Tanta University

Faculty Of Nursing

Master’s Degree.

2022-2023

Teaching technique modern

Vs Traditional Methods
Prepared by
Asmaa Sami Gadallah Amira Mohamed Elhalafawy

Yassmine Mohamed ghoniem Elham Mohamed Elkholy

Eman Mohamed Elshamy Amany Mohamed Nasr

Aml Awd Shehawy Amira Ali Eltahan

Ayat Mohamed Saad Ayatallah hassan qotb

Aya Agamy Mohamed Eman Esteftah Abdelsalam

Eman Hamdy Mohamed Eman Abdullah Abdullah

Under Supervision
Prof Dr fatma Abbas
 General Objective.

At the end of this seminar, students will be able to use different teaching
techniques suitably in their potential practice.

K j Jo l

I. Specific Objectives

At the end of this seminar, students will be able to: -

1. Define teaching process, teaching methods.

2. Discuss the characteristics of teaching process.

3. Identify aim of teaching process.

4. List types of teaching methods.

5. Enumerate various styles of traditional teaching techniques.

6. Discuss various styles of modern teaching techniques.

 Outlines

 Introduction.

 Definition of teaching.

 Characteristics of teaching.

 Aim of teaching.

 Definition of teaching methods.

 Types of teaching methods.

1. Traditional teaching techniques.

a. Lecture style.
b. Demonstrator style.
c. Facilitator style.

d. Delegator style.
e. Blended learning.
 Modern teaching techniques.
 Mind Mapping
 simulation
 Practical workshop
 Inquiry-Based Learning
 Problem-Based Learning
 Spaced Learning
  Virtual reality (VR)
 Webinar
 Project based learning
 Flipped classroom.
 Self-learning.
 Gamification.
 Social Media.

 Types of media involved in teaching.

 References.
 Introduction

To facilitate the process of knowledge transmission, teachers should apply

appropriate teaching methods that best suit specific objectives and level
exit outcomes. The teacher may have to set priorities and make
compromise; sometimes it is desirable to have variety to maintain student
interest.
Definition of teaching method:
They are methods by which teachers present instructional activities to
students.
Main principles of selecting teaching strategy:
There are many variables which may affect the selection of the teaching
strategy:
1-Intended learning outcomes and the content to be taught:
-Suitable to the content to be taught
-Selected according to the domains of learning (Cognitive; Affective; And
Psychomotor)
2-Teacher:
-Teaching preferences and styles -Experience and background
3-learner:
-Student background -Student age
-The student needs - Learning styles
-Presence of certain types of learners disabilities
4-logistics:
-Time and cost -Environment

Characteristics of teaching that help students be successful

1.Active learning techniques
2. Great learning environment
3. Clear communication
4. Good relationship between teacher and student
Critical .5
thinking
6. Problem solving
1. Active learning techniques which incude
➢ Discussion
➢ Brainstorming
➢ Note taking
➢ Teamwork
2. Great learning environment
To creat positive learning experience. To make students feel comfortable,
schools strive to create an inspirational learning environment.
3. Clear communication
It is important to creat positive relationship between teatcher and student, a
good teacher is expected to present the lesson in a clear and age-
appropriate way.
 4. Good relationship between teacher and student
Student-teacher relationships should be characterized by mutual respect.
To build such a positive relationship, both sides must demonstrate positive
qualities. On the one hand, teachers will earn students’ respect if they set
clear and fair rules.
critical thinking-5
Critical thinking is also important in education because it helps one to see
the world from a personal angle, thus developing positive qualities in
children. Th
6. Problem solving
One of the most important characteristics of teaching is problem solving.
Not only is overcoming obstacles crucial for successful education, but it
also represents the foundation for a successful professional and private
life.
 Aim of teaching.
1 To help students acquire knowledge.

2 To shape character and change behavior.

3 To motivate students.

4 To develop communication skills.

Types of teaching methods

I. Traditional (conventional) teaching methods
II. Modern teaching techniques
 I. Traditional (conventional) teaching methods.
The traditional method of teaching is a teacher-centric method that
generally teacher directed, where students are taught in a manner that is
conducive to sitting and listening, children learn through repetition and
memorization
Advantages of Traditional methods
 Punctuality: The students will have a specific time for every period and
time for taking a break. This timing is all planned at the beginning, the
students follow this routine and make them punctual and disciplined.
 Social interactions: The students interact with their peers which help
them in character building. They learn to share and respect others.
 Extracurricular activities: This gives the students an opportunity to
showcase their hidden talent to others. This helps them recognized for
their talents and are able to excel in their life.
 Face to face interactions: The students are able to have direct interactions
with their teachers. They are able to ask questions and more explanations
on the areas they have doubts.

Disadvantages of Traditional methods

 Generalized learning: Generalized education for all the students make it
difficult for them to learn things they are interested in especially for talent
student.
 Passive listeners: In traditional education, students should listen to their
teachers. Sometimes the students do not make an effort to listen to the
teachers. They lack interest in the lectures and become passive listeners
 No flexible time: The traditional education follows a rigid schedule which
is challenging to study. The students have difficulties to cop up with it.
 Expensive: It is very expensive as the school provides certain facilities
and for the tuition fee for their instructors etc. Everyone cannot afford it.
 Teacher-centered learning: Teacher and books are the main source of
information. The students are unable to learn new things, and their
knowledge is restricted to the knowledge provided by the books and
lecturers.
Types of Traditional teaching styles
-The Authority, or lecture style 1
The authority model is teacher-centered and frequently entails lengthy
lecture sessions or one-way presentations. Students are expected to take
notes or absorb information.

Advantages: -
 It is economical
 A great deal of information can be communicated in a one hour lecture.
More important information can be taught to a student.
 The lecturer can supplement a textbook by enhancing a topic and making
it come to life.
 The teacher serves as a role model for students.
 Lectures bring enjoyment the learners.
 It helps students develop their listening skills.
Disadvantages: -
 provides itself to the teaching of the facts while placing little emphasis on
problem solving, decision making, analytical thinking, or transfer of
learning.
 Lecturing is not helpful to meeting students’ individual needs.
 Lecturing brings the problem of limited attention cover on the part of the
learners
2. The Demonstrator style
In which ,instructor prefer to lecture ,but they prefer to show student what
they are explaining ,by using visual aid such as power point
presentation .demo.
Advantages
 This style gives teachers opportunities to incorporate a variety of formats
including lectures and multimedia presentations.
Disadvantages
 Although it’s well-suited for teaching mathematics, music, physical
education, or arts and crafts, it is difficult to accommodate students’
individual needs in larger classrooms.

3. Facilitator style
 Shifting to an even more student-centered approach, there’s the facilitator
style of teaching.
 Instead of giving one-directional lectures, a facilitator encourages inquiry-
based learning. Students learn by asking questions and discussing real-
world case studies. Some other activities might be designed to improve
problem-solving skills and help understand the subject matter better
through practical challenges
Advantages
 Enhancing the problem-solving and critical thinking skills of the students.
 It also boosts concentration and improves the attention span of the
students.
Disadvantages
 The style is often time consuming.
 Students become uncomfortable if not employed in a positive and
affirmative manner.

4-Delegator style:
 Teachers who have a delegator teaching style tend to place much control
and responsibility for learning on individuals or groups of students.
 This type of teacher will often give students a choice designing and
implementing their own complex learning projects and will act In a
consultative roles
Disadvantage: May misread student's readiness for independent work.
Some students may become anxious when given autonomy.
Advantages: Helps students to perceive themselves as independent
learners

4-Blended style:
Mentioned before

 Types of Modern teaching techniques.

1-Mind Mapping
Nursing mind mapping :
 It is a diagram of the consequential steps of the nursing process .
 It helps to organize assessment data, identify patient problems,
determine the appropriate nursing diagnoses and interventions, and
assess the outcomes.
Types of mind mapping :
1. Spider map
 This map gets its name because it looks like a spider web.
 start with core idea at the center, and then branch outward to
subtopics in a radial pattern.
 subtopics can branch out into smaller subtopics, and so on.

2. Flowchart
 This concept map shows the steps of a process.
  Typically, the arrows represent different choices that are made or
actions that are taken.
3. Hierarchy map
 This type shows the order of something.
 For example, company’s organizational chart, as it shows people’s
roles and their levels of superiority.
System map.4
 System map is the most complex of all of the types of concept maps
 it shows all of the different parts of a concept and how they’re
interrelated.

2-Problem-Based Learning
problem based-learning (PBL) are based on the fact that students are
actively participating in planning, organizing and evaluating the
problem solving process.
Objectives of the problem-based learning process are:-
 knowledge (Theoretical and clinical)
 skills (scientific reasoning, critical appraisal, information literacy,
self-directed lifelong learning)
attitudes (value of teamwork, interpersonal skills

3- Project-Based Learning

In project-based learning, the teacher assigns a practical or theoretical

project, and students must work to materialize the project. Projects aim
to solve real-life problems and not abstract ones.

You can assign projects individually or in small teams. Whatever the

case, working on a project is the best example of active learning. It
enhances creativity and problem-solving and invites students to think
practically.

4- Inquiry-Based Learning

Inquiry-based learning is a popular learning approach in modern

education. Usually, the teacher asks an open-ended question or assigns a
project, and learners do their own research to complete the project or
form a theory.

Students can complete these activities either individually or in small

groups. The teacher can provide the learners with the investigation
method they should work with or let learners figure it out on their own.
Or, it can all start from zero, with students coming up with the question
themselves and working on the solution on their own.

Inquiry-based learning develops essential analytical and reasoning

skills and curiosity. Students learn to be resourceful and observant. On
a secondary level, this approach is also effective in enhancing
communication and presentation skills.

5--Spaced Learning

Spaced learning is one of the modern teaching methods, that’s being

accompanied by instructors. In this approach, teachers repeat a lesson a
couple of times, basically till the learners recognize it entirely. However,
the teacher repeats the course with 10-minute spaces (break) in-among
the lessons.

The gap is supposed to refresh the thoughts by playing fun activities or

mindfulness strategies which prepares them for the subsequent session
of the same lesson. This method offers the learners intervals to inherit
the information and create connections among learnings. Before moving
ahead to another chapter, this method prepares the learners with basics.
6-Practical workshop
A meeting during which experienced people in responsible position
come together with experts and consultant to find solution of a problem.
 Assembled of small group of 10 to 25 persons who
share a common interest or problem.
 They meet together to improve their individual and
skill of a subject through intensive study, research,
practice & discussion.
Advantages:
 Realize the higher cognitive & brain storming
activities.
 Developing understanding & proficiency for the approaches &
practices.
 Develop the feeling cooperation and group work or team work.
 Provides the situations to study the vocational problems.
 It's used for developing and improving professional efficiency in
nursing practice.
 It allow active participation of each participants

Disadvantages:
 Cannot be organized for large group numbers.
 Some participants may find it more difficult to follow with this
format
 Much planning, preparation and organization is needed because it has
limited time
Applications of Workshops to Develop Nurse Skills:
 Informal platforms include mentoring and coaching, with interactive
workshops being a formal method to acquire knowledge, skills and
attitudes.
 Interactive workshops involve a collection of activities that are
organized for groups of participants who have to work together to
 explore and solve problems presented to them collectively.
 These activities include small-group discussions, scenarios,
simulation, videos, games and role plays.
 Interactive workshops are conducted over a specific period and in a
certain location.
 In the case of nurses, the workshops can be conducted away from real
patients, which affords a safe environment that promotes maximum
learning, because participants can afford to make mistakes without
the fear of harming patients
 The number of participants in an interactive workshop should not
exceed 25, to allow every participant to actively engage with the
study material.

7-- simulation
- is the imitation of the operation of a real-world process or system over
time.
 Simulations require the use of models; the model represents the key
characteristics or behaviors of the selected system or process, whereas
the simulation represents the evolution of the model over time.
 Often, computers are used to execute
the simulation.
A computer simulation (or "sim") :
the process of mathematical modeling ,
performed on a computer,
which is designed to predict the behavior
of, or the outcome of, a real-world or physical system.
Nursing simulation :-
 provides an opportunity for students and qualified nurses to practice
responding to various clinical situations and then to reflect on how
they performed, what went well and what needs to be changed.
 This is the key to developing clinical skills and judgement.
 Only the learners themselves can change the response (behavior) in
any given situation.
8-Virtual reality (VR)
 It is a simulated experience that can be similar to or completely
different from the real world. Applications of virtual reality include
entertainment (particularly video games), education (such as medical
or military training) and business (such as virtual meetings).
9-Webinar:
 a live online educational presentation during which
participating viewers can submit questions and
comments.
 What makes webinars effective is that they’re a
two-way form of communication where the
attendees and presenters give, receive and share
information with each other, in real time

The most common tool :- ( Zoom )

 The most well-known online meeting tool also doubles as a webinar tool.
Starts with a free plan and offers paid business plans with robust features
 10- Flipped Classroom Technique
Technique
o this teaching technique takes place in a flipped manner, meaning the
students study new material or content at home by themselves then
practice and conclude the same material at school. The method is the
reverse of giving work at school for students to rework on or practice at
home.

o Students will complete their own research and view video tutorials or other
online sources (usually created and posted by their teacher) instead of
completing traditional “homework” assignments.
o This research is then completed in class with prepared content learned and
brought in from home, creating a more engaging and collaborative
learning environment.

o Flipped classrooms mean that sick days no longer interrupt the students’
ability to learn. Whether a teacher or student is absent, it will not detract
from the students learning.

11-personalized -learning.
• personalized-learning modules are designed where the learner is free to
choose what to learn, how to learn, when to learn and where to learn. This
flexibility is an importance characteristic in open learning process.
• Self-directed learning has been proven to be effective, convenient, and
fast, thanks to the rise of the internet.
Advantages: -

1.Developing Strong Problem-Solving Skills.

2.It is a Stress-Free Learning Process.
3.Students don't get overwhelmed with information they don't need
4.Gaining Other Skills in the Process.
5.The Learning Experience Becomes More Meaningful.
6.Students Get to Choose their Mode of Learning.
 Disadvantages: -

1.unmotivated learners or those with poor study habits may fall behind.
2.Instructor may not always be available on demand
3.Without the routine structures of a traditional class, students may get lost
or confused about course activities.
4.Lack of interaction between learners and instructor.

12- Gamification:-
is the use of game-design elements and game principals in non-game
contexts. For example, in-game principals and themes such as acquiring
virtual ‘points’ or other currency, and completing series of tasks or
activities to advance to the next level, may be used in contexts other than
gaming to provide fun and stimulation for the learner.
 Gamification can also be defined as a set of activities and processes to
solve problems by using the characteristics of game elements.
Advantages of gamification method:
 Increase Learner Engagement
Games appeal to our basic instinct to play. Games can transform dull
content into engaging and interesting experiences, can encourage friendly
competition among colleagues, and can lead learners to feel pride in
completing a course
 Provide Instant Feedback
 One necessary feature of games is the delivery of feedback, whether
positive or negative. Educational games allow learners to progress, not by
chance, but by having the right knowledge or correct response to a
.question or scenario

 Boost Motivation with Features Such as Badges

Badges in gamified learning content can be as simple as virtual ribbons,
stickers, or prizes that learners earn for the completion of modules or tasks
.within the game
Disadvantages of gamification method:
 High Cost of Development
Creativity may not be the only limit instructional designers face when
creating gamified learning. Game development tends to lead to longer
development time than traditional instructional design.
 Diminished Value Over Time
Games can be costly to develop, and costly to maintain. Games that looked
sophisticated when they launched may look dated even a few short years
later, and in the workplace, this may give employees the impression that
the content is similarly out of date even if it isn’t.
 Games That Are Only Poorly Masked Quizzes
Games are meant to be fun, and it’s safe to say most people don’t enjoy
tests and quizzes. In the workplace, employees seldom encounter
traditional assessments such as multiple-choice quizzes outside.
13- Social media method:-
Social media in education refers to the practice of using social media
platforms as a way to enhance the education of students. Social media is
defined as "a group of Internet-based applications that build on the
ideological and technological foundations of Web, and that allow the
creation and exchange of user-generated content".
Advantages and dis advantage of social media (mentioned before)
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