A Project Report

On

STUDENT ATTENDANCE THROUGH QR CODE

Submitted in partial fulfillment of the

requirement for the award of the degree of

BACHELOR OF COMPUTER APPLICATION

DEGREE
Session 2024-25
BCA3152
By
ASHUTOSH SHARMA
SPARSH SINGH
AYUSH YADAV

Under the guidance of

MR. VIKAS YADAV

SCHOOL OF COMPUTER APPLICATIONS AND TECHNOLOGY

GALGOTIAS UNIVERSITY, GREATER NOIDA

INDIA
 SCHOOL OF COMPUTER APPLICATIONS AND
TECHNOLOGY
GALGOTIAS UNIVERSITY, GREATER NOIDA

CANDIDATE’S DECLARATION

I/We hereby certify that the work which is being presented in the project, entitled

“………………………………………………………………………………” in partial

fulfillment of the requirements for the award of the Bachelor of Computer Applications.

submitted in the School of Computer Applications and Technology of Galgotias University,

Greater Noida, is an original work carried out during the period of July 2024 to Dec 2024,

under the supervision of MR.VIKAS YADAV, Department of Computer Science and

Engineering/School of Computer Applications and Technology , Galgotias University,

Greater Noida.

The matter presented in the thesis/project/dissertation has not been submitted by me/us for

the award of any other degree of this or any other places.

ASHUTOSH SHARMA

SPARSH SINGH

AYUSH YADAV

This is to certify that the above statement made by the candidates is correct to the best of my

knowledge.

MR. VIKAS YADAV

 CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that Project Report entitled

“……………………...........................................................................................” which is

submitted by ………………………….... in partial fulfillment of the requirement for the award

of degree BCA. in Department of ...................................................... of School of

Computer Applications and Technology, Galgotias University, Greater Noida, India is a

record of the candidate own work carried out by him/them under my supervision. The matter

embodied in this thesis is original and has not been submitted for the award of any other

degree

Signature of Examiner(s) Signature of Supervisor(s)

CHAPTERS Page No.

Introduction 3

Project Objectives 4

Project Scope 5

Proposed System 6

System Design & Architecture 7

Testing 8

Conclusion 10

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 CHAP TER - 1

Introduction

In the realm of education, maintaining accurate attendance records is a fundamental

yet often challenging task. Traditional methods, such as roll calls and paper-based
registers, can be time-consuming and prone to errors. As educational institutions
increasingly adopt digital tools, there is a pressing need for innovative solutions that
streamline administrative processes and enhance the learning experience.

The QR Attendance System emerges as a modern solution to the age-old problem of

attendance tracking. By leveraging the power of QR code technology, this system
automates the attendance marking process, making it more efficient and user-friendly
for both instructors and students. Instructors can generate unique QR codes for each
class session, which students can then scan using their smartphones to mark their
attendance instantly.

This project aims not only to simplify attendance management but also to provide
accurate and reliable records that can be easily accessed and analyzed. With features
designed for both ease of use and functionality, the QR Attendance System represents
a significant step forward in utilizing technology to enhance educational
administration.

By implementing this system, institutions can save valuable time, reduce the
likelihood of human error, and foster a more engaging learning environment where
both instructors and students can focus on what truly matters—education.

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 CHAPTER – 2

Project Objectives

The primary objectives of the QR Attendance System are as follows:

1. Automate Attendance Tracking: To eliminate the manual process of

attendance marking by using QR codes, allowing students to mark their
presence with a simple scan.
2. Enhance Accuracy: To reduce human errors associated with traditional
attendance methods, ensuring that attendance records are accurate and
reliable.
3. Save Time: To significantly decrease the time required for attendance
management, enabling instructors to focus more on teaching rather than
administrative tasks.
4. User-Friendly Interface: To develop an intuitive and accessible interface for
both students and faculty, facilitating easy navigation and use of the system.
5. Real-Time Data Access: To provide real-time access to attendance records,
enabling instructors and administrators to monitor attendance trends
effectively.
6. Data Analytics: To incorporate basic analytics features that allow educators to
evaluate attendance patterns and identify students who may require
additional support.
7. Secure Data Management: To ensure that all attendance data is securely
stored and managed, protecting the privacy of students and complying with
relevant data protection regulations.
8. Scalability: To design a system that can be easily scaled to accommodate
varying class sizes and different educational institutions.

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 CHAPTER - 3

Project Scope

The scope of the QR Attendance System project encompasses the following key
areas:

1. System Features:
o QR Code Generation: The system will generate unique QR codes for
each class session, allowing students to scan and mark their attendance.
o Attendance Marking: Students can mark their attendance by scanning
the QR code displayed in the classroom using their mobile devices.
o Attendance Management: Instructors will have the ability to view, edit,
and manage attendance records through an intuitive web interface.
o Manual Entry: The system will allow for manual entry of attendance for
students who may have difficulties using QR codes.
2. User Roles:
o Students: Can scan QR codes to mark attendance, view their attendance
reco
o rds, and receive notifications regarding attendance updates.
o Instructors: Can create class sessions, generate QR codes, monitor
attendance, and access reports on student attendance trends.
o Administrators: Can manage the overall system, including user
accounts, class data, and ensure data integrity and security.
3. Technology Stack:
o Frontend: The project will utilize HTML, CSS, and JavaScript for the user
interface, ensuring a responsive and user-friendly design.
o Backend: The backend will be developed using Flask and Python, with
SQLite as the database for storing attendance records.
o QR Code Generation: The system will leverage libraries like qrcode to
generate QR codes dynamically.
4. Limitations:
o The initial version of the system will focus on single-class attendance
tracking, with potential future expansions to support multiple classes
and larger institutions.
o Internet connectivity is required for students to scan QR codes and for
instructors to access attendance data.
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 CHAPTER - 4

Proposed System

The proposed system for the QR Attendance System aims to streamline the attendance
marking process in educational institutions by utilizing modern technology to enhance
efficiency, accuracy, and user experience. The system will incorporate the following
components:

1. System Architecture

The proposed system will follow a client-server architecture where the client side
(frontend) interacts with the server side (backend) to manage attendance data. This
architecture will facilitate smooth communication between users and the database,
ensuring real-time updates and retrieval of attendance records.

2. Components of the Proposed System

 User Interface (Frontend):

o QR Code Generation: Each class session will have a Responsive Design: The
frontend will be designed to be user-friendly and accessible on various
devices (desktops, tablets, and smartphones).
o Dashboard: A centralized dashboard for instructors and students to view
attendance statistics, class schedules, and notifications.
o QR Code Display: Instructors will be able to generate and display QR
codes for each class session easily.
 Backend System:
o Flask Framework: The backend will be developed using Flask, a
lightweight web framework for Python, ensuring scalability and
flexibility.
o Database Management: SQLite will be used for storing user data,
attendance records, and session details, providing a simple yet effective
database solution.

3. Attendance Marking Process

 unique QR code generated and displayed on the instructor’s dashboard. This

code will be linked to the specific class and session time.

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  Student Interaction: Students will scan the QR code using their mobile devices,
which will trigger an attendance mark in the system, associating their ID with
that session.
 Confirmation and Feedback: Upon successful attendance marking, students
will receive a confirmation message. Instructors will be able to view
attendance in real-time.

4. Manual Attendance Entry

In addition to the QR code scanning feature, the system will include an option for
manual attendance entry. This will be particularly useful for students who may face
difficulties with QR code scanning due to technical issues or lack of access to mobile
devices.

5. Reporting and Analytics

 The system will provide reporting features that allow instructors to view and
analyze attendance data over time. This can help identify trends, such as
frequent absences, enabling timely interventions.

6. Security Measures

 Authentication: Users will be required to authenticate themselves before

accessing the system. This will involve secure login credentials for both
students and instructors.
 Data Protection: The system will implement data encryption to ensure the
privacy and integrity of user data and attendance records.

7. User Training and Support

To facilitate smooth adoption of the system, training sessions will be conducted for
instructors and students, explaining how to use the QR Attendance System effectively.
Additionally, a support system will be established to address any technical issues or
user queries.

8. Future Enhancements

 The proposed system will be designed with scalability in mind, allowing for
future enhancements such as integration with learning management systems.
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 CHAPTER -5

System Design and Architecture

The System Design and Architecture of the QR Attendance System is critical in

ensuring that the application is scalable, efficient, and user-friendly. This section
outlines the architectural components, system design considerations, and data flow
within the application.

1. Architectural Overview

The QR Attendance System follows a Client-Server Architecture,

consisting of three main layers:
 Presentation Layer (Client-side): This layer includes the user interface, where
users interact with the system through web browsers or mobile applications.
 Application Layer (Server-side): This layer contains the business logic and
handles the requests from the client. It processes user input and
communicates with the database.
 Data Layer (Database): This layer is responsible for data storage and
management. It holds attendance records, user data, and session information.

2. System Components

 Frontend:
o Developed using HTML, CSS, and JavaScript for a responsive design.
o Utilizes frameworks such as Bootstrap for UI components and Font
Awesome for icons.
o Contains pages for attendance marking, viewing attendance reports, and
manual entry.
 Backend:
o Built using Flask, a Python-based micro-framework.
o Handles HTTP requests, processes data, and returns responses to the
client.
o Implements RESTful APIs to facilitate communication between the client
and server.
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  Database:
o SQLite is used as the database management system for simplicity and
ease of use.
o Tables include students, attendance_records, and sessions, which
store all relevant data.

3. Data Flow Diagram (DFD)

The DFD illustrates how data flows within the system:

1. User Interaction: Users (students and instructors) interact with the frontend
through their web browsers.
2. QR Code Scanning: Students scan the QR code displayed by the instructor,
which sends a request to the server.
3. Attendance Marking: The server processes the request, updates the database
with attendance records, and sends a confirmation response to the student.
4. Reporting: Instructors can request attendance reports, which are generated by
querying the database and sent back to the frontend for display.

4. User Interface Design

The user interface is designed to be intuitive and user-friendly,

incorporating:
 Dashboard: Displays attendance statistics and recent activity.
 Attendance Marking Page: Features a large, visible QR code for scanning.
 Manual Entry Form: Provides an easy way to add attendance for students who
cannot scan the QR code.

5. Security Measures

To ensure data integrity and security:

 Authentication: Implement user login with secure password handling.
 Authorization: Different access levels for students and instructors, ensuring
sensitive data is protected.
 Data Validation: Input validation on both the client and server sides to prevent
SQL injection and other attacks.
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6. Technologies Used

 Frontend: HTML, CSS

 Backend: Flask, Python
 Database: SQLite
 Version Control: Git for code management

7. System Scalability

The architecture allows for future enhancements, such as:

 Migrating to a more robust database system (e.g., PostgreSQL) for larger
institutions.
 Adding features like SMS notifications for attendance confirmation.
 Integrating with other educational tools and platforms.

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 CHAPTER – 6

Testing

Testing is a critical phase in the development of the QR Attendance System to ensure

that all components function correctly and that the system meets the specified
requirements. The testing process included various levels and types of testing to
validate the application.

1. Types of Testing
a. Unit Testing

 Purpose: To test individual components or functions for correctness.

 Tools Used: Python's built-in unittest framework.
 Key Focus Areas:
o Testing the functions responsible for generating QR codes.
o Validating database operations, such as adding and retrieving student
records.

b. Integration Testing

 Purpose: To test the interaction between different modules.

 Key Focus Areas:
o Ensuring that the attendance marking process correctly updates the
database when students scan the QR code.
o Validating the data flow from the frontend to the backend and vice
versa.

c. Functional Testing

 Purpose: To verify that the system meets the functional requirements.

 Key Focus Areas:
o Testing user registration and login functionalities.
o Ensuring that the attendance marking works correctly when students
scan the QR code.

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d. User Acceptance Testing (UAT)

 Purpose: To ensure that the system meets user needs and is ready for
deployment.
 Process:
o Conducted with a group of actual users (students and instructors).
o Feedback was collected to identify any issues or enhancements.

2. Testing Methodology
a. Test Cases

Each feature of the system was defined with specific test cases to validate
its functionality. Below are some examples:

 QR Code Generation:
o Test Case 1: Verify that the QR code is generated for a valid session.
o Test Case 2: Ensure that an error is thrown for invalid session data.
 Attendance Marking:
o Test Case 1: Confirm that scanning the QR code marks the student as
present in the database.
o Test Case 2: Check if multiple scans for the same student in one session
are handled correctly.
 User Login:
o Test Case 1: Validate successful login with correct credentials.
o Test Case 2: Ensure that login fails with incorrect credentials.

b. Testing Environment

 Setup: Local development environment with Flask and SQLite.

 Browser Testing: Cross-browser testing on Chrome, Firefox, and Safari to
ensure compatibility.

3. Results

 Unit Testing: All unit tests passed successfully with no errors.

 Integration Testing: Integration tests confirmed that modules interact as
expected without issues.

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  Functional Testing: Functional tests indicated that all major functionalities
worked correctly, but minor UI bugs were identified and fixed.
 User Acceptance Testing: Users provided positive feedback, noting that the
system was intuitive and easy to use.

4. Bug Tracking and Resolution

 A bug tracking tool was used to log issues identified during testing.
 Each bug was categorized by severity and assigned a priority for resolution.
 Regular updates were made to the codebase to fix identified issues, with
subsequent rounds of testing to verify fixes.

5. Performance Testing

 Load Testing: Simulated multiple users accessing the system simultaneously to

evaluate performance.
 Response Time: Measured the time taken for the system to respond to various
requests (e.g., marking attendance, generating reports).

6. Security Testing

 Conducted vulnerability assessments to identify potential security flaws.

 Tested for SQL injection and XSS (Cross-Site Scripting) vulnerabilities to ensure
data integrity and security.

7. Conclusion of Testing Phase

The testing phase confirmed that the QR Attendance System functions as intended,
meeting all specified requirements. The feedback from user acceptance testing helped
refine the user interface and overall experience, ensuring that the system is both
reliable and user-friendly. Continuous testing and monitoring will be part of the
maintenance plan post-deployment to ensure ongoing performance and security.

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 CHAPTER – 7

Conclusion
The QR Attendance System project successfully addresses the challenges of
traditional attendance marking methods by leveraging modern technology to
streamline the process. The system has been designed and implemented with a focus
on efficiency, user experience, and reliability.

Key Achievements

1. Automation of Attendance Tracking: By utilizing QR codes, the system

enables quick and accurate attendance marking, significantly reducing the time
and effort required compared to manual methods.
2. User-Friendly Interface: The frontend design emphasizes simplicity and ease
of navigation, allowing users—both students and instructors—to interact with
the system effortlessly. The responsive design ensures accessibility across
various devices.
3. Robust Backend Functionality: The backend, powered by Flask and SQLite,
effectively manages user data and attendance records. The integration of
security measures helps protect sensitive information, ensuring data integrity.
4. Testing and Validation: Comprehensive testing, including unit, integration,
and user acceptance testing, confirms that the system meets all functional
requirements and performs reliably under various conditions.
5. Feedback Incorporation: User feedback during testing has been instrumental
in refining the system. Adjustments made in response to this feedback have
improved usability and overall satisfaction.

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