please generate 100 mcq soley based on the

documents attached which is the L10 and

finalexam document, take the final exam
document as reference to generate the mcq
questions
Certainly! Below are 100 multiple-choice questions (MCQs) based solely on the content from
the attached document "Climate-Change-and-Energy-Security-Version-2025-part-2-1.pdf." The
questions are modeled after the style and structure of typical final exam questions, as you
requested. Each question includes four answer choices, with the correct answer indicated.

1. Who was the first to determine that increased atmospheric CO₂ would lead to
global warming?
A) Guy Callendar
B) Charles Keeling
C) Svente Arrhenius
D) James Hansen
Answer: C

2. What did Guy Callendar conclude from his analysis of weather data?
A) Global temperatures were decreasing
B) Industrial CO₂ emissions were responsible for temperature increases
C) Methane emissions were the main concern
D) Climate change was not occurring
Answer: B

3. The Keeling Curve is significant because it shows:

A) Methane emissions from agriculture
B) Rising CO₂ levels over time
C) Decreasing global temperatures
D) Ozone depletion
Answer: B
4. Which of the following is NOT a fossil fuel?
A) Crude oil
B) Natural gas
C) Coal
D) Uranium
Answer: D

5. What is the main use of coal globally?

A) Transportation
B) Generating electric power
C) Making plastics
D) Cooking
Answer: B

6. Gas flaring is primarily done to:

A) Produce electricity
B) Relieve gas pressure during oil extraction
C) Reduce methane emissions
D) Generate heat for homes
Answer: B

7. Which country produces more than 50% of the world’s cement, iron, and steel?
A) India
B) United States
C) China
D) Russia
Answer: C

8. What is a major immediate health effect of extreme heat?

A) Hypothermia
B) Heatstroke
C) Frostbite
D) Malaria
Answer: B

9. The urban heat island effect increases risk for which population group?
A) Young adults
B) Elderly
C) Tourists
D) Office workers
Answer: B
10. Which of the following is a mental health effect of heatwaves?
A) Decreased anxiety
B) Increased hospitalizations for psychiatric disorders
C) Improved sleep
D) Reduced stress
Answer: B

11. The 2003 heatwave in Europe resulted in approximately how many deaths?
A) 1000
B) 7000
C) 70,000
D) 700,000
Answer: C

12. What is the main source of methane emissions?

A) Transportation
B) Agriculture
C) Industry
D) Residential heating
Answer: B

13. What is the primary cause of river (fluvial) floods?

A) Earthquakes
B) Heavy rains or rapidly melting snow
C) Volcanic eruptions
D) Deforestation
Answer: B

14. Which of the following is a direct effect of high heat on mental health?
A) Lower suicide rates
B) Improved mood
C) Increased stress and disrupted sleep
D) Reduced anxiety
Answer: C

15. What is the main health risk associated with stagnant air during heatwaves?
A) Hypothermia
B) Smog formation
C) Reduced pollen
D) Lower asthma rates
Answer: B
16. Which country is especially vulnerable to sea level rise affecting farmland?
A) Switzerland
B) Bangladesh
C) Canada
D) Mongolia
Answer: B

17. What is a major indirect health effect of high heat and drought?
A) Increased rainfall
B) Wildfires
C) Decreased air pollution
D) Lower energy demand
Answer: B

18. The burning of fossil fuels primarily produces which greenhouse gas?
A) Nitrous oxide
B) Methane
C) Carbon dioxide
D) Ozone
Answer: C

19. What is the main use of natural gas?

A) Road construction
B) Generating electric power
C) Making steel
D) Agriculture
Answer: B

20. What is the main process by which burning fossil fuels generates electricity?
A) Magnetic induction
B) Steam turbines powering generators
C) Solar panels
D) Wind turbines
Answer: B

21. Which of the following is NOT a greenhouse gas?

A) CO₂
B) Methane
C) Nitrous oxide
D) Oxygen
Answer: D
22. Which sector accounts for the largest share of man-made greenhouse gas
emissions?
A) Transportation
B) Agriculture
C) Electricity and heat
D) Manufacturing
Answer: C

23. Which of the following is a consequence of global warming by 2100?

A) Decreased extreme weather events
B) Submersion of coastal areas
C) Increased world GDP
D) Lower sea levels
Answer: B

24. What is the main health risk from increased flooding in low-income countries?
A) Malaria
B) Waterborne diarrheal diseases
C) Heart disease
D) Cancer
Answer: B

25. What is a major factor for increased vector-borne diseases due to climate
change?
A) Decreased rainfall
B) Shorter warm seasons
C) Increased geographical range of vectors
D) Fewer insects
Answer: C

26. Which of the following is a framework for climate change mitigation?

A) Kyoto Protocol
B) World Trade Organization
C) North Atlantic Treaty
D) Marshall Plan
Answer: A

27. What is the main cause of routine gas flaring?

A) Safety concerns
B) Avoiding transport costs
C) Generating electricity
D) Reducing CO₂ emissions
Answer: B

28. What is the main effect of drought on food security?

A) Increased crop yields
B) Highest damage to food supplies
C) Reduced water loss from plants
D) Lower food prices
Answer: B

29. Which of the following is NOT a use of crude oil?

A) Gasoline
B) Jet fuel
C) Propane
D) Fertilizer
Answer: D

30. What is the main effect of higher temperatures on plants?

A) Reduced water loss
B) Increased water loss
C) Increased crop yields
D) Lower need for irrigation
Answer: B

31. What is the main source of drinking water in low-income countries?

A) Municipal water
B) Bottled water
C) Rivers and ponds
D) Desalination plants
Answer: C

32. What is the main cause of increased pollen concentrations?

A) Shorter growing seasons
B) Warming climate
C) Decreased rainfall
D) Reduced plant growth
Answer: B
33. Which of the following is NOT a direct effect of extreme precipitation?
A) Floods
B) Droughts
C) River overflow
D) Coastal flooding
Answer: B

34. What is the main health risk from dust storms and wildfires?
A) Water pollution
B) Particle pollution
C) Reduced pollen
D) Lower temperatures
Answer: B

35. Which of the following is a policy objective in the Health Policy Triangle
Framework?
A) Increase fossil fuel use
B) Reduce greenhouse gas emissions
C) Promote deforestation
D) Increase industrialization
Answer: B

36. What is the main impact of melting polar ice caps?

A) Lower sea levels
B) Higher sea levels
C) Reduced ocean salinity
D) Increased land area
Answer: B

37. What is a common effect of heatwaves on animals?

A) Increased reproduction
B) Mass deaths
C) Lower stress
D) Improved health
Answer: B

38. Which of the following is a barrier to energy security?

A) Improved technology
B) Dependence on fossil fuels
C) Renewable energy adoption
D) Energy efficiency
Answer: B
39. Which country experienced the "Black Summer" bushfires in 2019–20?
A) Russia
B) United States
C) Australia
D) Brazil
Answer: C

40. What is the main cause of flash floods?

A) Volcanic eruptions
B) Heavy rainfall over a short period
C) Deforestation
D) Earthquakes
Answer: B

41. What is the main reason for increased hospitalizations during heatwaves?
A) Infectious diseases
B) Psychiatric disorders
C) Accidents
D) Malnutrition
Answer: B

42. What is the main use of hydroelectric power?

A) Heating homes
B) Powering turbines to generate electricity
C) Transportation
D) Cooking
Answer: B

43. What is the main effect of higher sea levels on agriculture?

A) Increased crop land
B) Submergence of farmland
C) Improved irrigation
D) Reduced soil salinity
Answer: B

44. What is the main cause of increased asthma and allergies?

A) Decreased pollen
B) Increased pollen due to longer growing seasons
C) Improved air quality
D) Reduced plant growth
Answer: B
45. What is the main process by which coal is used to generate electricity?
A) Burning coal to create steam for turbines
B) Electrolysis
C) Solar panels
D) Wind turbines
Answer: A

46. What is the main reason for the vulnerability of the Sahel belt in Africa to food
insecurity?
A) High rainfall
B) Already high temperatures and water constraints
C) Low population
D) Abundant crops
Answer: B

47. What is the main cause of increased diarrheal diseases during droughts?
A) Improved hygiene
B) Use of contaminated water sources
C) Increased rainfall
D) Reduced population
Answer: B

48. What is the main environmental impact of gas flaring?

A) Reduced air pollution
B) Tremendous emissions and fuel waste
C) Improved air quality
D) Lower greenhouse gas emissions
Answer: B

49. What is the main use of natural gas in homes?

A) Transportation
B) Heating and cooking
C) Manufacturing steel
D) Making plastics
Answer: B

50. What is the main effect of higher temperatures on vector-borne diseases?

A) Decreased range of vectors
B) Increased geographical range and transmission period
C) Reduced mosquito survival
D) Shorter disease transmission season
Answer: B
51. Which of the following is a major greenhouse gas?
A) Oxygen
B) Nitrogen
C) Methane
D) Helium
Answer: C

52. What is the main effect of extreme weather events on GDP?

A) Increase in GDP
B) Decrease in GDP
C) No effect
D) Only positive effects
Answer: B

53. What is the main health risk from open defecation during floods?
A) Improved sanitation
B) Spread of waterborne diseases
C) Lower disease rates
D) Reduced pollution
Answer: B

54. What is the main effect of drought on hygiene practices?

A) Improved handwashing
B) Forgoing hygiene practices
C) Increased water availability
D) Reduced disease risk
Answer: B

55. What is the main cause of increased wildfires?

A) Lower temperatures
B) High heat and drought
C) Increased rainfall
D) Improved fire prevention
Answer: B

56. Which of the following is NOT a use of coal?

A) Generating electric power
B) Making steel
C) Making cement
D) Producing gasoline
Answer: D
57. What is the main effect of climate change on food security in Africa by 2030?
A) Improved food security
B) 43 million more people below the poverty line
C) Decreased poverty
D) Increased crop yields
Answer: B

58. What is the main reason for increased air pollution during heatwaves?
A) Increased wind
B) Stagnant air concentrating pollutants
C) Lower emissions
D) Improved air quality
Answer: B

59. What is the main effect of higher temperatures on wheat output?

A) Increased output
B) Reduced output
C) No effect
D) Improved quality
Answer: B

60. What is the main cause of increased respiratory problems during heatwaves?
A) Lower pollen
B) Higher pollen concentrations
C) Reduced air pollution
D) Decreased plant growth
Answer: B

61. Which of the following is a process for climate change mitigation?

A) Policies and enforcement
B) Increased fossil fuel use
C) Reduced renewable energy
D) Ignoring regulations
Answer: A

62. What is the main effect of extreme precipitation on cities?

A) Reduced flooding
B) Increased risk of flash floods
C) Lower water levels
D) Improved infrastructure
Answer: B
63. What is the main cause of increased smog during heatwaves?
A) Decreased emissions
B) Formation of ground-level ozone
C) Improved air quality
D) Lower temperatures
Answer: B

64. Which of the following is NOT a direct effect of climate change on health?
A) Heatstroke
B) Waterborne diseases
C) Increased crop yields
D) Respiratory problems
Answer: C

65. What is the main use of pipelines in North America?

A) Transporting water
B) Transporting oil and natural gas
C) Transporting coal
D) Transporting electricity
Answer: B

66. What is the main effect of higher temperatures on mosquito-borne diseases?

A) Decreased transmission
B) Increased transmission period
C) Reduced mosquito survival
D) Lower disease rates
Answer: B

67. What is the main reason for increased mental health trauma during extreme
weather events?
A) Improved living conditions
B) Disruption and stress caused by disasters
C) Lower temperatures
D) Increased rainfall
Answer: B

68. What is the main effect of rising CO₂ concentrations?

A) Global cooling
B) Global warming
C) Improved air quality
D) Reduced greenhouse effect
Answer: B
69. What is the main effect of climate change on allergies?
A) Reduced allergy rates
B) Increased allergy rates due to higher pollen
C) Lower pollen concentrations
D) Improved respiratory health
Answer: B

70. What is the main cause of increased deaths during wildfires in Russia in 2010?
A) Flooding
B) Smog
C) Earthquakes
D) Drought
Answer: B

71. What is the main effect of climate change on the geographical range of tropical
vectors?
A) Decreased range
B) Increased range
C) No change
D) Reduced disease transmission
Answer: B

72. What is the main impact of climate change on water security?

A) Improved water supply
B) Diminished waterways and drinking water supplies
C) Lower water demand
D) Increased rainfall everywhere
Answer: B

73. What is the main effect of increased greenhouse gas emissions from
agriculture?
A) Lower methane emissions
B) Higher methane emissions
C) Reduced food production
D) Improved air quality
Answer: B

74. What is the main effect of rising sea levels on coastal regions?
A) Increased land area
B) Submergence of farmland
C) Improved crop yields
D) Lower water levels
Answer: B

75. What is the main effect of climate change on extreme weather events?
A) Decreased frequency
B) Increased frequency
C) No effect
D) Only positive effects
Answer: B

76. What is the main use of crude oil?

A) Making cement
B) Gasoline and diesel fuels
C) Heating homes
D) Cooking
Answer: B

77. What is the main effect of higher temperatures on water loss from plants?
A) Reduced water loss
B) Increased water loss
C) No effect
D) Improved plant growth
Answer: B

78. What is the main effect of climate change on the length of the growing
season?
A) Shorter growing season
B) Longer growing season
C) No change
D) Reduced plant growth
Answer: B

79. What is the main effect of increased wildfires on air quality?

A) Improved air quality
B) Increased particle pollution
C) Reduced respiratory problems
D) Lower pollen concentrations
Answer: B
80. What is the main effect of climate change on the spread of dengue
mosquitoes?
A) Reduced spread
B) Invasion of new areas
C) No change
D) Lower transmission rates
Answer: B

81. What is the main effect of increased heatwaves on vulnerable populations?

A) Lower risk
B) Increased risk of heat-related illness
C) Improved health
D) Reduced hospitalizations
Answer: B

82. What is the main effect of climate change on the frequency of floods?
A) Decreased frequency
B) Increased frequency and severity
C) No effect
D) Only positive effects
Answer: B

83. What is the main effect of climate change on the risk of cholera in Cameroon?
A) Reduced risk
B) Increased risk due to open defecation and flooding
C) No effect
D) Improved sanitation
Answer: B

84. What is the main effect of heatwaves on sleep?

A) Improved sleep
B) Disrupted sleep
C) No effect
D) Reduced stress
Answer: B

85. What is the main effect of climate change on global GDP by 2100?
A) Increase in GDP
B) Decrease in GDP
C) No effect
D) Only positive effects
Answer: B
86. What is the main effect of increased CO₂ concentrations since the Industrial
Revolution?
A) Lower global temperatures
B) Higher global temperatures
C) No change
D) Improved air quality
Answer: B

87. What is the main effect of drought on crop yields?

A) Increased yields
B) Reduced yields
C) No effect
D) Improved crop quality
Answer: B

88. What is the main effect of climate change on the survival of insect vectors?
A) Reduced survival
B) Greater egg survival due to higher rainfall
C) No change
D) Lower disease transmission
Answer: B

89. What is the main effect of climate change on the frequency of hurricanes?
A) Decreased frequency
B) Increased frequency
C) No effect
D) Only positive effects
Answer: B

90. What is the main effect of climate change on the price of eggs in India during
heatwaves?
A) Lower prices
B) Skyrocketing prices due to chicken deaths
C) No change
D) Reduced demand
Answer: B
91. What is the main effect of climate change on the risk of mental health
disorders?
A) Reduced risk
B) Increased risk during heatwaves
C) No effect
D) Improved mental health
Answer: B

92. What is the main effect of climate change on the risk of flash floods?
A) Reduced risk
B) Increased risk due to heavy rainfall
C) No effect
D) Only positive effects
Answer: B

93. What is the main effect of climate change on the range of Aedes mosquitoes?
A) Reduced range
B) Increased range into new regions
C) No change
D) Lower transmission rates
Answer: B

94. What is the main effect of climate change on the risk of wildfires in California?
A) Reduced risk
B) Increased risk
C) No effect
D) Improved insurance coverage
Answer: B

95. What is the main effect of climate change on the air quality index in Sydney
during bushfires?
A) Lower index
B) Extremely high index, above hazard threshold
C) No change
D) Improved air quality
Answer: B
96. What is the main effect of climate change on the vulnerability of elderly
populations?
A) Reduced vulnerability
B) Increased vulnerability to heat-related illness
C) No effect
D) Improved health
Answer: B

97. What is the main effect of climate change on the frequency of droughts?
A) Decreased frequency
B) Increased frequency
C) No effect
D) Only positive effects
Answer: B

98. What is the main effect of climate change on the risk of depression and
anxiety in Bangladesh?
A) Reduced risk
B) Increased risk with higher mean temperatures
C) No effect
D) Improved mental health
Answer: B

99. What is the main effect of climate change on the insurance industry in
California?
A) Improved coverage
B) Withdrawal of major insurers due to wildfire risk
C) No change
D) Lower premiums
Answer: B

100. What is the main effect of climate change on the frequency of extreme
weather events?
A) Decreased frequency
B) Increased frequency
C) No effect
D) Only positive effects
Answer: B

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