Political Science Project
By~ Saakshi Kulkarni
“XI H”
Introduction
These fundamental rights were given to us by The
11-member committee, led by Motilal Nehru, which was
constituted in 1928.
● Right to equality (Articles 14–18).
● Right to freedom (Articles 19–22).
● Right against exploitation (Articles 23–24).
● Right to freedom of religion (Articles 25–28).
● Cultural and educational rights (Articles 29–30).
● Right to constitutional remedies (Article 32).
Right to equality -It is guaranteed Equality before Law and
Equal Protection Laws, also the prohibition of
discrimination on certain grounds such as religion, race,
caste etc.
Right to freedom-Protection of six rights regarding
freedom of speech and expression, assembly, association,
movement, residence, and profession. These six rights are
protected against only state action and not private
individuals. These rights are not available to foreigners
but available only to the citizens.
Right against exploitation-It prohibits human trafficking,
forced labour and other similar forms of forced labour. It
also prohibits the employment of minor children below the
age of 14 years in any mine, factory or other hazardous
activities like construction work or railway.
Right to freedom of religion-All persons are equally
allowed freedom of conscience and the right to freely
practise, propagate and profess religion.Gives Freedom
from Taxation for Promotion of a Religion it means no
person shall be compelled to pay any taxes for the
maintenance or promotion of any particular religious
denomination or section.
Cultural and educational rights-Any section of the citizens
in any part of India having a definite script, culture or
language of its own, shall have the right to conserve the
same.All minorities shall have the right to administer and
establish educational institutions of their choice.
Right to constitutional remedies- allows the citizens to
restore their fundamental rights if they are violated. the
High Court or Supreme Court will issue the directives or
orders to the government for the right enforcement.
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Statement Of Purpose
I am writing this statement of purpose to express my deep
interest in exploring the fundamental rights enshrined in
the Constitution of India. India's Constitution, one of the
world's longest and most comprehensive, guarantees
certain fundamental rights to its citizens, ensuring their
protection, dignity, and freedom.
By studying the fundamental rights of India, I aim to gain a
comprehensive understanding of the legal framework that
safeguards the rights and freedoms of Indian citizens.
These rights encompass a wide range of aspects, including
the right to equality, the right to freedom of speech and
expression, the right to protection from discrimination, the
right to life and personal liberty, and many more.
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Advantages of Fundamental Rights of India
ISSUE 1- Balancing Individual Rights and Social Welfare
Advantages - Protection of Individual Liberties
Promotion of Social Justice.
ISSUE 2-Reasonable Restrictions on Fundamental Rights
Advantages - Maintenance of Public Order and Security
Harmonizing Rights and Societal Needs.
ISSUE 3-Socio-economic Rights
Advantages - Addressing Socio-economic Inequalities
Ensuring Dignity and Well-being.
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Disadvantages of Fundamental Rights of India
ISSUE1- Balancing Individual Rights and Social Welfare
Disadvantage - Potential Conflict with Social Practices
The recognition of certain individual rights, such as
freedom of religion, may sometimes conflict with deeply
rooted social practices or beliefs, leading to tensions and
challenges in implementation.
ISSUE2- Reasonable Restrictions on Fundamental Rights
Disadvantage-Subjectivity in Determining Reasonableness
The determination of what constitutes a "reasonable"
restriction can be subjective and prone to differing
interpretations, which may lead to controversies and legal
challenges.
ISSUE3-Socio-economic Rights
Disadvantage-Resource ConstraintsImplementation of
socio-economic rights may pose challenges due to limited
resources and conflicting priorities, leading to difficulties in
fulfilling these rights effectively.
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Hypothesis
Hypothesis 1- Increased protection of privacy rights in
India will lead to greater individual freedom and societal
trust.
Explanation-If India were to enhance the protection of
privacy rights for its citizens by implementing robust
legislation and ensuring its enforcement, it is hypothesised
that this would result in several positive outcomes
Hypothesis 2: Ensuring gender equality in India's
fundamental rights framework will promote social
harmony and economic development.
Explanation-If India were to prioritise and actively promote
gender equality within its fundamental rights framework,
it is hypothesised that this would have significant societal
and economic benefits.
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Questionnaire
Q1)Can the right to freedom of speech and expression be restricted
in certain circumstances?
a)yes b)no c)can’t say
Q2)Is the right to freedom of religion applicable only to citizens
and not to foreigners in India?
a)yes b)no c)can’t say
Q3)Does the right against exploitation protect individuals from
forced labour and trafficking?
a)yes b)no c)can’t say
Q4)Can fundamental rights be suspended during a state of
emergency in India?
a)yes b)no c)can’t say
Q5)Does the right to life and personal liberty protect individuals
from arbitrary arrests and detention?
a)yes b)no c)can’t say
Q6)Is the right to property a fundamental right in the Indian
Constitution?
a)yes b)no c)can’t say
Q7)Can fundamental rights be waived voluntarily by individuals in
India?
a)yes b)no c)can’t say
Q8)Is the right to education explicitly mentioned as a fundamental
right in India?
a)yes b)no c)can’t say
Q9)Can fundamental rights be violated by private individuals and
organisations, or only by the government?
a)yes b)no c)can’t say
Q10)Does the right to freedom of assembly include the right to
protest in India?
a)yes b)no c)can’t say
Q11)Can the government impose reasonable restrictions on the
right to freedom of movement?
a)yes b)no c)can’t say
Q12)Is the right to privacy explicitly mentioned as a fundamental
right in India?
a)yes b)no c)can’t say
Q13)Can the right to equality be restricted to promote affirmative
action or reservations?
a)yes b)no c)can’t say
Q14)Does the right to constitutional remedies allow individuals to
seek legal remedies in case of fundamental rights violations?
a)yes b)no c)can’t say
Q15)Can fundamental rights be amended or modified by the
Parliament in India?
a)yes b)no c)can’t say
Q16)Is the right to work and employment a fundamental right in
the Indian Constitution?
a)yes b)no c)can’t say
Q17)Can the government place reasonable restrictions on the right
to freedom of religion for public order and morality?
a)yes b)no c)can’t say
Q18)Does the right to freedom of speech and expression include
the freedom to criticise the government?
a)yes b)no c)can’t say
Q19)Can fundamental rights be suspended selectively for specific
groups or individuals during emergencies?
a)yes b)no c)can’t say
Q20)Does the right to equality guarantee equal treatment to all
citizens in India?
a)yes b)no c)can’t say
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