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Swami Vivekananda

Key Points
 Birth: He was born as Narendranath Datta on 12th January, 1863.

o 12th January, National Youth Day is held every year to observe the birth
anniversary of Swami Vivekananda.
o In 1893, upon the request of Maharaja Ajit Singh of the Khetri
State, he took the name ‘Vivekananda.’
 Contributions:

 He introduced Indian philosophies of Vedanta and Yoga to the Western world

and is credited with raising interfaith awareness, bringing Hinduism to the world
stage during the late 19th century.
 He preached ‘neo-Vedanta’, an interpretation of Hinduism through a
Western lens, and believed in combining spirituality with material
progress.
 He is known for neo-hinduism.
 S. C. Bose called him father of modern nationalist movement.
o Laid the greatest emphasis on education for the regeneration of our
motherland.
o Advocated a man-making character-building education.
o Best known for his speech at the World Parliament of Religion in
Chicago in 1893.
o Spelt out the four pathways of attaining moksha from the worldly
pleasure and attachment in his books - Raja-yoga, Karma-yoga, Jnana-
yoga and Bhakti-yoga.
o Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose had called Vivekananda the “maker of
modern India.”

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 Associated Organisations:

o He was the chief disciple of the 19th-century mystic Ramakrishna

Paramhansa and established the Ramakrishna Mission in 1897.

 Ramakrishna Mission is an organization which works in the area of

value-based education, culture, health, women's empowerment, youth
and tribal welfare and relief and rehabilitation.
o In 1899, he established the Belur Math, which became his permanent
abode.
 Death: He died at Belur Math in 1902. Belur Math, located in West Bengal,
is the headquarters of Ramakrishna Math & Ramakrishna Mission.
 It opposed the caste system and untouchability.
 It focused on the universality of all religions and propagated
Vedanta.
What is Vedanta?

 It was based on Upanishads and their interpretation.

 Its aim was to enquire about ‘Brahmaan’ ब्रह्मा(ultimate reality) which was
the central concept of Upanishads.
 It saw Veda as the ultimate source of information and whose authority could not be
questioned.
 It emphasized on path of knowledge (jnana) as opposed to that of sacrifice (karma).
 Ultimate aim of knowledge was 'Moksha' i.e. liberation from 'sansara'.

Core Values of Swami Vivekanand’s Philosophy

 Morality in both individual life and social life is mostly based on fear of societal
censure.
 But Vivekananda gave a new theory of ethics and new principle of morality
based on the intrinsic purity and oneness of the Atman.
 Ethics according to Vivekananda was nothing but a code of conduct that helps a
man to be a good citizen.
 We should be pure because purity is our real nature, our true divine Self or
Atman.
 Similarly, we should love and serve our neighbours because we are all one in
the Supreme Spirit known as Paramaatmaa or Brahman.
Religion

 One of the most significant contributions of Swami Vivekananda to the modern world is
his interpretation of religion as a universal experience of transcendent Reality, common
to all humanity.

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 This universal conception frees religion from the hold of superstitions, dogmatism,
priest craft and intolerance.
 He believed that every religion offered a pathway to the eternal supreme – supreme
freedom, supreme knowledge, supreme happiness.
 This can be accomplished by realising one’s ATMAA as part of PARAMATMAA.
Education

 Swami Vivekananda laid the greatest emphasis on education for the regeneration of
our motherland.
 According to him, a nation is advanced in proportion as education is spread among the
masses.
 He said that our process of education should be such that it helps the students to
manifest their innate knowledge and power.
 He advocated a man-making character-building education.
 He said that education must make the students self-reliant and help them face the
challenges of life. He was highly critical of the so-called educated who do not care for
the poor and downtrodden.
Rationality

 He was in complete agreement with the methods and results of modern science.
 He did not discard reason in favor of faith.
 He recognized intuition or inspiration as a higher faculty than reason. But the truth
derived from intuition had to be explained and systematized by reason.
Nationalism

 Though growth of Nationalism is attributed to the Western influence but Swami

Vivekananda’s nationalism is deeply rooted in Indian spirituality and morality.
 His nationalism is based on Humanism and Universalism, the two cardinal features of
Indian spiritual culture.
 Unlike western nationalism which is secular in nature, Swami Vivekananda’s
nationalism is based on religion which is life blood of the Indian people.
 The basis of his nationalism are:
o Deep concern for masses, freedom and equality through which one expresses
self, spiritual integration of the world on the basis of universal brotherhood.
o “Karmyoga” a system of ethics to attain freedom both political and spiritual
through selfless service.
 His writings and speeches established motherland as the only deity to be worshiped in
the mind and heart of countrymen.
Youth

 Swamiji believed that if our youth is determined, there can be nothing impossible for
them to achieve in the world.

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 He urged youth to have dedication to the cause to attain success. Pursuing a challenge
with utmost dedication is really the road to success, for our youth.
 Hence Swamiji called upon the youth to not only build up their mental energies, but
their physical ones as well. He wanted ‘muscles of iron’ as well as ‘nerves of steel’.
 His birthday on January 12 is celebrated as National Youth Day and the week
commencing from that day is known as the National Youth Week.
 As part of National Youth Week celebrations, the Government of India holds the
National Youth Festival every year.
 The youth festival aims to propagate the concept of national integration, spirit of
communal harmony, brotherhood, courage and adventure amongst the youth by
exhibiting their cultural prowess in a common platform.
Conclusion

 Swami Vivekananda belonged to the 19th century, yet his message and his life are
more relevant today than in the past and perhaps, will be more relevant in future.
 Persons like Swami Vivekananda do not cease to exist with their physical death - their
influence and their thought, the work which they initiate, go on gaining momentum as
years pass by, and ultimately, reach a fulfilment which they envisaged.

स्वामी विवेकानंद का जीवन परिचय

नाम नरेन्द्रनाथ दत्त

घरेलु नाम नरेन्द्र और नरेन

मठवासी [Monk] बनने

स्वामी विवेकानंद
के बाद नाम

पिता का नाम विश्वनाथ दत्त

माता का नाम भुवनेश्वरी देवी

भाई – बहन 9

जन्म तिथी 12 जनवरी, 1863

जन्म स्थान कलकत्ता, भारत

राष्ट्रीयता भारतीय

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गुरु का नाम रामकृष्ण परमहंस

शिक्षा – दीक्षा बेचलर ऑफ़ आर्ट

संस्थापक [Founder
रामकृष्ण मिशन और रामकृष्ण मठ
]

फिलोसोफी आधुनिक वेदांत और राज योग

साहित्यिक कार्य
राज योग, कर्म योग, भक्ति योग, मेरे गुरु
[My Master], अल्मोड़ा से कोलोंबो तक दिए
गये सभी व्याख्यान [Lectures].
[Literary Work]

न्यूयॉर्क में वेदांत सोसाइटी की स्थापना,

अन्य महत्वपूर्ण केलिफोर्निया में ‘शांति आश्रम [Peace
कार्य Retreat]’ और भारत में अल्मोड़ा के
पास अद्वैत आश्रम की स्थापना.

उल्लेखनीय शिष्य
अशोकानंद, विराजानंद, परमानन्द, अलासिंगा
पेरूमल, अभयानंद, भगिनी [Sister] निवेदिता,
[ Notable Disciples ] स्वामी सदानंद.

मृत्यु तिथी 4 जुलाई, 1902

मृत्यु स्थान बेलूर, पश्चिम बंगाल, भारत

स्वामी विवेकानंद अनमोल वचन (Swami Vivekanand Quotes)

Quotes In English: Quotes In Hindi

जब तक तुम अपने आप में

You cannot believe in God until विश्वास नहीं करोगे, तब तक
1
you believe in yourself. भगवान में विश्वास नहीं कर
सकते.

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हम जो भी हैं हमारी सोच

We are what our thoughts have हमें बनाती हैं इसलिए
made us; so take care about what सावधानी से सोचे, शब्द
2
you think. Words are secondary. द्वितीयक हैं पर सोच रहती
Thoughts live; they travel far. हैं और दूर तक यात्रा करती
हैं.

उठो जागो और तब तक मत रुको

Arise! Awake! And stop not until
3 जब तक अपना लक्ष्य प्राप्त
the goal is reached.
ना कर सको.

हम जितना बाहर आते हैं और

The more we come out and do जितना दूसरों का भला करते
good to others, the more our हैं, हमारा दिल उतना ही
4
hearts will be purified, and God शुध्द होता हैं और उसमे
will be in them. उतना ही भगवान का निवास
होगा.

When an idea exclusively जब एक सोच दिमाग में आती

occupies the mind, it is हैं तो वह मानसिक और
5
transformed into an actual शारीरिक स्थिति में तब्दील
physical or mental state. हो जाती हैं.

संसार एक बहुत बड़ी

The world is the great
व्यायामशाला हैं जहाँ हम
6 gymnasium where we come to
खुद को शक्तिशाली बनाने
make ourselves strong.
आते हैं.

Truth can be stated in a सच हजारो तरीके से कहा जा

7 thousand different ways, yet सकता हैं तब भी उसका हर एक
each one can be true. रूप सच ही हैं.

Never think there is anything ऐसा कभी नहीं सोचना चाहिए

impossible for the soul. It is the कि आत्मा के लिए कुछ भी
8 greatest heresy to think so. If असम्भव हैं. यह सोचना ही
there is sin, this is the only sin; सबसे गलत हैं. अगर यह पाप
to say that you are weak, or हैं तो वही पाप हैं कि हम
others are weak. खुद को और दूसरों को कमजोर

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कह रहे हैं.

ब्रहमांड की सारी शक्तियाँ

All the powers in the universe
हमारी हैं यह हम ही हैं जो
are already ours. It is we who
9 अपनी आँखों के आगे हाथ रख
have put our hands before our
लेते हैं और रोते हैं कि
eyes and cry that it is dark.
अंधकार हैं.

जिस वक्त मुझे यह महसूस हुआ

The moment I have realized God
कि भगवान शरीर रूपी मंदिर
sitting in the temple of every
में रहते हैं, उस पल से मैं
human body, the moment I stand
हर एक व्यक्ति के सामने खड़े
1 in reverence before every human
हो कर उनकी पूजा करता हूँ
0 being and see God in him – that
उस पल से मैं सारी बंधिशों
moment I am free from bondage,
से मुक्त हो गया सभी चीजे
everything that binds vanishes,
जो बांधती हैं वो खत्म हो
and I am free.
गई और मैं स्वतंत्र हो गया.

भगवान को अपने प्रिय की तरह

God is to be worshiped as the
1 पूजा जाना चाहिए, यह पूजा
one beloved, dearer than
1 आज के और अगले जीवन से बढ़कर
everything in this and next life.
होनी चाहिए.

1 External nature is only internal बाहरी स्वभाव आतंरिक

2 nature writ large. स्वभाव का बड़ा रूप हैं.

जैसे अलग-अलग धाराएँ अलग-

As different streams having
अलग जगह से आती हैं पर सभी
different sources all mingle their
एक सागर में मिल जाती हैं,
1 waters in the sea, so different
उसी तरह भिन्न- भिन्न
3 tendencies, various though they
विचारों के लोग भले सही हो
appear, crooked or straight, all
या गलत सभी भगवान के पास
lead to God.
जाते हैं.

 That man has reached immortality who is

disturbed by nothing material.

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 Shardamani was wife of Ramkrishna

paramhans.

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