REASONING
NUMERICAL REASONING
This section of your test measures the ability to understand, interpret and logically
evaluate numerical information. You will need to work both quickly and accurately
to perform well in this test.
Please try to attempt every question before the time limit. If you cannot answer a
question in time, use your best guess.

You will require a calculator and some rough paper for this test. Please ensure that
you have these before starting this test

We recommend that you have a stop watch at hand to manual assess how fast you
were at solving each question. Your best time should be around 1minute.

Good luck!
 WORLD FOSSIL FUEL REGULATION

UK Coal Energy
UK Mines Extraction Electricity Remaining coal
(000s tonnes production per (millions of
per year kg (units) tonnes)
Folen 46,324 17.0 68.27
Dirme 34,953 12.3 70.95
Lit 74,036 14.2 62.73
Ryken 13,684 21.0 61.02
All Others 385,306 14.7 82.63

1 tonne = 1,000 kilograms

-An average UK household utilizes 4.5 units of electricity per day
-One unit of electricity is sold for £0.08

1. Which mine can produce the greatest amount of units of electricity before it runs
out of coal?
A. Folen
B. Dirme
C. lit
D Ryken
E. All Others

2. At the continued rate of extraction, in how many years is the coal from the Folen
Mine likely to run out?
A. 1.5 years
B. 3 years
C. 4.5 years
D 6 years
E. 7 .5 years

3. If there are 22.36 million homes in the UK, approximately how much money in total
do UK households pay for their electricity per year? Assume 365 days in a year.
A. £850,000
B. £2.94 million
C. £8 million
D £652 million
E. £2,938 million

4. What is the total number of units (in millions) of electricity produced each year based
on the current extraction rates of coal from all mines combined assuming all mines
have an endless supply of coal?
A. 1.05 million
B. 4.29 million
C. 7.87 million
D. 8.2 million
E. 11.9 million
 New mellum Retail Outlets
Staff Purchase Cost to Company per item
Quantity
Type No Dress code* Trousers Suits Shirts Shoes
Office 212 Admin 1-10 £13.54 £137.65 £7.67 £32.35
Sales 64 Admin 11-25 £8.64 £112.35 £5.23 £28.64
Senior 16 Admin 26-50 £8.26 £98.34 £4.25 £23.65
Delivery 33 Operational 51-99 £7.64 £85.64 £4.05 £20.32
warehouse 112 Operational 100+ £7.49 £76.15 £3.26 £18.64

* Operational workers are only entitled to shirt, trousers and shoes.

.Admin workers are only entitled to suits with shoes.

5. If all staff, both operations and admin, were required to wear trousers, shirts and
shoes, how much would this cost the company?
A. £4,698
B. £12,843
C. £18,648
D. £27,364
E. £33,615

6. What percentage discount is offered on admin uniforms for purchase quantities

greater than 100, compared to the price for the smallest purchase quantity?
A. 42.4%
B. 44.2%
C. 49.9%
D. 55.8%
E. 57.6%
7. Which type of staff will cost the company the least in providing uniforms?
A. Office
B. Sales
C. Senior
D Delivery
E. Warehouse

8. How much money would the company save if delivery staff and warehouse staff
wore the same uniforms and their purchases could therefore be combined?
A. £136.95
B. £223.41
C. £346.50
D. £432.96
E. £516.85
 DEMOGRAPHIC AND INFRASTRUCTURE INFORMATION

South Africa Australia Argentina

Population (m) 36.50 19.20 35.60
GNP (in USA $m) 122,675 315,500 227,500
Economically Active Pop. (%) 36.10 50.10 39.00
Urban : Rural Pop. (%) 61.1: 38. 9 86.0:14.0 86.4:13.6
Telephones (m) 3.82 8.51 4.35
Vehicles-Cars (m) 3.50 8.10 4.10
Vehicles-Trucks & Buses (m) 1.90 2.00 1.60
Total Road Length (m of km) 0.19 0.82 0.22
M = millions

9. What is the GNP per person in Argentina?

A. $386
B. $3,860
C. $6,390
D $24,920
E. $63,904

10. What is the approximate ratio of the number of telephones in South Africa to the
number of telephones in Australia?
A. 2:5
B. 2:7
C. 1:3
D. 4:9
E. 2:3
11. How many people live in urban areas in South Africa?
A. 223,015
B. 597,381
C. 5,973,810
D. 22,301,500
E. 28,397,000
 100%
90% 20%
35%
80%
70% 21%

60% Hong Kong

21%
50% Japan

40% 37% Korea

15%
Rest of Asia
30%
Rest of the World
20% 19%
17%
10%
10% 5%
0%
Tequental ($4,000 Parnol($2,000 million)
million)

12. The amount of Tequental sales in the Rest of the World is forecast to rise at 20%
per year, while the amount of Tequental sales in Korea is expected to remain
constant. How long will it take for Tequental sales in the Rest of the World to exceed
those in Korea?
A. 1 year
B. 2 years
C. 3 years
D. 4 years
E. 5 years
13. In which region do Parnol sales exceed (in $) Tequental sales?
A. Rest of World
B. Rest of Asia
C. Korea
D. Japan
E. Hong Kong

14. By how many dollars do Tequental sales exceed Parnol sales in the whole of Asia?
A. $1,5OOm
B. $1,600m
C. $1,700m
D. $1,8OOm
E. Cannot say
 Sales Figures For The 5 Popular Cars
12
9.74
10
Units sold (millions)

8 7.54

6.22 6.15
6 5.14 5.34
4.79 4.32
4 3.33
2.21
2

0
G02F F326 E323 S365 G636
Private Cars Business Cars

MODAL CODE G02F F326 E323 S365 G636

Production cost £16,000 £14,390 £11,654 £17,265 £11,314
Retail Price £22,000 £20,968 £16,745 £24,547 £15,265
Engine size (litres) 1.8 2.0 1.6 2.3 1.8
Miles per UK Gallon 32 27 38 37 35
Fuel cost (per UK gallon) £4.75 £4.75 £5.05 £5.05 £4.75

15. If a gallon is 4.55 litres, how many litres would the most fuel-economic model use
for a journey of 200 miles?
A. 24 litres
B. 25 litres
C. 26 litres
D. 27 litres
E. 28 litres
16. A customer drives 10,000 miles a year on average. Considering the retail price
and fuel economy only, how many years would the customer have to drive the model
G02F for it to be more economical than the F326?
A. 1 Year
B. 2 Years
C. 3 Years
D. 4 Years
E. 5 Years

17. A customer drives 10,000 miles a year on average. Considering the retail price
and fuel economy only, how many years would the customer have to drive the model
G02F for it to be more economical than the F326?
A. 1 Year
B. 2 Years
C. 3 Years
D. 4 Years
E. 5 Years

18. Considering the number of vehicles bought as business cars, how much profit did
the model that benefited the most by targeting this market make?
A. £20,513 million
B. £35,126 million
C. £50,684 million
D. £65,236 million
E. £80,457 million
 BARSBRUNG – This Month’s Product (Sales by Staff)
Product A Product B Product C Product D Product E
Staff Sales Sales
Sales profit Sales profit Sales profit
profit profit
Xiao 112 1, 344 64 768 94 1, 128 32 384 20 240
Sarah 37 629 95 1, 615 56 952 36 612 41 697
Mike 42 336 10 80 74 592 42 336 56 448
Abdul 58 1,334 35 805 68 1, 564 10 230 94 2, 162
Nigel 22 132 94 564 43 258 24 144 23 138

- Commission is paid at 5% of the profits of total sales by staff

- Profit is in (£s)

19. Which staff member made the highest number of sales this month?
A. Xiao
B. Sarah
C. Mike
D. Abdul
E. Nigel

20. Which staff member earned the greatest commission this month?
A. Xiao
B. Sarah
C. Mike
D. Abdul
E. Nigel

21. Which product brought in the greatest profit this month?

A. Product A
B. Product B
C. Product C
D. Product D
E. Product E
 LIFESTACK STORES
Store Floor Space (m2) Turnover (000s Turnover as % Operating Costs
per week) of last year (millions per
year)
Eastern 300 100 75 2.23
Western 400 60 160 0.78
Central 450 140 96 1.94
Northern 500 50 80 0.83
Southern 600 90 120 0.70

22. If operating costs remain constant from last year to this, which store had the
highest turnover per unit operating cost last year?
A. Southern
B. Northern
C. Central
D. Western
E. Eastern

23. Which store produced the highest turnover last year, per metre squared of floor
space?
A. Southern
B. Northern
C. Central
D. Western
E. Eastern

24. If operating costs have remained the same as last year, for which store was the
ratio of turnover to operating costs the largest that year?
A. Southern
B. Northern
C. Central
D. Western
E. Eastern

Annual Air Traffic

(in 1000s of milllion of passengers
4
3.5
0.4
3

2.5
0.1 0.9

2 0.3
1.5 1
0.7
1

0.5
1 1.2
0
5 YEARS AGO TODAY
USA Asia-Pacific Europe Rest of the World

25. If the increase in global passenger air traffic continues at the current rate,
approximately how many annual air passengers (millions) will there be in 5 years’
time?
A. 5,830m
B. 53,900m
C. 58,300m
D. 539,000m
E. None of these

26. What is the percentage increase in global passenger air traffic over the last 5
years?
A. 37%
B. 47%
C. 57%
D. 67%
E. None of these

27. The average distance flown per passenger departing within Europe 5 years ago
was 1,000km. Today this figure has decreased by 20%. By how many percent has the
total distance travelled by flights departing in Europe changed today?
A. 30% decrease
B. 15% decrease
C. No change
D. 120% increase
E. 140% increase

Bentrim Outsourcing – figures last year

Outsourcing Total time for
Offshores Resource
(UK) Completion of projects
Average time
Projects Estimated
Region Projects spent per
Managers Time per
project
project
Asia 19 13 325 hours 278 hours
Americas 10 6 372 hours 382 hours
Europe 6 4 274 hours 279 hours
Africa 6 7 127 hours 148 hours
Australia 2 3 302 hours 298 hours

28. Which region spent the least time per manager on their projects?
A. Asia
B. Americas
C. Europe
D. Africa
E. Australia

29. What is the average time spent per outsourced project, across all regions for all
of the projects?
A. 112 hours
B. 271 hours
C. 956 hours
D. 8,952 hours
E. 9,348 hours

Operating Performance For International Paper Goods (IPG)

(EUR million) 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000
Net sales 1, 600 2, 158 2, 568 2, 375 2, 508 2, 709
Cost of
1, 089 1,487 1, 661 1, 508 1, 568 1, 716
goods sold
Sales margin 511 671 886 867 922 993
Fixed costs 289 411 582 578 592 596
Operating
222 260 304 289 331 397
cash flow

30. The average annual growth rate in Net Sales for the industry from 1995 onwards
was 20%. By how many EUR did the Net Sales of IPG exceed the industry average by
1997?
A. 320m
B. 324m
C. 328m
D. 332m
E. None of these
31. If Net Sales increased from 1994 to 1995 by the same percentage as from 1995 to
1996, what was the Sales Margin (in EUR m) in 1994?
A. 359m
B. 369m
C. 379m
D. 389m
E. Cannot say

32. Between which years did the largest percentage growth in Sales Margin occur?
A. 1995-1996
B. 1996-1997
C. 1997-1998
D. 1998-1999
E. 1999-2000

KOX Delivery Services (Vehicle Kilometers by Month)

Month Month Month Month Month Month
Deport Totals
1 2 3 4 5 6
Asquith
980 1, 004 614 1, 504 974 1, 016 6,092
Crescent
Turly
1, 260 644 992 1, 050 1,642 1, 118 6, 706
Gardens
Totals 2, 240 1, 648 1, 606 2, 554 2, 616 2, 139 12, 798

33. Between which two months did the lowest percentage change occur in total
delivery distance (kms)?
A. 1 to 2
B. 2 to 3
C. 3 to 4
D. 4 to 5
E. 5 to 6
34. If Asquith Crescent's maintenance costs per kilometer is Euro 0.10 less than Turly
Gardens, and if Turly Gardens' maintenance costs were Euro 450.80 in Month 2, what
were the maintenance costs for Asquith Crescent in Month 2?
A. Euro 368
B. Euro 584
C. Euro 588
D. Euro 602
E. Euro 902

35. If the maintenance cost per kilometre is Euro 0.70, what was the difference in
maintenance costs between Asquith Crescent and Turly Gardens in Month 5 (to the
nearest whole Euro)?
A. Euro 71
B. Euro 252
C. Euro 265
D. Euro 318
E. Euro 468

Darwin Enterprises Financial Information

Year 1 Year 2 Year 3
Turnover (£m𝗍) 11. 40 10. 60 8. 50
Income (£m*) 9. 20 3. 10 1. 10
Assets (£m*) 42. 30 28. 70 32. 60
Debt (£m*) 9. 70 6. 50 17. 80
Profit Margin (%) 80. 70 29. 25 12. 94
Share Price
108. 00 85. 60 56. 60
(pence)
Number of shares
50 50 50
(m*)
36. Which of the following formulae has been used to calculate Profit Margin?
A. Income/ (Turnover x 100)
B. Income/ (Debt x 100)
C. (Income/Turnover) x 100
D. (Income/Debt) x 100
E None of these

37. If Darwin Enterprise's Share Price/Income ratio had remained constant from Year
1 onwards, what would the Share Price have been in Year 3?
1 penny = 1/100 of a Pound £
A. 12.9p
B. 25.7p
C. 37.3p
D. 48.Sp
E. Cannot say

38. What would the Turnover be in Year 4 if it continued to decrease at the same rate
as between Year 2 and Year 3?
A. f5.9m
B. f6.lm
C. f6.4m
D. f6.8m
E. f7.lm
 Livestock Stones
Floors Space Operating
Turnover(000s Turnover as %
Store Costs (millions
(m2) per week) of last year
per year)
Eastern 300 100 75 2.23
Western 400 60 160 0.78
Central 450 140 96 1.94
Northern 500 50 80 0.83
Southern 600 90 120 0.70

39. If plans show that stores can yield 15% more turnover than they did last year,
which store is predicted to produce the highest turnover next year?
A. Southern
B. Northern
C. Central
D. Western
E. Eastern

40. Which store has the highest ratio of turnover to operating costs?
A. Southern
B. Northern
C. Central
D. Western
E. Eastern

40. If operating costs remain constant from last year to this, which store had the
highest turnover per unit operating cost last year?
A. Southern
B. Northern
C. Central
D. Western
E. Eastern

Red Petroleum Inc.- 6 Month Target Review

Daily Oil Production (000s Litres)**
production Productio
Oil
target of n cost per Month Month Month Month Month Month
Rig
oil (000s) Gallon ($) 1 2 3 4 5 6
Gallon
D64 256 $0. 25 30, 102 29, 403 28, 642 26, 036 27, 956 30, 215

S23 127 $0. 16 12, 220 17, 236 12, 542 15, 423 11, 036 15, 651

L09 32 $0. 22 4, 236 3, 212 2, 541 3, 695 4, 032 4, 122

H42 115 $0. 31 12, 365 11, 336 18, 531 13, 215 12, 036 9, 015

A56 78 $0. 21 8, 456 8,123 8, 621 7, 924 8, 123 8, 325

* 1 Gallon (US) = 3. 785 litres

** Assume 30 Days in each month

41. If a gallon of oil is sold at $0.89, how much profit would Oil Rig D64 have made in
the 6-month period (based on targets, and taking production costs into account)?
A. $0.26 million
B. $7 .68 million
C. $14.65 million
D. $22.12 million
E. $29 .so million

42. If a liter of oil is sold at $0.89, which oil rig made the most profit in the 6 month
period?
A. D64
B. 523
C. L09
D. H42
E. A56

43. What was the approximate cost of total oil production in Month 1?
A. $2.25 million
B. $4.23 million
C. $7.12 million
D. $8.26 million
E. $9.41 million

Newspaper Readership

Percentage of adult reading

Daily Readership (millions)
each paper in year 3
Newspaper
Year 1 Year 2 Males Females
The Daily
3. 6 2. 9 7 6
Chronicle
Daily News 13. 8 9. 3 24 18
The Tribune 1. 1 1.4 4 3
The Herald 8 .5 12. 7 30 23
Daily Echo 4. 8 4. 9 10 12

44. Which newspaper was read by a higher percentage of females than males in Year
3?
A. The Tribune
B. The Herald
C. Daily News
D. Daily Echo
E. The Daily Chronicle

45. What was the combined readership of the Daily Chronicle, the Daily Echo, and
The Tribune in Year 1?
A. 10.6
B. 8.4
C. 9.5
D. 12.2
E. 7.8

46. In Year 3, how much more than Italy did Germany spend on computer imports?
A. 650 million
B. 700 million
C. 750 million
D. 800 million
E. 850 million
47. If the amount spent on computer imports into the United Kingdom in Year 5 was
20% lower than in Year 4, what was spent in Year 5?
A. 1,080 million
B. 1,120 million
C. 1,160 million
D. 1,220 million
E. 1,300 million
ANSWERS TO SHL TESTS

1. ANSWER: D
Again, the ‘Ryken’ mine extracts the least amount of coal and also still produces the
highest amount of electricity. Also, it has a high amount of coal remaining in the
reservoir. This is another indication that it will produce the greatest before it runs out
of coal.

2. ANSWER: A
The total amount of coal is 68,270,000 when 48324000 tonnes are extracted by
68270000
Folen mine is: = = 1.47 ≈ 1.5 𝑦𝑒𝑎𝑟𝑠
46324000

3. ANSWER: E
An average (i.e. one) UK household utilizes 4.5 units electricity per day. The amount
of electricity consumed by 22.36 million homes in a year is = 4.5 × 22,360,000 ×
365 = 36,726,300,000
The price for this is 36,726,300,000 × 0.08 = 2,938,104,000 𝑖. 𝑒. 2,938 𝑚𝑖𝑙𝑙𝑖𝑜𝑛

4. ANSWER: D
To solve this, it must be noted that 1 tonne = 1000kg. And since the electricity
production is in unit per kg, the value of the coal extracted from each mine must be
converted to kg .
Also note: The extraction is given in thousand thus, the value given in the table must:
be multiplied also by 1000 to get the actual value in tonnes
Therefore the electricity production per year:
For 𝐹𝑜𝑙𝑒𝑛 = (46324 × 1000 × 1000 × 17) = 787,508,000
For Dirme = (34953 × 1000 × 1000 × 12.3) = 429,921,900,000
For Lit = (74036 × 1000 × 1000 × 14.2) = 1,051,311,200,000
For Ryken= (13,684 × 1000 × 1000 × 21) = 287,364,000
For All Others = (385,306 × 1000 × 1000 × 14.7) = 5,663,998,200,000
When summed up, the result is 8,220,103,300,000 𝑖. 𝑒. 8.2 𝑚𝑖𝑙𝑙𝑖𝑜𝑛 (𝑖𝑛 𝑚𝑖𝑙𝑙𝑖𝑜𝑛𝑠)

5. ANSWER: B
£ 12.843

6. ANSWER: B
44,2%

7. ANSWER: D
Delivery

8. ANSWER: B
£ 223.411

9. ANSWER: C
227,500 𝑚𝑖𝑙𝑙𝑖𝑜𝑛
G.N.P per person = = 6,390
35,60 𝑚𝑖𝑙𝑙𝑖𝑜𝑛

10. ANSWER: D
3.82 4
ratio = = 0.4489 =
8.10 9

11. ANSWER: 4
Urban population = 61.1/100 𝑋 36.5 𝑚𝑖𝑙𝑙𝑖𝑜𝑛 = 22.3013 𝑚𝑖𝑙𝑙𝑖𝑜𝑛 = 22,301,500

12. The sale In year 1 in Korea = 15/100 𝑋 4000 𝑚𝑖𝑙𝑙𝑖𝑜𝑛 = 600 𝑚𝑖𝑙𝑙𝑖𝑜𝑛
The sale In year 1 in the Rest of The World = 10/100 𝑋 4000 𝑚𝑖𝑙𝑙𝑖𝑜𝑛 = 400 𝑚𝑖𝑙𝑙𝑖𝑜𝑛
The sale In year in Korea in year 2 still remains = 15/100 𝑋 4000 𝑚𝑖𝑙𝑙𝑖𝑜𝑛 = 600 𝑚𝑖𝑙𝑙𝑖𝑜𝑛
The sale In year 2 in the Rest of The World = 400 𝑚𝑖𝑙𝑙𝑖𝑜𝑛 + 20/100 𝑋 400 𝑚𝑖𝑙𝑙𝑖𝑜𝑛 =
480 𝑚𝑖𝑙𝑙𝑖𝑜𝑛
The sale In year in Korea In year 3 still remains = 15/100 𝑋 4000 𝑚𝑖𝑙𝑙𝑖𝑜𝑛 = 600 𝑚𝑖𝑙𝑙𝑖𝑜𝑛
The sale In year 1 in the Rest of The World = 480 𝑚𝑖𝑙𝑙𝑖𝑜𝑛 + 20/100 𝑋 480 𝑚𝑖𝑙𝑙𝑖𝑜𝑛 =
576 𝑚𝑖𝑙𝑙𝑖𝑜𝑛
The sale In year in Korea year in 4 still remains = 15/100 𝑋 4000 𝑚𝑖𝑙𝑙𝑖𝑜𝑛 = 600 𝑚𝑖𝑙𝑙𝑖𝑜𝑛
The sale In year 4 in the Rest of The World = 576 𝑚𝑖𝑙𝑙𝑖𝑜𝑛 + 20/100 𝑋 576 𝑚𝑖𝑙𝑙𝑖𝑜𝑛 =
691.2 𝑚𝑖𝑙𝑙𝑖𝑜𝑛
As seen above, it is after the 4th year that the sales of Tequental in the rest of the
world exceeds that in Korea.

13. ANSWER: C
Amount of Tequental in The Rest of The World =$1,400million, The amount of Parnol
= $400 𝑚𝑖𝑙𝑙𝑖𝑜𝑛
Amount of Tequental in the rest of Asia = $760𝑚𝑖𝑙𝑙𝑖𝑜𝑛, The amount of Parnol =
$340 𝑚𝑖𝑙𝑙𝑖𝑜𝑛
Amount of Tequental in Korea = $600 𝑚𝑖𝑙𝑙𝑖𝑜𝑛, The amount of Parnol = $740 𝑚𝑖𝑙𝑙𝑖𝑜𝑛
Amount of Tequental in Japan = $840 𝑚𝑖𝑙𝑙𝑖𝑜𝑛, The amount of Parnol = $420 𝑚𝑖𝑙𝑙𝑖𝑜𝑛
Amount of Tequental in Honk Kong = $400 𝑚𝑖𝑙𝑙𝑖𝑜𝑛, The amount of Parnol = $100
𝑚𝑖𝑙𝑙𝑖𝑜𝑛
Since, the question specified that the value should be in $ and not percentage, we
have to work it out as shown above.
It is only in the case of Korea that the cost of Parnol exceeds that of Tequental
N.B: Since the amount of the Tequental and the Parnol differ, different values (in $)
will be derived regardless of the percentages.

14. The difference in the sales in

Japan = 840 − 420 = 420𝑚𝑖𝑙𝑙𝑖𝑜𝑛
Korea= 600 − 740 = −140𝑚𝑖𝑙𝑙𝑖𝑜𝑛
Hong Kong = 400 − 100 = 300𝑚𝑖𝑙𝑙𝑖𝑜𝑛
Rest of Asia = 760 – 340 = 420𝑚𝑖𝑙𝑙𝑖𝑜𝑛
Total = 420 + 300 − 140 + 420 = $1000

15. ANSWER: A
To obtain this answer, we use the formula
Volume of fuel used (in gallon) = (𝑑𝑖𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑐𝑒 𝑖𝑛 𝑚𝑖𝑙𝑒𝑠)/(𝑚𝑖𝑙𝑒𝑠 𝑝𝑒𝑟 𝑔𝑎𝑙𝑙𝑜𝑛)
And when we obtain the answer (in gallon), we convert it to litre (by multiplying it by
4.55) to obtain our final answer.
Hence, it is calculated thus:
For the E323 model,
200
Volume of fuel used (in gallon) = = 5.2632
38

Volume of fuel used (in litres) = 5.2632 𝑋 4.55 = 23.9476 ≈ 24 litres

Since, 24 litres is the lowest value that will be derived. So therefore, the E323 is the
most fuel-economic
When all others are calculated similarly, the values will be
G02F: 28
F326 33.7
S365: 24.6
G636: 26

16-18

19. ANWER: A
Sales made by Xiao = 112 + 64 + 94 + 32 + 20 = 322
Sales made by Sarah = 37 + 95 + 56 + 36 + 41 = 265
Sales made by Mike = 42 + 10 + 42 + 42 + 56 = 192
Sales made by Abdul = 58 + 35 + 10 + 10 + 94 = 207
Sales made by Nigel = 22 + 94 + 24 + 24 + 23 = 187
The staff with the highest sale is Xiao
20. ANSWER: D
5
Commission earned by Xiao = 5% 𝑋 (1344 + 768 + 1128 + 384 + 240) = 𝑋 3864 =
100
193.2
5
Commission earned by Sarah = 5% 𝑋 (629 + 1615 + 952 + 612 + 697) = 𝑋 4505 =
100
225.2
Commission earned by Abdul = 5% 𝑋 (1334 + 805 + 1564 + 230 + 2162) =
5
100
𝑋 5895 = 294.75
5
Commission earned by Mike = 5% 𝑋 (336 + 80 + 592 + 336 + 448) = 𝑋 1792 =
100
89.6
Commission earned by Nigel = 5% 𝑋 (132 + 564 + 258 + 144 + 138) =
5/100 𝑋 1792 = 61.8

21. ANSWER: C
The correct answer is product C
Profit realized from product C = 1128 + 952 + 592 + 1564 + 258 = 4494

22. ANSWER: A
The turnover for last year is calculated thus:
90000 ×100
Southern Turnover for last year = = 75,000
120

NOTE: The ‘100’ and ‘120’ used in the calculation were derived from the expression
‘120%’ which means =120
100

Since the turnover for this year was 120% of that for last year, the actual turnover for
last year will be calculated as shown above.
75000
Southern turnover per operating cost for last year = =
75000
= 0.1071
0.7 𝑋 1000000 700000

After calculating the others this way, it will be discovered that this is the highest of
the five categories
23. ANSWER: E
The turnover for last year is calculated thus:
100000 ×100
Eastern Turnover for last year = = 133,333.3333
75

Since the turnover for this year was 75% of that for last year, the actual turnover for
last year will be calculated as shown above.
Southern turnover per floor space for last year = 133333.3333/300 = 444.4444
After calculating the others this way, it will be discovered that this is the highest of
the five categories

24. ANSWER: A
The turnover for this year was given as 90000
90000
Southern turnover per operating cost for this year = =
90000
= 0.1286
0.7 𝑋 1000000 700000

After calculating the others this way, it will be discovered that this is the highest of
the five categories

25. ANSWER: A
Global air passengers five years ago = 1 + 0.7 + 0.3 + 0.1 = 2.1
Global air passengers today = 1.2 + 1 + 0.9 + 0.4 = 3.5
Rate of growth = (3.5 − 21)/2.6 𝑋 100% = 1.4/2.6 𝑋 100% = 66.67%
Proposed global air passengers next five years = 66.67/100 𝑋 3.5 + 3.5 = 5.8335 in
thousand million = 5834 𝑚𝑖𝑙𝑙𝑖𝑜𝑛 ≈ 5830 𝑚𝑖𝑙𝑙𝑖𝑜𝑛 (5.8300 𝑏𝑖𝑙𝑙𝑖𝑜𝑛)

26. ANSWER: D
As given in the explanation above, the percentage is 66.67% approx. 67%

27. ANSWER: E
Average distance flown per passenger 5 years ago was given as 1000km
Average distance flown per passenger today = 1000 − 20/100 𝑋 1000 = 800 𝑘𝑚
Total distance flown by all passengers within Europe 5 years ago = 0.3 𝑋 1000 = 300
Total distance flown by all passengers within Europe today = 0.9 𝑋 800 = 720
Percentage change = (720 − 300)/300 𝑋 100% = 420/300 𝑋 100% = 140%

28. ANSWER: D
The average time spent on one project was given as 148 hours
The time spent on all the projects ( 7 projects ) = 148 𝑋 7 = 1,036 ℎ𝑜𝑢𝑟𝑠
The time spent on projects per manager for Africa = 1036/6 = 172.67
After completing calculations,
Asia = 190.21
Americas = 229.2
Europe =186
Australia = 447
Therefore, Africa indeed has the least of all the regions

29.

30. ANSWER: E
Industry average for 1995 = 1600
In 1996, the Net Sales of IPG = 1600 + 20% 𝑋 1600 = 1,920
By 1997, the Net Sales of IPG = 1920 + 20% 𝑋 1920 = 2,304
However, as given, the industry average of Net Sales = 2568 as at 1997
Therefore, the difference = 2568 − 2304 = 264𝑚
Hence none of the options is the right answer

31. ANSWER: E
% increase of Net sales from 1995 – 1996 = (2158 − 1600)/1600 𝑋 100% = 53.6%
53.6
Net Sales in 1995 = 𝑁𝑒𝑡 𝑠𝑎𝑙𝑒𝑠 𝑖𝑛 1994 + ( 𝑋 𝑁𝑒𝑡 𝑆𝑎𝑙𝑒𝑠 𝑖𝑛 1994)
100
1600 = 𝑥 + (53.6/100 𝑋 𝑥)
𝑥 = 𝑁𝑒𝑡 𝑆𝑎𝑙𝑒𝑠 𝑖𝑛 1994 = 1600 ÷ 1.536 = 1042
This cannot be determined as the question does not state the relationship between
the growth rate of Net Sales and that of Sales Margin between 1994 and 1995

32. ANSWER: B
The years which the largest percentage of growth of Sales Margin is 1996 – 1997
886−671 215
The %percentage growth during this time is = 𝑋 100% = 𝑋 100% = 32.04%
671 671

After calculating the others similarly, the results should be

1995 – 1996: 31.31%
1997-1998: -2.14%
1998- 1999: 6.34%
1999-2000: 7.70%

33. ANSWER: C
The total delivery distance in month 3 = 614 + 992 = 1606
The total delivery distance in month 4 = 1504 + 1050 = 2554
% decrease in the total delivery distance between month 3 and month 4 =
2554−1606 948
𝑋 100% = 𝑋 100% = 59.03%
1606 1606

34. ANSWER: D
Let the Asquith Crescent’s maintenance costs per kilometer be 𝑥
Let the Turly Garden’s maintenance costs per kilometer be 𝑦
𝑥 = 𝑦 − 0.10
Hence, 𝑦 = 𝑥 + 0.10 … 𝑒𝑞𝑛. 1
£ 450.80 = the cost of maintenance for 644km delivery done with Turly Gardens
450.8
The Turly Garden’s maintenance costs per kilometer = = 0.7
644

∴ 𝑦 = £ 0.7
𝑥 = 0.7 − 0.10 = £ 0.6
∴ the cost of maintenance for 1004 km delivery as done by Turly Gardens in Month 2
= 0.6 𝑋 1004 = 602.4 ≈ £ 602

35. ANSWER: E
∴ the cost of maintenance for 974 km delivery as done by Asquith Crescent’s in
Month 5 = 0.7 𝑋 974 = 602.4 ≈ £ 681.8
∴ the cost of maintenance for 1642 km delivery as done by Asquith Crescent’s in
Month 5 = 0.7 𝑋 1, 642 = 1149.4
Difference = 1149.4 − 681.8 = 467.6 ≈ 468

36. ANSWER: D
METHOD 1:
Pick A year e.g. Year 1. Under Year 1, the Profit Margin is 80.70 and then, divide it by
100 to remove the %.
80.70
i.e. = = 0.8070
100

Then, try do divide any two other parameter. The one that gives the result is the
correct one (i.e. when it is multiplied by 100 it will give that 80.70)
i.e. income and turnover. Income/turnover= 0.8070
𝐼𝑛𝑐𝑜𝑚𝑒
i.e. ( ) 𝑋 100% = 0.8070 𝑋 100% = 80.70%
𝑑𝑒𝑏𝑡

METHOD 2: (Insert the value for each parameter in the option to see the one that
fits)
This is actually the fastest and most efficient.
When this is done, (income/debt) X 100 is the answer

37. ANSWER: A
If Darwin Enterprise's Share Price/Income ratio remained constant,
1
108 𝑋 ( )
Initially, in year 1,
( 𝑆ℎ𝑎𝑟𝑒 𝑃𝑟𝑖𝑐𝑒 ) 𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜 = 100 = 1.1739 𝑋 10−7
𝐼𝑛𝑐𝑜𝑚𝑒 9,200,000
In year 2, 𝑠ℎ𝑎𝑟𝑒 𝑝𝑟𝑖𝑐𝑒 = 1.1739 𝑋 10−7 𝑋 3100000 = 0.3639
In year 3, 𝑠ℎ𝑎𝑟𝑒 𝑝𝑟𝑖𝑐𝑒 = 1.1739 𝑋 10−7 𝑋 1100000 = 𝐸𝑢𝑟𝑜 0.1291 = (0.1291 𝑋 100) =
12.91 𝑝𝑒𝑛𝑐𝑒

38. ANSWER: D
8.5−10.6)
Rate of decrease turnover() from year 2 to year 3 = = 19.81 %
10.6

*ignore negative signs

Proposed turnover at year 4 = 𝑡𝑢𝑟𝑛𝑜𝑣𝑒𝑟 𝑎𝑡 𝑦𝑒𝑎𝑟 3 – 19.81% 𝑜𝑓 𝑡𝑢𝑟𝑛𝑜𝑣𝑒𝑟 𝑎𝑡 𝑦𝑒𝑎𝑟 3 =
19.81
8.5 − 𝑋 8.5 = 6.82 million
100

39.

40. ANSWER: A
100000
Ratio of turnover to operating cost for Southern store = = 0.1286
2230000

NB: To solve this correctly, the turn over must be multiplied by 1000 and the operating
cost by 1000000.
When others are solved similarly, the result will be
Eastern: 0.04
Western: 0.08
Central: 0.07
Southern: 0.06

41. ANSWER: 152354

40252.047556142668428005284015852 in 000s

43. ANSWER:
To solve this, first, we have to divide each given value by 3.785 (to convert it gallon)

D64: 30102000 = 7952972.2589

3.785
S23: 12,220,000 = 3228533.6856
3.785

L09: 4,236,000 = 1119154.5575

3.785

H42: 12,365,,000 = 3266842.8005

3.785

A56: 8,456,000 = 2234081.9022

3.785

Then, to get the cost of each, we multiply each by their respective costs per gallon
D64: 7952972.2589 ∗ 0.25 = 1988243.0647
S23: 3228533.6856 ∗ 0.16 = 516565.3897
L09: 1119154.5575 ∗ 0.22 = 246214.00265
H42: 3266842.8005 ∗ 0.31 = 1012721.2682
A56: 2234081.9022 ∗ 0.21 = 469157.19
We have sum to be = 4232900.91525

44. ANSWER: D
To answer this question, you need to compare the data in the column ‘Percentage of
adults reading each paper in Year 3’ from the Newspaper Readership table. The only
newspaper with more female than male readers is the Daily Echo. Therefore, the
answer is D.

45. ANSWER: C
To answer this question, you need to look at the data in the ‘Year 1 Readership
(millions)’ column from the Newspaper Readership Table. To calculate the combined
readership for the three newspapers mentioned, add the readership numbers.
Therefore, the solution to this answer would be calculated as shown below and the
answer is C.

The Daily Chronicle readership 3.6 million

Daily Echo readership 4.8 million
The Tribune readership 1.1 million
TOTAL READERSHIP 9.5 million

46. ANSWER: B.
To answer this question, you need to look at the figures from Germany and Italy for
Year 3 in the ‘Amount Spent on Computer Imports’ graph. Germany spent 1,400
million Euros and Italy spent 700 million Euros. To work out how much more Germany
spent than Italy, simply calculate the difference (1,400 million – 700 million), which
leaves 700 million euros.

47. ANSWER: B.
To answer this question, you need to look at the figures from the UK in Year 4 from
the ‘Amount Spent on Computer Imports’ graph. From here, we can see that 1,400
million euros was spent in Year 4. To calculate the amount spent on computer
imports in Year 5, we need to calculate 20% of 1,400 million and
1,400 (million) x 0.20 = 280 million (this is 20% of 1,400 million)
1,400 million – 280 million = 1,120 million
VERBAL REASONING
This section of your test measures the ability to evaluate, reason and
conceptualise with words and sentences. You will need to work both quickly and
accurately to perform well in this test.

You will be presented with a passage of information, and four statements about
that passage. For each of the four statements you must select one of the following
answers:

A) True: The statement is definitely true beyond a reasonable doubt, based solely
on the information in the passage.

B) False: The statement is definitely false beyond a reasonable doubt, based solely
on the information in the passage.

C) Cannot say: The passage does not provide enough basis to conclude based
solely on the information.
In many organisations, middle management positions can be difficult, especially
during periods of significant change. While trying to do their best to implement
changes imposed by senior management. They may realize that promoting the
interests of the organisation often conflicts with their own best interests, and those
of their colleagues and subordinates.
Such realizations can sometimes result in high levels of additional stress for those
managers. No effective solution to this problem has been found and, if the way in
which most organisations operate does not change in some relevant way soon, it is
likely that we will see an increase in absenteeism and turnover amongst middle
managers.

1. Conflicts of interest are common for middle managers during periods of

organizational change.

A. True B. False C. Cannot Say

ANSWER: TRUE (A)

2. Middle managers who realize that they have to implement changes that are
imposed upon them that are not in line with their own best interests, will always
experience stress as a result.

A. True B. False C. Cannot Say

ANSWER: FALSE (B)

3. If the way in which most organisations operate changes soon in some relevant
way, it is likely that we will see a decrease in absenteeism and turnover among
middle managers.

A. True B. False C. Cannot Say

ANSWER: CANNOT SAY (C)

4. Some middle managers have to operate in ways that may interfere with their own
interests.

A. True B. False C. Cannot Say

ANSWER: TRUE (A)

Genuine altruism, when defined as 'selfless helping', has been shown in recent years
to be a most elusive, indeed paradoxical, concept. In fact, some people now view it as
some kind of ideal that never really existed. How could anybody be entirely selfless
and help without any expectation of a reward of some type? According to some
people, the pleasure of helping is itself its own reward, whereas others also mention
the displeasure that would accompany a refusal to help somebody in need as the
motive underlying altruistic behaviour. True believers suggest that altruism, based on
the notion of selfless helping, should be something that we all strive towards.

5. We can now say that altruistic behaviour, that is selfless helping, used to be better
understood in the past.

A. True B. False C. Cannot Say

ANSWER: CANNOT SAY (C)

6. There is currently no consensus surrounding the true motives for perceived

altruistic helping.
Remember to base your answers only on the information given in the passage

A. True B. False C. Cannot Say

ANSWER: TRUE (A)

7. Helping is never genuinely selfless.

 A. True B. False C. Cannot Say

ANSWER: CANNOT SAY (C)

8. Some people may be unsure about whether their perceived selfless helping
behaviour is really selfless.

A. True B. False C. Cannot Say

ANSWER: TRUE (A)

As in the tradition of haute couture catwalks and magazines, an effective shop
window must display items in such a way that engenders customers' aspirations to
lead a certain lifestyle and consequently stimulate their desire to purchase the
merchandise. Financial success may also depend on how frequently the window
display is altered, as this will encourage customers to regularly enter the shop to
inspect new stock. It may also induce an anxiety that the pieces may be removed
imminently and thereby increase customer spending, as well as catch the attention of
passersby because a constantly evolving window display suggests something
exciting is happening. The display items should be large and bright in colour to ensure
that they are visible from a distance and a themed window (e.g. Christmas) often
improves sales considerably. A common drawback of placing items in a shop window
is that they are more liable to be stolen.

9. Customers are often disappointed when they cannot purchase the items
displayed in shop windows.
Remember to base your answers only on the information given in the passage

A. True B. False C. Cannot Say

ANSWER:

10. Repeat customers are less likely to return when the window displays are changed
frequently.

A. True B. False C. Cannot Say

ANSWER:
11. There is potential for shops to sell more when customers believe that
merchandise will only be available briefly.

A. True B. False C. Cannot Say

ANSWER:
Water, the most common liquid used for cleaning, has a property called surface
tension. Molecules in the body of the water are surrounded by other molecules, but
at the surface a 'tension' is created as molecules are only surrounded by other
molecules on the waterside. This tension inhibits the cleaning process, as it slows the
wetting of surfaces due to tension causing the water to bead up. This is where water
droplets hold their shape and do not spread. For effective cleaning to take place
'surface tension' must be reduced so that water can spread. Surface-active agents,
or surfactants, are chemicals which are able to do this effectively.

12. Water is the only known liquid used for cleaning.

A. True B. False C. Cannot Say

ANSWER: FALSE (B)

13. Water droplets will not spread where there are high levels of surface tension.

A. True B. False C. Cannot Say

ANSWER: TRUE (A)

The location of a shop operated by a charity in an affluent neighbourhood could be
deemed extremely advantageous because this increases the potential for a
continuous supply of highly valuable donations. However, this may be
counterbalanced by an exorbitant rent for the property. Of fundamental importance
to the success of the shop is a dedicated group of volunteers who should sort
through donations promptly to ensure that items are quickly made available for
purchase, in order to promote financial prosperity. Volunteers and staff must be
vigilant of thieves, to which these shops are particularly susceptible, usually due to a
lack of security cameras or bar codes on the items.

14. Shops operated by charitable organisations are particularly vulnerable to

shoplifters if there are no security cameras or bar codes on items.

A. True B. False C. Cannot Say

ANSWER: TRUE (A)

15. It is less likely that shops operated by charities which are situated in affluent
neighborhoods will have volunteers who are more dedicated, than those in less
wealthy neighborhoods.

A. True B. False C. Cannot Say

ANSWER: CANNOT SAY (C)

16. The only factor affecting the financial success of a shop operated by a charity is
its location.
 A. True B. False C. Cannot Say

ANSWER: FALSE (B)

An international protocol on climate change, ratified by the EU, Japan, Canada, and
now Russia, aims to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and prevent the more serious
ramifications of global warming. Current attention is focused on the development of
technologies that will give us low-cost renewable energy over the short and longer-
term. This will provide the economic incentive to replace fossil fuels in developed and
developing countries, leading to a more pervasively low-carbon economy. This is
crucial if we are to slow the rate of climate change which can have devastating
effects on the flora and fauna of our planet.

17. Fiscal inducements to use renewable energy sources are not expected to have an
impact on the pace of environmental change.

A. True B. False C. Cannot Say

ANSWER:

18. Climate change is likely to have an equally negative effect on plants and animals.

A. True B. False C. Cannot Say

ANSWER:
The company expects the new factory, its first in Asia, to begin production early next
year, and aims to build 18, 00O tractors during its first year of operation. Full capacity
will be achieved about five years later, by which time annual output will be about
40,000 tractors, making it the company's largest producer worldwide. The move to
open such a large production site stemmed from the availability of labour within the
region, low production costs, positive inducements by the government to encourage
foreign investment, good communication and transport links, and increasing demand
for tractors locally.

19. The numbers of tractors required locally is on the increase.

A. True B. False C. Cannot Say

ANSWER: TRUE (A)

20. The company will sell most of the tractors it makes in its new plant locally.

A. True B. False C. Cannot Say

ANSWER: TRUE (A)

21. If all goes to plan, in just over five years' time the new plant will be the largest
global producer of tractors.

A. True B. False C. Cannot Say

ANSWER: FALSE (B)

Political, economic and demographic developments are combining to increase the
wealth of individuals in leading economies. These individuals take a much more
active role in managing their personal financial affairs and in determining how their
assets should be invested for their long-term benefit.
As a result, we are seeing the emergence of a new market, consisting of so-called
'affluent individuals'. This structural trend is set to continue and will provide
significant opportunities for financial services providers. This band of individuals has
traditionally been dominated by old money inheritance, and this will remain a factor,
but the rise of new affluent money is increasing as individuals benefit from higher
salaries and compensation in the form of stock options. These new affluent
individuals are also creating wealth as small business entrepreneurs.

22. Individuals may become 'affluent' through inheriting old money.

A. True B. False C. Cannot Say

ANSWER: FALSE (B)

23. Affluent individuals want to manage their own assets by using financial service
providers.

A. True B. False C. Cannot Say

ANSWER: CANNOT SAY (C)

24. Inherited old money will be completely replaced by new affluent money.
 A. True B. False C. Cannot Say

ANSWER: FALSE (B)

The prospect of accepting negative feedback about ourselves elicits conflict as we
need to assess the immediate emotional costs of negative information about
ourselves against the long-term benefits of gaining useful feedback. Studies have
confirmed what most managers seem to have known already; that the mood we are in
whilst receiving feedback often influences the relative weight people assign to
emotional costs versus the informational benefits of receiving negative feedback.
The studies that have been carried out have demonstrated that positive moods can
function as a buffer and therefore enable people affected in this way to both accept,
as well as better handle, the emotional costs of negative self-related information.

25. Managers are increasingly taking employees' moods into consideration when
providing them with negative feedback regarding their performance.

A. True B. False C. Cannot Say

ANSWER: CANNOT SAY (C)

26. An individual's mood will have no effect on how negative feedback is received.

A. True B. False C. Cannot Say

ANSWER: FALSE (B)

27. Accepting negative feedback involves a trade-off between short-term and long-
term costs and benefits.

A. True B. False C. Cannot Say

ANSWER: TRUE (A)

The controversial new code on corporate governance has been reassessed and
significantly changed in advance of publication. Following intense pressure from
company directors many of the original proposals have been scrapped, and many
others have been watered down to reduce the pressure of compliance on
organizations.
Overall, the revisions have resulted in the removal of rules that restrict company
behaviors in favor of the introduction of a recommendations-based approach, which
does not set specific standards of behavior. The changes have highlighted the divide
between company directors, who generally support the changes as vital to keep
away from a culture of rule avoidance, and other shareholder groups who believe that
a best practice approach lacks teeth and will not result in greater board
accountability.

28. It is wrong to assume that the substitution of abundant for scarce resources will
create insurmountable technical problems on every occasion.

A. True B. False C. Cannot Say

ANSWER: TRUE (A)

The airline industry has always acknowledged first-aid training to be imperative for
their staff, but with the ever increasing numbers of people to whom air travel is
becoming accessible, airline staff will need to be even more alert and better
equipped to deal with any medical emergency that may arise. Flight attendants must
be able to identify the details and severity of the crisis, and administer first-aid calmly
and effectively. To ensure that these requirements are met. Regular first-aid courses
and emergency procedure drill s have become common practice in the majority of
airline companies. This on-going training has meant that airline staff can react with
even greater lucidity, composure and meticulousness than ever before.

29. In the past, to fly was not as viable a means of travel as it is today.

A. True B. False C. Cannot Say

ANSWER: CANNOT SAY (C)

30. The airline industry will benefit a great deal from the additional training of their
flight staff.

A. True B. False C. Cannot Say

ANSWER: TRUE (A)

31. Regular first-aid training has equipped airline staff to react more quickly.

A. True B. False C. Cannot Say

ANSWER: CANNOT SAY (C)

The cosmic microwave background (CMB) radiation is the afterglow from the Big
Bang, and weak as it may be today, these primeval microwaves hold valuable
information about fundamental properties of the early universe. Slight differences, or
anisotropies, in the brightness and polarisation of the CMB reveal clues about the
nature of the primordial plasma: that the discrepancies exist at all shows that the
plasma was not perfectly uniform. The variations in brightness seen in the CMB
reflect differences in the density of the primordial plasma, whereas the anisotropic
polarisation reveals information about the dynamics of the early universe, such as the
movement of material and the number of gravitational waves. The CMB, however, is
not the only source of polarised microwaves and the cosmological polarisation must
thus be measured at different wavelengths so as to isolate them from foreground
signals.

32. The polarisation of cosmic microwaves is measured at different wavelengths so as

to separate the foreground from the background signals.

A. True B. False C. Cannot Say

ANSWER: TRUE (A)

33. Through studying the cosmological microwaves, one may learn about the forces
of gravity in the early universe.

A. True B. False C. Cannot Say

ANSWER: TRUE (A)

34. The anisotropies of the CMB show solely that the primordial plasma was not
uniform.

A. True B. False C. Cannot Say

ANSWER: FALSE (B)

For most people, any reference to hypnosis brings to mind images of individuals
involved in amusing, and often out of character, behaviour. However, hypnosis is also
a topic of scientific research. Research by scientists over the last few decades has
revealed ways in which memory processes, and processes involved in pain
perception can be changed using hypnosis. It has also been found that hypnotic
suggestions can regulate activity in identifiable sections of the brain and can
contribute to the effective management of cognitive conflict. Findings from several
related brain imaging studies, for example, have suggested that people under
hypnosis can exhibit reduced levels of brain activity in both visual areas and the
anterior cingulate cortex. Disparate research has already established the role of
these brain structures in the monitoring of cognitive conflict.

35. Few people think that when hypnotised, individuals do things that they would not
normally have done.

A. True B. False C. Cannot Say

ANSWER: CANNOT SAY (C)

36. Under hypnosis most individuals participate in entertaining activities.

A. True B. False C. Cannot Say

ANSWER: FALSE (B)

37. Scientific research on the effects of hypnosis on memory and pain perception
started a few decades ago.

A. True B. False C. Cannot Say

ANSWER: CANNOT SAY (C)

A superficial consideration of biotechnology will commonly present an impression of
ethical neutrality. On the contrary, however, it is closely related to the frequently
conflicting values and aspirations of society. Genetically modified food is a
particularly good example, presenting the potential to bear more resilient and
nutritious crops, and thus contribute to the fight against world hunger, while
simultaneously raising concerns regarding its long-term effects and environmental
ethics. It is this ethical and scientific controversy that ultimately led to the rejection
of genetically modified food in Europe.

38. The European population is more concerned with the environmental ethics of
genetically modified food than other societies.

A. True B. False C. Cannot Say

ANSWER: CANNOT SAY (C)

39. The risk of genetically modified food outweighs the potential benefits.

A. True B. False C. Cannot Say

ANSWER: CANNOT SAY (C)

40. The debate surrounding the ethics of genetically modified food contributed to its
rejection in some countries.

A. True B. False C. Cannot Say

ANSWER: TRUE (A)

In general, the longer a customer stays with a company, the more that customer is
worth. Long term customers buy more whilst costing less to service; they take up less
of a company's time and are less sensitive to price. They are also more likely to bring
in other new customers. Senior managers usually gauge company performance on
the basis of cash flow and profit. They rarely study the statistic that reflects how
much real value the company is creating - customer retention.

41. Senior managers pay due attention to customer retention.

A. True B. False C. Cannot Say

ANSWER: TRUE (A)

Over the past decade there has been a steady growth in the holiday industry whilst
the number of travel agencies has declined. This is due to the increasing number of
customers who are booking their holidays online, because of a quicker and more
financially viable service. However, specialist travel agencies, such as those focusing
on particular regions or holiday activities, remain successful as they have an in-depth
understanding of a region and the customers who go there.
The staff are also multilingual, and thanks to their specialized knowledge they can
provide good deals, meaning that their prices are often lower than non-specialist
travel agents and online companies.

42. Only specialist travel agencies employ multilingual staff.

A. True B. False C. Cannot Say

ANSWER: TRUE (A)

43. Specialist travel agents visit certain regions in order to gain a detailed knowledge
of these areas and the customers they attract.

A. True B. False C. Cannot Say

ANSWER: CANNOT SAY (C)

44. A travel agent's specialist knowledge can be used to the financial benefit of the
customer.

A. True B. False C. Cannot Say

ANSWER: TRUE (A)

A major concern is that globalisation contributes to poverty, inequality and social
disintegration by reducing the bargaining power of low-skilled labour and decreasing
job security. This is because production of manufactured goods can be moved from
one country to another with relative ease, but workers are far more restricted in their
ability to cross borders. However companies working with natural resources - for
example, mining, oil and gas, and tree plantations - have to make long-term workforce
commitments because of the more immobile nature of their business.

45. Jobs are less secure in the natural resource sector.

A. True B. False C. Cannot Say

ANSWER: CANNOT SAY (C)

46. Skilled workers are less restricted in their ability to cross borders.

A. True B. False C. Cannot Say

ANSWER: CANNOT SAY (C)

47. The relative ease of relocating goods production across countries eases poverty.

A. True B. False C. Cannot Say

The biggest risk facing the world's insurance companies is possibly the rapid change
now taking place within their own ranks. Sluggish growth in core markets and intense
price competition, coupled with shifting patterns of customer demand and the rising
cost of losses, are threatening to overwhelm those too slow to react.

48. Insurance companies are competing to provide the best prices to customers.

A. True B. False C. Cannot Say

ANSWER: TRUE (A)

49. Insurance companies are experiencing a depression in their core markets.

A. True B. False C. Cannot Say

ANSWER: FALSE (B)

50. Insurance companies that are cautious in responding to change will prevail in the
long term.

A. True B. False C. Cannot Say

At the moment GTC, like other European producers, is able to relieve at least some of
its over-capacity by exporting, partly to Central America. A decade from now, that
region will be largely self-sufficient and trade will be starting to flow the other way.
However, for GTC investors, the company's recent restructure could herald better
times. The group's lack of focus and lackluster returns have been much criticised of
late.

51. Restructuring generally produces an increase in profitability.

A. True B. False C. Cannot Say

ANSWER: TRUE (C)

52. The successful export trade with Central America seems set to continue
indefinitely.

A. True B. False C. Cannot Say

ANSWER:

53. Central American producers will find a ready market for their products in Europe

A. True B. False C. Cannot Say

ANSWER:
In recent years, many issues have been considered when attempting to ameliorate
the wellbeing of patients and the efficiency of hospital administration. Patients have
often complained about endless waiting lists. Low standards of cleanliness, poor
hospital food, and unsatisfactory doctor patient communication and now, according
to an expert from a leading image consultancy, doctors' dress codes and their
general appearance must come under close scrutiny. If healthcare professionals
have an unwashed appearance, dirty nails or unkempt hair, this exudes the
impression of recklessness and untrustworthiness; wearing red reminds patients of
blood; and power dressing is discouraged because patients may feel undermined
and less relaxed. Although campaign groups approve of healthcare professionals
leading by example with high standards of hygiene in hospitals, some individuals
argue that this potential new image legislation is merely a case of jumping on the
bandwagon of the current media trend for home and lifestyle makeovers.

54. New hospital legislation states that healthcare professionals must have clean
fingernails.

A. True B. False C. Cannot Say

ANSWER:

55. It is always preferable for healthcare professionals to wear blue instead of red.

A. True B. False C. Cannot Say

ANSWER:
56. Most campaign groups are mainly concerned with long hospital waiting lists.

A. True B. False C. Cannot Say

ANSWER: