Step 4

2 Test / Mix (2nd + 3rd step): A

1) 1. Qb4 threatens mate and win mate)
of a piece (double attack: 6) 1. Rh5+ gxh5 2. Qf6# (luring
queen) away+ mate)
2) 1. ... Qd2+ 2. Qxd2 Rg6# 7) 1. ... Bg6 (pin)
(luring away + mate); 1. … 8) 1. Rf3+ exf3 2. Qxg5
Rg6+? 2. Qxg6 hxg6 3. Kxg6+ (discovered attack)
and wins. 9) 1. Nc6+ Ka8 2. Nxe7; 1. …
3) 1. Ng6 (trapping thanks to Rxc6 2. dxc6 (double attack:
pinning) knight)
4) 1. ... Re1+ 2. Rxe1 Qxd4+ 10) 1. b4 (trapping)
(luring away + material); 2. Kf2 11) 1. ... Ra6+ 2. Kxa6 (stalemate)
Re2+ 12) 1. 0-0-0+ and 2. Nxb5
5) 1. Bxf6 Qxf6 2. Qh7# (taking + (defending against a pin)

3 Test / Mix (2nd + 3rd step): B

1) 1. Qxh7+ Rxh7 2. Ng6# (taking 7) 1. ... Ba4 (trapping thanks to a
+ mate) pin)
2) Drawing 8) 1. ... Nxf3+ 2. Nxf3 R8g2#
3) 1. Nd6+ Qxd6 2. Ba6# (capturing + mate)
(discovered attack) 9) 1. Rc6+ Kf7 (1. … Kxd5 2.
4) 1. g3 Rxf3 2. Qxh6+ Qh7 2. Bg2#) 2. Rxe5 (chasing away +
Bxg7+ (attack on a pinned material)
piece) 10) 1. Ne5+ Ke8 2. Rxc8# (double
5) 1. ... Nf3+ 2. Qxf3 Qe1+ check)
(discovered attack) 11) 1. ... Rb8 (trapping)
6) 1. Bd6 Bxd6 2. Qh8# 12) 1. ... Rc3+ 2. Kxc3 (stalemate);
(discovered attack) 2. Kb2? Kxb4

5 Elimination of the defence / Interfering: A

1) 1. Nf5+ followed by 2. Rxh3. 5) 1. ... Nf3+ 2. gxf3 Qxd1+
2) 1. Nc6+ bxc6 2. Qxc5 6) 1. ... Be2 and White must give
3) 1. Bb8 and the rook on a8 is up an exchange.
trapped. 7) 1. ... Bb5 2. axb5 Qxe2#
4) 1. ... Nf4 (threatens 2. … Ne2+) 8) 1. Ne4 with the threats 2. Qxe8
2. exf4 Qxd6 and 2. Rxe1. On 1. … Qxe4

1
 follows 2. Qf8+ and mate. Less 11) 1. Bc8 with the threats 2. Bxb7
good is 1. Ne2 because after 1. and 2. Re8#. Not good is 1.
… Qxf1+ 2. Qxf1 Nxe2 Black Rc8+ Rxc8 2. Bxc8 Rb1.
can play on. 12) 1. … Rc1+ 2. Bxc1 2. Qb1#; 2.
9) 1. Rg6 fxg6 2. Qxg7# Rxc1 Qxd5
10) 1. … c4+ 2. Kh1 Qxb5

6 Elimination of the defence / Interfering: B

1) 1. … Bb3 2. axb3 Nc2# 2. Qxg4 (2. … e5 3. Nf5 or 3.
2) 1. … Bc1+ 2. Kxc1 Qxg1 Ne6)
3) 1. ... Rc1+ 2. Nxc1 Qd1# or 2. 9) 1. … Nf3+ 2. Kf1 Rxf6; 2.
Rxc1 Qxb7 Rxf3 Rxh6
4) 1. d5 cxd5 2. Rg1+; on 1. Rg1+ 10) 1. Rd8+ Bxd8 2. Qe8# or 1. …
follows 1. … Rg5. Rxd8 2. Qxb7
5) Drawing 11) 1. Bd6 Qxb3 2. Rf8#; 1. …
6) Drawing Rxd6 2. Qb8+; 1. … Nxd6 2.
7) 1. Rc6 dxc6 2. Nxf6+; bad is 1. Qxe6+
Nc6? Nxe4 12) 1. g4 Qxf3 2. Rc8+ and mate
8) 1. e6 fxe6 (1. … Bxe6 2. Nxe6)

8 Double attack: Luring: A

1) 1. ... Rd2+ 2. Qxd2 Nf3+ 9) 1. ... Qxg3+ 2. Kxg3 Ne4+ and
2) 1. Qxf6+ Kxf6 2. Ne4+ 3. … Nxd2
3) 1. Qxc6 Qxc6 2. Nxe7+ 10) 1. ... Bg5 2. Qxg5 (the queen is
4) Drawing trapped) 2. … Nh3+
5) Drawing 11) 1. ... Rc1 2. Qxc1 Ne2+ (the
6) 1. Bh6+ Kxh6 2. Nf7+; 1. … rook on f2 is pinned)
Kh8 2. Nf7# 12) 1. Qxf8+ Kxf8 2. Ne6+ and 3.
7) 1. Qh8+ Kxh8 2. Nxg6+ and 3. Nxd8; 1. Ne6? Qxe7 or 1. Bxg7
Nxe7 Nxg7 2. Qxg7+ and 3. Ne6+ is
8) 1. Bxf7+ Kxf7 2. Ne5+ (better only an exchange.
1. … Kd8)

9 Double attack: Luring: B

1) 1. ... Rxg2+ 2. Kxg2 Qe4+ and 4) 1. ... Rxg2+ 2. Kxg2 Qg5+
3. … Qxb1 5) 1. Nd7 Rxd7 2. Qh3+; 1.
2) 1. ... Rxf1+ 2. Kxf1 Qd1+ 3. Qh3+? Kg7 2. Nd7 Qd6 3.
Kg2 Qxg4+ Nxb8 Rh8
3) 1. Bxf7+ Kxf7 2. Qd5+; 1. 6) 1. d5 Bxd5 2. Qd4
Qd5? Qe7 7) 1. Rxd6 Rxd6 2. Qe5

2
 8) 1. ... Rxd4 2. Rxd4 Qe5 10) 1. ... Rxa5 2. Rxa5 Qe1+
9) 1. Rxb7 Rxb7 2. Qa8+; 1. Rxe7 11) 1. Bxa6 Rxa6 2. Qd3
Qxg2# 12) 1. b4 Bxb4 2. Qd4

10 Double attack: Luring: C

1) 1. Rf8+ Kxf8 2. Bxg7+ 7) 1. Rd7+ Kxd7 (1. … Ke6 2.
2) 1. Bb7+ Kxb7 2. c6+ Qd5#) 2. Nxf6+
3) 1. Qxh7+ Kxh7 2. Nxd6+; 1. 8) 1. Rd4 Qxd4 2. e6+
Nxd6? Qe3+ 9) 1. ... Rxf1+ 2. Kxf1 Bxg2+! (2.
4) 1. ... Qxg2+ 2. Kxg2 d4+; 1. … … Bb5+ 3. Rxb5)
d4 2. Qd2 or 2. Qc4+ 10) 1. Rxd7 Qxd7 2. Nh6+
5) 1. ... Rxf1+ 2. Kxf1 Bh3+ (2. 11) 1. ... Qd3+ 2. Kxd3 Bxc6+
… Bd3+ 3. Nxd3) 12) 1. Bxc5 Qxc5 2. axb4
6) 1. ... Nxd4 2. Qxd4? Ng4+

11 Double attack: Luring: D

1) 1. Nxe5 Rxe5 2. f4 (double (double attack: bishop)
attack: pawn) 8) 1. ... Qxf1+ 2. Kxf1 Rxf5+
2) 1. Rb8 Rxb8 2. Bxe5+ (double (double attack: rook)
attack: bishop) 9) 1. Be7 Qxe7 2. f6 (double
3) 1. Rg8+ Qxg8 2. Rg2+ (X-ray attack: 2 pieces)
check) 10) 1. Qxd7 Qxd7 2. Bxe6+
4) 1. Rxd3 Rxd3 2. Be4 (double (double attack: bishop)
attack: 2 pieces) 11) 1. ... Rxc4 2. Qxc4 Bd5 (X-ray
5) Drawing attack)
6) 1. Qc4+ Qxc4 2. g8Q+ (X-ray 12) 1. Bc4+ Kf8 2. Rxe8+; 1.
check) Rxe8? Rxa6+ (double attack:
7) 1. ... Nxc2 2. Qxc2 Bxd3+ bishop)

13 Elimination of the defence / Blocking: A

1) 1. e7+ Rxe7 2. Qh8# Qd1 Rxb2
2) 1. Qxd5+ Qf7 2. Rh8# 8) 1. Qg7+ Nxg7 2. Nh6#
3) 1. Qb8+ Rxb8 2. Nc7# 9) 1. Rh3+ Bxh3 2. g3#
4) 1. ... Rd1+ 2. Qxd1 Qf2#; 2. 10) 1. ... Rf1+ 2. Qxf1 Qe3#; 2.
Kxd1 Qxf1# Kxf1 Qe1#
5) 1. d6+ Rxd6 2. Bh4# 11) 1. ... e5+ 2. dxe5 Qd2#; 2.
6) 1. Qg8+ Rxg8 2. Nf7#; 1. Nf7+ Kxe5 Qxg3+
Rxf7 doesn’t win. 12) 1. Re7 Rxe7 2. Qh7+; 1. … g6
7) 1. ... Rg2 2. Qxg2 Qh5#; 2. 2. Rxd7

3
14 Elimination of the defence / Blocking: B
1) Drawing g4#
2) Drawing 9) 1. Qh7+ Nxh7 2. Ng6+ Kg8 3.
3) 1. Rh8+ Nxh8 2. Bh7# Bd5#
4) 1. Ne7+ Nxe7 2. Rxf8+ Kxf8 3. 10) 1. ... g3 2. fxg3 Qxh2+ 3. Kxh2
Rd8# Rh5#; 2. Rxg3 Re1+ 3. Rg1
5) 1. Rf8+ Rxf8 2. Ng7# Qg2#
6) 1. Bg8 Rxg8 2. Nf7# 11) 1. ... Bxf3+ 2. Bxf3 Be5; 1. …
7) 1. Rf8+ Qxf8 2. Rxf8+ Rxf8 3. Be5? 2. f4
Qxg6# 12) 1. ... Rf2+ 2. Rxf2 Qh5+ 3. Kg1
8) 1. Rf4+ Kh5 2. Rh4+ gxh4 3. Qh1#

15 Test / Mix: C
1) 1. Rd7+ Nxd7 2. Qg7#; 1. ... attack: luring)
Qxd7 2. Nf6+ (interfering and 8) 1. R1e6 Bxe6 2. Qxh6; 1. …
double attack: luring) Qxe6 2. Rxe6 Bxe6 3. Qxh6 f6
2) 1. Nf6 Bxf6 2. Qe4; 1. … gxf4 4. Qg6+ (interfering)
2. Rxh7# (blocking) 9) 1. ... Ra2+ 2.Bxa2 Nc2#
3) 1. ... b4 2. Bxb4 Qb7+; 1. ... (blocking)
Qb7+? 2. Qf3 (double attack: 10) 1. ... Bxc2+ 2. Kxc2 b3+
luring) (discovered attack: luring)
4) 1. ... Qxc3+ 2. Kxc3 Nxe4+ 11) 1. Nd5 exd5 2. Rxe7; 1. ...
(double attack: luring) Rxd7 2. Nxe7+ or 1. ... Qxd7 2.
5) 1. ... Rxd4 2. Qxd4 Ng4+ Nxf6+ (interfering)
(discovered attack: luring) 12) 1. Bc7 Rxc7 2. Qe5 (double
6) 1. ... Rh4+ 2. Nxh4 g4# attack: luring)
7) 1. Rxb2 Rxb2 2. Qc3 (double

16 Test / Mix: D
1) 1. ... Rd2 and 2. ... Nxf3+ 6) 1. Qxd6 Kxd6 2. Bf4+
(double attack: luring) (discovered attack: luring)
2) 1. Rh8+ Bxh8 2. Qxf7#; 1. ... 7) 1. Qh7+ Nxh7 2. Ng6#
Kxh8 2. Nxf7+ (luring away + (blocking)
mate or double attack: luring) 8) 1. e7 Nxe7 2. Qc7 (double
3) 1. Rxd4 Rxd4 2. Qe3 (double attack: luring)
attack: luring) 9) 1. Qa4+ Ra5 2. Qc6+ Bb6 3.
4) 1. Qg7+ Kxg7 2. Rxg6# Qc8# (blocking)
(discovered check: luring) 10) 1. Qd5+ Qxd5 2. Nxe7+
5) 1. Rxf6+ Kxf6 2. Qf2+ (double (double attack: luring)
attack: luring) 11) Drawing

4
12) Drawing

18 Pin / Placing the back piece: A

1) 1. h6+ Kxh6 (1. ... Kg8 2. Qf6) 7) 1. Nxc6 Qxc6 2. c4; 1. c4?
2. Qh1 (2. Rxd4 Kg7) Nde7
2) 1. e8Q+ Kxe8 2. Ba4; 1. Ba4? 8) 1. ... Qf5 2. Bd3 d5
Rb1+ 9) 1. Bh7+ Kxh7 2. Qxe6
3) 1. Rh8+ Kxh8 2. Bc3; 1. … 10) 1. Bxc5 Qxc5 2. Qxd3; 1. Qxd3
Qxh8 2. Qg6#; 1. Bc3? Qxg3+ cxd3 2. Bxc5 and 3. Bxc8 is
2. fxg3 Bxh5 (often missed) nothing special.
4) 1. g4+ Kxg4 2. Be6 11) 1. Nxc6 Qxc6 2. Qxc4
5) 1. ... Nxd3 2. Qxd3 e5; 1. … 12) 1. Bxf7+! Kxf7 2. Qxe4; 1.
e5? 2. Bxc5 Qxe4? Nxe4 2. Bxf7+ Kh8 (2.
6) 1. Qxc6+ Rxc6 2. Nf4 Rxf7 Nd6)

19 Pin / Placing the front piece: A

1) 1. Bxe5+ Nxe5 2. Qg3 8) 1. Rxc7+ Rxc7 2. Qc8
2) 1. Rxf4+ Qxf4 2. Rf1 9) 1. ... Rxg2+ 2. Rxg2 Qxd2
3) 1. Rxd6 Qxd6 2. Bg3 10) 1. ... Qxf3+ (1. ... Ng4 2. hxg4)
4) Drawing 2. Qxf3 Rxe2+
5) 1. Qf6+ Qg7 2. Re7! Qxf6 3. 11) 1. Qxh7+ Qxh7 2. Nf7#; 1.
Rxh7# Ng6+? Rxg6 2. Qxg6 Re1#
6) 1. Rxe5 Rxe5 2. Re1 12) 1. e6 Bxe6 2. Qxg4
7) 1. Nxc5 Nxc5 2. Na4

20 Pin / Placing front or back piece: A

1) 1. Bxd7+ Kxd7 2. Rh7 8) 1. ... Rxd4 2. Rxd4 c5
2) 1. ... Ra1+ Kxa1 2. Qxd2 9) Drawing
3) 1. ... Rxf2+ 2. Kxf2 Bb6 10) 1. Qxd5+ Qxd5 2. Bg2; 1. Bg2
4) 1. Qxc7 Rxc7 2. Bf4 Bb7
5) 1. ... Qxg2+ 2. Qxg2 Rxf1+ 11) 1. Rxb8 Kxb8 2. d4
6) 1. ... Rxc4+ 2. Bxc4 Qxe2 12) 1. Qa3+ Re7 2. Ng8!
7) 1. ... Rxc3 2. Qxc3 Bf6

21 Endgame / Passed pawn: A

1) 1. ... Bc1 2. Kh5 Bxf4; 2. … 2. Rxc6 Kg7 is not sufficient.
g1Q? 3. Nh3+ 5) 1. Rd7 Rxd7 2. exd7
2) 1. ... Bb2 6) 1. ... Be1+ 2. Ke2 b1Q 3. Rb5+
3) 1. ... e4+ 2. Bxe4 Nxe4 Bb4; 2. Kxe1 b1Q+
4) 1. Rxd8+ Nxd8 2. e7; 1. Rd6 g5 7) 1. ... Qxf3 2. gxf3 e2

5
 8) 1. Bh6+ Kxh7 2. Bxf8; 1. 10) 1. Bc4+ Kh8 2. Bf7 or 2. Bb5
Bf6+? Kxh7 11) 1. Rxf8+ Kxf8 2. d7+
9) 1. Ne4; 1. Nf5? Re8 12) 1. ... Ra3 2. Rxa3 Bxd6+

22 Endgame / Passed pawn: B

1) 1. Qc8+ Nxc8 2. d7 Kf7 2. Rc8 Ra5+
2) 1. Rh5 Rxh5 2. fxe7 8) Drawing
3) 1. Qe6+ Qxe6 2. dxe6 9) 1. ... Qxc5 2. Nxc5 a7
4) 1. Rc7 d4 2. Rc8 10) 1. Rd8 Rxd8 2. Bf6+
5) 1. Nb7+ Nxb7 2. a6 Kc7 3. a7 11) Drawing
6) 1. Be5+ Bxe5 (1. ... Kxe5 2. 12) 1. Rg7+ Kh8 2. Rh7+ Kg8 3.
g7) 2. a7 Rh8+ Kxh8 4. g7+
7) 1. Rc8+ Rxc8 2. d7+; 1. d7+

23 Endgame / Defending against the passed pawn: A

1) 1. Bb3 (1. Bb5? Kc2) 1. … Kc1 Kb2 3. Ba2 ½-½
(1. … Ka1 2. Bc2) 2. Ba2 ½-½ 7) 1. ... Nh1+ Kg2 2. Ke3 Kxh1 3.
2) 1. ... b3+ 2. Kxb3 Ba5 ½-½ Kf2 stalemate
3) 1. Bd5+ Kg7 2. Ba2 ½-½ 8) 1. ... Ke5 2. a7 Be6 3. a8Q
4) 1. Bc4+ Kxc4 2. Kxe2 Kc3 3. Bd5+ ½-½
Kd1 Kd3 stalemate 9) 1. Bd7 Kxc7 2. Bxh3 ½-½
5) 1. Nd4 c1Q 2. Nf3#; 1. … Kg5 10) 1. Kf2 d1Q 2. Rxe1 1-0
2. Nxc2 1-0 11) 1. Kd7 a2 2. Ke7 a1Q 3. Bf6+
6) 1. Bb1 (1. Bd3+? Kc3!) 1. … ½-½
Kb3 (1. … Kc3 2. Ba2) 2. Kd3 12) 1. Ne4 g2 2. Nd2+ ½-½

25 Double attack / Eliminating the defence: A

1) 1. Bxc6+ Bxc6 2. Ne5+ 7) 1. Bxc7 winning a pawn (luring
(capturing) away)
2) 1. Qxe5 Rxe5 2. Nf6+ 8) 1. ... Bxb2 (capturing)
(capturing) 9) 1. Rxf7+ Rxf7 2. Ne6+
3) 1. a5 Nc8 2. Nd5 (chasing (capturing)
away) 10) 1. Bxb7 Bxb7? 2. Ne6+ (luring
4) 1. Qxe8+ Rxe8 2. Nc6+ away)
(capturing) 11) 1. ... Nhxf3+ 2. Bxf3 Nxh3+
5) 1. ... d4 2. Ne4 Nb3+ (chasing (luring away)
away) 12) 1. ... g4 2. Nf4 Nf3+
6) 1. ... Qxf3 2. gxf3 Ne2+ (interfering)
(capturing)

6
26 Double attack / Eliminating the defence: B
1) 1. d5 Ne5 2. Qa4+ (chasing away)
away) 8) 1. ... Ne3 2. fxe3 Qxe3+
2) 1. Bxc6 dxc6 2. Qa3+ (luring)
(capturing) 9) 1. Re7 Qxe7 2. Qxd5+ (luring
3) 1. Nxf5 exf5 2. Qxd5+ (luring away)
away) 10) 1. ... Bxg2 2. Qxg2 Qa5 (luring
4) 1. f4 Re7 2. Qb2+; 1. Qb2? away)
Qb6+ (chasing away) 11) 1. Nd4 exd4 2. Qb3+
5) 1. Ng5 fxg5 2. Qh5+; 1. ... g6 (interfering)
2. Qh4+ (interfering) 12) 1. ... a6 (or first 1. … Qg6+ and
6) 1. Bxf6 Qxf6 2. Qd5+ 2. … a6) 2. Qb3 Qg6+ (chasing
(capturing) away)
7) 1. Nxg6+ hxg6 2. Qh4+ (luring

27 Mate / Magnet: A
1) 1. Re8+ Kxe8 2. Qe7# 8) 1. Qf8+ Kxf8 2. Rxf7+ Ke8 3.
2) 1. Rh8+ Kxh8 2. Qh7# Rf8+ Kd7 4. R2f7#
3) 1. Qh6+ Kxh6 2. Rh1#; 1. … 9) 1. Rh8+ Kxh8 2. Qe8+ Kh7 3.
Kg8 2. Rc8+ and mate Qg8#
4) 1. ... Ra3+ 2. Kxa3 Qa6 and 10) 1. Rh8+ Qxh8 2. Qf7#
mate 11) 1. ... Rh2+ 2. Kxh2 Qf4+ 3.
5) Drawing Kh1 Qf3+ 4. Kh2 Qg2#
6) 1 Drawing 12) 1. Qf6+ Kxf6 2. Be5#; 1. …
7) 1. a4+ Kxa4 2. Qb3+ Kg8 2. Be5 with mate.

28 Mate / Magnet: B
1) 1. Rc4+ Kxc4 2. Qc3# 7) 1. Rb8+ Kxb8 2. Rh8#
2) 1. Rxh7+ Kxh7 2. Qf7+ Kh6 3. 8) 1. ... Rh1+ 2. Kxh1 Qh3+ 3.
Qxg6#; 2. … Kh8 3. Nxg6# Kg1 Nf3#
3) 1. ... Qh1+ 2. Kxh1 Bf3+ 3. 9) 1. ... Rg1+ 2. Kxg1 Qxh2+ 3.
Kg1 Rd1# Kf1 Qh1#
4) 1. Qf8+ Kxf8 2. Rd8# 10) 1. ... Ra3+ 2. Kxa3 Qa1+ 3.
5) 1. ... Bd3+ 2. Kxd3 Qd1# Kb3 a4#
6) 1. ... Qg1+ 2. Kxg1 Rbxg2+ 3. 11) 1. ... Bxh3 2. Kxh3 Qf4 and
Kh1 Rg1+ 4. Rxg1 Nf2#; 2. mate op g3.
Rxg1 Nf2# 12) 1. Rh7+ Kxh7 2. Qh2+

29 Strategy / Pawn structure: A

1) 1. ... c5 2. bxc5 Bxc5

7
 The black bishop is more active now; beside that the white pawns are
split up.
2) 1. Nd5+ and 2. Nxf6
The black pawn structure got worse; especially pawn f7 is a problem
child. Black can try to play f5 and f6, but then f5 will become a target
for the white bishop.
3) Drawing
4) 1. ... g5 2. fxg6? Bxg4
Thanks to the pin of the white f-pawn Black can solve the problem of
his backward pawn. Otherwise the rook should take over the protection
of the g-pawn. The rook is no longer occupied by protecting the h-
pawn.
5) 1. Bxc6+ bxc6 2. Qxf3
Before White takes back on f3, he weakens the pawn structure of the
opponent.
6) Drawing
7) 1. f5 Bxc4 2. bxc4; 1. Bxe6 fxe6 and there is nothing to worry about.
White allows a double pawn. Black can not protect his weak pawn
anymore.
8) 1. e5 Bc7 2. Bxg6
White doesn’t take on d5 because after 1. exd5 exd5 White remains
with a pawn on e3 which can be attacked very easily. He prefers to
move his e-pawn forward with tempo to deliver Black a weak double
g-pawn.
9) 1. Rc1 c5 2. Rc4
Of course White doesn’t exchange on d5. The weak pawn on c6 must
remain on the board. The rook is the best piece to attack the weak c-
and a-pawn.
10) 1. ... h4 2. Bxe5 dxe5
Black gets a strong pawn duo in the centre.
11) 1. h5 Bf5 2. h6
Advancing the h-pawn is worsening the black pawn structure after 2.
… gxh6 3. Bxf6 or after 2. … Bf8, when it is up to White in which
moment he will take on g7.
12) 1. Re2
It would be foolish to exchange the weak pawn on e5 for the f2-pawn.
White can still take it on the next move.

30 Test / Mix: E
1) 1. Bc3 Bxc3 2. c7; 1. c7? Bxc7 2. Bxc7 Kg5 (cashing in a

8
 passed pawn) 7) 1. Nd8 or 1. Bd8 (interfering)
2) 1. ... Rxd4 2. Rxd4 Qg5 or 1. ... 8) 1. Ke3 Ng5 2. Bf6+; 1. ... Nd6
Qg5 (double attack: eliminating 2. Bc5 (cashing in a passed
the defence) pawn)
3) 1. Nxd5 winning a pawn 9) 1. ... Qxf3+ 2. Kxf3 Nh4+ 3.
(placing the front piece) Kf4 g5# (mate)
4) 1. ... Rg1+ 2. Kxg1 Nf3+ 3. 10) 1. ... Rxc1 2. Rxc1 Qh6 (double
Kh1 Qh2# (magnet) attack: luring)
5) 1. d6 Bxd6 2. Rb6 (placing the 11) 1. Nc6! Rxe3 2. Qxc2; 1. ...
front piece) Rxc6 2. Rxe7 (interfering)
6) 1. Rh8+ Kxh8 2. Qxh6+ Kg8 3. 12) 1. ... Qxe2 2. Rxe2 f6 (placing
Qxg7# (placing the back piece) the back piece)

31 Test / Mix: F
1) 1. ... Bxe3 2. fxe3 Nc2 (double 6) 1. ... Be2 2. f3 Nxg3; 2. Qxe2
attack: luring) hxg6 (defending against a pin)
2) 1. f4 Bd6 2. Qxe6+ (attack on a 7) 1. Bc4 Rg7 2. Rh8+ (double
pinned piece) attack: eliminating the defence)
3) 1. Qa8 Rxa8 2. Nxe7+ (double 8) Drawing
attack: eliminating the defence) 9) Drawing
4) 1. Qf8+ Kxf8 2. Rh8#; 1. ... 10) 1. Rh7+ Rxh7 2. Qxg5+ Kxg5
Rxf8 2. Ne7# (luring away + 3. d8Q+ (cashing in a passed
mate/ blocking) pawn)
5) 1. ... Be7 2. Qxg5 Bxg5+; 2. 11) 1. ... Bf6+ 2. Bc3 Qd2 (placing
Rdh1 Qxf4 3. Rxf4 Bg5 the front piece)
(double attack) 12) 1. Qg8+ Kxg8 2. Ng6 (mate)

32 Rook ending / Passed pawn: A

1) 1. Ra6 Rxa6 2. bxa6 and 3. 7) 1. ... Rd1+ 2. Kxd1 exf2 with
a8Q+ promotion.
2) 1. Rd6+ Rxd6 2. b8Q 8) 1. h6+ Kg8 2. h7+ Kg7 3. Rxf8
3) 1. Rh3+ Kg8 2. Rg3 Rxg3 3. 9) 1. ... Rb2+ 2. Ke3 Rb3+ 3.
d7; 1. Rf8+? Kh7 2. Rd8 Rg5 3. Rxb3 a1Q or 2. Kd1 Rb1+
Kd2 Kg7 10) 1. Kb4 Ra1 2. Rc5+ and 3. Ra5;
4) 1. ... Rg4+ 2. Kc5 Rh4 with 1. Rc5+?? Rxc5 with check!
promotion. 11) 1. exd6 Rxe1+ 2. Kf2 Re8 3.
5) 1. Re3 Kxe3 2. e7 Rd1+ 3. Kc2 dxc7 and 4. d7
Rd2+ 4. Kc1 with promotion 12) 1. ... Rc1! followed by 2. … d2
6) 1. Rd4 Kxd4 2. d7 with because 2. Ke3 fails to 2. …
promotion. Re1+.

9
34 Double attack / Chasing or aiming: A
1) Drawing Qa8+? Rd8
2) 1. ... Qc5+ 2. Kf1 Ne3+; 2. Kh1 8) 1. ... Qe1+ 2. Kg2 Qe4+; 1. …
Nf2+ Qe4+? 2. Qg2
3) 1. Nb6+ Kb8 2. Nd7+ 9) 1. Qc2+ Kg8 2. Qc8+
4) 1. Nc7 and 2. Ne6+ or 2. Nxa8 10) 1. Qh5 g6 2. Qd5
5) 1. ... Nf3+ 2. Kxg2 Nd2 11) 1. Qa4 b6 2. Qe4
6) 1. ... Nc5 and 2. ... Nd3 12) 1. Qa7 and 2. Qa2+
7) 1. Qe8+ Kh7 2. Qe4+; 1.

35 Double attack / Chasing or aiming: B

1) 1. Qe5+ Kg8 2. Qd5+ winning 7) 1. f4 Re6 2. Ng7+
a rook. 8) 1. ... Qd4+ 2. Be3 Qxb2
2) 1. Nf5 Qf6 2. Nh6+ 9) 1. Be3 Qa8 2. Nc7+
3) 1. ... Bb7+ 2. Kg1 Ne2+ 10) 1. ... Nd4 2. Qe3 Ne2+
4) 1. Qb2 Rd1 2. Qb4+ 11) 1. b4 Bd4 2. Qe4+
5) 1. ... Qd4+ 2. Qf2 Qb4 12) 1. Nc5! Re8 2. Na6; 1. ... dxc5
6) 1. ... Qd1+ 2. Kg2 Qc2+ 2. Rd7

37 King’s attack / Mating pattern ( ): A

1) 4 mating patterns 8) 1. Ne7+ Kh8 2. Ng6+
2) 4 mating patterns 9) 1. Qa8+ Kh7 2. Qh8+
3) 4 mating patterns 10) 1. Ra8+ Kxa8 2. Bxc7 gxh3 3.
4) 1. ... Qxf1+ 2. Kxf1 Bd3+ Ra1#
5) 1. Rf3+ Kh8 2. Ng6+ hxg6 3. 11) 1. Qxd4 Bxd4 2. Bxd4 b5 3.
Rh3# Rh8#
6) 1. Qxg8+ Kxg8 2. Rh8+ 12) 1. Be6+ Kb7 2. Bd5+ Ka7 3.
7) 1. ... Rxh2+ 2. Qxh2 Qxh2+ 3. Ra8#; 1. Bd5+ Qxh8
Kxh2 Rh8#

38 King’s attack / Mating pattern ( ): B

1) 4 mating patterns 8) 1. Ndf7+ Kh7 2. Ng5+
2) 4 mating patterns 9) 1. Qxh6+ Bxh6 2. Ng5+ Kh8 3.
3) 4 mating patterns Rh7#
4) 1. Qxh7+ Kxh7 2. Rh3+ 10) 1. Qg6 fxg6 2. Rxg7+
5) Drawing 11) 1. ... Qh3 2. Rbg1 Qxh2+
6) Drawing 12) 1. Qxg7+ Nxg7 2. Rxh6+
7) 1. Ne7+ Kh8 2. Qxh7+

10
39 King’s attack / Mating pattern ( ): C
1) 4 mating patterns 7) 1. Ng6+ Kh7 2. Ne5+
2) 4 mating patterns 8) 1. Qxc7+ Kxc7 2. Nd5+
3) 4 mating patterns 9) 1. ... Qxg2 2. Kxg2 Nf4+
4) 1. ... Qb4+ 2. Ka1 Qc3+ 10) 1. Nef6+ gxf6 2. Bh6+
5) 1. ... Qxg2+ 2. Kxg2 Bf3+ 11) 1. Qf6 gxf6 2. Nh6+
6) 1. Qxh7+ Nxh7 2. Ng6+ 12) 1. Qg8+ Kxg8 2. Ne7+

40 King’s attack / Attacking the castled king: A

1) 1. Bxh7+ Kh8 2. Bg6+ Kg8 3. 7) 1. … Ng3 2. Kg1 Qg2+ 3.
Qh7+ Kf8 4. Qxf7# Rxg2 Nh3#
2) 1. Qg7+ Bxg7 2. Bxg7+ Kg8 3. 8) 1. Bf6
Bf6# 9) 1. Ng4 fxg4 2. Bxh7+ and
3) 1. Qg7+ Bxg7 2. Rd8+ Bf8 3. further as in position 1.
Rxf8# 10) 1. Qh6 Qe7 (protects f7 - see 1)
4) 1. Bh6+ Kxh6 2. Qf6+ Kh5 3. 2. Qxh7+ Kf8 3. Qh8#
g4# 11) 1. Qxf7 Nxf7 2. Rg8+ Rxg8 3.
5) 1. Qg3 Rg8 2. Qc3+ Nxf7#
6) 1. Rf4 exf4 2. gxf4 and 3. Rg1 12) 1. Qg4+ Kh8 2. Qh4

41 King’s attack / Attacking the castled king: B

1) 1. Nf6+ gxf6 2. Qg3+ Kh8 3. 7) Drawing
Bxf6# 8) Drawing
2) 1. Qxh7+ Rxh7 2. Rg8+ and 9) 1. Qh5 Bh4 2. Qxh7+ Kxh7 3.
mate; 1. … Kxh7 2. Rh5# Rxh4+ Kg8 4. Rh8#; 1. …
3) 1. Ng6+ hxg6 2. Qh6+ Bh7 3. gxh5 2. Rg3+ and mate.
Qxg7# 10) 1. Qg6 hxg5 (1. … fxg6 2.
4) 1. Ne7+ Kh8 2. Rxh7+ Kxh7 3. Ne7+ Kh8 3. Nxg6+) 2. hxg5
Qh1#; 2. … Nxh7 3. Ng6# fxg6 3. Ne7#
5) 1. Ng6+ fxg6 2. Qxh7+ Kxh7 11) 1. Qxh7+ Kxh7 2. Rh5+ Kg7 3.
3. Rh4# Bh6+ Kh8 4. Bf8#
6) 1. Nh6+ gxh6 2. Qxf6; 1. ... 12) 1. Qc7+ Ka7 2. Qxb7+ Kxb7 3.
Kh8 2. Qxf6!; 2. Bxf6? exf3 Rb3+ Ka7 4. Rc7#

42 King’s attack / Attacking the castled king: C

1) 1. ... Ne2+ 2. Rxe2 Nf4 4) 1. Qh6 Rg8 2. Re8 Qxe8 3.
2) 1. Qxg7+ Kxg7 2. Rh8! and 3. Qf6+
R1h7# 5) 1. Nf6+ Bxf6 2. Bd3
3) 1. Re8 Qxe8 2. Qxf6+; 1. ... 6) 1. Nf5 fxg5 2. Ne7#
Bc4 2. Qg7# 7) 1. Re7 Rxe7 2. Qxf8#; 1. ...

11
 Bxe7 2. Qxh7# 10) 1. Rf5 and 2. Qh6
8) 1. Bxh7+ Nxh7 2. Qxf7+ Kh8 11) 1. Rxd7 Bxd7 2. Nf6+ Kf8 3.
3. Ng6# Nd5
9) 1. Rg3+ Kh8 2. Re4; 1. Re4? 12) 1. Qf6 Bxf6 (otherwise 2.
Qg7 Rh8+) 2. gxf6 and 3. Rh8#

44 Tactics / Seventh rank: A

1) 1. Qf1+ Ke8 2. Qb5+ Kf8 3. gxf6 2. Qe6+ Kh8 3. Qxf6+; 1.
Qxc5+ Qxh6? b1Q!
2) 1. Rb7+ Ka8 2. Qxc8+ Rxc8 3. 8) 1. ... Rg2 2. a8Q Rbf2 3. Ke1
Rxa7+ Kb8 4. Rhg7# Rg1#
3) 1. Ra7+ Kb8 2. Rcb7+ Kc8 3. 9) 1. ... Nf3 2. gxf3 Rd2
a6 and mate op a8. 10) 1. Qxg6 fxg6 2. Rxg7+ Kh8 3.
4) 1. ... Rxb2 2. Qxa8+ Ke7 Rh7+ Kg8 4. Rag7#
5) 1. ... Qe3 2. Rxf2 Qxh3+ 3. 11) 1. Qxf4+ Nxf4 2. Rcf7+ Ke8 3.
Kg1 Qg3+ Rg8#
6) 1. ... Qxe4+! 2. Nxe4 Nf3; 1. … 12) 1. Nxf6+ exf6 2. Re7; 1. d6!?
Nf3? 2. Qxh7# Ne8!
7) 1. Nf6+ Kh8 2. Qxh6+; 1. …

45 Tactics / Seventh rank: B

1) 1. ... Qxd4+ 2. Qxd4 Rg2+ 3. Rc8
Kh1 Rxh2+ 4. Kg1 Rbg2# 7) 1. ... Qe1 (threatens 2. … Qf2+)
2) 1. Rg7+ Kh8 2. Nf8 (threatens 2. Qxe1 Nf3+ 3. Kh1 Rxh2#
3. Ng6#) 2. … Rxf8 3. Rh7+ 8) Drawing
Kg8 4. Rcg7# 9) Drawing
3) 1. Nf6 Bg7 2. Qh6 and 3. 10) 1. Nf5! (1. Ne6 Re7); 1. ... gxf5
Qxh7# or 3. Rxh7# 2. Rd7
4) 1. Rxg7+ Kxg7 2. Rc7+ 11) 1. Bh6 gxh6 2. R1e7; 1. … Rg8
5) 1. Qd7 Qh8 (otherwise 2. Rf8+) 2. R1e7
2. Rh7 Qf6 3. Rh8+ 12) 1. ... Be3! 2. fxe3 Qh3+; 2.
6) 1. c8Q Rxc8 2. Qb7; 1. ... Qxb2 Qxe3 Qxd1; 2. Nc2 Qf3
2. Qc7; 1. Qb7? Re2 or 1. …

47 Endgame strategy / Pawn ending: A

1) 1. h4 Kd4 2. f6 (throwing up an control the king; White
obstacle; the black king will captures on h3 and approaches
remain outside the square of the with the king)
pawn) 3) 1. g3 g5 2. g4 Kc6 3. Kxc4; 1.
2) 1. a4 Kc5 2. a5 (the pawns g4? g5 (working with

12
 zugzwang) weakening the pawn structure)
4) 1. a5 bxa5 2. Kd2 Kb3 3. Kc1 9) 1. ... a6 2. Kd2 Kb3 (activating
(shifting the key squares by the king but first preventing b5)
delivering Black a rook’s 10) 1. ... f5 (Black must activate his
pawn) king, but first he must prevent
5) 1. ... Kb8; 1. … b5 2. axb6 with White playing e4)
draw (first activate the king) 11) 1. ... f4 2. Kc4 Kg6 (activating
6) 1. ... b6 2. Kf3 a6 (candidate the king; first 1. … Kg6 does
passed pawn in front) not win after 2. g3)
7) 1. ... Kc3 2. a4 Kxd4 3. Ke6 12) 1. ... h4 (1. … Kg4 2. Kh6
Kc5 4. Ke5 with a draw (first Kxg3 3. Kxh5) 2. gxh4 h5
hold off the king) (holding off the white king)
8) 1. ... g5+ 2. hxg5 Kg6 (first

48 Test / Mix: G
1) 1. Qb8+ Kh7 2. Qb1+ (double Rxg5 Rxf2 3. Rxf2 hxg5
attack: chasing) (‘seventh’ rank)
2) 1. Ne6 Bxe3 2. Nxd8+ 8) 1. Qg6 Bxg3 2. f6 (king’s
(discovered attack) attack)
3) 1. ... Rxc3 2. Rxa2 Rf3+ 9) 1. Rg4+ fxg4 2. Qg6+ Kh8 3.
(‘seventh’ rank) Qh7# (king’s attack - access)
4) 1. Qg1+ Kf8 2. Qc1 (double 10) 1. h3 Nh6 2. Qe4 (double
attack: aiming) attack: eliminating the defence)
5) 1. Rg1+ Kh8 2. Qxh7+ Kxh7 3. 11) 1. ... Qxg2+ 2. Rxg2 Rdxg2+ 3.
Rh4# (mate door access) Kh1 Rg1+ (‘seventh’ rank)
6) 1. Rc7+ Kg6 2. Qd1 (double 12) 1. Qh5 Nc6 2. Qh2+ (double
attack: chasing) attack: aiming)
7) 1. ... Re2 2. Qxc5 Rgxg2+; 2.

49 Test / Mix: H
1) 1. Ra8+ Bd8 2. Rxd8+ Kxd8 3. Rh7# (king’s attack - access)
Nxf7+ (double attack: luring) 7) 1. d6 Bxd6 2. Qd2 (double
2) Drawing attack: luring)
3) 1. Bf8 Rxf8 2. Ne7# (mate) 8) 1. Rf6 Qxe5 2. Qxh6+; 2.
4) 1. e4 Bxe4 2. Qb1 (placing the Rh6+? Kg8 (king’s attack)
front piece) 9) 1. ... Qxh2+ 2. Kxh2 Nf3+ and
5) 1. Rxf6 Qxf6 2. Qc2; 1. Qc2? 3. … Nf2# (double check:
Rc4 (double attack: eliminating luring)
the defence) 10) 1. ... Qg3 2. fxg3 Rxg2+ 3. Kh1
6) 1. Qxg6+ hxg6 2. Nf6+ Kg7 3. Rdd2 (‘seventh’ rank)

13
11) 1. Bg6+ Kxg6 2. Qh5#; 1. ... 12) 1. ... Bxf2+ 2. Kxf2 Nxe4+; 2.
Ke6 2. Qc8+ Qd7 3. Bf5+ Qxf2 Nd3+ (double attack:
(double attack: chasing) luring)

51 Double attack / Clearing: A

1) 1. Nxc6 Rxc6 2. Qd4+ 7) 1. ... Qxf3+ 2. Bxf3 Ne3+
2) 1. Qa8+ Kh7 2. Nf3 8) 1. ... Nf5 2. Rf3 Qb8+; 1. ...
3) 1. ... Nxf3+ 2. gxf3 Qd4+ Qb8? 2. Be5
4) 1. g5 Bg7 2. Qh3+; 1. Qh3+? 9) 1. Rxc3 bxc3 2. g4
Kg8 2. g5 Bf5 10) 1. e6 fxe6 2. Qc3; 1. Qc3? Bb4
5) 1. Bxd5 Nxd5 2. Nc6 11) 1. ... Bb3 2. Re1 Nc4
6) 1. Qxf5 Rxf5 2. Ne6+ 12) 1. ... b3 2. axb3 Nb4

52 Double attack / X-ray: A

1) 1. Qxd6 Rxd6 2. Bb4 8) 1. ... Nf5 2. exf5 Rh2+
2) 1. e4 dxe4 2. Bg4; 1. Bg4? 9) 1. … g5 2. Qxg5 Be7 and 3. …
Qb1+ Bxh4
3) 1. ... d4 2. Bxd4 Bd5+ 10) 1. Qb8+ Kf5 2. Qf8+ Kg4 3.
4) 1. ... f5 2. Nd2 Bb4 Qg8+
5) 1. ... Re5+ 2. Kc4 Be2+; 2. Kc6 11) 1. Qe3 Qb8 2. Re1; 2. … Bxd5
Bd7# 3. Bxd5+ Nf7 4. Rf1
6) 1. ... Rb1 2. Qxb1 Qh1+ 12) 1. ... Bc5 2. Bxc5 Qxc4+
7) 1. ... Nc6+ 2. Bxc6 Rb1+

54 Endgame / Queen against pawn: A

1) 1. Qe1 (the queen occupies the enough to the pawn)
promotion square) 7) Drawing
2) 1. ... Kc2 (½-½ because of the 8) Drawing
rook’s pawn; the white king is 9) 1. Kd3 (the white king is close
too far away) enough to the pawn)
3) 1. Kg3 (1. Qxd2 stalemate) 10) 1. Kb4 Kb2 2. Ka4+ (the white
4) 1. Qa6 (the queen occupies the king is close enough to the
promotion square) pawn)
5) 1. Qe5 Kb3 2. Kf5 c2 3. Qa1 11) 1. Kf4 f1Q+ 2. Kg3 (the white
(the queen occupies the king is close enough to the
promotion square or the pawn pawn)
does not come on the second 12) 1. Qb3 or 1. Qa1+ (preventing
rank) the black king to occupy the
6) 1. Kb3 c1Q 2. Qh7+ Ka1 3. corner)
Qa7+ (the white king is close

14
55 Test / Mix: I
1) 1. Nc7 Qxd6 2. Nxe8+ (double 8) 1. ... Qxb3 2. axb3 Nf3+
attack: chasing) (double attack: eliminating the
2) 1. Ne8 Rdxe8 2. Qf6+ defence)
(interfering and square 9) 1. Qh6 gxh6 2. Nxh6# (mate
clearance) door access)
3) 1. Bc5 Qxe2 2. Rxe7+ 10) 1. Qd5 Nc6 2. Qxc6 (double
4) 1. Rh8+ Kxh8 2. Bf7# attack: luring)
(discovered check: luring) 11) 1. Bh6 winning the exchange;
5) 1. ... Rh2+ 2. Kxh2 Nf3+ 1. ... Re8 2. Bxa6 (king’s
(magnet) attack)
6) 1. ... Ra2+ 2. Rd2 Qd7 (pacing 12) 1. Rg7!; 1. Rg8+? Qxg8 2.
the front piece) Bxg8 Rxg8 and Black wins. (7th
7) 1. d7 Rd8 2. Qa5 (double rank)
attack: chasing)

56 Test / Mix: J
1) 1. ... Nxd5 2. exd5 Qh4+ (blocking)
(double attack: clearing) 8) 1. Rc8 Qxc8 2. Ne7+ (double
2) 1. ... Be5! 2. Qxe5 Nf3+; 2. attack: luring)
Qg5 Nf3+ (double attack: 9) 1. Ne7+ Qxe7 2. Qg4+; 1.
luring/chasing) Qg4+ Kf8 (double attack:
3) 1. ... Rf1+ 2. Kxf1 Qf5+; 2. clearing/eliminating the
Rxf1 Qxe3+ (magnet/luring defence)
away + mate) 10) 1. ... Re1 2. Qxe1 Qg4#; 2.
4) 1. Rh6 gxh6 2. Qf6# (mate by Re8+ Qxe8+ (luring away +
access) mate)
5) 1. ... Qf1+ 2. Rxf1 Rxf1# (mate 11) 1. ... Rxe3 2. Qxe3 Bd4
thanks to x-ray protection) 12) 1. Nf6+ Kh8 2. Qg5 with the
6) 1. Nxc5 Qxc5 2. Qe4 (double threat 3. Qxh6+; on 2. … hxg5
attack: clearing) follows 3. Rh3# (king’s attack:
7) 1. ... Nf3+ 2. Bxf3 Be5# access)

15