Lesson Plan
Level : 2nd year Scientific Streams.
Unit 01: Make Peace.
Theme: Peace and Conflict Resolution.
Sequence two: Developing Skills.
Author of the lesson plan Mrs. BRINIS
Type of lesson English lesson for 2nd year students.
Main aim To express obligation, prohibition, absence of
obligation and deduction.
Subsidiary aims To improve their sentence construction using
obligation, prohibition, absence of obligation and
deduction.
Learning outcomes SWBAT express obligation, prohibition, absence of
obligation and deduction.
Materials and resources Worksheets, white board, textbook.
Assumptions This lesson is taking students from known use of
must to express obligation to unknown use of must
to express deduction.
Anticipated Problems Possible solutions
Students may face the problem of distinguishing Teacher will use examples for further
the difference between obligation and deduction. understanding.
Stages Procedures Timing
objectives
Present Warming up: Teacher greets students and asks about the previous lesson. 5min
-Teacher gives students examples that contain obligation, absence of obligation
Paving the and prohibition and asks them what each sentence expresses.
way for the Examples:
lesson 1. We must help one another if we want to live in peace.
2. You should do your homework. 10min
3. You have to apologize to her.
4. You don't have to go if you don't want to.
5. You mustn't hurt her feelings.
6. You shouldn't start a fight with others just for fun.
7. You can't bully your classmates.
Key:
Isolation -Must/ should/ have to. Obligation
-Don’t have to. Absence of Obligation
-Mustn’t/ shouldn't/ can’t. Prohibition
-Teacher asks students to remind him about the different functions of the modals
and writes the reminder on the board to be copied down.
Stating the Reminder
rule 1- To express obligation we use: must/have to + stem 5min
2- To express absence of obligation we use: don’t have to +stem
3-To express prohibition we use: mustn’t +stem
Expressing Deduction:
-Teacher writes Task 2 on the board to be copied down.
- Teacher guides students in answering the questions.
Task 2: Consider the following dialogues and answer the questions below:
A: She hasn’t said a kind word to us since this morning.
B: She must be angry with us. 10min
A: Don’t panic! You can’t be late for the exam. It doesn’t start till 10:15.
B: Right, then. I’ll take my time.
1- 1. Does ‘must be’ in the first dialogue express obligation?
2- 2. Does ‘can’t be’ in the second dialogue express prohibition?
Analysis 3- 3.What do both of them express instead?
4- 4.What is the difference between ‘must be’ and ‘can’t be’?
5- Key:
6- 1. No, it doesn’t.
7- 2. No, it doesn’t.
8- 3. They express deduction.
9- 4. (It is answered in the conclusion.)
-Teacher writes the students' conclusion on the board. 5min
Conclusion:
To express deduction:
- We use must be when we are certain that what we are saying is true.
- We use can’t be when we are certain that what we are saying is not true.
Practice -T writes an activity on the board and instructs Ss to do it.
Activity: What do the following sentences express?
A-We don’t need to use computers to study at school. …… 5min
B- He is looking for a restaurant. He must be hungry. ……
C-We can’t discriminate against people of colour. ……
D-This teacher must be bad. His students do not attend.
E-Nobody recognized him. He can’t be that famous. ……
F-Violence begets more violence. We must find peaceful solutions. …..
Key:
A- Absence of obligation.
B- Deduction.
C- Prohibition.
D- Deduction.
E- Deduction.
F- Obligation
Produce Write it up: Task1 p46:-Teacher explains Task 1 p46, and instructs students to 15min
write a set of school regulations. - Teacher chooses the best answers from each
group and insteucts them to copy their answers on the board.
