Explain how two formatting features you have used make the webpage fit for purpose?

centre alignment of text and images in the page content to give more attractive appearance, font
enhancements to make the sub-headings (“bicycle type”, “description”) stand out

Describe one change to webpage that would make it more accessible for visually
impaired users.
change colour scheme, add text labels to image for screen reader, option to increase font size
make it easier to read, aid screen reader to describe content of images

Explain why the data type for MOBNO is sat as “TEXT”

 not being used in calculations
 starting with a zero/often contains spaces

Explain why a Drop-Down list is sometimes used on a data entry form.

Allow one mark for either
 limited range of values
 makes sure that data entry is more accurate/consistent

Explain the benefit of reducing the size of the image TEMPLE.

 Smaller image means a smaller file size

 Faster upload / download speed on web page
 Remove unnecessary parts of image/to delete distractions on the image

In Task SS3 you created a chart to be used in a report.

Explain how you ensured that your chart was suitable to be used in the report.
Explanation includes any two of:
 text is correctly spelled / capitalisation
 title and / or labels clarify purpose of chart
 all components of a suitable chart are present – title, axis labels and category labels
 no unnecessary data present
 no truncation / all text readable
 suitable scales

Some formulae use absolute cell referencing.

Explain a reason for using absolute cell referencing in formulae.
constant value / cell reference
efficiency of replication
Give one reason why Frederick stores the date of birth of a guest rather than their age.
Any one of :
 Age changes each year but birthday is constant
 Enable customer service department to celebrate birthdays with special offers
 Additional Identification

Give one reason why MOBILE is NOT a number field.

Any one of:
 Because it contains a space (non-numeric character)
 Because it starts with a zero
 Because it is not used for calculations

In document TASK DB3, explain why a one-to-many relationship is used between

the COTTAGE and RENTAL tables.
Award 1 mark each up to a maximum of 2 for an explanation involving:
 Each cottage is unique
 Each cottage will be used for many rentals
 Cannot rent out cottages that do not exist (in the database)

Explain the purpose of conventions used in standard business letters.

 salutation - (courtesy) indicating to whom letter is written
 subject line - inform about content of letter
 date - identify when letter was written
 reference - identify letter for filing purposes
 complimentary close - (courtesy) indicating who wrote the letter

In document TASK WP1c, give two convent

 salutation
 subject line
 date
 reference
 complimentary close

Suggest a suitable validation rule for the TITLE field.

Two characters only / “MR” or “MS” or “DR”

Explain why validation rules are used in a database.
Award 1 mark each up to a maximum of 2 for:
 limit range of values entered
 ensure consistency of data entry
 restricted length
 limits data entry errors
Explain why your badge design is fit for purpose.
Award 1 mark each up to a maximum of 2 for:
 balance of text and image / text is clear
 appropriate image chosen / does not use photo / uses vector image
 includes required elements (text and image)
 appropriate size / shape / fits nicely on t-shirt
 relevant to walking / group

Explain one benefit of cropping the image CAREW before using it on the website.
An explanation that includes one of:
 reduced file size (1) means reduced storage required (1)
 reduced file size (1) means faster upload/download (on website) (1)
 removes unnecessary items (1) means focus on castle (1)

The website uses dark green text on a pale green background as part of its house style.
Explain why organisations use a house style.
Award 1 mark each up to a maximum of 2 for an explanation including:
 house style provides consistency
 house style gives guidance for new contributors
 house style gives organisation recognisable identity across documents

A spellchecker can be used to reduce errors in a document.

Explain why proofreading is still required after using a spellchecker.

 some words are not in the computer dictionary (1) such as names which need to be checked
(1)
 some words may be the incorrect word in the context (1) (e.g. their and there) / grammar
issues (1)
 the computer dictionary may have been corrupted (1) incorrect spellings added by
others/mistake (1)
 incorrect language settings (1) e.g colour/color / set to US English rather than UK English (1)
 the use of autocomplete / predictive text (1) some words may be the incorrect word in the
context (1)
 spellcheckers cannot identify factual/numerical errors (1) e.g. incorrect name of capital city
(e.g. Paris is capital of Germany) / incorrect date/amount (1)

You were asked to format the schedule as a table.

Explain why a table is an appropriate way of displaying the schedule.
 table provides a consistent layout (1) making it easier to find information (1)
 easier to read (1) table provides a structured layout for linked information (1)
 table has a structured layout (1) making it easier to check that all information is included (1)

The image will be used on a website. Explain one benefit of reducing the size of the
image COLTS before it is used on the website.

An explanation such as:

reduces file size (1) results in faster download/upload of image on web (1)
The data type for PHONE is set as text, not number

An explanation such as:

• allows leading zero (1) truncated if number format (1)
• allows non-numeric characters (1) allows for spaces and or brackets or symbols such +

The date of birth (DOB) of each player is stored, rather than their age.
An explanation such as:
• date of birth is a constant (1) database doesn’t need frequent updates
• allows club to set alerts on database (1) to celebrate (1)
• allows additional identification (1) maybe two people with same name (1)

Explain why the relationship between the TEAM table and the PLAYER table is one-to-
many.

An explanation such as
• each team is unique (1) many players in a team (1)

Absolute cell references are sometimes used in spreadsheet formulae.

Explain, using an example, why an absolute cell reference would be used in a formula.
(Example eg C16 or C17 indicates that) a constant value/range is to be use
Explanation indicates that replication of formula is valid
Explain one drawback of using a bitmap image for a logo.
Bitmap images are unsuitable if the logo is made larger (1) as they would become pixelated (1)
OR
Can increase file size (1) which would increase download time / processing / take up more
storage space (1)
OR
When logo is made smaller (1) could lose detail (1)

State what is meant by the term primary key

A unique identifier / uniquely identifies each record in a table

State what is meant by the term foreign key

A primary key in another table

Identify the relationship between the DESTINATIONS table and the CLIENTS table
One to many
Explain one advantage of using named ranges in a spreadsheet.

An explanation such as:

The range details are stored / more human readable (1) so you do not need to remember the
range address (1)
OR
Absolute referencing is not necessary when replicating (1) because named ranges remain
constant (1)
Explain one advantage of using named ranges in a spreadsheet.

An explanation such as:

The range details are stored / more human readable (1) so you do not need to remember the
range address (1)
OR
Absolute referencing is not necessary when replicating (1) because named ranges remain
constant (1)
State one reason why it is important to change the default filenames when saving files.

Any one from:

• to make filenames relevant to the content
• default / blank files are not filled with content
• supports version control
• helps user find files

State one field that would use a format check tables - accept first response only

Postcode
State one field that would use a lookup - accept first response only

Gender
Explain one problem that could occur if the ‘Limit to List’ had a value of No in the Lookup
property.

Errors could be included (1) because a user could choose not to select from the list and type in
anything they wanted (1)
A user could choose not to select from the list and type in anything they wanted (1) which could
result in errors (1)
State the reason why a query may require a logical operator

To make a comparison with something else within the query

Give one reason why tables are linked together with a relationship before entering data

To prevent duplicate records being entered

To reduce errors
Identify one foreign key in the linked tables - accept first response only

Accommodation ref
Member ref
Give one reason why Lucia has used speaker notes

So that she could just use bullets and use the notes for additional information
To save including all the information on the slides – would be too much
Describe how one other feature of presentation software can enhance the presentation.

Award a mark if they have included something that enhances the presentation
1 mark for identifying the feature (1) then the second mark for describing how it would enhance
(1)
Do not accept speaker notes or hyperlinks.
Explain one advantage of using the SUM function in a spreadsheet

An explanation such as:

To speed up the process/efficient (1) because you don’t need to individually key in the cell
references (1)
OR
Reduces errors (1) as you do not have to key in individual cell references (1)
A COUNTIF function could be used with the values for Season
State how the results of this function could be useful to Lucia

She can see how many bookings she has in each season
State the purpose of a chart legend

To identify data when there is more than one set of data

Comment on your newsletter and how it compares to Lucia’s design

Allow any suitable comparison (1) then a comment on how it compares (1)

Lucia wants to create a letter to send to customers. Explain one benefit to Lucia of using
mail merge to do this

Fewer errors/saves time (1) because the letter is only created once and sent to everyone (1)

Give one reason why standard conventions, such as salutation, are used when writing
letters

• consistent layout
• more formal/standard
• ensure all information is included

State one reason why it is important to use sensible filenames when saving files

• easier to find the file later

• easier for someone else to find the file

Identify the type of relationship that will be needed between the HOTEL table
and the BOOKING table.

One to many.

Explain one reason why referential integrity should be enforced for relationships in a
database.

It is a form of data validation (1) so it makes sure that invalid data cannot be entered into any
two of the tables (1)
System of rules that ensure database data is valid (1) so that you cannot accidentally delete a
record in one table if it exists in a related table (1)
You cannot accidently delete a record (1) because it is a foreign key in another table (1)
Invalid data cannot be entered (1) because the foreign key must exist as a primary key first (1)

State the name of the table that would have its data entered last.

BOOKING

Explain one reason why Like "*haus*" would be used in a database search
To return any occurrence of hotels with haus in their name (1) because without it there would be
no hotel with just the name haus (1)

State one reason why the code will not display the image

There are no “ ” around the image – the image will not display
<img src=”slalom.jpg” alt=”Image of skier”>

Explain one reason why alt text has been used on the image

If the image does not display (1) then users would still know what the image is (1)
Some people are visually impaired (1) which means they will still know what the image is (1)
Some people have limited bandwidth (1) so they would not be able to download the image data
(1)
Images provide context to the information presented (1) which makes it clear to users what is
being shown (1)
Images are often used to provide information that is not included in the main text (1) so users
can see still be provided with the full information (1)

Give one advantage of using a template when setting up web pages

To ensure consistency between pages

Saves time (accept quicker)
Easily follows house style
The developer can concentrate on the content / does not have to think about the placement and
style

State the feature labelled A

Named range

Explain one improvement you would make to the table.

Changing colours of the background and text (1) so that the text is clearer to read (1)
Different use of font styles, sizes, enhancements (1) so that the text stands out more when
reading (1)
Size of table due to font size choices (1) so the information is clearly displayed (1)

Explain one reason why ‘Save As’ is used rather than ‘Save’ when saving a file.

Save as allows you to change the filename (1) so that you can save a file with something other
than the default name provided (1)
Save as allows you to change the file destination (1) so that you can save a file anywhere other
than the default destination (1)
Save as allows you to change the file format (1) so that you can save a file in any format other
than the default format (1)
Save as allows for version control (1) so you can go back to earlier versions (1)

Spelling and grammar tools have been used to check some text.
Explain one reason why proofreading is still required.
The software may be set to a different country (1) so although the word is spelt correctly in that
language, the software thinks it is an error (1)
The word used may be a name (1) which as there are so many different names it is impossible
for the software to recognise it (1)
The word may be so badly spelt (1) which means the software has no idea of what the word
should be so won’t recognise it (1)
The word may be a homonym/spelt correctly (1) but not in the right context (1)

Give two features of vector images

• Made up of lines/curves/points/shapes
• Image can be enlarged without loss of quality/distortion
• Image can be made smaller without loss of detail
• Small file size/takes up little storage space
• Based on mathematical equations
• Uses co-ordinates

Explain one reason why bitmaps are suitable for photographic images.

Bitmap images are detailed (1) because they have a high pixel count/have high resolutions (1)
Bitmap images look realistic (1) as they represent lots of colours/can have a large colour depth
(1)

Give two advantages of using a master slide when creating a presentation.

Saves time when creating the slides

Ensures consistency between slides
Easily follows house style
Once created they don’t need to worry about placement and style

Give one reason why number is not used as a data type for a telephone number in a
database.

The database does not recognise the leading 0 of the phone number
Never likely to perform a calculation with a telephone number
May have symbols such as + (which cannot be stored in a number field)
Identify one foreign key in the linked tables.
Service ID
Client ID

Explain one reason why the Contact field in the CLIENT table uses lookup validation.

Less chance of errors (1) because the user can only choose from a list/does not have to key in
the options (1)

Explain one reason why the three tables in the GARDENING SERVICES database are
related.

Reduces errors (1) because duplicate records will be prevented (1)

Minimised redundant data (1) because they are linked by the keys (1)
Saves time (1) because you don’t have to key in the same information repeatedly (1)
More accurate (1) as you only have to update in one table (1)
You can delete one job (1) without a service or client being deleted (1)

State the result of using the length (len) function on the contents of cell A1
26 - accept 27 as there may be a space before the G

‘provides the number of characters in the cell’

Describe how the function =PRODUCT(A4:C4,2) works.
It multiplies the (three) cells together (1)
then multiplies the answer by 2 (1)
(A4*B4*C4) * 2

Give one benefit of using functions in spreadsheets.

To simplify the use of formulae/ to save time entering loads of data into a formula/ accept
examples
=A1+A2+A3+A4+A5 would be simplified to become =SUM(A1:A5)
=(A1+A2+A3+A4+A5)/5 would be simplified to become =AVERAGE(A1:A5)
Explain one improvement you would make to the leaflet.
Allow any suitable improvement (1) then a comment on why it would improve the leaflet (1)
Examples:
Add another image to page 2 (1) so there is a better balance between text and images/reduce
the amount of wasted space (1)
Change the colour/Use a better contrast for the green text on page 2 (1) because it is too light to
be seen clearly/to improve accessibility (1)
Make text sizes/line spacing/fonts/colours more consistent (1) so it aids
readability/communication of the content (1)

Explain one reason why it is important to use folder structures when organising work.

To ensure work relating to the same subject area is stored in the same place (1) because
it is easier to find at a later date, aids collaborative working, others can understand the hierarchy
of the structure (1)