The Jan Vishwas (Amendment of Provisions) Act, 2023 is a significant

legal reform introduced by the Government of India to decriminalize and

rationalize minor offences across various legislations. Here's
a summary of the key features and objectives of the Act:

Objective:

To promote trust-based governance and ease of doing business and

living by reducing the burden of criminal liabilities for minor offences in
several Central Acts.

Key Highlights:
1. Scope:
 Amends 183 provisions across 42 Central Acts.
 Applies to sectors including environment, agriculture, media,
industry, and pharmaceuticals, among others.
2. Decriminalization:
 Converts certain criminal offences into civil penalties.
 Replaces phrases like "punishable with imprisonment/fine" with
"liable to penalty".
3. Standardization of Penalties:
 Establishes monetary penalties instead of imprisonment.
 Introduces adjudicating officers (appointed by the Central or
State Government) to handle inquiries and impose penalties.
 Provides for appeal mechanisms to higher authorities.
4. Penalty Escalation:
 A 10% increase in minimum fines/penalties every 3 years from
the date of commencement.
5. Key Acts Amended (examples):
 Press and Registration of Books Act, 1867
 Boilers Act, 1923
 Indian Forest Act, 1927
 Drugs and Cosmetics Act, 1940
 Cinematograph Act, 1952
 Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1981
 Marine Products Export Development Authority Act, 1972
 Industries (Development and Regulation) Act, 1951
6. Safeguards:
 Maintains due process such as giving a "reasonable opportunity
of being heard" before penalties are imposed.
 No impact on existing liabilities or ongoing
proceedings prior to the amendments.
7. Administrative Reforms:
 Streamlines compliance processes.
 Reduces litigation and administrative burden.

Conclusion:

The Jan Vishwas Act represents a progressive shift in regulatory

enforcement by moving from criminal to civil liability for non-serious
violations, thereby reducing fear of prosecution for entrepreneurs and
citizens, while ensuring accountability through penalties and procedural
fairness.

Let me know if you want a list of all 42 Acts amended or a breakdown by

sector.

Here’s a concise summary covering all important points from The

Environment (Protection) Rules, 1986:

Purpose:

To implement the provisions of the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986,

focusing on controlling, reducing, and preventing pollution in air,
water, and soil through regulations and standards.

Key Definitions:
 Standards: Limits for emissions and pollutants.
 Person: Includes occupier or agent in control of operations.
  Hazardous substances: Defined by their environmental and health
impact.

Important Rules and Provisions:

1. Standards for Emission/Discharge (Rule 3):
 Schedules I to IV specify limits for pollutants.
 Schedule VI applies from Jan 1, 1994, for unspecified industries.
 Central/State Pollution Control Boards can enforce more stringent
standards.
 Ambient air quality must also meet norms under Schedule VII.
2. Directions (Rule 4):
 Central Government can issue directions under Section 5 of the Act.
 Parties must usually be given 15 days to object, except in
emergencies.
 Decisions must be made within 45 days of receiving objections.
3. Prohibition/Restriction on Location of Industries (Rule 5):
 Based on environmental sensitivity (e.g., biodiversity, proximity to
parks, human settlements).
 Follows a notification-objection-decision process within 180 days.
4. Sampling and Analysis (Rules 6–9):
 Sampling rules ensure sealing, marking, and recordkeeping.
 Labs must be qualified and follow standardized procedures.
 Analysis results are shared in Forms I to III.
5. Qualification of Government Analyst (Rule 10):
 Requires science/engineering/medicine/environmental science degree
and relevant lab experience.
6. Notice for Legal Action (Rule 11):
 Citizens can file complaints after giving 60-day notice using Form IV.
7. Emergency Notification of Pollutant Release (Rule 12):
 In case of accidental pollution, immediate intimation to:
 Emergency authorities
 Central/State Pollution Boards
 Other designated statutory agencies
8. Handling of Hazardous Substances (Rule 13):
 Restrictions based on:
 Hazardous nature
 Availability of safer substitutes
 Indigenous alternatives
 Notification + objection process applies.
9. Environmental Statement Submission (Rule 14):
 Mandatory annual submission of Environmental Audit
Reports in Form V by September 30.

Here’s a summary of the 7th Edition of the Pollution Control Law

Series (2021) published by the Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB):

Overview:

This comprehensive volume compiles key Acts, Rules, and

Notifications related to pollution control and environmental protection in
India, as amended up to March 31, 2021. It is meant to serve as a
reference for pollution control boards and environmental agencies.

Key Features & Contents:

1. Major Legislations Included:
 The Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1974
 The Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1981
 The Environment (Protection) Act, 1986
 The Public Liability Insurance Act, 1991
 The National Green Tribunal Act, 2010
 The Biological Diversity Act, 2002
2. Important Rules Incorporated:
 Environment (Protection) Rules, 1986
 Bio-Medical Waste Management Rules, 2016
 Hazardous and Other Wastes Rules, 2016
 Solid Waste Management Rules, 2016
 Plastic Waste Management Rules, 2016
 E-Waste (Management) Rules, 2016
 Construction and Demolition Waste Rules, 2016
 Noise Pollution (Regulation and Control) Rules, 2000
 Chemical Accidents Rules, 1996
 Ozone Depleting Substances Rules, 2000

3. Sector-Specific Environmental Standards:

Contained in Schedule I of the Environment (Protection) Rules, 1986:

 Power Plants
 Sugar Industry
 Cement Plants
 Dye & Dye Intermediate Industry
 Fertilizers
 Pesticides
 Pharmaceuticals
 Food & Fruit Processing
 Leather Tanneries, etc.

Also includes:

 Noise Limits (automobiles, appliances)

 Air and Water Quality Standards
 Discharge Norms for Pollutants

4. Key Notifications:
 EIA Notification, 2006
  CRZ Notification
 Eco-sensitive Zone notifications
 Fly Ash Utilization
 Ban on open burning of waste oil
 Prohibition of hazardous substances in specified regions

5. Institutional Frameworks:
 Powers and functions of CPCB and SPCBs
 Procedures for:
 Sampling and analysis
 Public hearings
 Grant of consent
 Emergency measures
 Role of Environmental Laboratories & Analysts

6. Recent Additions:
 Regulation of Lead in Paints (2016)
 Polychlorinated Biphenyls Order (2016)
 Persistent Organic Pollutants Rules (2018)
 Wetlands Conservation Rules (2017)

Purpose and Use:

This law book acts as a legal and procedural guide for:

 Regulatory authorities (CPCB, SPCBs)

 Environmental professionals
 Industries and consultants
 Legal experts dealing with environmental law
Here's a detailed summary of the Construction and Demolition (C&D)
Waste Management Rules, 2016:

Objective:

To regulate the disposal, processing, recycling, and reuse of waste generated

from construction, demolition, remodeling, and repair of civil structures in an
environmentally sound manner.

Key Provisions:
1. Applicability:

Applies to all waste generated from construction, remodeling, repair, and

demolition by individuals, organizations, and authorities.

Duties and Responsibilities:

Waste Generators:
 Must segregate waste (concrete, soil, steel, wood/plastics, bricks).
 Ensure no mixing with municipal solid waste.
 Must submit a waste management plan if generating:
 20 tons/day, or
 300 tons/project/month.
 Store waste properly or deposit it at designated centers.
  Pay charges for waste collection, transport, and processing.

Service Providers/Contractors:
 Prepare a comprehensive waste management plan.
 Ensure daily removal and cleaning of construction sites.
 If lacking logistics, tie up with authorized agencies.

Local Authorities:
 Issue directions for proper C&D waste management.
 Identify sites for collection, processing, and recycling.
 Establish a database and provide annual updates.
 Incentivize reuse and recycling (e.g., in non-structural concrete).
 Approve waste management plans within 30 days of submission.

State Pollution Control Boards (SPCBs):

 Monitor implementation and grant authorizations to facilities.
 Prepare and submit annual reports to CPCB.
 Ensure environmental standards are met.

State Governments / UT Administrations:

 Formulate state-level policies within 12 months.
 Provide land for C&D waste processing.
 Mandate recycled material usage (10–20%) in government projects.
Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB):
 Develop operational guidelines.
 Coordinate with SPCBs and assess nationwide implementation.

Processing/Recycling Sites – Criteria (Schedule I):

 Must be away from residential, ecological, and sensitive areas.
 Facilities must have:
 Buffer zones
 Paved roads
 Fire safety, sanitation, and stormwater drainage
 Dust and effluent control systems

Applications of Recycled C&D Waste (Schedule II):

 Use in:
 Drainage layers
 Daily landfill cover
 Paving blocks
 Non-structural construction components

Implementation Timeline (Schedule III):

Cities ≥1 0.5–1 <0.5
Activity million million million

Policy 12 12 12
 Cities ≥1 0.5–1 <0.5
Activity million million million

Formulation months months months

Site 18 18 18
Identification months months months

Facility 18 24 36
Commissioning months months months

Accident Reporting:
 Any accident during handling must be reported using Form V.
 Health checks for workers must be regularly conducted.

Here is a comprehensive summary of the Plastic Waste Management

Rules, 2016 (as amended in 2018):

Objective:

To ensure environmentally sound management of plastic waste through the

principles of segregation, collection, recycling, reuse, and extended producer
responsibility (EPR), involving all stakeholders from manufacturers to waste
generators.
Applicability:

Applies to:

 Waste generators
 Manufacturers
 Producers
 Brand owners
 Importers
 Local bodies
 Gram Panchayats

Key Definitions:
 Plastic Waste: Any plastic discarded after use.
 Extended Producer Responsibility (EPR): Responsibility of
producers to manage plastic waste till end-of-life.
 Multi-layered Packaging: Any material with plastic layers in
combination with other materials.

Major Provisions:
1. Conditions on Manufacture and Use:
 Minimum thickness of plastic carry bags: 50 microns.
 No plastic packaging for gutkha, tobacco, pan masala.
 Compostable plastic must meet IS/ISO 17088:2008 standards and
be certified by CPCB.
 Recycled plastic must not be used for packaging food items.
2. Responsibility of Stakeholders:
Waste Generators:
 Segregate and store plastic waste at source.
 Hand over waste to ULBs or registered recyclers.
  Event organizers must manage plastic waste generated.
Urban Local Bodies (ULBs):
 Set up plastic waste management systems within 1 year.
 Ensure processing and disposal as per CPCB norms.
 Promote awareness and prohibit open burning of plastic.
Gram Panchayats:
 Implement and coordinate plastic waste collection and recycling in
rural areas.
Producers, Importers, Brand Owners:
 Must submit an EPR-based collection and processing plan.
 Non-recyclable multi-layered plastic to be phased out in 2 years.
 Must be registered with SPCBs/CPCB.
 Maintain supplier and waste management records.
Retailers and Vendors:
 Sell only properly labeled plastic bags.
 Penalized under ULB by-laws for non-compliance.

Marking and Labeling:

 Carry bags must indicate thickness, manufacturer’s name,
and registration number.
 Compostable bags must be labeled “compostable”.
 Recycled bags must have a “recycled” mark.

Monitoring and Reporting:

 State-level advisory bodies monitor implementation.
 Annual reports must be filed by:
 Recyclers to ULBs (Form IV)
 ULBs to State Urban Departments (Form V)
 SPCBs to CPCB (Form VI)
 CPCB to MoEFCC by 31st August
Registration Requirements:
 Manufacturers, recyclers, producers, brand owners must register
with respective pollution control boards.
 Registration is initially valid for 1 year, then extended for 3 years.
 Applications must be made 120 days before expiration.

Standards and Protocols:

Schedule-I includes standards for:

 Biodegradability
 Composting performance
 Disintegration in various environments

Let me know if you'd like this summary in PDF format or customized for a
specific use like training, awareness poster, or policy brief.

You said:
SWM_2016.pdf

PDF

Give me summary of this pdf

ChatGPT said:

Here is a comprehensive summary of the Solid Waste Management

Rules, 2016:
Purpose:

To provide a legal framework for the scientific collection, segregation,

transportation, processing, and disposal of solid waste in India, replacing the
earlier 2000 rules.

Applicability:

Applies to:

 All households, offices, institutions, markets, hotels, etc.

 Urban and rural local bodies
 Railways, defense establishments, airports, SEZs, and pilgrim centers
 Excludes industrial, hazardous, biomedical, and e-waste (covered
under other rules)

Key Stakeholders & Responsibilities:

1. Waste Generators (Citizens, Institutions, Markets):
 Segregate waste into:
 Biodegradable
 Non-biodegradable
 Domestic hazardous waste
 No littering, burning, or dumping in public spaces
 Large waste generators (>100 kg/day) must process waste on-site or
tie up with agencies
2. Local Authorities:
 Ensure door-to-door collection and transportation
 Facilitate segregation, recycling, composting
 Identify land for processing and disposal
 Frame bye-laws and levy user charges and spot fines
3. State Governments / Union Territories:
 Prepare state-level policy within 1 year
 Allocate land for processing facilities
  Monitor ULBs’ performance and provide technical support
4. CPCB and SPCBs:
 Develop monitoring formats
 Ensure environmental standards for waste processing and landfills
 Submit annual compliance reports
5. Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change (MoEFCC):
 Responsible for overall implementation and review
 Constitute a Central Monitoring Committee with stakeholders

Technical Requirements:
Segregation and Storage:
 Mandatory segregation at source
 Storage in color-coded bins
Processing:
 Composting, biomethanation, RDF (Refuse Derived Fuel), and recycling
encouraged
 Minimum 5% use of compost in public parks and horticulture
 Ban on burning of waste
Disposal:
 Non-recyclable and non-biodegradable waste to be scientifically
landfilled
 Landfills should be engineered with liners, leachate collection, and gas
vents

Provisions for Bulk Waste Generators:

 Housing societies, commercial establishments, and institutions
generating >100 kg/day must:
 Segregate waste
 Process biodegradable waste in-house
 Hand over other waste to authorized agencies
Key Timelines (Schedule I):
 1 year for framing state-level policies
 2 years for setting up infrastructure
 Annual review and reporting deadlines for all stakeholders

Innovative Additions:
 Promotion of decentralized waste management
 Integration of informal sector (ragpickers and kabadiwalas)
 Mandate to include sanitation workers in planning

Here’s a concise summary of the Ash Notification dated

31.12.2021 issued by the Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate
Change, Government of India:

Objective:

To ensure 100% utilization of fly ash generated from coal/lignite-based

thermal power plants (TPPs), promote sustainable fly ash management, and
prevent environmental damage by enforcing the Polluter Pays Principle (PPP).

Key Provisions:
1. Mandatory Utilization:
  All TPPs must utilize 100% of the fly ash generated in an
environmentally sound manner.
 Minimum utilization targets:
 >80% usage: 3-year compliance cycle
 60–80% usage: 4 years
 <60% usage: 5 years
2. Permitted Uses of Fly Ash:
 Production of fly ash bricks, blocks, tiles, cement
 Road construction, embankments, mine filling
 Agriculture based on soil tests
 Export or other eco-friendly applications
3. Legacy Ash (pre-existing ash):
 Must be utilized within 10 years.
 Minimum usage in first 3 years: 20%, 35%, 50% respectively
4. Compensation for Non-Compliance:
 ₹1,000 per ton of unutilized fly ash for TPPs
 ₹1,500 per ton for unauthorized transport or use
 Special rates for construction: ₹75/m² if fly ash products not used
5. Mandatory Usage for Construction Projects:
 All government and private projects within 300 km of a TPP must
use fly ash-based products, unless cost is significantly higher.
6. Responsibility of Stakeholders:
 TPPs must ensure storage, handling, and dispatch is
environmentally sound.
 Consumers must report usage and ensure compliance.
7. Monitoring and Reporting:
 Quarterly and annual reports to be submitted.
 CPCB to maintain a central portal and oversee audits.
8. Infrastructure & Logistics:
 TPPs must designate dedicated fly ash silos with 16-hour storage
capacity.
 Emergency ash ponds allowed with restrictions.
9. Fly Ash in Mines:
 Use in abandoned or operational mines is compulsory with
minimum 25% blending in some cases.
10. Grievance Redressal:
 Committees to be formed for dispute resolution between TPPs
and consumers.

me
Let know if you want this in a presentation slide format or translated into
Hindi.

You said:
Give some what more explanation in which question can be asked

ChatGPT said:

Here’s an expanded summary of the Ash Notification dated

31.12.2021 with explanations structured to help you prepare for questions
that might be asked in interviews, exams, or audits:

1. Why was the Ash Notification issued?

To:

 Prevent environmental degradation from unutilized fly ash.

 Enforce Polluter Pays Principle (PPP).
 Ensure 100% utilization of fly ash from coal/lignite-based thermal
power plants.
 Promote sustainable development by using fly ash in construction and
other sectors.

Possible Questions:

 What is the Polluter Pays Principle?

 Why is fly ash utilization important for the environment?

2. What are the key utilization targets for fly ash?

 100% fly ash utilization is mandatory.
 TPPs are given 3–5 years to reach this based on their current usage:
 >80% utilization: 3 years
 60–80% utilization: 4 years
  <60% utilization: 5 years
 Average utilization over 3 years must be 100%.

Possible Questions:

 What is the compliance cycle based on fly ash usage percentage?

 What is the consequence of not meeting utilization targets?

3. What are the approved uses of fly ash?

Fly ash can be used in:

 Construction: bricks, blocks, cement, road sub-base, embankments,

flyovers.
 Landfilling: mine filling, low-lying area filling.
 Agriculture: only after soil testing.
 Other eco-friendly uses: including exports.

Possible Questions:

 Name 5 environmentally friendly applications of fly ash.

 Can fly ash be used in agriculture? Under what conditions?

4. What is Legacy Ash and how should it be handled?

Legacy ash = stored fly ash before this notification.

 Must be utilized within 10 years.

 Yearly minimum usage:
 Year 1: ≥ 20%
 Year 2: ≥ 35%
 Year 3–5: ≥ 50%

Possible Questions:
  What is Legacy Ash?
 What are the timelines for Legacy Ash disposal?

5. What happens if a TPP or user does not comply?

 Environmental Compensation (EC) imposed:
 ₹1,000/ton for unutilized ash by TPPs
 ₹1,500/ton for unauthorized disposal or usage
 ₹75/m² for building construction using non-fly ash materials (if
within 300 km)

Possible Questions:

 What is the penalty for non-utilization of fly ash?

 How is EC calculated for Legacy Ash?

6. What are the responsibilities of thermal power plants

(TPPs)?
 Ensure 100% fly ash utilization.
 Create infrastructure like dedicated silos (16-hour capacity).
 Maintain records and submit reports monthly, quarterly, and annually.
 Must register and update data on CPCB portal.

Possible Questions:

 What infrastructure must TPPs provide for fly ash?

 What are the reporting requirements?
7. What if fly ash is used in mining?
 Mandatory to use fly ash in backfilling or blending in abandoned or
operational mines.
 Must blend minimum 25% ash with overburden material in many
cases.

Possible Questions:

 How is fly ash used in mines?

 What is the minimum blending ratio of fly ash in mine dumps?

8. What are the obligations for construction agencies?

 All construction projects within 300 km of a TPP must use fly ash
products (if cost is comparable).
 Applies to government, private, and public sector projects.

Possible Questions:

 Are fly ash products mandatory in construction?

 What is the radius limit for mandatory fly ash use?

9. How is monitoring and enforcement done?

 CPCB, SPCBs, and District Authorities are responsible.
 A national committee is formed for review and updates.
 Audits are conducted annually.

Possible Questions:

 Who is responsible for monitoring compliance?

 What is the role of CPCB in fly ash regulation?
Let me know if you’d like MCQ-style questions, flashcards, or a one-page
revision sheet.

You said:
Regarding the committee also give it info

ChatGPT said:

Great! Here's a focused explanation of the committees mentioned in the

Ash Notification, along with likely questions that can be asked:

Committees under the Ash Notification (31.12.2021)

1. Central Monitoring Committee (CMC)

Headed by: Chairman of the Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB)

Members from:

 Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change (MoEFCC)

 Ministry of Power
 Ministry of Coal
 Ministry of Mines
 Ministry of Road Transport and Highways
 Indian Roads Congress (IRC)
 Indian Bureau of Mines (IBM)
 Central Building Research Institute (CBRI)
 Indian Concrete Institute (ICI)
 Agricultural Research & Education Department

Responsibilities:

 Review and recommend eco-friendly technologies for fly ash utilization.

 Approve new uses of fly ash or remove non-effective ones from the list.
 Advise the MoEFCC for updates or amendments.

Likely Questions:

 Who chairs the Central Monitoring Committee under the Ash

Notification?
  Name any 4 ministries or bodies represented in this committee.
 What is the main function of the Central Monitoring Committee?

2. State-Level Fly Ash Committees

Headed by: Chairman of the State Pollution Control Board

(SPCB) or Pollution Control Committee (PCC)
Members include:

 Representative from State Electricity Department

 Representative from the department/agency involved in the dispute or
issue

Responsibilities:

 Resolve disputes between TPPs and fly ash users within the state.
 Monitor fly ash usage in construction and mining projects.
 Ensure compliance at the ground level.

Likely Questions:

 Who leads the state-level fly ash committee?

 What is the main role of this committee?

3. Fly Ash Usage Identification Committee (Subgroup)

Also headed by: Chairman of CPCB

Formed for: Identifying suitable mines and abandoned sites for fly ash
disposal and blending.

Responsibilities:

 Assess technical feasibility of fly ash disposal in mines.

  Review quarterly reports submitted by stakeholders.
 Ensure environmental safety and effectiveness of fly ash use in mines.

Likely Questions:

 What is the role of the fly ash usage identification committee?

 How does this committee assist in mine reclamation?

4. Audit Committee (For Verification & Reporting)

Authorized by: CPCB

Responsibility:

 Appoint independent auditors.

 Conduct audits on fly ash generation, usage, and legacy ash.
 Submit audit reports by 30th November each year.

Likely Questions:

 Who appoints the auditors for fly ash audit?

 When is the fly ash audit report due?

Let me know if you'd like this as a printable chart or converted into

flashcards for quick review.

Here’s a complete prepared note on the Ash NotifiF or Word too.

Prepared Note: Ash Utilization
Notification (Dated 31.12.2021)
Issued by: Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change (MoEFCC)
Gazette Notification No.: S.O. 5481(E)

1. Objective
 Ensure 100% fly ash utilization from coal/lignite-based thermal
power plants (TPPs).
 Enforce the Polluter Pays Principle (PPP).
 Promote eco-friendly use of fly ash.
 Prevent environmental damage caused by fly ash dumping.

2. Compliance Targets
Utilization Level Time to Achieve 100%
(2021–22) Avg. Utilization

> 80% 3 years

60–80% 4 years

< 60% 5 years

 Minimum yearly utilization: Not below 80% from Year 2 onwards.

 Shortfalls to be compensated in future years.
3. Approved Uses of Fly Ash
 Fly ash bricks, blocks, tiles, cement
 Road construction, embankments, flyovers
 Mine filling and reclamation
 Agriculture (only after soil testing)
 Export
 Any other eco-friendly application

4. Legacy Ash (Pre-2022 Stored Ash)

 To be fully utilized in 10 years:
 Year 1: ≥ 20%
 Year 2: ≥ 35%
 Year 3–5: ≥ 50%

5. Penalties for Non-Compliance (Environmental

Compensation)
Violation Type Penalty

₹1,000/
Unused ash from TPPs ton

₹1,500/
Unauthorized use/transport ton

Construction without ash-based

product ₹75/m²
6. Mandatory Usage Zones
 All construction projects within 300 km of a TPP must use fly ash-
based materials (unless cost is significantly higher).
 Mines within 300 km of TPPs must use fly ash for:
 Filling voids
 Blending with overburden (≥25%)

7. TPP Obligations
 Ensure 100% ash utilization.
 Create silo/storage with 16 hours ash-holding capacity.
 Report usage data monthly, quarterly, and annually.
 Provide real-time availability on CPCB web portal/app.

8. Committees and Monitoring

A. Central Monitoring Committee (CMC)

Chair: Chairman, CPCB

Members from: MoEFCC, Power, Coal, Mines, Roads, CBRI, IRC, IBM, etc.
Role:

 Recommend/approve eco-friendly uses

 Update the usage list
 Publish updates
B. State Fly Ash Committee

Chair: Chairman, SPCB/PCC

Role:

 Resolve disputes
 Ensure compliance locally
C. Mines Utilization Committee

Chair: CPCB
Role:

 Identify abandoned or operational mines

 Recommend fly ash usage in mines
D. Audit Committee

Authorized by: CPCB

Role:

 Annual compliance audit by 30 November

 Action against violators post-audit

9. Reporting & Documentation

 Monthly Reports: Usage data by 5th of each month
 Annual Report: Submitted by 30th April
 Audit Report: Due by 30th November
 Online Portal: Developed by CPCB within 6 months of notification

10. Key Takeaways

 Fly ash is now legally mandated to be fully utilized.
 Failure to comply will result in financial penalties.
 Fly ash must be promoted in construction, mining, and
agriculture.
 A system of monitoring, audit, and enforcement is in place to track
compliance.
Let me know if you want this note customized for a specific use case like
PowerPoint, flashcards, or simplified Hindi.

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Here’s a concise and complete prepared note for the Coastal Regulation
Zone (CRZ) Notification dated 19th February 1991 (as amended up
to 2001), structured for clarity and easy revision:
Prepared Note: Coastal Regulation
Zone (CRZ) Notification – 1991
(Amended up to 2001)
Issued By: Ministry of Environment & Forests
Under Authority Of:

 Section 3(1) & 3(2)(v) of Environment (Protection) Act, 1986

 Rule 5(3)(d) of Environment (Protection) Rules, 1986
Gazette Number: S.O. 114(E) dated 19th Feb 1991

1. Scope of Notification
 Declares coastal stretches up to 500 meters from High Tide Line
(HTL) and area between Low Tide Line (LTL) and HTL as Coastal
Regulation Zone (CRZ).
 Applies to seas, bays, estuaries, creeks, rivers, and
backwaters influenced by tidal action.

2. Prohibited Activities in CRZ

1. New industries/expansion, except:
 Water-front dependent
 Dept. of Atomic Energy
2. Handling/storage of hazardous substances (with exceptions in
port areas)
3. Fish processing units (except modernization)
4. Waste/effluent disposal (except treated/stormwater with approval)
5. Discharge of untreated effluents
6. Dumping of waste, ash, or city refuse
 7. Land reclamation/disturbing natural seawater flow, except for
ports or erosion control
8. Mining of sand, rock (with exceptions in Andaman & Nicobar Islands)
9. Groundwater extraction within 200m of HTL (limited allowance
for manual use)
10. Construction between LTL and HTL, except for pipelines and
discharge systems
11. Modification of sand dunes and natural features

3. Regulated Activities
 Allowed only if they require waterfront/foreshore facilities
 Activities requiring MoEF clearance:
 Atomic Energy/Defence constructions
 Ports, harbours, pipelines
 Oil and gas extraction
 Foreshore facilities for thermal power plants
 Projects > Rs. 5 crore (unless state-regulated)

4. Coastal Zone Management Plans (CZMPs)

 States/UTs must prepare CZMPs within 1 year
 Classification of CRZ areas per guidelines in Annexures I & II
 Interim regulation to follow main notification

5. Monitoring and Enforcement

 Responsibility lies with:
 MoEF
 State/UT Governments
 Designated local authorities
6. Classification of CRZ Areas
CRZ-I (Ecologically sensitive areas):
 Mangroves, corals, sanctuaries, etc.
 No construction except for essential projects (e.g., pipelines, traditional
services)
CRZ-II (Developed areas close to shoreline):
 Construction allowed on landward side of existing roads/buildings
 Follows local FSI/FAR regulations
CRZ-III (Undisturbed/Rural areas):
 0–200 m from HTL = No Development Zone (NDZ)
 200–500 m: hotels/resorts allowed with MoEF approval
 Traditional fishing village dwellings allowed with conditions
CRZ-IV (Islands: Andaman, Nicobar, Lakshadweep):
 Strict norms on construction height, coral/sand use
 Island-specific guidelines

7. Guidelines for Beach Resorts/Hotels (Annexure II)

 FSI ≤ 0.33, height ≤ 9m, only 2 floors allowed
 No construction within 200 m of HTL
 Public beach access must be maintained (min. 20m between resorts)
 No objection certificate needed for basements
 Compliance with pollution, groundwater, and forest laws

8. Annexure III: Petroleum Products Permitted in CRZ

(excluding CRZ-I(i))
 Crude Oil, LPG, Aviation Fuel, HSD, LNG, etc. (14 listed products)
9. Amendments
Amended through several notifications up to 3rd October 2001, including:

 S.O. 595(E) (1994)

 S.O. 73(E) (1997)
 S.O. 494(E) (1997)
 Up to S.O. 988(E) (2001)