EC3201 ANTENNAS AND WAVE PROPAGATION (PC)

UNIT – I: Radiation and Antennas: Antenna definition and Functions, Network theorems,
Properties of antennas, Antenna parameters, Polarization, Basic antenna elements, Radiation
mechanism, Radiation fields of alternating current element, Radiated power and radiation
resistance of current element, Radiation, induction and electrostatic fields, Hertzian dipole,
Different current distributions in linear antennas, Radiation from half-wave dipole, Radiation
from quarter wave monopole, Radiation characteristics of dipoles.
UNIT – II: Analysis of Linear Arrays: Directional characteristics of dipole antennas,
Radiation pattern of alternating current element, Radiation pattern expressions of centre-fedvertical
dipoles of finite length, Radiation patterns of centre-fed vertical dipoles, Radiation
patterns of centre-fed horizontal dipoles, Radiation patterns of vertical dipoles, Two-element
uniform array, Uniform linear arrays, Field strength of a uniform linear array, First sidelobe
ratio (SLR), Broadside and End-fire arrays, Patterns of array of non-isotropic radiators,
Multiplication of patterns, Generalized expression for principle of pattern multiplication,
Radiation pattern characteristics, Binomial arrays, Effect of earth on vertical patterns, Effect
of earth on radiation resistance, Methods of excitation, Impedance matching techniques,
Transmission loss between transmitting and receiving antennas – FRIIS formula, Antenna
temperature and signal-to-noise ratio.Array Synthesis, Synthesis methods, Fourier transform
method, Linear array design by Woodward-Lawson method, Dolph-chebychev method
(Tschebyscheff distribution), Taylor method, Laplace transform method, Standard amplitude
distributions.
UNIT – III: HF, VHF and UHF Antennas: Introduction, Isotropic radiators, Directional
antennas, Omni-directional antennas, Resonant antennas, Nonresonant antennas, LF antennas,
Antennas for HF, VHF and UHF, Dipole arrays, Folded dipole, V-Antennas, Inverted V-
antennas, Rhombic antenna, Yagi-Uda antenna, Log-periodic antennas, Loop antenna, Helical
antenna, Whip antenna, Ferrite rod antenna, Turnstile antennas, Discone antennas, Notch
antenna.
UNIT – IV: Microwave Antennas and Antenna Measurements: Introduction, Rod reflector,
Plane reflector, Corner reflector, Parabolic reflector, Types of parabolic reflectors, Feed
systems for parabolic reflectors, Shaped beam antennas, Horn antennas, Corrugated horns, Slot
antennas, Impedance of a few typical dipoles, Slots in the walls of rectangular waveguides,
Babinet’s principle, Lens antennas, Microstrip antennas , Measurement ranges, Indoor and
outdoor ranges, Antenna impedance measurements, Measurement of radiation resistance, Gain
measurements, Measurement of antenna bandwidth, Directivity measurement, Measurement
of sidelobe ratio, Measurement of radiation efficiency, Measurement of antenna aperture
efficiency, Measurement of polarization of antenna, Phase measurement.
UNIT – V: Wave Propagation: Propagation characteristics of EM Waves, Factors involved
in the propagation of radio waves, Ground wave propagation, Ground wave field strength by
Maxwell’s equations, Reflection of radio waves by the surface of the earth, Roughness of earth,
Reflection factors of earth, Wave tilt of the ground wave, Tropospheric wave propagation,
Atmospheric effects in space wave propagation, Duct propagation, Radio horizon,Troposcatter,
Fading of EM waves in Troposphere, Line of sight (LOS), Ionospheric
propagation, Characteristics of ionosphere, Refractive index of ionosphere, Phase and group
velocities, Mechanism of Ionospheric propagation, reflection and refraction, Characteristic
parameters of Ionospheric propagation, Sky wave field strength, Fading and diversity
techniques, Faraday’s rotation, Effect of earth’s magnetic field.
EC3202 DIGITAL SIGNAL PROCESSING (PC)
UNIT – I: Discrete - Time Signals and Systems: Discrete - Time Signals – Sequences, Linear
Shift– Invariant Systems, Stability and Causality, Linear Constants – Coefficient Difference
Equations,Frequency Domain Representation of Discrete – Time Signals and Systems.
UNIT – II: Applications of Z – Transforms: System Functions H(z) of Digital Systems, Stability
Analysis, Structure and Realization of Digital Filters, Finite Word Length Effects.
UNIT – III: Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT): Properties of the DFS, DFS Representation of
Periodic Sequences, Properties of DFT, Convolution of Sequences. Fast – Fourier Transforms
(FFT):Radix – 2 Decimation – In – Time (DIT) and Decimation – In – Frequency (DIF), FFT
Algorithms,Inverse FFT.
UNIT – IV: IIR Digital Filter Design Techniques: Design of IIR Filters from Analog Filters,
Analog Filters Approximations (Butterworth and Chebyshev Approximations), Frequency
Transformations, General Considerations in Digital Filter Design, Bilinear Transformation Method,
Step and ImpulseInvariance Technique.
UNIT – V: Design of FIR Filters: Fourier series Method, Window Function Techniques,
Comparison of IIR and FIR Filters. Applications of FFT in Spectrum Analysis and Filtering,
Application of DSP in Speech Processing.

EC3203 MICROWAVE ENGINEERING (PC)

UNIT – I: Microwave Components: Introduction to Microwaves and their applications,
Coaxial Line Components, Wave-guide Components, Directional Couplers, Hybrid Tee
Junction, Magic Tee, Attenuators, Ferrite Devices, Isolators, Circulators, Cavity
Resonators, Re-entrant Cavities, Wave-meters, Microwave Filters, Detectors, Mixers.
UNIT -II: Microwave Signal Generators and Amplifiers: Vacuum Tube Triodes,
Resonant Cavity Devices, Reflex Klystron, two – Cavity Klystron, Multi – Cavity Klystron,
Slow – Wave Devices, TWT, Crossed Field Devices, Magnetrons, Semiconductor Devices,
Microwave BJTs, FETs, Tunnel Diodes, Gunn Diode, IMPATT, TRAPATT Diodes.
UNIT – III: Microwave Circuits: Scattering Matrix and its Properties, Scattering Matrix
of directional coupler, circulator, E Plane Tee, H plane Tee and Magic Tee.UNIT – IV: Microwave
Integrated Circuits: Materials, Substrate, Conductor, Dielectric
and Resistive Materials, MMIC Growth, Fabrication Techniques, MOSFET Fabrication,
NMOS Growth and CMOS Development, Thin Film Formation.
UNIT – V: Microwave Measurements: VSWR, Frequency, Guide Wavelength, Coupling
and Directivity measurements.

COMPUTER NETWORKS (PE)

UNIT – I: Introduction: Uses of Computer Networks, Network Structure, Architectures,
Services, Standardization, Functions of Various Network Layers, Network examples.
Physical layer -Theoretical Basis for Data Communication, Transmission Media, Analog
and Digital Transmission, Transmission and Switching ISDN.UNIT – II: Medium Access Sub-
layer: LAN, MAN, Protocol, ALOHA, IEEE Standard
for 802 for LANs, Fiber Optic Networks, Satellite Networks.
UNIT – III: Data Link layer: Design Issues, Error Detection and Correction, Protocols
and their Performance, Specifications and Examples.
UNIT -IV: Network layers: Design Considerations, Difference between Gateway,
Ethernet Switch, Router, Hub, Repeater, Functions of Router, Congestion Control
Internetworking and Examples, Details of IP addressing schemes, TCP/IP Protocol details.
UNIT – V: The Transport Layer: The Transport Service, Elements of Transport
Protocols, The Internet Transport Protocols; UDP, The Internet Transport Protocols; TCP.
The Application Layer -The Domain Name System, Electronic Mail, The World Wide
Web.
FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT FOR ENGINEERS (OE)
UNIT-I: Accounting concepts and systems - Elements of Financial Statements - trading, profit
& loss Statement- Cash Flow Statements - Notes to Accounts - Profits vs. Cash Flows.
UNIT-II: Analysis of Financial Statements - Financial Analysis-Financial Ratios and their
Interpretations covering: Profitability Ratios; Liquidity Ratios; Return on Capital Ratios; -
Management of Working Capital: Capital and Its Components - Working Capital Cycle -
Working Capital Financing.
UNIT-III: Management Decision Making: Cost concepts and its application in Decision
Making - Types of cost – Direct& Indirect, Fixed& Variable - Cost Sheet - Cost Volume Profit
Analysis - Understanding Cost behavior – Cost concepts and its application in DecisionMaking -
Relevance of Activity Based Costing - Marginal Costing - Make or Buy - Shut down
or continue - Sell or process further - Domestic vs. Export Sales.
UNIT-IV: Budgets and Budgetary Control: Different types of Budgets (Departmental,
Function based, Cash, Master) - Budgeting systems (ABC / ZBB / Rolling/ Incremental /
Planning) - Variance Analysis - Capital Budgeting and Investment Appraisals - Meaning of
Capital Budgeting - Relevance of Capital Budgeting - Techniques of Capital Budgeting -
Payback Period - Accounting Rate of Return - Net Present Value - Internal Rate of Return -
Discounted Payback Period.
UNIT-V: Means of Finance: Financial Instruments - Shares, Debentures, Derivatives - Share
Capital Vs. Term Loans - Leasing - Financial Markets - Capital Markets - Stock Exchanges.