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Paes 217

The document outlines key terminologies related to sprinkler irrigation, including average pressure, design pressure, and distribution uniformity. It also details general design criteria, limitations, and various types of sprinkler systems and sprinklers. The information serves as a guide for effective irrigation system design and implementation.

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ricky.salazar
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120 views2 pages

Paes 217

The document outlines key terminologies related to sprinkler irrigation, including average pressure, design pressure, and distribution uniformity. It also details general design criteria, limitations, and various types of sprinkler systems and sprinklers. The information serves as a guide for effective irrigation system design and implementation.

Uploaded by

ricky.salazar
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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PAES 217

Terminologies

1. Average pressure – Average sprinkler pressure along the lateral


2. Design pressure – Pressure required to overcome the TDH
3. Distribution uniformity – Numerical value on the uniformity of distribution of irrigation systems
4. Irrigation period – Time required to cover an area with one application of water.
5. Sprinkler irrigation – Method of applying irrigation water similar to natural rainfall.
6. Sprinkler spacing – Distance between two sprinkler heads along the lateral.
7. Wetted diameter – Diameter of the circular area wetted by the sprinkler.
8. Pump unit – Delivers water from the source to the pipe system.
9. Filtration system – Prevents nozzles from clogging
10. Sprinklers – Sprays water over the ground or crop.
11. Mainlines and Submainlines – Pipes which convey water from the pump to the laterals.
12. Laterals – Deliver water from the mainlines or submainlines to the sprinklers.

General Design Criteria

1. Type of crop – Crops where water can be sprayed over or under the canopy. Large sprinklers shall
not be used for delicate crops.
2. Slope – In uniform or undulating slopes. Lateral pipes shall be laid out along the contour of the
land.
3. Soil type – Can be used in almost any type of soil except those which form a crust. Best used in
sandy soils with high infiltration rate.
4. Irrigation water – Shall be free of suspended sediments.
5. Layout – Mainlines should be laid up and downhill

Laterals shall be laid across slope or near the counter.

For multiple lateral operation, pipe diameter shall be limited to maximum of two diameters.

Limitations

1. Requires high initial and operating costs.


2. Intermittent delivery is not economical
3. Salinity and high concentration of bicarbonates affect overhead sprinklers.
4. Water of different quality causes corrosion to pipes commonly used in sprinkler irrigation.
5. Not suitable for soils with an intake rate of less than 3mm/hr
6. Windy and excessively dry conditions result in low irrigation efficiencies.
7. Non-rectangular field shapes are inconvenient.
Types of Sprinkler Systems

1. Set System – Operate with sprinkles set in a fixed position.


2. Periodic-move system – Moved manually during the course of irrigation.
3. Hand-move system – portable
4. Mechanical-move system.
5. Fixed system – Not requiring to be moved.
6. Continuous move system – circular or straight path

Types of Sprinklers

1. Impact sprinkler
2.

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