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DOUBLE ISSUE A PRIL 11 / A PRIL 18, 2022

100 Most Inluential Companies

APPLE, RIVIAN, PFIZER, DISNEY, TIKTOK, BALENCIAGA, OPENSEA, UNITED, SPOTIF Y & 91 MORE

AMAZON
LAUNCHES
INTO A
NEW ERA
CEO Andy Jassy
CONTENTS

2 Time April 11/April 18, 2022

 VOL. 199, NOS. 13–14 | 2022

9
The Brief
27
The View
36
Ukraine’s
Quartermasters
On the road with the largest ever
transfer of U.S. arms to another
country—and the foreign volunteers
showing up to ight
By Simon Shuster
Plus: Ukrainian women battle behind
the lines By Amie Ferris-Rotman

44
Capitol Hill Local 535
Congressional staffers trying to
unionize are also testing the sincerity
of Democratic lawmakers
By Abby Vesoulis

50
On the Trail
A retired insurance-claims
investigator is determined to igure
out who’s shooting wild horses in an
Arizona forest
By Marisa Agha

56
A Quest for Justice
Lawyer Karuna Nundy’s crusade to
outlaw marital rape in India
By Astha Rajvanshi

61
Most Inluential
Companies 2022
TIME’s annual list of 100 businesses
charting the future

91
Time Of
For customer service and our general terms and conditions, visit timeeurope.com/customerservice, or call +44
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and in the foreign countries where TIME magazine circulates. ISSN 0928-8430.

3
FROM THE EDITOR

Companies that
shape the world
ONE YEAR AGO, WE LAUNCHED TIME BUSINESS, A NEW FRAN-
chise devoted to exploring the growing inluence of business not
only on our economic lives but also as a force shaping society and
our collective future. Led by executive editor John Simons, we’ve
chronicled everything from the future of work to how American
shoppers broke the supply chain. We’ve brought you inside the
C-suites with interviews of major igures in the business world
through our weekly Leadership Brief, and inside the rise of crypto
and NFTs through staf writer Andrew R. Chow’s Into the Meta-
verse newsletter.
Along the way, business has grown from a very small portion of
Business our coverage to about one-ifth of all the content we publish. That’s
as it should be. From the vaccines that are pulling the world out of
is a force not the worst depths of the pandemic to the unprecedented withdrawal
only in our of Western companies from Russia as a tool of war, business has
never had a greater impact. And certainly not always for the good, as
economic relected in Billy Perrigo’s ongoing reporting on the all-too-frequent
lives, but prioritization of proits over people in the tech world.
also in our YOU CAN SEE all that on display in our second annual TIME100
collective Companies list, included in this issue and featuring the world’s
future most inluential businesses. Some, like pharmaceutical upstart
Moderna and space-junk removal irm Astroscale, are pushing the
boundaries of technology in new and potentially world-changing
ways. Moderna is developing new mRNA vaccines for a host of
pathogens, while Astroscale is developing technology to safely de-
orbit satellites after their useful lives are over.
Others, like United Airlines and Capital One, took bold steps
and dared their rivals to follow: United was the irst major U.S.
airline to issue an employee vaccine mandate, while Capital One
recently became the irst of its peers to eradicate overdraft and
insuicient-fund fees, which so often punish those with the least
ability to pay them. Disrupters like Engine No. 1 and AMC, mean-
while, are changing the rules. As Vivienne Walt reports in this
issue, Engine No. 1 is quickly becoming the premier activist irm of
the climate-capitalism movement, while AMC’s Adam Aron wrote
the book—in real time—on how to respond to becoming a “meme
stock,” by courting younger, digitally savvy investors to keep the
company aloat. Still others, like Alphabet and Ford, are titans
whose sheer size and scope make them inluential by nature.
“Taken together, these 100 companies—and the executives who
run them—represent the irms and leaders who are charting an
essential path forward,” says senior editor Alex Fitzpatrick, who
oversaw the list. As TIME’s business coverage continues through-
out the year, these are the companies we’ll be watching most
closely—and we suggest you do the same.

Edward Felsenthal,
EDITOR-IN-CHIEF & CEO
@EFELSENTHAL

4 TIME April 11/April 18, 2022

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 CONVERSATION

TIME in Dubai
At the irst ever TIME100
Impact Awards and Gala,
TIME honored individuals
who have done extraordinary
work to shape the future of
their industries and the
world at large. The awards
ceremony, attended by 200
guests, was held on March 28
at Dubai’s Museum of the
Future—the venue’s irst
marquee event. Read and
watch full coverage of the
event at time.com/impact

Right: Guests gather for

an evening of dinner,
speeches, and music

A L I N R A Z VA N — PA U S E F I L M S (2); I G O R M O S K A L E N K O — PA U S E F I L M S (2); C H A R I S M A A N D R E A D U L O C A S I N O — PA U S E F I L M S
TIME100 Impact Award recipients
include Bollywood star Deepika
Padukone, above left; singer Ellie
Goulding, left; philanthropist Tony
Elumelu, top right; and artist and
entrepreneur will.i.am, above, with
actor and advocate Kat Graham

TA L K T O U S
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send an email: follow us:
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and remove
Advertising For advertising rates and our editorial calendar, visit timemediakit.com. Syndication For inserts or samples
international licensing and syndication requests, contact syndication@time.com beforehand

6 Time April 11/April 18, 2022

 CONTENT FROM THE INTELLIGENT INVESTOR

UNIFIEDPOST –
Blue Sky Thinking
Small businesses are the lifeblood of the global economy. In fact,
small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) were responsible for
44% of economic activity in the United States in 2019, according
to the Small Business Administration, while the European Union
calculates that they are responsible for most of the new job creation
across its member states. SMEs operate in every single industrial
segment, but it is this very diversity that makes it almost impossible
for anyone to sell to them as a homogenous group. Hans Leybaert,
Founder and CEO of Unifedpost

IN THE TRUE SPIRIT OF THE

P
erhaps it takes one to know one, but that is paper-based to automated digital processes, with
exactly what the Belgium-based Unifiedpost a particular focus on documents, identity, and FINTECH AGE, LEYBAERT
has managed to do. Founded by CEO Hans payments. He was in the right place at the time, as HAS ALWAYS BEEN AWARE
Leybaert in 2001 to capitalize on advances in a combination of technological innovation, regulatory ENOUGH TO RECOGNIZE THAT
document-processing technology and originally change and an increasingly ferocious competitive OTHER DEVELOPERS AND
focused on the Benelux market, it has grown into environment forced companies to accelerate the ENTREPRENEURS WILL HAVE
a highly reputable pan-European digital services digitalization of their business processes. COMPLEMENTARY SKILLS TO
specialist with annual sales of over $160 million One of Unifiedpost’s biggest challenges has been BRING TO THE UNIFIEDPOST
mainly focused on the SME market. to stay ahead of the curve. Its ability to do so, most OFFERING, AND SINCE 2012
Unifiedpost’s 100% cloud-based communication notably through the launch of its consolidated HAS PURSUED A BUY AND
platform is populated with an ever-expanding payment service, has played a significant role in BUILD STRATEGY. THIS HAS
range of administrative and financial services that the company’s success. The platform has been BEEN SUCH A SUCCESS THAT
allow for real-time and seamless connections in operation since 2016 and is regulated and LAST YEAR HE FELT CONFIDENT
between users, their suppliers, their customers and supervised by the National Bank of Belgium. Now ENOUGH TO GO PUBLIC AND
other parties along the financial value chain. At branded as Banqup, the system is specifically PROCEEDED TO RAISE MORE
last count, it was being used by at least 980,000 designed to meet the challenges inherent in the THAN $200 MILLION.
SMEs and accessed by more than five million EU’s Payment Services Directive 2, the aim of
online users in 30 countries. which is to make payments more secure, to boost “An IPO is unique in the lifetime of a company,
innovation and to encourage the financial services and it should be a cause for celebration, but our
THE COMPANY WAS CREATED AT industry to more readily adopt new technology. listing took place just before the second wave
THE TAIL END OF THE DOT.COM “Banqup licences us to provide SMEs with just of COVID-19 hit, so the reaction was slightly
BOOM, AND LEYBAERT WAS about any payment service you can imagine,” muted,” says Leybaert. “The next day it was
ONE OF A WAVE OF TECH-SAVVY says Leybaert. “We can process card payments business as usual, and we then went on to
YOUNG ENTREPRENEURS WHO and bank transfers and give our customers access complete six acquistions in as many months.”
REALIZED THAT THE INTERNET’S to their existing bank accounts. It allows us to The acquisition spree strengthened and deepened
COMMERCIAL POTENTIAL provide them with the equivalent of a multi- Unifiedpost’s presence in its three core service
LAY AS MUCH IN ITS ABILITY bank environment. The implementation of the areas of documents, identity, and payments,
TO STREAMLINE MUNDANE regulations still varies from country to country, while extending its geographical footprint into the
BUSINESS PRACTICES AS TO so we’ve put a layer on top. If, say, a French Scandinavian countries, Italy, Spain, Poland and,
SELL ANYTHING FROM BBQS TO company wants to invoice a Polish company over very importantly, Germany.
AIRLINE TICKETS. our network, then the transaction is transparent to There are an estimated 400 million SMEs in the
both parties.” world today. Even if just 5% of these turn out to
“I come from what I call a hybrid generation,” Banqup is fully certified and compliant with be potential clients, the opportunities for further
he says. “Our parents worked in a fully paper all required privacy and security regulations. growth are vast.
environment and our children will be fully digital, Its proprietary Multi Identity Broker approach
but we are somewhere in between.” guarantees Banqup customers the delivery
For the past 20 years Leybaert has been on a of secure, easy to use online services to their
mission to help SMEs make the transition from customers.

time.com/specialsections
 FOR THE RECORD

‘PUT ‘I just no longer

SIMPLY, 47,000 felt comfortable
PEOPLE The number of grocery- with the
CANNOT store workers in
California who voted programming at Fox’
AFFORD from March 21 onward
to authorize their union CHRIS WALLACE, in an interview with the New
FOOD to call a strike York Times published March 27, on his decision
OF THE to leave the network

QUALITY OR
QUANTITY
THAT THEY
NEED ’
LAMA FAKIH, Middle
$850
East and North Africa
director at Human
MILLION
Rights Watch, on how The largest ever
trade disruptions taxpayer contribution
exacerbated by the for a pro football
war in Ukraine are facility, announced
affecting people in March 28 as part of
the region a deal to help the
Buffalo Bills build a
$1.4 billion stadium

460
The width, in sq.
mi., of a massive
ice shelf that
collapsed in East
Antarctica in an area
previously thought WILL SMITH,
to be stable in the
face of climate
change, scientists
said March 25

‘I can’t be
confident
‘There was no doubt to me it is
imminent ’
I L L U S T R AT I O N S B Y B R O W N B I R D D E S I G N F O R T I M E

that my dogs sitting ROBERT MALLEY,

unprotected in these conditions U.S. special envoy

for Iran, on the
prospect that world

could lead to death.’ powers would reach

a nuclear deal with
Iran, on March 27
MILLE PORSILD, one of three mushers demoted in the Iditarod Trail Sled Dog Race for having
sheltered their dogs during a windstorm, the AP reported on March 27

8 Time April 11/April 18, 2022 S O U R C E L I N E : A P, N E W YO R K T I M E S , R E U T E R S

 The Brief

COVID
BLAME
GAME
BY BRIAN BENNETT

Joe Biden’s White House

is pointing ingers at
Republicans in Congress
for holding up additional
COVID-19 aid

GROWING CALLS IN THE CARIBBEAN REMEMBERING SECRETARY OF FRENCH PRESIDENT EMMANUEL

TO CUT TIES WITH THE U.K. STATE MADELEINE ALBRIGHT MACRON FACES RE-ELECTION

PHOTOGR APH BY DOUG MILLS 9

THE BRIEF OPENER

T
he Biden AdministrAtion is prepAring to beat predictions and keep control of the House in
for a possible new surge in COVID-19 cases and November’s midterm races. Political operatives are
has already started the political blame game in watching closely to see where the country is on the
case the response falls short. pandemic when the next school year begins. “Where we
The White House has called out Republicans in are when kids go back to school is probably how things are
Congress for not authorizing new funds to make a fourth going to be judged politically,” says an adviser close to the
round of booster shots free and pay for therapeutics and Biden White House.
other ways to reduce the impact of another surge in cases. The White House published a document in early March
“Our primary concern right now is that we’re about to called the “National COVID-19 Preparedness Plan.” It in-
run out of funding,” White House press secretary Jen cludes eforts to boost U.S. vaccine production to 1 billion
Psaki said on March 21, warning Americans that they doses per year, fund the development of a single COVID-19
may have to pay for their next booster shots if more vaccine shot, distribute vaccines for children under 5 after
funding isn’t passed. Two days later, White House corona- the FDA approval, and increase U.S. production of test kits.
virus response coordinator Jef Zients echoed: “The “If we fail on this, we leave ourselves vulnerable if another
consequences of congressional inaction are severe, and wave of the virus hits,” Biden said on March 30. “Congress
they are immediate.” needs to act now, please.”
Republicans in Congress have Periods after cases have
refused President Joe Biden’s dropped are when health
request for $15.6 billion more oicials should be able to
funding to make additional increase vaccinations and buy
booster shots free and fund
treatments, saying Congress has
‘Our primary up therapeutics and masks for
the next surge. When Omicron
allocated enough to cover those
expenses, and it’s incumbent concern right cases led to record-setting deaths
and hospitalizations in January,
on states and agencies to spend
what’s already been passed.
Kristen Hawn, a Democratic
now is that the Biden Administration was
blamed for not doing enough
to prepare, and for being late in
strategist consulting in
competitive House races, says
we’re about to making a suicient quantity of
free tests and high-quality masks
that the politics around the
pandemic have put the Biden
White House in a tough spot.
run out of available. If there are similar
failures before a new surge, the
Administration is making a case
Polling shows that Americans
are tired of the pandemic,
funding.’ for the public to blame Congress.
There’s reason to believe
but it’s still up to the Biden —JEN PSAKI, WHITE HOUSE PRESS SECRETARY the U.S. could soon see another
Administration to be ready to spike. Coronavirus cases in
provide help if there’s another Britain, the Netherlands, and
spike in infections. “It’s a Germany are rising as a more
predicament,” Hawn says. To get funding from Congress, easily spread subvariant of Omicron, BA.2, takes hold.
White House oicials feel the need to build public Epidemiologists in the U.S. have seen signs of the new
pressure. “If another variant comes along, people are version of the virus in Northeastern states.
P R E V I O U S PA G E : T H E N E W YO R K T I M E S/ R E D U X ; T H E S E PA G E S : C H R I S S Z A G O L A — A P
going to expect shots in arms; they’re going to expect The number of new reported COVID-19 cases in
testing. Those things don’t just happen,” Hawn says. the U.S. has dropped by 97% from its daily average
peak of 800,000 in mid-January. Restaurants, oices,
The WhiTe house knoWs that Biden’s performance on and schools are open, and mask mandates have lifted
COVID-19 is one of the few bright spots in the public’s across the country. More than 800 Americans are
sagging perception of his presidency. And they want to still dying from coronavirus infections every day. But
keep it that way: 53% of Americans approve of Biden’s Democrats have politically moved away from lockdowns
handling of the pandemic, according to polling conducted and widespread mask mandates, and they likely aren’t
in mid-March by the Associated Press/NORC Center for going back. Last June, Michigan’s Gretchen Whitmer
Public Afairs Research—well above the 43% who approved was one of the irst Democratic governors to say that
of Biden’s job performance overall. “Biden’s job rating on her state wasn’t going back to lockdowns or sweeping
COVID is his strongest job rating,” says John Anzalone, a mask mandates. That posture has since been adopted by
Democratic pollster who has worked closely with Biden. many other Democratic leaders, including Biden, and is
“It’s well above his overall job rating, and it shows people unlikely to change. The adviser close to the Biden White
have a lot of conidence in him on that issue.” House says: “Democrats will be incredibly resistant to go
How voters see Biden’s handling of future case surges back to anything other than, ‘We have the tools to deal
could have an impact on whether Democrats are able with this.’” □
The Brief is reported by Eloise Barry, Madeleine Carlisle, Mariah Espada, Tara Law, Sanya Mansoor, Billy Perrigo, Nik Popli, Simmone Shah, and Olivia B. Waxman
 NEWS TICKER

suspended
operations on
March 28.

Courting victory
North Carolina’s Armando Bacot goes up for a dunk during the Elite Eight round of March
Madness in Philadelphia on March 27. UNC’s victory knocked fan-favorite underdog St. Peter’s
out of the NCAA tournament, but not before St. Peter’s made history by being the irst ever
No. 15 seed to advance that far. “I got a bunch of guys that just play basketball and have fun,”
St. Peter’s coach Shaheen Holloway said in an interview. “That’s all we do.”

issued 20 fines
to individuals for
THE BULLETIN breaking restrictions
Caribbean tour raises questions on monarchy’s role
Protests disruPted a tour of former TREND In November, Barbados became the
British colonies in the Caribbean by the irst country to remove the Queen as head
Duke and Duchess of Cambridge, Prince of state since Mauritius in 1992. Dame San-
William and Kate Middleton. The tour dra Mason, the island’s Governor- General
began March 19 amid growing calls to cut since 2018, was named as President-elect
formal ties with the Queen and a reckoning of the nation. “The time has come to fully
with the region’s colonial past that includes leave our colonial past behind,” she said.
calls for slavery reparations. Queen Eliza- Debates about abolishing the monarchy
beth II is the monarch of 14 countries out- have rumbled on for decades in other Com-
side the U.K., including Canada, Australia, monwealth realms.
and Papua New Guinea, that are known as
the Commonwealth realms. LEGACY Although the Queen’s role in Com-
monwealth realms is largely symbolic, at-
TIMING Oicially, the trip was meant titudes toward the royal family are varied
to commemorate Queen Elizabeth II’s and complex. Some believe that keeping
Platinum Jubilee, celebrating 70 years on the Queen as head of state undermines in- reportedly suffered
the throne. But many observers say the dependence, and only serves to perpetu- symptoms consistent
trip was to persuade Belize, Jamaica, and ate colonial subservience. “Imagine being with poisoning
the Bahamas to keep the Queen as head given independence, and then to be told as
of state. On the second stop of their trip, an adult nation that the Queen still had a
Jamaican Prime Minister Andrew Holness stake in Jamaica and that the island is not
told the royals, “We intend to attain in really free, it is still an infant colony,” ex-
short order . . . our true ambitions as an plains Jamaican-born British writer and
independent, developed, prosperous academic Velma McClymont.
country.” —eloise Barry
11
THE BRIEF NEWS

GOOD QUESTION
NEWS TICKER
How many planets have been found,
and how many more are out there?
Time was, There were only nine short time it’s been operating,
known planets in the entire universe—the it has confrmed the existence of 203
gaggle of worlds that orbit our sun. That more exoplanets and has spotted another
number was reduced to eight in 2006, possible 5,459 that astronomers are now
President Donald Trump when the International Astronomical investigating.
“more likely than not” Union busted Pluto down to a dwarf The transit method is not the only
committed felonies in
his efforts planet. But even before Pluto was way to go looking for exoplanets. Other
pink-slipped, the planetary census far telescopes—both space-based and
deeper in space began to grow, with the Earth-based—use what’s known as the
discovery, in 1992, of a planet orbiting radial-velocity method. They study a star
a rapidly spinning pulsar; and later, in looking for the slight wobble caused by the
1995, of a Jupiter-like planet orbiting a gravity of a planet—or multiple planets—
sunlike star. Since then tugging on it as they orbit.
the planetary population The most celebrated
has exploded, and, as multiplanet system to
NASA’s Jet Propulsion HOW EXOPLANETS date is located just 39
Laboratory recently ARE DETECTED light-years from Earth,
reported, the oicial total where seven planets orbit
of known worlds beyond the red dwarf known as
our own has now topped Trappist-1.
5,000. Star The planets that
Orbit
The majority of the have been discovered
banning
classroom instruction
discoveries were made so far range in size and
by the Kepler space Planet in composition. There are
about sexual front of star
orientation or gender telescope. Launched so-called hot Jupiters—
identity in 2009, it hunted for TRANSIT which, as their name
planets using the so- Stars are slightly dimmed suggests, are gaseous
called transit method— as orbiting planets block worlds that orbit close to
looking for the slight their light the fres of their parent
dimming in light that planet. Others are smaller
occurs when an orbiting gas worlds, similar in size
planet briely blocks the to Neptune. Still others—
light from the star. The Star the most promising ones—
dimming is fantastically are compact, rocky planets
subtle. Former Kepler Planet like Earth, some orbiting
mission director Natalie in the habitable zone of
WOBBLE
Batalha described it to their star, a place where
As a planet orbits,
TIME as the equivalent its gravity tugs its
temperatures are not too
of removing a single parent star slightly
hot and not too cold for
light bulb from a board water, the sine qua non of
of 10,000 of them. And life as we know it, to exist
Kepler studied only a in a liquid state.
authorized a fourth tiny portion of the sky, encompassing The mere fact that astronomers fnd
dose of Pfizer or just 150,000 stars. Still, in the 11 years planets pretty much everywhere they look
Moderna vaccine
it operated, it confrmed the existence has led them to conclude that virtually
of 2,709 exoplanets and has returned every star in the universe is orbited by
data still being studied about a possible at least one planet—making for trillions
2,057 more. upon trillions of potential worlds. “Each
STEPHEN VOSS — REDUX

The newer Transiting Exoplanet Survey one of them is a brand-new planet,” said
Satellite (TESS), launched in 2018, also NASA astronomer Jessie Christiansen in a
uses the transit method, but is equipped statement. “I get excited about every one
with multiple telescopic eyes, allowing it to because we don’t know anything about
scan the entire bowl of the sky. In just the them.” —Jeffrey Kluger
12 Time April 11/April 18, 2022
DIED

‘It had not -

occurred to
me, frankly,
that I would
ever be in
a position
to break
a glass
ceiling.’

DIED BROKEN STEPPING AWAY BARRED AWARDED WON

THE BRIEF NEWS

◁
A campaign poster
showing President
Macron, on March 22

has assailed Putin and used his fre-

quent talks with the Russian leader
to cement his stature as statesman.
That has also helped bolster his key
argument: that Europe needs to reduce
its dependence on Washington and cut
its own path to power.

But Macron’s wartiMe role

can take him only so far. Even as vot-
ers look set to give him another term,
many can barely conceal their distaste
for a man they see as a know-it-all dis-
connected from hardship. After he
raised fuel prices in 2018, hundreds
of thousands of “yellow vest” activ-
ists protested for months. Emmanuel
Rivière, head of international polling
for Kantar Public in Paris, believes the
WORLD
pandemic saved Macron: the French
leader committed billions of euros to
Macron positions himself supporting businesses, and rolled out
a mammoth vaccine program. France
as the statesman of Europe bounced back, and now has its lowest
BY VIVIENNE WALT/PARIS unemployment rate in years.
But tough times could be coming.
For a leader given To dramaTic Flourishes, “There is a high level of detestation of
French President Emmanuel Macron announced his run Macron, which is unprecedented in
for re-election with uncharacteristic humility. In a simple France,” says Marc Lazar, professor of
letter published in French newspapers in early March, he political history at Sciences Po Univer-
addressed his citizens: “I am seeking your trust again.” sity in Paris. Those feelings could boil
So began an odd campaign—if you can call it that. Ma- over as prices rise and a €171 billion
cron’s 11 rivals in the frst-round vote on April 10 spent defcit begins afecting daily lives. Ma-
months sniping while Macron glided above the fray. The cron quietly announced March 10 that
runof on April 24 looks likely to be a rematch of 2017, with he intended to raise the public-pension
Macron against the far-right Marine Le Pen, and he seems set age from 62 to 65. Voters say inlation
to hand her another defeat. “It seems over before it has even ‘It seems is their top concern, and many struggle
begun,” Le Monde declared of the “phantom campaign.” over before to make ends meet. About 30% of vot-
His rocket ride to power fve years ago stunned Europe ers intend to pick far-right names on
and crushed France’s mainstream Republican and Social-
it has even April 10, while the far-left Jean-Luc
ist parties. This time around, he’s playing the President, not begun.’ Mélenchon grabs 14% for an outside
the candidate. Macron, 44, has appeared to watch the elec- SOLENN DE ROYER, shot at the runof. All that portends
tion from afar, too busy with crises like the war in Ukraine JOURNALIST, IN trouble. “You have a big risk of a new
to focus on politics. He was even photographed unshaven LE MONDE ON MARCH 8 social revolt,” Lazar says.
in his ornate oice, in jeans and a hoodie—widely seen as a Observers warn that Macron’s
nod to Ukraine’s President Volodymyr Zelensky, whose viral phantom campaign could come back
appearances get plenty of French airtime. to haunt him. “The anger among the
While Macron’s popularity is up since Russia’s inva- French has not been expressed in this
J E R E M I A S G O N Z A L E Z— A P

sion began, his far-right rivals have scrambled to explain election,” says Antoine Bristielle, a
their long support for Russian President Vladimir Putin; public-opinion expert at the Fonda-
Le Pen, 53, pulped more than a million pamphlets showing tion Jean-Jaurès in Paris. Instead, he
her shaking Putin’s hand. By contrast, Macron—who has the says, “it will be expressed in the street
luck of France being the E.U.’s current rotating President— in his next fve years in oice.” 
14 Time April 11/April 18, 2022
 CONTENT FROM THE INTELLIGENT INVESTOR

Norway
LEADING LIGHTS

N
orway, situated on the northern flank of Europe and with a Norwegian petroleum sector. By the end of 2021, it had over $1.35 trillion
population of just 5.5 million, is one of the world’s wealthiest in assets and held investments in 1.4% of all the world’s listed companies.
nations. Two main contributors to its success are its vast Its total value was estimated to be worth about $250,000 per Norwegian
reserves of oil and timber and a seafaring tradition that has citizen.
given rise to a thriving shipping industry. But there is more to The government’s prudent stewardship of the country’s financial
the story than just that. Thanks to its skilled labor force and the Norwegian resources is reflected in its rigorous regulation of the banking sector, though
flair for innovation, the country is emerging as the market leader in several this has not discouraged Norway’s banks from adopting digital technology
new-generation sustainable, green, high-tech industries. or exploring the potential of fintech. On the contrary, banks are now
“As a people we have a lot of competences and depth of knowledge enthusiastically using technology to promote financial inclusion. “There
that can be utilized in many good ways,” says Karl Johan Lier, CEO and will always be a need for banks to lend to people who have a financial
president of cube storage pioneer AutoStore. “Our oil and gas companies need but not the collateral,” says Klara Lise-Aasen, who as CEO and CFO
have been developing fantastic technologies for years, and now you’re of Bank Norwegian heads up one of Europe’s most cutting-edge digital
seeing all these other companies popping up to address challenges in other banks. “I think it’s so important to lend to such people, provided they have
markets. These are very interesting times.” the means to pay the loan back at a sensible interest rate.”
Another key to Norway’s success has been its effective implementation This sense of social responsibility also underpins Norway’s determination
of the so-called Nordic model of governance, which relies on the public to combat climate change in any way possible. Apart from its current
provision of social services, education, childcare, and other services carbon-intensive oil and gas industries, the rest of Norwegian society is
associated with human capital. That environment has a huge bearing already running on clean hydro power. On top of which the country is a
on the Norwegian character, as noted by Sigmund Lunde, chairman of leader in pumped storage hydropower development, with ambitions to
management consultancy Omega 365. “Key for any business is creating become Europe’s “battery.”
a place where people want to be -- creating an environment where people At the same time, the government has singled out hydrogen as being
can contribute,” says Lunde. “This is the DNA of Nordic thinking.” key to its “green shift.” A growing number of companies have entered the
Oslo’s use of a social safety net to help workers and families adapt to hydrogen business, and ammonia hydrogen may soon become the fuel of
economic challenges from increased global competition for goods and choice among shipowners. And in an initiative supported by the Research
services has created a bond between Norwegians and their elected leaders Council of Norway and several Norwegian industry partners, three large-
that encourages a healthy level of risk-taking. scale so-called giga battery cell factories are in the pipeline, with the aim
“We enjoy a stable political environment, and we trust our government,” of producing batteries for export. New green and sustainable technologies
says Simen Lieungh, CEO of Odfjell Drilling, whose Mobile Offshore Wind for next-generation agriculture are also being developed, again with
Units promise to decarbonize offshore oil and gas drilling and production government support. Meanwhile, exploring the possibility of developing
within two years. “This paid dividends during the pandemic,” says gas-fired power stations using Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) has long
Lieungh. “To their great credit, our leaders listened to the professionals and been a centerpiece of Norway’s energy policy.
the health authorities.” Norway’s private sector is actively spurring its government on. One
Sverre Flatby, the founder and CEO of specialist e-health solutions of its most vocal advocates is TOMRA, a leading provider of optical
provider CSAM, agrees. “A large part of being a Norwegian is the loyalty sorting and processing technology for the fresh and processed food
that you have to the political system, the business culture and the way industry, as well as Norway’s most established aluminum, glass
they work together,” says Flatby. and overall waste management recycling business. “Adopting more
Norway’s business community also has the reassurance that the assertive standards will lead to the creation of more scalable climate
economy is underwritten by the world’s largest sovereign wealth fund. management solutions,” says Tove Andersen, its president and CEO.
Sometimes known as the Oil Fund, the Government Pension Fund “We need to adopt policies that address the responsible handling of
Global was established in 1990 to invest the surplus revenues of the resources on a worldwide basis.”

time.com/specialsections
 CONTENT FROM THE INTELLIGENT INVESTOR

ODFJELL DRILLING
At the Vanguard
of Change

L
ast June, in a move that promises to
revolutionize energy provision for the offshore
oil and gas industry, Odfjell Oceanwind
signed a memorandum of understanding with two
Si i th t h ld l i t i th

Simen Lieungh CEO of Odfjell Drilling

reported revenues of $860 million in 2021. competitors into bankruptcy. “It was a real shock Group’s ESG 100 report for 2021, which rates
Being a specialist in working in some of the to us all,” says Lieungh, “but we came through the sustainability reporting of the top 100
harshest environments on earth, its MODUs because we focused on contracts that were companies listed on the Oslo Stock Exchange.
(Mobile Offshore Drilling Units) have been not necessarily the most lucrative, but good for Plans for the next leg of Odfjell Drilling’s journey
deployed as far afield as South Africa, Vietnam, cashflow and helped to pay off our debts. It just are already well under way. This April the well
and Brazil, in addition to Norway and the UK. proved how important it is to keep your capital services and energy businesses are scheduled to
“We are used to working in some really hostile discipline.” be spun off to create a separate company. The new
environments,” says CEO Simen Lieungh, an Lieungh attributes the company’s longevity to the company will be listed as Odfjell Technology, and
industry veteran of more than 35 years and a stabilizing influence of the Odfjell family (who still will focus on innovation and development of new
passionate believer in the power of teamwork. holds a majority stake) and the solidity of Norway’s services, technologies and products required in the
“Our people must deal with up to 50-feet societal infrastructure and political system. This, energy transition.
waves, violently swirling currents and sub-zero along with that financial discipline, also helped “All our heavy assets such as our drilling rigs and
temperatures,” he says. “The only things they Lieungh steer the company through the pandemic. the people operating these will belong to Odfjell
don’t normally encounter are icebergs and sharks. As its MOWU initiative clearly demonstrates, Drilling. The technology and engineering function
Otherwise, it’s hell.” Odfjell Drilling is proving itself more than capable and the people operating client assets will move to
Over the years, Odfjell has also proved itself of adapting to the demands of the global push Odfjell Technology” says Lieungh, who will be chair
adept at weathering storms of an altogether to address the adverse effects of climate change. of Odfjell Drilling and Odfjell Oceanwind, while
different type. The most severe of these lasted “We are obviously part of the oil and gas industry, assuming the role of CEO of Odfjell Technology.
from 2014 to 2016 when the price of crude oil but Odfjell Oceanwind is our first move into “It’s a perfect arrangement.”

time.com/specialsections
 CONTENT FROM THE INTELLIGENT INVESTOR

BANK NORWEGIAN –
The Face of Digital Banking
In the space of only 15 years, Bank Norwegian has
transformed itself from an airline support platform to a

Photo by: CF-Wesenberg/Kolonihaven.no

cutting-edge digital bank with a customer base that stretches
throughout the Nordics and recently also as far south as Spain.

B
ank Norwegian’s growth has been so A similar progressive ethos underlines Bank
sustainable and successful that when Norwegian’s approach to both financial inclusion
it emerged last year that Nordax, the and its lending criteria. The bank has made a
responsible lending specialist bank, was set to name for itself with its ability to make a success Klara Lise-Aasen
acquire it, the new owners opted to give Bank of extending unsecured personal loans, along CEO and CFO of Bank Norwegian
Norwegian the necessary scale and resources to with offering credit cards. More than 70% of its
become a leading force in shaping the future of lending takes the form of unsecured instalment secure compliance with privacy rules and
consumer finance. loans. Nearly 40% of these are extended to its identify money laundering issues. Only recently
Norwegian customer base, meaning more than launched, the bank’s Security ID service is a
NORDAX BELIEVED THAT BANK half of the remainder of these popular loans go case in point. By enabling customers to visually
NORWEGIAN’S INNOVATIVE to consumers in neighboring Nordic countries. confirm their identity with their smartphones,
CULTURE AND COST-LEADING “We have become the digital bank of choice it gives the bank the ability to digitally confirm
EFFICIENT OPERATING MODEL for personal customers who need financing but or reject an application or a loan in a matter of
MADE IT THE PERFECT don’t have something like a house to use as seconds. “It’s all about improving the simplicity
CANDIDATE TO BECOME THE collateral,” says Aasen. “We offer unsecured of the digital customer journey,” Aasen explains.
LARGEST SPECIALIST BANK IN lending to people who need it for their financing Bank Norwegian’s digital roots give its
THE REGION. needs at the right price at the right risk. To do business model a scalability that frequently
this responsibly we make absolutely sure that eludes legacy banks, with their older tech
Much of Nordax’s confidence stemmed our customers fully understand the burden they systems. After a sustained eight-year campaign
from its faith in the people working in Bank are taking on. of expansion across the Nordics, Bank
Norwegian. One of them is Klara Lise-Aasen “Our aim is to offer transparent and simple Norwegian is now actively seeking to extend the
who, after a successful stint as interim CEO and products digitally to our customers,” says bank’s presence into Western Europe.
CFO at Bank Norwegian, took over both roles Aasen. “From our side, it is also about really The huge concentration of potential digital
on a permanent basis last November. Like Bank understanding them as well and developing customers in urban areas made Germany and
Norwegian itself, whose roots are intrinsically good models predicting customer behavior.” Spain Aasen’s top priority. “We want to show
digital rather than bricks-and-mortar, Aasen is we can also succeed in these two new countries
one of a new breed of financial professionals on BANK NORWEGIAN WAS “BORN before embarking on further expansion,”
a mission to ensure that today’s banks reflect DIGITAL” AND IS NOW USING says Aasen. “The timing was right for further
changing customer behavior as well as larger ITS UNRIVALLED EXPERTISE expansion,” she says when describing entry
societal shifts. IN DIGITAL DATA MINING AND to Germany and Spain in the middle of a
Aasen has been lauded as part of a new ANALYSIS TO CREATE IN-DEPTH pandemic. “We’ve spent the past few years
generation of modest CEOs whose accessible PROFILES OF POTENTIAL AND improving our governance, operations, and risk
style is generating impressive results. “I hope CURRENT CUSTOMERS TO handling policy. We have a proven expansion
to walk the talk and lead by example,” says MINIMIZE THE RISK OF ITS model, with market-leading cost-income ratio
Aasen, whose open approach and ability to EXPOSURE TO UNSECURED with our efficient operating model, and we are in
uncomplicate things is greatly appreciated LOANS. a strong capital position.”
by both her employees and customers. “We Bank Norwegian’s digital horizon is expanding
are on a journey with Bank Norwegian as we The bank develops its customer-facing by the day.
move from being a specialist Nordic Bank to applications in-house and has gained a
an international entity. We may be a digital competitive edge over many larger banks by
operation but it’s the people behind the systems making its digital services as user friendly as
who are important, and we have a committed possible. Meanwhile, the bank gives its staff the
and excellent work force.” tools they require to make the right decisions,

time.com/specialsections
 CONTENT FROM THE INTELLIGENT INVESTOR

Tove Andersen
President and CEO of TOMRA

Recycling has long been regarded as an Collection has grown into the world’s “By significantly increasing effective
essential part of a circular economy. leading provider of reverse vending recycling systems and improving
Now with the United States and solutions. It each year facilitates the resource management practices globally,
European nations setting increasingly collection of more than 40 billion empty GHG emissions can be reduced by 2.76
ambitious emission-reduction targets, cans and bottles and provides retailers billion tonnes of CO2 equivalent per year
preventing excessive waste and reducing and other customers with an effective compared to current waste disposal
the world’s dependency on new primary and efficient way of collecting, sorting methods,” says Andersen. “That is the
resources has become ever more and processing these containers. equivalent of removing more than 600
important. million passenger vehicles from the road
TOMRA Collection contributes half of annually.”
TOMRA president and CEO Tove TOMRA’s annual revenues, with its other
Andersen is positively relishing the business activities in food sorting, waste TOMRA is committed to an exponential
challenge. “Adopting more assertive and metals sorting, and ore and mineral improvement in post-consumer plastic
GHG [greenhouse gas] performance sorting, contributing the remainder. packaging waste management. The
standards, especially for carbon- Listed on the Oslo Stock Exchange, company has pledged to enable 40%
intensive materials like plastics and the company generated revenues of all post-consumer plastic packaging
metal, supports more scalable climate of $1.2 billion in 2021 and employs produced globally each year to be
management solutions,” says Andersen. approximately 4,600 people and has collected for recycling by 2030. The
“Policymakers should not waste this 100,000 installations across more than company also intends to enable 30%
chance of expanding actions rapidly. 80 markets worldwide. Around 11,000 of all post-consumer plastic packaging
Researchers and environmental groups of those installations belong to TOMRA to be recycled in a closed-loop system,
indicate that a green recovery is possible Food, a leading provider of optical which is critical to reducing the world’s
with existing technologies.” sorting and processing technology for reliance on fossil fuels.
the fresh and processed food industry.
Since its inception in 1972, TOMRA has “TOMRA has a golden opportunity to
been at the vanguard of the circular Another 6,400 installations are operated make a significant contribution to the
economy, pioneering the development by TOMRA Recycling, pioneers in the green shift that our planet needs,”
of reverse vending systems for the automation of waste sorting, while Andersen says. “We are playing a leading
automated collection of used beverage TOMRA Mining provides a complete role in developing solutions for the
containers for recycling or reuse. product portfolio for efficient material circular economy. Now we need people
separation in various minerals and ore who are passionate about sustainability
Today, with approximately 80,000 applications. to join us in our vision of leading the
installations in over 60 markets, TOMRA resource revolution.”
 CONTENT FROM THE INTELLIGENT INVESTOR

CSAM – A Diagnosis for Success

In today’s unpredictable world, one industry that seems
certain to increase its importance over the next five years is
eHealth. Even before the COVID-19 pandemic brought the use
of remote healthcare into the mainstream, the benefits of using
digital technology to diagnose and treat patients had driven
the sector to a global value estimated at $14.8 billion. This
is expected to reach $29.5 billion by 2026, representing a
CAGR of 14.8%.

C
hallenged by a combination of low CSAM acquired Carmenta Public Safety and
population densities and communities Optima. These acquisitions boosted Public
scattered across wide geographical Safety to CSAM’s largest business area in
areas, Nordic healthcare authorities were under a year, and the combination of solutions
among the first to turn to digital technologies acquired now covers the complete Public Sverre Flatby
to deliver an efficient service. The result is Safety value chain from A to Z. After joining CEO and Founder of CSAM Health Group
companies like Norway’s CSAM Health Group CSAM, both won new contracts in 2021. enhanced it. Not only did its software prove
have established themselves as the leading resistant to outside forces by accelerating the
providers of specialist eHealth solutions, “THROUGH OUR BIB introduction of automation, but it helped the
not just in Scandinavia but across Europe STRATEGY, WE HAVE company post record revenues for 2020-21.
and beyond. CSAM’s product portfolio of SUCCESSFULLY ACQUIRED Anchored by a seemingly future-proofed
innovative solutions ranges from connected TEN BUSINESSES OVER THE technology platform and a business model
healthcare, medical imaging, women and PAST SIX YEARS AND EACH OF underpinned by regular subscription revenue
children’s health, public safety and medication THEM HAS EITHER EXPANDED streams (the churn on its recurring revenue
management to laboratory information OR STRENGTHENED OUR streams has historically been less than 2%),
management systems and health analytics. PRODUCT OFFERING IN Flatby is focused on M&A and investors that
Listed on the Oslo Stock Exchange since KEY PRODUCT DOMAINS OR foster expansion of CSAM’s geographical
2020 and with a series of judicious and highly MARKETS,” SAYS FLATBY. footprint outside its strong Nordic origins.
successful acquisitions to its name, CSAM “We have a fantastic mix of savvy investors
started life as an in-house program designed It is clearly a winning formula. CSAM grew who come from the US and the UK, as well
to facilitate data transfer for Norway’s at a yearly average of 40% between 2015 and as the Nordic countries, and who genuinely
National Hospital when it moved premises in 2020 and expects to do the same between understand our business model,” Flatby
2000. It is the recurring software income from 2021 and 2025, with 30% of that growth says. “It is our impression that our investors
several public-sector contracts that grew out coming from acquisitions and 10% from appreciate and share our long-term thinking
of the success of that integrative process that organic development. “This is our playbook,” and vision.”
remains the backbone of the business and says Flatby. “We know it by heart and we are Flatby has attracted a strong portfolio of
guarantees its long-term stability. “What we ready to go.” investors who clearly see what CSAM is really
do is develop and deliver highly specialized Given CSAM’s success in weathering the all about. “I love people, healthcare and
components that support complex processes, COVID-19 storm, Flatby’s confidence that the eHealth in that order, and most of the very
normally inside specialized hospitals,” says company will thrive whatever lies ahead looks talented people who work here fundamentally
Sverre Flatby, CEO and founder of CSAM. entirely justified. His financial predictions may feel the same,” he says. “At the end of the
The company’s skill in the seamless even end up being on the conservative side. day, it’s not only about cool software, but
integration of new software programs into “The pandemic affected the way we could also about how we can contribute to saving
existing healthcare systems is key to CSAM’s install the software and train people,” he says. people’s lives.”
success. By the same token, its ability to “On the plus side, it demonstrated how many
integrate new companies into the CSAM processes it was possible to automate and
structure is of equal importance. So much so how you could digitalize the delivery process.”
that it is recognized as a process in its own Far from depressing CSAM’s financial
right as Buy, Integrate & Build (BIB). In 2021, performance, the pandemic seems to have

time.com/specialsections
 CONTENT FROM THE INTELLIGENT INVESTOR

L
ast October, robotics firm and cube storage demand for efficiency and speed,” says Lier. “Last
pioneer AutoStore became Norway’s most year we opened a very advanced innovation hub
valuable new listing in two decades when it where we are constantly trying out new ideas in
raised over $240 million through a share issue on full-scale operations. We encourage our customers
the Oslo Stock Exchange. The success of the listing to give us their feedback. I would say that
was the latest chapter in a remarkable story that about 70% of our R&D effort goes into software
h l l TV i b i f i lf d l t b th t i h t ll d i

Bent Skisaker, Karl Johan Lier and Mats

Hovland Vikse, management team of AutoStore

much more efficient.” efficiency of delivery have also grown. that our customers are involved in, whether that is
And so the concept of cube storage was born. This in turn has presented suppliers with a whole grocery, retail, fashion, or sports,” Vikse says. “But
After several years of trial and error, AutoStore new set of logistical challenges that the AutoStore our client base also includes libraries and industrial
perfected a modular, three-dimensional grid of system has evolved to meet. Continually optimizing applications manufacturers. If their products fit into
self-supporting bins that use robots to retrieve and delivery times by preparing bins throughout the the bins, we can provide a relevant solution.”
deliver items to pick-up stations. The AutoStore course of operations ensures that the time needed Lier sees no end to growth in their client base.
system can reduce the physical space required by to complete an order is kept to a minimum. “We believe that 80% of warehousing and logistics
as much as 75% when compared with traditional Grocery retailers have their own particular issues will be automated within 30 years,” he says. “We
storage solutions and offers the highest density due to the perishable nature of many of their calculate that the market could grow at a CAGR of
ratio cube storage of any goods-to-person system. goods. Diversifying an existing business to allow 15% for years to come. AutoStore will benefit from
“The efficiency of our system means we can keep for online shopping can also quickly translate secular megatrends like increasing e-commerce
our customers’ costs down,” says AutoStore CRO into an uncomfortably busy shop floor as orders penetration, automation penetration, enhanced
Mats Hovland Vikse. “In addition, they can keep are gathered and prepared for delivery. AutoStore focus on sustainability, and changing consumer
far more inventory in the same amount of space helps its grocery retail clients reduce their stock demands for rapid order fulfilment and delivery,
than with any alternative solution, so the return on storage footprint and the amount of labor required, which our systems support.”
their investment is much greater.” thereby helping alleviate store congestion. This As the only scaled, IP-protected, and
Maximizing space is only part of the secret of in turn enables these big grocers to give in-store commercially available provider in the fast cubic
AutoStore’s success and would be meaningless if customers their full attention and services while storage market, the digital footprints of AutoStore
it was not wedded to a highly efficient automated simultaneously serving those shopping online. will be there to lead the way.
selection and delivery system. This is regularly fine- AutoStore is also increasingly popular with the
tuned and updated. growing number of third-party logistics providers.
“We have invested heavily in R&D and continue The system gathers large quantities of data that
to innovate our system to meet our customers can be used for big data analysis and inform better

time.com/specialsections
THE BRIEF TIME WITH

Russian businessman systems, prompting tags like “London-

grad” and, Chichvarkin’s personal fa-
Evgeny Chichvarkin vorite, “Moscow on Thames.”
According to a 2022 report from
on how London Transparency International, Russians
became Londongrad with Kremlin links or who have been
accused of corruption own at least
BY CHARLIE CAMPBELL
$1.9 billion of British real estate. The
U.K. parliamentary intelligence com-
evgeny ChiChvarkin is looking agiTaTed. mittee has dubbed London a “laundro-
He’s just heard a whisper about some potential mat” for dirty Russian money.
stock going cheap and so politely declines my Following Russia’s invasion of
suggestion we leave his bustling wineshop in Privileged Ukraine, British Prime Minister Boris
London’s tony Mayfair district in search of some- upbringing Johnson declared, “We must go after
where quieter to chat. the oligarchs.” His government has
But Chichvarkin isn’t dashing of in pursuit of sanctioned more than 1,000 individu-
another 1774 Jura vin jaune, which sells for a pre- als and businesses linked to Russia.
cise £72,553.80 ($95,308) at Hedonism Wines, When it comes to support for
the store he set up in 2012 to be “the world’s best Ukraine, Chichvarkin goes further
wineshop.” Instead, he is preparing to inspect a than U.S. or E.U. leaders: he advocates
consignment of military fatigues and battle wear Young money for “immediately” sending NATO sol-
at a warehouse in the nearby town of Slough— diers and enforcing a no-ly zone, as
worth some $650,000, he tells me conspiratori- President Volodymyr Zelensky has
ally. “It belongs to a rich Russian who had his as- repeatedly requested. But he says the
sets frozen and needs to sell. If it works out, I’ll punitive economic measures targeting
send it straight to the Ukrainian army.” supposed Kremlin allies are so broad as
Chichvarkin isn’t your typical wine merchant. Liberal leanings to amount to “discrimination.”
With his Salvador Dalí mustache, billowing pan- “It’s a dirty game,” he says. “Javelin
taloons, gold tooth earring, and pink leather win- missiles and NATO troops can end the
kle pickers, the very idea of typical seems anath- war. Not seizing a yacht in Monaco.
ema to the 47-year-old entrepreneur, who has That will only help a particular politi-
lived in London since leeing his native Russia cian get re-elected.”
face down in the back of a car in 2008.
Chichvarkin was born in St. Petersburg, Global gourmand Britain’s prostitution of itself
back when it was still Leningrad. He rose to be- for Russian billions has deep roots.
come one of his nation’s youngest billionaires, Following World War II, the U.K.
by founding cell-phone retailer Evroset in 1997, was verging on bankruptcy until the
which swelled to 5,000 stores by 2007. But he City of London began cozying up to
fell afoul of local oicials who accused Chichvar- the Soviet Union, which didn’t want
kin of kidnapping and extortion—charges he has to keep dollar reserves in American
always called bogus. Chichvarkin and his busi- banks so instead chose British. These
ness partner sold Evroset for a reported cut-price banks, in turn, began lending those
$400 million, and after successfully ighting ex- “eurodollars” to one another in an un-
tradition proceedings, he now lives in exile. In regulated market, which eventually
London, he has enjoyed a coda as businessman, spawned today’s opaque ofshore i-
restaurateur, and thorn in the side of Russian nance system. London boomed.
President Vladimir Putin, supporting democratic More recently, rich kleptocrats—
causes in Russia and its periphery by funding op- lured by top-notch schools, a
position parties and issuing scathing critiques. plaintif-friendly defamation sys-
“Russians are not Putin,” he says, ixing me tem, and so-called golden visas that
with piercing blue eyes. “He doesn’t represent us. allow applicants who invest £2 million
We didn’t elect him. We don’t support him.” in the U.K. to gain residency—have
Chichvarkin is a lamboyant, iconoclastic ex- parked their private jets on British run-
ample of the Russian wealth that has looded into ways. Chichvarkin enjoys the luxuri-
Britain over the past two decades. The deluge of ous fruits of London living as much
illicit cash scrubbed clean in the City of London as any of them, even crossing mallets
has led to allegations that Putin’s cronies have with princes William and Harry on the
penetrated Britain’s political, economic, and legal polo circuit. He describes the Russian
22 Time April 11/April 18, 2022
 Oliver Bullough, author of Butler
to the World: How Britain Helps the
World’s Worst People Launder Money,
Commit Crimes, and Get Away With
Anything, disagrees. “In general, if you
are wealthy and your business is in-
side Russia, you are only in that posi-
tion because you’ve come to an accom-
modation with the Kremlin,” he says.
“Otherwise, you would have had your
business taken away.”
Chichvarkin’s dramatic light from
Russia is a case in point. He knows only
too well the brutal machinations of Pu-
tin’s “bulldogs,” as he calls them. He
maintains that his own mother, whose
bloodied and bruised body was discov-
ered in her Moscow apartment in April
2010, was murdered by state agents
in an attempt to lure him home for her
funeral. (The Kremlin denies involve-
ment, and the oicial verdict was that
she died of a heart attack.)
That has not cowed Chichvarkin.
In March 2018, in the weeks before
Putin’s widely disputed re-election
landslide, he stood outside the Rus-
sian embassy with a handful of fellow
dissidents, denouncing his regime
through a megaphone. Asked whether
he fears for his own life, he shrugs: “I’m
too tired to be afraid,” he says. “I drive
around with the sunroof open.”
It’s brio that chafes with an in-
creasingly bleak reality. On the day we
met, Russian opposition leader Alexei
Navalny—who narrowly escaped death
after poisoning by suspected Krem-
lin agents in August 2020—had the
sentence for his widely condemned
corruption conviction increased to 13
years at a maximum-security prison.
diaspora as “probably the best ever” to have set “When Putin dies he will be free,”
up in the capital. “They predominantly follow says Chichvarkin, who has funded Na-
the rules and laws,” he says. “The only problem is ‘Russians are valny with over $100,000 of donations
Russian ex-wives lying in court!” since 2010. “Everybody’s waiting for
British lawmakers are suddenly waking up to not Putin. Putin to die. The possibility of freedom
the possibility that they sold Putin the rope with He doesn’t only comes after his death.”
which to strangle their democracy. Since Johnson Is that the only hope for Russia?
became Prime Minister in 2019, his party has ac- represent us.’ “Well, one of Putin’s friends could bind
cepted £2 million in Russian funding. In 2020, —EVGENY CHICHVARKIN him and bring him to the Hague,” he
14 members of his government received Russia- chuckles. “Russian history is quite dark
linked donations. with a lot of very strange examples of
SOPHIE GREEN FOR TIME

Chichvarkin argues that sanctioning oligarchs changing power.” It’s such a slim glim-
will have little efect on Putin. “Sanctions must mer that Chichvarkin falls silent. He
target Putin’s wallet and his real friends,” he says, twists his mustache contemplatively
“not people who made money and probably had and eventually looks up. “Ukraine win-
to give half to Putin just to keep the other half.” ning the war would help.” □
23
LIGHTBOX

Silent tribute
Emergency responders stand in silence to honor the
victims of the China Eastern Airlines plane that crashed
in Wuzhou, China, on March 27. All 132 passengers
and crew aboard were killed when the Bombardier
CRJ-200ER traveling from Kunming to Guangzhou
crashed into mountains at high speed on March 21,
authorities conirmed on March 26. It was the deadliest
air disaster in mainland China since 1994.

Photograph by CNS/AFP/Getty Images

▶ For more of our best photography, visit time.com/lightbox
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NATION

JUDGE JACKSON’S
PRACTICED POISE
BY MIKKI KENDALL

▶
INSIDE

THE HEAVY ECONOMIC TOLL HOW BIG TECH COMPANIES WHAT I WISH MORE PEOPLE HAD
OF “ZERO COVID” IN CHINA CAPITALIZE ON VIRAL SHAME TOLD ME ABOUT PARENTING

27
THE VIEW OPENER

The exchange was extraordinary in

its circumstances—Jackson is the irst
Black woman to be nominated to the
Supreme Court—but to Black women
across the country, it was also famil-
iar. An occasion that should have been
a celebration of how far America has
come since slavery ended was instead
a reminder of how far we have to go.
Jackson is in many ways a perfect
Supreme Court candidate. She’s well
educated with a stellar record both
as an attorney and as a judge. There’s
nothing questionable in her personal
life, no indications of ethical laws. In
fact, Senator Lindsey Graham, one of
her most aggressive questioners, voted
to conirm her to her current seat on the
D.C. Circuit Court of Appeals. Jackson
has spent more time on the bench than
Justice Amy Coney Barrett had when Jackson takes questions from the Senate Judiciary Committee on March 23
she was nominated, and unlike Justice
Clarence Thomas or Justice Brett Ka-
vanaugh, she has never been accused credentials and hard work won’t matter. there will be no consequences. Many
of sexual harassment or assault. (Both Too many Americans have been of their constituents will laud this be-
men have denied the allegations.) conditioned to expect Black women to havior, and even those who don’t are
Yet despite her résumé, Jackson has be less than them. This includes poli- likely to celebrate Jackson’s strength
faced an onslaught of microaggres- ticians who are supposed to represent and never consider what these hear-
sions, falsehoods, and demands for everyone. They expect Black women ings have cost her emotionally.
irrelevant information. From Tucker to work hard, but not be too success- There is a saying in the Black Amer-
Carlson’s obsession with her LSAT ful or to acknowledge what they’ve ican community that we must work
score to Cruz’s contention that she overcome in their pursuit of success. twice as hard to get half as far. What
must answer questions about the work It’s a view that harks back to Mammy, we do not often say out loud is that for
of another Black scholar because she’s the stereotype of a happily disenfran- those of us who reach great heights,
on the board of a school where his chised Black woman devoted to car- we have not only worked twice as
book is taught, the attacks have not ing for the family that enslaved her, hard, but we have also been hurt twice
been your typical partisan fare. Sena- no matter the personal cost, and to as much, and probably more. For Jack-
tor Marsha Blackburn, for instance, Jim Crow–era etiquette, which pre- son to reach this place, she has had to
insisted that Jackson’s support of the scribed that Black people refrain from weather a lifetime of this treatment
1619 Project, an efort to center our showing much emotion in public, and and not let it stop her.
national narrative around slavery and it’s still present in workplaces today. Pundits will continue to try to de-
its legacy, means she wants to teach Black women are efectively ex- humanize her, despite having no idea
kids that America is a fundamentally pected to ill two roles at work: the what it feels like to walk this singular
racist country. Meanwhile, other Sena- one they were hired to do, and making path to the highest court in the land
tors pressed Jackson on her sentenc- their co-workers comfortable, at their as a Black woman. She is the irst, she
ing of sex ofenders, suggesting this own expense. It’s not enough to be will not be the last, and as with all
Black woman would be soft on crime educated, accomplished, and profes- trailblazers, her impact will be seen
and maybe even put children at risk. sional. To navigate the obstacles cre- in the Black girls and women who too
ated by racist stereotypes, they must will learn to share their feelings in pri-
It was maddenIng to watch, yet I also hide their emotions. They cannot vate and present a calm, composed
know that Jackson cannot express her be too talented or assertive, lest they face in public. Senator Cory Booker
frustrations outwardly. She’s going to be seen as a threat. Like Jackson, they told her, “It is so good to see you here.”
be expected to eat this indignity with must persevere in a no-win situation. And it was. I just wish she were given
a smile and never speak of it publicly. Politics will be held up as an excuse the welcome she deserves.
SUSAN WALSH — AP

She knows, as does any Black woman for the atrocious behaviors at these
in America, that if she gets upset or hearings, but one of the reasons so Kendall is the author of Hood
displays anger, she will be labeled many Republican Senators turned to Feminism: Notes From the Women
an Angry Black Woman and all her this toolbox of bigotry is they know That a Movement Forgot
The View is reported by Chad de Guzman, Mariah Espada, and Julia Zorthian
 SOCIETY
THE RISK REPORT BY IAN BREMMER RETHINKING THE
OFFICE FOR MOMS
Nobody wants to go back to the
ofice quite like white dudes. This
doesn’t mean all white dudes
are pushing this return—or that
everyone in this camp is white
or a dude—but just over 30% of
white men want to go back full
time, compared with around 22%
of women (Black and white) and
16% of Black men.
For working moms espe-
cially, remote work has brought
a new level of lexibility and
self-determination. And studies
show lexible work can increase
our sense of belonging—par-
ticularly for Black workers. But
for two years, the ofice advo-
cates have put us through the
same “When can we get back?”
conversation, ignoring the more
important one: Is there an
ofice that working moms would
be excited to go to? If so, why
aren’t men ighting for it?
In a word: comfort. The
ofice was designed for men
who made the money while
their wives took care of their
COVID-19’s home and family. Not only
was the temperature set low
disruption to optimize for the warmth of
their suits, the standard of
of Chinese “professionalism” was based
life will on white-male sociality. It’s
no wonder I felt relieved to
get worse work remotely early in the
before it pandemic.
Still, with two kids at home,
gets better I soon began to understand
the urge to go back—but not
to the ofice as we know it. We
need a new kind of workplace
built with moms in mind, one
that gives workers control
over their time, lets them
work from home as needed,
offers childcare support, and
addresses biases.
Reimagining the workplace
isn’t about the end of comfort.
If all goes well, for many, it will
be the beginning.
—Reshma Saujani,
author of Pay Up: The Future
 of Women and Work (and Why
It’s Different Than You Think)
29
THE VIEW INBOX

◁
Vehicles wait to
refuel at a Costco in
Seattle on March 9

and contribute to global climate

change. The average U.S. passenger
vehicle emits 4.6 metric tons of carbon
dioxide annually, and transportation
is responsible for nearly 30% of the
country’s greenhouse-gas emissions.
To ind a precise estimate of the
externalities associated with driving,
I turned to a 2007 paper from Re-
sources for the Future. The research
group found that if you add up all the
mileage-related externalities—namely
congestion, accidents, and local air
pollution—the cost comes to a whop-
ping $2.10 per gallon. Climate change
contributes another 72¢ per gallon if
Climate Is Everything you look at the group’s estimates that
are in line with current understand-
By Justin Worland ing of the efects of emissions. Add the
SENIOR CORRESPONDENT
two up and it’s clear the cost of the ex-
ternalities can total $3 per gallon.
ACROSS THE GLOBE, POLITICIANS about all the variables. But one thing Of course, no politician is propos-
are fuming about record-high gas is deinitely true: driving costs soci- ing a gas tax to account for all the
prices and proposing a range of pol- ety much more than you’re paying damage driving causes. On average,
icy mechanisms to bring down costs, to do it. state taxes add 31¢ to the cost of a gal-
including cutting gas taxes and of- These unpaid costs to society— lon of gas while federal taxes add an-
fering drivers rebates. These policies what economists call externalities— other 18.4¢, according to federal data.
make political sense as everyday peo- are fairly easy to understand. Cars Nonetheless, the numbers ofer an im-
ple sufer at the pump, but they help cause gridlock, which reduces pro- portant dose of reality: without a radi-
mask the true cost a gallon of gas ductivity. Accidents kill tens of thou- cal policy change, drivers are getting
imposes on society—from the risk sands in the U.S. each year. Cars gen- a free ride.
of traic accidents to the contribu- erate air pollution and, as a result,
tion to climate change. Calculating contribute to health ailments like Sign up to learn how the week’s
the damage is a fraught process, and asthma and heart disease. Impor- news connects to the climate crisis
at time.com/climate-newsletter
economists don’t necessarily agree tantly, cars also emit carbon dioxide

By Philip Elliott
C H O N A K A S I N G E R — B L O O M B E R G /G E T T Y I M A G E S

30 TIME April 11/April 18, 2022

 Healthy. Educated. Safe.
Let’s get there together.

THE LEADERSHIP BRIEF

New Seuss boss seeks

success in progress
BY MEGAN MCCLUSKEY

AFTER A RECORD-HIGH REVENUE a museum, watching a television

year for Dr. Seuss Enterprises, the show, or entering the metaverse.
privately held company that over- We take that very seriously.
sees children’s author Theodor
Seuss Geisel’s estate, Susan Brandt Can you explain how the com-
was promoted to president and pany ultimately decided to dis-
CEO in January. Brandt, who has continue six books?
been with the company for 24 years, This was not a decision that was
oversaw a surge in book sales after made in a short period of time.
the company announced in March We consulted with a panel of edu-
2021 that it would no longer pub- cators and experts on racial rela-
lish or license six of Seuss’s books, tions to make our decision about
including his irst children’s book, the best move forward.
And to Think That I Saw It on Mul-
berry Street (1937), because of racist How do you preserve an au-
and ofensive imagery. thor’s legacy while
More recently, she’s acknowledging that
credited with spear- aspects of their work
heading ventures that don’t align with cur-
fulill Seuss’s wish to rent cultural values?
spread his work across How we conduct
“all media throughout our business did not
the world”—from an change from before
animated Netlix series our announcement
based on Green Eggs to after. We strive to
and Ham to a forth- ensure that our body
coming trio of movies of work relects and
adapted from The Cat be published because includes our broad
in the Hat and Oh, the of ofensive imagery and diverse commu-
Places You’ll Go! to a nity. We support chil-
Seuss-themed NFT marketplace. dren and families with messages
Her eforts have kept the brand not of hope, inspiration, inclusion,
only relevant, but also thriving. and friendship.
Brandt spoke with TIME about
the evolution of the Seuss brand. You worked with Seuss’s widow When we all connect,
Audrey Geisel for years. What we make things better
What do you feel is your respon- was the most valuable lesson she
for millions of children
sibility when it comes to manag- taught you?
ing such well-established and be- Audrey was the best. I miss her around the world.
loved intellectual property? dearly. She was a very, very savvy And their families.
We’re blessed with a property businesswoman. Ultimately, she And their communities.
that has universal and timeless taught me that this is Dr. Seuss. And their countries.
themes. As CEO or as any role in the It should be delightful. It should
company—it doesn’t just lay at my be fun. Everything we do should And you.
feet—we’re stewards of the DNA of be good for families and kids in
this property. So while it’s extremely our communities. She also just Together we can all get
relevant and important to translate taught me to laugh. to a better place.
the property into new and difer-
ent mediums, our ultimate goal is Sign up for weekly conversations
to ensure that it’s still a Dr. Seuss with the world’s most inluential
leaders at time.com/leadership
experience, whether you’re going to ChildFund.org
THE VIEW ESSAY

NATION made to feel so very comfortable, sur-

How Big Tech rounded by like-minded friends, per-
haps thousands of them. It’s big enough
weaponizes shame to feel like we’re “in society,” but of
BY CATHY O’NEIL course it’s actually quite small, a min-
ute corner of the world. The ways we
disagree with others outside our group
Shame iS a viSceral, inSTincTual reSponSe. We are iltered straight to us, via algo-
react violently to shaming by others, either by feeling rithms, and the ways we agree with one
shame or by feeling outraged at the attempt. This human another are likewise iltered away from
hard wiring, which historically salvaged our reputations us, making them essentially invisible.
and preserved our lives, is being hijacked and perverted That automated boosting of shame-
by the big tech companies for proit. In the process, we are based outrage triggers us, and we get
needlessly pitted against one another. It doesn’t have to habituated to performing acts of virtue
be like this. What I’ve learned—in part from very personal signaling. We jump on the shame train
experience—is that shame comes in a number of forms, and to get our tiny little dopamine boosts
the better we understand it, the better we can ight back. for being outraged and for our righ-
Whereas shame is primarily a useful social mechanism teousness. That we get accolades from
that coerces its target into conforming with a shared norm, our inner circle only serves to convince
the kind of shaming that often goes viral on social media is us once again that we’re in the right
a punching-down type of shame where the target cannot and that people outside our circles are
choose to conform even if they tried. That obese woman living in sick cults. This turns what
who fell over in her scooter at Walmart? Viral. That over- should be a socially cohesive act into a
dose victim? Shamed. mere performance, as we get stuck for
Shame’s secondary goal is arguably more efective on so- hours on the platforms, tearing each
cial media, namely to broadcast the norm for other down for the
everyone to see. When we see yet another sake of increasing the
phone video of an outrageous public “Karen” proits of Big Tech.
situation, it can conceivably be seen as a What’s particularly
learning situation for everyone else. tragic about all of this is
But what exactly are we learning? The that the shame doesn’t
ensuing viral shame is swift and overly sim- work at all; it is inher-
plistic, often leaving little context or right ently misdirected. For
to due process. When we do hear further shame to work, in the
from the target, the shame tends to have sense of persuading
backired, leaving the alleged Karen dei- someone to behave,
ant, inding community with equally dei- we irst need to share
ant others. Finally, the underlying societal norms and even a sense
problem exposed by a Karen episode is left of trust, and second,
unaddressed: that white women hold out- the target of the shame
size power over others, especially Black needs to have the ex-
men, because of a historical bias in policing. pectation that their
As poorly as shame plays out, it is exactly better behavior will be
how the big tech companies have designed noticed. Those precon-
it. I should know—I used to work as a data scientist in the ditions are rarely met online.
world of online ads. I would decide who deserved an op- We have had diferences of opin-
portunity and who did not, based on who had spent money ions for a long time; that’s nothing
in the past and who hadn’t. new. By pitting us against one an-
Most online algorithms quantify and proile you, putting other in these endless shame spirals,
a number on how much you’re worth, whether it’s to sell We irst Big Tech has successfully prevented
I L L U S T R AT I O N S B Y G I U L I A N E R I F O R T I M E

you a luxury item or to prey upon you if they deem you vul- need to us from building solidarity. The irst
nerable to gambling, predatory loans, or cryptocurrencies. share step is for us to critically observe their
In turn, the advertisers who ind you igure out your weak- manipulations and call them what
nesses and deftly exploit them. When I realized I was help- norms they are: shame machines.
ing build a terrible system, I got out. and even
O’Neil is the author of The Shame
For social media, the data scientists are interested in a sense Machine: Who Proits in the New
only one thing: sustained attention. That’s why online we are of trust Age of Humiliation
32 Time April 11/April 18, 2022
 parenthood, we overcorrected. We for-
got to keep sharing the good stuf, in
addition to the bad.

I HAD MY SON in May 2020, probably

one of the worst times in history to
have a baby. It could have been worse,
of course—it wasn’t on the Oregon
Trail—but it wasn’t great. For the irst
few months of his life, we couldn’t see
anyone. We showed him to friends and
family by Zoom or by holding him up
to a window. I wish they could have
held him. I wish they could have held
me. One night when he wouldn’t stop
crying, I drove to a parking lot and
SOCIETY sobbed. I thought, This is exactly what
We should talk more about everyone told me it would be like.
But even as a irst-time parent of a
the good parts of parenting pandemic baby, I’ve found there is so
BY LUCY HUBER
much good. Why didn’t anyone warn
me about the good? I don’t mean good
in the sense that my toddler is easy
FROM THE MOMENT I ANNOUNCED I WAS PREGNANT, (he’s not) or my parenting is perfect
the comments started rolling in: (last night, my son ate 30 tater tots and
Hope you’re ready to never sleep again. nothing else for dinner). But good un-
All your hair is going to fall out. like anything I knew before becoming a
Just wait until he’s a toddler. parent. Sometimes after my son goes to
Just wait until he’s a teenager! sleep, I revisit the feeling of being with
Do you know what an episiotomy is? him like it’s a drug. I can release endor-
They came from friends, from co-workers, from strang- phins just by looking at a photo of him
ers who saw my belly. (OK, the last one was my doctor.) Sometimes playing with a dump truck.
At irst they didn’t bother me. But as the months went on, after my Maybe that’s why it’s hard to tell
the comments did too. I’ve always liked kids, but from what people about the good. The best mo-
I was hearing, the second you have your own, you ind out
son goes ments of parenting sound mundane
“the truth”: they drain you, demanding snacks at all hours, to sleep, but feel otherworldly: The irst time
crying all night, breastfeeding too much, not breastfeeding I revisit the my son heard “Jump in the Line” and
enough, breaking heirlooms, forcing you to become an ex- I danced around the room while he
hausted heap of a person who can’t even drink a cup of cof- feeling of laughed. Cuddling while watching
fee without a tiny human insisting on watching Blippi while being with Cars 3 (again), stroking his hair. Kick-
picking their nose and wiping it on your unused diploma. him like ing a soccer ball as the sun sets and the
Was this what was going to happen to me? whole world is me and him.
For a long time, motherhood was gloriied. When my it’s a drug A few nights ago, my toddler went
mom was pregnant in the ’80s, it never occurred to her that around and said, “Good night, I love
it would be hard because nobody talked about the chal- you!” to all his trucks, our cats, his
lenges. She was surprised when we weren’t the perfect chil- dad, and me. He’d never said “I love
dren she’d imagined, children who slept through the night you” to me before. My heart felt like
and were happy to sit quietly in a playpen until we were 5. someone had grabbed it inside my rib
Instead, when my mom took my brother for a preschool in- cage and squeezed so hard the ven-
terview, he turned on all the outdoor spigots he could ind tricles were about to burst. I’m glad
and looded the playground. we’ve become more honest about par-
Now people try to avoid making it seem like it’s all snug- enting. But now when my friends are
gly babies and well-behaved toddlers who would never about to become parents, I try to ex-
purposely lood a Montessori vegetable garden. We inally plain this: some moments you’ll be
started speaking up about issues that were being ignored, so happy, you’ll practically combust.
like postpartum depression. We allowed TV fathers to be
emotional and stopped depicting mothers as rosy-cheeked Huber is a freelance writer and an editor
June Cleavers. But maybe when it came to talking about at McSweeney’s
33
Other documents randomly have
different content
fifteen years, wishful of becoming a Fellow, but finally balked of that
ambition for an easeful life. It is curious to contemplate that old
possibility of this stout man of war having ever become a cloistral
butt of futile learning, of the peculiar brand of futility affected by
Oxford.
His father died, leaving but an insignificant sum to be divided
among his many children, and Robert, with strong Republican views,
was returned to Parliament for his native town of Bridgwater. Events
were moving rapidly towards Civil War, and in the outbreak of that
momentous struggle many men found at last their vocation. Among
them was Blake, whose great defence of Taunton town against the
Royalist siege in 1645 was one of the most dogged and successful
incidents of that time. Encompassed by ten thousand men and his
ammunition all shot away, food exhausted, and a breach actually
made in the walls and the enemy swarming through it; still he would
not yield, and declared he would eat his boots first. Fortunately the
rumour of Fairfax’s relieving army at that moment spread among the
besiegers, and the siege was raised, else Blake would have had a full
and an unappetising meal before him, as any one who contemplates
his statue here, and the great thigh-boots he is wearing, may judge
for himself.
At the establishment of the Commonwealth, Blake was given high
command at sea: a military man afloat as Admiral; a thing in our
own highly specialised times unthinkable. His complete success in
that new environment is a part of our history that need not be
recounted here. After many inconclusive duels with the Dutch, who,
under Van Tromp, disputed the sovereignty of the seas, and after
brilliant services abroad, Blake died while yet in what may be termed
the prime of life, of an intermittent fever, and probably also from an
exhaustion induced by old wounds, on board his flagship, off
Plymouth, in 1657. With his death disappeared one of the few
entirely honest Republicans of that time: a man that England could
then ill spare, as the nation was to find but ten years later, when the
Dutch fully revenged themselves for former reverses by their historic
raid up the Medway and destruction of English ships off Chatham.
 After many years, Bridgwater has at last honoured itself and the
memory of this great man with a statue, placed prominently in front
of the Corn Exchange. He is represented in the military costume of
the time, with a short, wind-blown cloak flying from his shoulders,
pointing into space. It is a pose admirably chosen, and every line of
this fine bronze figure expresses the courage, zeal, and bull-dog
determination characteristic of the man. Bronze panels in relief on
the plinth represent Blake’s fleet off Portland, February 1653; the
capture of Santa Cruz, April 20th, 1657; and Blake’s body brought
into Plymouth Sound, August 7th, 1657. This appropriate couplet
from Spenser is added:
Sleepe after toyle, port after stormy seas,
Ease after war, death after life, doth greatly please.

Bridgwater church has its place in history, for it was from the
battlements of this tower that the ill-fated Monmouth looked forth
upon the plain of Sedgemoor, just before the battle that was to
decide his fortunes.
Nothing in the long story of the West so stirs the blood as the
incidents of the disastrous expedition captained by this handsome,
ambitious, and well-liked son of Charles II. It was a generous
enterprise—if at the same time not without its great personal
reward, if successful—to attempt the saving of England from the
domination of Popery that again threatened her; and it deserved a
better conclusion than that recorded by history.
 BRIDGWATER: ST. MARY’S CHURCH, AND CORN EXCHANGE.

It was three weeks after the landing of Monmouth at Lyme Regis,

on the coast of Dorset, that he arrived at Bridgwater. Three
thousand men had flocked to him on his landing, and by the time he
had reached Taunton, the enthusiasm was such that his forces were
more than doubled, and numbered seven thousand. But his was an
undisciplined and untrained mob, rather than an army, and a fiery
religious fervour, ready to dare anything for Protestantism, was an ill
equipment with which to contend against the trained troops of
James the Second, hastening down to oppose their march. This was
essentially a popular rebellion, for the influential gentry of the West,
although ill-affected towards the reactionary rule of King James and
willing enough to end his reign, hesitated to join, and by their
cowardice lost the day. While they timorously waited on events, the
peasantry showed a bolder front, and chiefly through their sturdy
conduct, Monmouth’s advance through Dorset and Somerset had
been by no means without incident in the warlike sort. His rustics,
badly armed though they were, and largely with agricultural
implements instead of weapons of offence, gave with their billhooks,
their pikes, and scythes, an excellent account of themselves against
the Royalist regulars commanded by Lord Feversham in the hotly
contested skirmish at Norton St. Philip on June 26th.
It was, perhaps, in some measure the unaccustomed weapons
used by Monmouth’s countrymen that alarmed Feversham’s soldiers
and gained that day for the rebel Duke, for even men trained to
arms lose much of their courage when confronted with strange, even
though, it may be, inferior weapons. But it was still more the valour
of the Somerset rustics that won the day on that occasion for Faith
and Freedom.
Had Monmouth followed up his advantage, the wavering
sympathies of the West of England gentry might have thrown fresh
levies into the field for his cause; but he retired upon the then
defenceless town of Bridgwater, and remained inactive.

WESTONZOYLAND.
 Now, there is nothing that more disheartens untrained men than a
check in their forward march. Countermarching to them appears but
the forerunner of defeat, and the flow of ardour in any cause once
hindered is difficult to recover. With regular troops the chances and
changes incidental to campaigning inure them to disappointments,
and the retreat of to-day they know often to be but the prelude of
to-morrow’s advance. But with Monmouth’s men, their leader’s plan
once altered, their fortunes seemed irretrievably clouded. Monmouth
himself grew gloomy at the delay the vacillations of himself and his
lieutenants had caused, and when on the afternoon of Sunday, July
5th, he ascended to this point to reconnoitre the position his
opponents had taken up in the midst of the moor, his heart sank. He
saw the glint of their arms, the colours of the regiments drawn up
beneath the shadow of the tall tower of Westonzoyland, and he well
knew that a conflict between them and his brave, but untaught,
peasants could only prove fatal to his ambitions. He had, some years
before, led those very soldiers to victory. “I know those men,” said
he to his officers, leaning over these parapets of St. Mary’s; “they
will fight!”
By a circuitous route, his army left the town of Bridgwater when
night was come and darkness had shrouded the moor. By narrow
and rugged lanes they went, past Chedzoy, towards the Polden Hills.
Here they turned, and, led by a guide, essayed to thread the maze
of deep ditches called, in the parlance of the West Country, “Rhines.”
It was not until two o’clock in the morning that they had reached
within striking distance of the Royal troops, crossing safely the Black
Ditch, and moving along the outer side of the Langmoor Rhine, in
search of a passage, when a pistol was fired, either by accident or
treachery. “A Dark night,” says one who was present, “and Thick
Fogg covering the Moore.” The darkness and the sudden alarm
caused by the pistol-shot threw Monmouth’s men into confusion, and
the Royal forces were at the same time aroused. The night attack
had failed.
 James II.’s troops challenged the masses of men they saw dimly
advancing through the mist, and were for a time deceived by the
answering cry of “Albemarle,” the name of the Royalist commander,
who was supposed to be coming to the support of Lord Feversham.
And thus the Monmouth men passed on to the Bussex Rhine,
where they were simultaneously challenged and fired upon by
another outpost. Dismayed by this volley at close quarters, the rebel
horse, forming the advance, broke and dashed wildly back into the
stolid ranks of the peasantry. It says much for the stubborn courage
of those ploughmen and hedgers and ditchers who formed the bulk
of the Duke’s ranks, that in this confusion they stood fast.
Then the fight began in earnest, chiefly hand-to-hand, beside the
broad and stagnant Rhine, in whose noisome mud many a stout
fellow met his death that night. It was not until day dawned across
the moor that the last band of rustic pikemen broke and fled before
the King’s battalions, pouring across the Bussex Rhine.
Hours before, under cover of the night, the rebel Duke had fled
the spot with Lord Grey and thirty horsemen. It had been a better
thing had he halted and been cut to pieces with his brave followers.
His had then been a nobler figure in history.
He had looked with the ill-disguised contempt of an old
campaigner upon his doomed rustics. Urged to make a last effort to
support them, he said bitterly: “All the world cannot stop those
fellows; they will run presently”—and ran himself. The shattered
remnants of his raw ranks poured confusedly into Bridgwater town,
soon after daylight was come. At first the townsfolk thought them
but the wounded stragglers from a great victory, and shouted, with
caps flying in air, for “King Monmouth.” Then the dreadful truth
spread abroad from the lips of wounded and dying men, and those
who had cheered for the flying leader hid themselves, or fled on
their own account. Three thousand of the rebels lay slain upon the
field.
 Swift and terrible was the punishment meted out to the unhappy
victims of Monmouth’s ill-starred rising. The moorland, the towns
and villages throughout the counties of Somerset and Dorset, were
made ghastly with the bodies and quarters of the rebels executed
and hanged in gimmaces, or fixed on posts by the entrances to the
village churches; and the shocking judicial progress of the infamous
Judge Jeffreys, is aptly commemorated in the popular name of the
“Bloody Assize.” The Duke of Monmouth, captured at Woodyates,
was beheaded on Tower Hill, after an abject appeal for mercy had
been refused, on July 15th.
Lost causes always appeal to the imagination more eloquently
than those that have gained their objects, and the Monmouth
Rebellion is no exception. The enthusiasm aroused by the handsome
presence and gallant bearing of this gay and careless son of Charles
II. and Lucy Walters, still finds an echo in the West, in the sympathy
felt for his tragic end and for the temporary eclipse of the Protestant
cause. This interest lends itself to the whole of the level country
behind Bridgwater, the flat, dyke-intersected, alluvial plain of
Sedgemoor. The Bussex Rhine, one of the original dykes, has long
since been filled up, and more modern ditches cut for the better
draining of the district; but the spot where the battle was fought can
still be exactly identified. It lies half a mile to the north of
Westonzoyland, whose rugged church tower overlooks the greater
part of the moor, topping the withies, the poplars, and the apple-
orchards of the village with grand effect. In that stately church five
hundred of the rebels were imprisoned before trial. A little distance
from the site of the Bussex Rhine is the Langmoor Rhine, and, near
by, Brentsfield Bridge, where the Duke’s men crossed. The village
people of Chedzoy still show the enquiring stranger that stone in the
church wall on which the pikes were sharpened before the fight, and
the plough even now occasionally turns up rusty sword-hilts, bullets,
and other eloquent memorials of that futile struggle. But the silken
banner, worked by the Fair Maids of Taunton, where is it, with its
proud motto, Pro Religione et Libertate? and where the memorial
that should mark this fatal field whereon so many stalwart West-
countrymen laid down their lives for their faith?
 CHAPTER XIV

CANNINGTON—THE QUANTOCKS—NETHER
STOWEY, AND THE COLERIDGE CIRCLE

We leave Bridgwater by St. Mary’s church and the street called

curiously, “Penel Orlieu,” whose name derives from a combination of
Pynel Street and Orlewe Street, two thoroughfares that have long
been conjoined. “Pynel,” or “Penelle,” was the name of a bygone
Bridgwater family.
Up Wembdon Hill, we come out of the town by its only residential
suburb. Motor-cars have absolutely ruined this road out of
Bridgwater, and on through Cannington and Nether Stowey, to
Minehead and Porlock. It is a long succession of holes, interspersed
with bumpy patches, and on typical summer days the air is heavy
with the dust raised by passing cars; dust that has only begun to
settle when another comes along, generally at an illegal speed, and
raises some more. The hedges and wayside trees between
Bridgwater and Nether Stowey are nowadays, from this cause, a
curious and woeful sight, and the village of Nether Stowey itself is,
for the same reason, made to wear a shameful draggletailed
appearance. The dust off the limestone road is of the whiteness of
flour, but looks, as it lies heavily on the foliage, singularly like snow.
The effect of a landscape heavily enshrouded in white, under an
intensely blue August sky, is unimaginably weird: as though the
unthinkable—a summer snowstorm—had occurred.
 Cannington, whose name seems temptingly like that of
Kennington—Köningtun, the King’s town—in South London,
especially as it was once the property of Alfred the Great, is really
the “Cantuctone,” i.e. Quantock town, mentioned in Alfred’s will, in
which, inter alia, he gives the manor to his son Eadweard.

CANNINGTON.

The village stands well above the Parret valley, and is described by
Leland as a “praty uplandische” place. A stream that wanders to this
side and that, and in its incertitude loses its way and distributes
itself in shallow pools and between gravelly banks, over a wide area,
is the traveller’s introduction to Cannington. Here a comparatively
modern bridge carries the dusty highway over the stream, leaving to
contemplative folk the original packhorse bridge by which in olden
times the water was crossed when floods rendered impracticable the
usual practice of fording it. The group formed by the tall red
sandstone tower of the church seen from here, amid the trees, with
the long rambling buildings of the “Anchor” inn below, and the
packhorse bridge to the left, is charming. The present writer said as
much to the chauffeur of a motorcar, halted here by the roadside. It
seemed a favourable opportunity for testing the attitude of such an
one towards scenery and these interesting vestiges of eld.
“Bridge, ain’t it?” he asked, jerking a dirty finger in that direction.
“Yes: that is the old packhorse bridge, in use before wheeled
traffic came much this way.”
“’Ow did they carry their ’eavy machinery, then?”
“Our ancestors had none.”
“Then what about the farm-waggons?”
“They went through the stream.”
“Kerridges too?”
“Yes, such as the carriages of those times were.”
“’Eavens,” said he, summing up; “what ’eathenish times to live in!”
And he proceeded with his work, which turned out, on closer
inspection, to be that of plentifully oiling the fore and aft
identification-plates of his car, to the end that the dust which so
thickly covered the roads should adhere to them and obscure alike
the index-letters and the numbers. He was obviously proposing to
travel well up to legal limit.
The church is a noble example of the Perpendicular period, with
an ancient Court House adjoining, the property of the Roman
Catholic Lord Clifford of Chudleigh. It was made the home of a
French Benedictine sisterhood in 1807; and is now a Roman Catholic
Industrial School for boys. The tall, timeworn enclosing walls of its
grounds form a prominent feature of the village.
One of the monuments on the walls of the church, in the course of
a flatulent epitaph upon the virtues of various members of the
Rogers family, of early seventeenth-century date, indulges in a
lamentable pun. The subject under consideration is “Amy, daughter
of Henry Rogers.” “Shee,” we are told, “did Amy-able live.”
Deplorable!
 Cannington stands at the entrance to the Quantock country, that
delightful rural district of wooded hills and secluded combes which
remains very much the same as it was just over a century ago, when
Coleridge and his friends first made it known. The Quantock Hills run
for some twelve miles in a north-westerly direction, from Taunton to
the sea at West Quantoxhead; the high road from Bridgwater to
Minehead crossing the ridge of them at Quantoxhead. The highest
point of this range is Will’s Neck, midway, rising to 1262 feet. The
capital of the Quantock country, although by no means situated on
or near the ridge, is Nether Stowey. Behind that village rises the
camp-crowned hill of Danesborough, which, although not itself
remarkably high, is so situated that it commands an exceptionally
fine panoramic view extending over the flat lands that border the
Parret estuary, and over the semicircular sweep of Bridgwater Bay.

NETHER STOWEY; GAZEBO AT STOWEY COURT.

 Some wild humorist, surely, that was, who pretended to derive the
name of the Quantocks from a supposititious exclamation by Julius
Cæsar, who is supposed to have exclaimed, standing on the crest of
Danesborough, behind Nether Stowey, “Quantum ad hoc!” That is,
“How much from here!” in allusion to the view from that point.
Serious persons, however, tell us that the name is the Celtic
“Cantoc” or “Gwantog;” i.e. “full of combes.”
Peculiarly beautiful though the Quantock scenery is, it is probable
that the especially delicate beauty of it would never have attracted
outside attention, had it not been for the association during a brief
space at Nether Stowey of Coleridge and his friends. We will spare
some time to visit Nether Stowey, and see what manner of setting
was that in which the “Ancient Mariner” and other of Coleridge’s
poetry was wrought.
The entrance to Stowey from the direction of Bridgwater is
particularly imposing. You come downhill, and then sharply round a
bend to the right, where a group of Scotch firs introduces Stowey
Court and the adjoining parish church: the view up the road towards
the village made majestic and old-world by another grouping of firs
beyond the curious early eighteenth-century gazebo that looks out in
stately fashion from the garden wall of the Court. From this, and
from similar summerhouse-like buildings, our great-great-
grandfathers and grandmothers glanced from their walled gardens
upon the coaches and the road-traffic of a bygone age. The roofs
and gables, and the uppermost mullioned windows of the Court are
glimpsed over the tall walls.
Although Stowey Court dated originally from the fifteenth century,
when it was built by Touchet, Lord Audley, and although it formed an
outpost of the Royalists during the struggles of Charles the First with
his Parliament, the building is not nowadays of much interest, and
the church is of less, having been rebuilt in 1851, with the exception
of the tower.
The romantic promise of this prelude to Stowey is scarcely
supported by the appearance of the village street. It is a long street
of houses for the most part of suburban appearance, running along
the main road, with a fork at the further end, along the road to
Taunton, where stands a modern Jubilee clock-tower beside the old
village lock-up. The clock-tower seems to most people a poor
exchange for the small but picturesque old market-house that until
comparatively recent years stood in the middle of the street, with a
streamlet running by.
To Leland, writing in the reign of Henry the Eighth, Stowey was “a
poore village. It stondith yn a Botom emong Hilles.” The situation is
correctly described, and no doubt the condition of Stowey was all
that Leland says of it, but no one could nowadays describe it
truthfully as “poor,” although it would be altogether correct to write
it down as desperately commonplace. There is nothing poetic about
the village at this time o’ day, and its position on a much-travelled
main road has brought a constant stream of fast-travelling motor-
cars and waggons, together with a frequent service of Great
Western Railway motor-omnibuses, with the result that a loathsome
mingled odour of petrol and fried lubricating oil and a choking dust
pervade the long street all the summer. The local hatred of motor-
cars—a deep-seated and intense detestation of them and those who
drive them and travel in them—is, perhaps, surprising to a mere
passer-by, who may just mention the subject to a villager; but it is
only necessary to stay a day and a night in Stowey, and then enough
will be seen and heard and smelt to convert the most mild-
mannered person to an equal hatred.
They are naturally tolerant people at Stowey, and not disposed to
be censorious. If you do not interfere with their comfort and well-
being, you are welcome to exist on the face of the earth, as far as
they are concerned, and joy go with you. They even tolerate the
notorious Agapemoneites of Spaxton, two miles away, the dwellers
in the Abode of Love; and are prepared, without active resentment,
to allow the Rev. Hugh Smyth-Pigott to style himself Jesus Christ and
to cohabit with any lady—or any number of ladies—he pleases, and
to style the resultant offspring Power, or Glory, or Catawampus, or
Fried Fish, or anything that may seem good to him, with no more
than a little mild amusement. “They doan’ intervere wi’ we, and us
woan’ intervere wi’ they,” is the village consensus of expressed
opinion, greatly to the wrath of certain good Bridgwater folk, who
come around, raving that the Agapemoneites ought to be swept off
the fair land of the Quantocks, and when none will take on the office
of broom, denounce all as Laodiceans, neither hot nor cold, and so
fit only to be spewed out. But it surely rests rather with Spaxton and
Charlinch to perform the suggested expulsion; and even then,
anything of the kind would be distinctly illegal, for it is part of the
law of this free and enlightened and Christian country that any man
may, if it pleases him to do so (and he can find others of the
opposite sex to join him), set up a harem, and even proclaim himself
the Messiah, without let or hindrance. The law no more regards him
as a fit target for soot, flour, or antique eggs, or even for tar and
feathers, than a respectable person.
The “Abode of Love,” founded in 1845 by the notorious “Brother
Prince,” a scoundrelly clergyman who appears never to have been
unfrocked, is a mansion maintained in the most luxurious style, but
completely secluded from the highway, upon which it fronts, by
substantial walls. In the time of “Brother Prince,” the flagstaff
surmounting the strong, iron-studded gateway, and supported by
the effigy of a rampant lion, was made to fly a flag bearing the Holy
Lamb, but this practice appears to be now discontinued.
Many inquisitive people nowadays visit Spaxton to view the
exterior of the place where these notorious blasphemers live. None
find entrance, for recent happenings have made the inmates
extremely shy of strangers. It is notorious that a raid was made
upon the place one night towards the close of 1908, and that Pigott,
the successor of Brother Prince, narrowly escaped being tarred and
feathered by some adventurous spirits, who came down from
London and, chartering a motor-car, drove up from Bridgwater to the
Abode. Climbing the walls, they “bonneted,” with a policeman’s
helmet filled with tarred feathers, the first man they met. This,
however, proved to be only an elderly disciple, and not Pigott
himself; and the intruders found themselves presently in custody,
and were next day brought before the magistrates at Bridgwater,
and both fined and severely reprimanded. The magistrates were
bound to observe the law and to punish an assault; but the
attempted tarring and feathering aroused a great deal of enthusiasm
at Bridgwater, where the only regret expressed was that it had not
been successful.
No one can complain that clerical opinion in that town is not freely
ventilated. Here is an extract from a sermon preached by the vicar of
St. Mary’s:
“Near to our town for some years past, alas, has sprung up one of
the most unhappy and miserable heresies that the world can show.
Of course there have been heresies very brilliant and very beautiful.
But here is a heresy foul, horrible, and bad, and a heresy with not
one single redeeming point in it. A few years ago the head of this
movement, now living in the little village under the shelter of the
beautiful Quantocks, made public proclamation in London that he
was the very Lord Jesus Christ, and that he should judge the world.
This man escaped at the risk of his neck—for however lethargic
some people might be, these Londoners were not—to the quiet of
the country. Here the old heresy, with a new name and with new
horrible details, came into prominence again. It had quietly settled
down, and men hoped that it would have died out, but the events of
the past six months have revived it all again. None can pretend to be
ignorant of what has happened, and none could pretend to be
ignorant of the awful and blasphemous claims that have been made
in the name of a wretched child born into a wretched world.”
But although Nether Stowey is tolerant of all these things, it is not
calm when motor-cars are under discussion. It would raise licences
to £50 per annum, reduce speed to ten miles an hour on the open
roads and three miles in villages and towns, and both heavily fine
and award long terms of imprisonment to any who transgressed
these suggested limits. Also, Nether Stowey suggests the
reintroduction of turnpike-gates; or, to speak by the card,
“tarnpayke-geäts.” By all this, it will be perceived that automobiles
have become a nuisance, a terror, and a source of injury to Nether
Stowey; as they have to countless other villages similarly
circumstanced.

THE MOTOR TERROR

Upon the pleasant country road
The motor-lorry runs;
Its build is huge and clumsy, and
It weighs some seven tons.
And when its cylinder backfires,
It sounds like gatling-guns!

Hark! down the village street there comes

The motor “charry bong”:
And, gracious heavens! how it hums!
’Tis tall, and broad, and long;
And see its mountain-range of seats,
Filled with a motley throng.

Old Giles, who hobbled down our street,

Now he’s in—Paradise.
A Panhard took him in the rear,
And shattered both his thighs,
They gave the chauffeur “three months’ hard”
When tried at next Assize.

The motor-bus, with skid and lurch

And awkward equipoise,
Now fleets on Sundays past the church,
With hideous whirr and noise.
You cannot hear the parson preach;
It drowns the organ’s voice.

And children from the Sunday School

Hang on behind, before
Our little Billy lost his hold:
Now he’s (alas!) no more!
They rolled him pretty flat. His soul’s
Gone to the Distant Shore.

Racing, toot-tooting, slithering,

The private owner goes;
The dust he raises fills the eyes,
His petrol-reek the nose;
His face he hides behind a mask:
He wears the weirdest clothes.

Now thanks to thee, thou callous fiend,

For the lesson thou hast taught:
 Thus hast thou shown us how our lives
And comfort are as naught,
So you may, reckless, go your way
And take your murd’ring sport!

THE COLERIDGE COTTAGE, NETHER STOWEY

The cottage at Nether Stowey occupied by Coleridge, from 1797

to 1800, stands at the further end of the village, and is, indeed, the
last house on the Minehead road. It duly bears an ornamental tablet
proclaiming the fact of the poet’s residence here in those critical
years. Sentiment, however, is not a little dashed at finding the house
to be an extremely commonplace one; now, owing to a succession
of alterations, enlarged and made to look like an exceedingly
unattractive specimen of a typical suburban “villa” of the first half of
the nineteenth century, when stucco was rampant and red brick had
not come into vogue. A scheme appears at the present time to be
under contemplation by which the house is to be purchased and
presented to the nation, as a memorial of the poet. It is to become
something in the way of a “Coleridge Reading Room,” or Village
Institute; but at the moment of writing, it is a lodging-house. A few
years ago it was the “Coleridge Cottage” inn. Such have been the
varied fortunes of this home, for those short four years, of “the
bright-eyed Mariner,” as Wordsworth calls him. When it is further
said that a storey has been added to the house, and that the thatch
of Coleridge’s time has been replaced by pantiles, it will be
considered, perhaps, that the value of it as a literary landmark can
be but small. Coleridge himself had no love for it, as may be seen in
his later references to Nether Stowey, in which he refers to it as a
“miserable cottage,” and “the old hovel.” But the years he passed in
this place were the most productive of his career. It was while
walking along the hills to Watchet, that he composed “The Ancient
Mariner” and the first part of “Christabel.” Close at hand, at
Alfoxden, was Wordsworth, poetising on primroses and the infinitely
trivial; and at Stowey itself was the amiable Thomas Poole, literary
and political dilettante, friend and host of this circle in general.
Southey sometimes came, and friends with visionary schemes for
the regeneration of the social system, then in some danger of being
overturned, following upon the popular upheaval of the French
Revolution, severely exercised the conventional minds of the local
squires and farmers with their unconventional ways and rash speech.
The habits of these friends, accustomed to discuss and severely
criticise the doings of the Government, often to dress in a peculiar
manner, and to take long, apparently aimless walks in lonely places,
no matter what the weather, when honest country folk were cosily
within doors, or asleep and snoring, presently attracted the notice of
the neighbours, to the extent that whispers of those suspicious
doings and this wild talk were conveyed to the local magistrates, and
the Government eventually thought it worth while to send down an
emissary to keep a watch. The spy chanced to be a person with a
long nose. He readily enough tracked their movements along the
hills and dales of Quantock, and overheard much of their talk:
probably because the friends knew perfectly well that they were
under suspicion and were being watched, and were humorously
inclined to make the spy’s eavesdropping as fruitful as they could of
incident. Prominent among their jokes was the discussion, in his
hearing, of Spinosa: that philosopher’s name being pronounced for
the occasion “Spynosa.” This the long-nosed one took to be an
allusion to himself. Coleridge, he reported to his employers to be “a
crack-brained talking fellow; but that Wordsworth is either a
smuggler or a traitor, and means mischief. He never speaks to any
one, haunts lonely places, walks by moonlight, and is always ‘booing’
about by himself.” The curious notion of the amiable Wordsworth
being mischievous is distinctly entertaining.

NETHER STOWEY.

The friends were generally gay and light-hearted, in spite of

philosophising upon ways and means of setting the world right by
moral suasion; and picnics punctuated the summer days. One of
these, at Alfoxden, has attained a certain fame. There were present
on this occasion: Coleridge, William and Dorothy Wordsworth, and
Cottle; the good-natured, providential Cottle, friend in need of
literary babes and sucklings. The provisions consisted of brandy,
bread-and-cheese, and lettuces. Coleridge, in his clumsy way, broke
the precious brandy-bottle, the salt was spilled, a tramp stole the
cheese, and so all that remained was bread and lettuces.
The “Journals of Dorothy Wordsworth,” the poet’s sister and
companion at Alfoxden and elsewhere, have been published, but it
cannot be said that they add greatly to one’s intellectual appreciation
of the society formed by these friends, nor do they impress the
reader with the mental powers of the lady, or with her knowledge of
country life. Here and there are such passages as “saw a glow-
worm,” or “heard the nightingale;” as though such sights and sounds
were things remarkable in the Quantocks. To have been deaf to the
nightingale in his season, or not to have noticed the glow-worm’s
glimmer: those would have been incidents of an evening’s walk
much better worth remarking for their singularity in these still
unspoiled hills.
But let us have a few specimen days from Dorothy Wordsworth’s
diary, to taste her quality. March 1798, for example, will serve:
“28th.—Hung out the linen.”
“29th.—Coleridge dined with us.”
“30th.—Walked I know not where.”
“31st.—Walked.”
And then “April 1st. Walked by moonlight.” What utter drivel and
self-confessed inanity; exasperating in its baldness, when an account
of what Coleridge said on the occasion of his driving with them
would have given us reading the world would now probably be glad
enough to possess!
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